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GREENVILLE  AHEAD ! 


—FINEST  LINE  OF— 

STOVES,  CROCKERY,  CHINA,  GLASS  AND  TINWARE 

IIST  THHEC  STATE. 

STOCK  BEING  CONSTANTLY  REPLENISHED, 


MAIN  ST.,  OPP.  MANSION  HOUSE, 


GREENVILLE,  S.  C. 

Wholesale  and  Retail  Dealers  in 


Silverware,  Fine  China,  Imported  Goods,  Wooden  and  Willow  Ware, 
Crockery,  Glassware,  Stoves,  Tinware,  House 
Furnishing  Goods,  Etc. 


C,  F.  HAYILAND’S  (LUGES)  FRENCH  CHINA  A SPECIALTY. 

Rogers  & Bro.’s  and  Derby  Triple-Plated  Silverware. 

QUALITY  GUARANTEED. 


Bohemian  Glassware, 

Majolica  Plain  and  Decorated 
Dinner  and  Tea  Sets, 
Fancy  Goods. 


Sole  Agents  for  the  Celebrated 

Iron  King  Cook  Stove. 

AWARDED  CENTENNIAL  MEDAL. 

Every  Stove  Warranted. 

A full  line  of  other  Cook  and  Heating 
Stoves. 


B^”Our  men  travel  South  Carolina,  Georgia  and  Alabama,  and  being  in  direct  communication  with 
the  leading  manufacturers  in  this  country,  we  are  prepared  to  supply  the  largest  orders,  and  compete  in 
these  States  with  any  house  in  our  line. 


Seo  Page  70. 


There  is  truly  no  interest  of  more  vital  importance  to  the  prosperity  of  a city  than  the  conduct  and 
character  of  her  hotels.  First  impressions  count  for  much,  and  it  is  from  hutels  that  visitors  form  their 
opinion  concerning  the  city  as  a whole.  The  famous  old  hostelry  under  notice  is  not  surpassed  in  its 
comforts,  accommodation  and  conveniences.  It  is  located  in  the  bend  of  King  Street,  and  commands  a 
full  view  of  this  busy  aud  attractive  thoroughfare.  The  house  at  the  same  time  extends  far  back  so  that 
those  who  wish  quietness  and  retirement  in  their  rooms  can  also  be  sui  ed. 

To  ladies  visiting  Charleston  it  is  a desideratum,  the  hotel  being  situated  in  the  centre  of  the  large 
retail  dry  goods  trade,  and  on  the  street  that  the  ladies  affect  for  their  morning  and  evening  promenades, 
and  nearly  opposite  the  Academy  of  Music. 

The  society  met  with  is  unexceptionablv  fine  as  many  gentlemen  of  the  city  with  their  families  re- 
side here  permanently,  thus  serving  to  give  a home-like  appearance  to  the  surroundings. 

The  hotel  has  been  this  summer  newly  furnished  throughout  in  a most  expensive,  elegant  and  com- 
fortable fashion. 

The  furniture  is  black  walnut,  marble  top,  supplied  from  the  famous  Armstrong  Furniture  Company, 
of  Evansville,  Indiana.  The  luxurious  beds  are  acknowledged  to  be  as  comfortable  as  have  ever  been 
placed  in  a ho  el,  and  induce  repose  and  slumber.  This  is  no  idle  boast  1 One  trial  will  satisfy  the  most 
skepticil.  The  rooms,  47  in  all,  are  airy  and  commodious,  and  well  suited  to  the  Southern  climate  The 
table  is  all  that  can  be  desired,  the  food  is  the  best  that  home  and  Northern  markets  afford,  it  is  cooked 
in  a careful  and  unexceptionable  ma  ner,  served  in  elegance  and  variety,  and  the  dining  room  large 
airy,  and  lit  from  three  sides,  is  the  pleasantest  and  most  perfect  in  its  appointments:  it  is  2Sxl80  feet  in 
dimensions.  The  hotel  proper  is  on  the  second  and  third  floors ; on  the  street  is  a billiard  room,  the 
finest  in  the  Slate,  with  eight  Collander  tables,  a bar  stocked  With  the  fiuest  wines  and  liquors,  an  excel- 
lent barber  shop,  aud  a well  equipped  office,  where  night  and  day  an  obliging  clerk  is  always  in  atten- 
dance. There  are  electric  '■•ells  all  through  the  house  and  a telephone  connecting  with  the  principal 
stores,  offices  and  residences  of  the  city,  for  the  use  of  guests. 

Mr.  Price  lays  h mself  out  to  attend  to  his  guests,  he  is  never  absent  from  the  premises : he  has 
drilled  his  employees  into  a politeness  that  is  seldom  found  in  a hotel,  he  is  assisted  by  his  wife  in 
the  discharge  of  the  multifarious  duties  incumbent  upon  such  a large  and  prosperous  establishment. 

Hi  ONLY  ASKS  ONE  TRIAL  ! 

252  TO  25S  KING  STREET, 

CHARliBBUftSF.-  SO,  C A, 


HISTORICAL  AND  DESCRIPTIVE 


REVIEW 


OF  THE 


of  South  Carolina, 


INCLUDING  THE 


MANUFACTURING  AND  MERCANTILE  INDUSTRIES 

OF  THE  CITIES  AND  COUNTIES  OF 

ABBEVILLE,  ANDERSON,  GRETJNVfLLE,  NEWBERRY,  ORANGEBURG, 
SPARTANBURG,  SUMMER,  UNH)N,  CAMDEN, 

AND  COUNTY  OF  KERSHAW, 

AND  SKETCHES  OF  THEIR 

LEADING  MEN  AND  BUSINESS  HOUSES. 


VOLUME  III. 


I 


EMPIRE  PUBLISHING  COMPANY, 
Charleston,  S.  C. 

18S4. 

Compliments  of  See  Page 


AST  Those  who  get  this  book  from  the  publishers  will  kindly  acknowledge 
receipt. 

UglT"  Pamphlet  copies,  per  mail,  can  be  obtained  by  remitting  81. 00,  bound 
copies  83.00,  to  Jno.  Lethem,  Empire  Publishing  Co.,  Charleston,  S.  C. 


Lucas  & Eichardson, 
Steam  Book  and  Job  Printers, 
62  East  Bay, 
Charleston,  S.  C. 


Parties  having  more  than  one  copy  of  this  work  will  by  judiciously  dis- 
posing of  the  extra  ones  greatly  oblige  subscribers  and  publishers. 


tU\r" 

CszrQ  . 


1/.  3 

PREFACE. 


The  general  desire  of  the  better  class  of  our  citizens  to  be  informed  with  regard 
to  the  social,  mercantile,  commercial  and  manufacturing  interests  of  our  country, 
the  material  and  moral  status  of  the  various  municipalities,  that  make  the  States, 
our  vast  ^National  territorial  extent,  the  distance  that  separates  producer  and  con- 
sumer, and  the  impracticability  to  universal  travel,  form,  in  our  judgment,  sufficient 
excuse  for  the  publication  of  this  work. 

The  publishers  have  spared  no  time  or  labor,  and  have  incurred  no  inconsider- 
able expense  in  procuring  the  fullest  and  most  correct  information  with  regard  to 
the  business  and  business  men,  the  origin  and  development  of  prominent  firms, 
institutions  and  corporations,  the  prominent  professional  men,  and  the  incum- 
bents of  the  more  important  public  officers,  city  and  national. 

In  the  general  articles  an  accurate  knowledge  will  be  imparted  with  refer- 
ence to  the  commercial,  manufacturing  and  agricultural  facilities  of  each  county 
and  the  advantages  of  the  towns  as  markets  for  the  purchase  of  supplies. 

The  detailed  sketches  of  the  prominent  business  concerns  and  information 
with  regard  to  the  leading  men.  professional  and  official,  exhibit  a degree  of 
active  endeavor  on  the  part  of  capital  and  enterprise  that  is  highly  worthy  of 
the  real  greatness  of  South  Carolina. 

In  thanking  our  subscribers  for- their  very  liberal  support,  which  has  enabled 
us  to  publish  over  a thousand  copies  more  than  was  originally  intended,  we 
pledge  ourselves  to  spare  no  money  in  giving  the  work  the  fullest  possible  cir- 
culation, not  only  in  the  Union,  but  in  European  countries,  from  which  we 
wish  to  draw  immigration,  and  hope  they  on  their  part  will  do  the  same. 

JNO.  LETHEM, 

General  Southern  Manager 

Empire  Publishing  Co. 


307440 


DILLING,  BAKER  & CO. 


SPARTANBURG,  S.  C. 


STATE  OF  SOUTH  CAROLINA 


STATE  MILITARY  ACADEMY. 

One  of  the  original  Thirteen  States  of  the  American  Union  lying  between  lat. 
32  deg.  and  35  deg.  10  min.  N.,  and  long.  78  deg.  25  min.  and  83  deg.  19  min.  W.,  has 
the  form  of  an  irregular  triangle,  with  the  coast  line  for  its  base  and  Georgia  and 
North  Carolina  for  its  converging  sides.  Its  extreme  length  from  Little  river  inlet 
on  the  east  to  Chattooga  river  on  the  west  is  about  215  miles,  and  its  greatest  breadth 
from  the  mouth  of  the  Savannah  river  on  the  south  to  the  North  Carolina  line  on 
the  north  about  210  miles;  area  about  34,000  square  miles.  It  is  bounded  N.  and  N. 
E.  by  North  Carolina,  S.  E.  by  the  Atlantic  ocean,  and  S.  IT.  by  Georgia,  from 
which  it  is  separated  bv  the  Savannah  river  and  its  upper  branches.  It  is  divided 
into  thirty-four  counties  (called  districts  prior  to  1868),  viz:  Abbeville,  Aiken,  An- 
derson, Barnwell,  Beaufort,  Berkeley,  Charleston,  Chester,  Chesterfield,  Clarendon, 
Colleton,  Darlington,  Edgefield,  Fairfield,  Georgetown,  Greenville,  Hampton,  Horry, 
Kershaw,  Lancaster,  Laurens,  Lexington,  Marion,  Marlboro’,  Newberry,  Oconee, 
Orangeburg,  Pickens,  Richland,  Spartanburg,  Sumter,  Union,  Williamsburg  and 
York.  The  metropolis  is  Charleston;  population  about  50,000,  27,000  colored  and 
23,000  whites.  The  capital  is  Columbia,  population  11,000  resident,  floating  estima- 
ted at  4,000  to  5,000.  The  chief  towns  are  Greenville,  Spartanburg,  Abbeville,  Sum- 
ter, Orangeburg,  Camden,  Newberry,  Pinion.  Anderson,  Georgetown,  Aiken,  Beau- 
fort, Winnsboro’,  and  less  important  towns  Rock  Hill,  Cheraw,  Chester,  Edgefield, 
Greenwood,  Laurens,  Pickensville,  Lancaster,  Marion,  Bennettsville,  Darlington, 
Kingstree,  Conwayboro’,  Walhalla,  Lexington,  York,  Manning,  Walterboro'  and 
Barnwell. 

The  population  in  1880  was  995,577;  whites  391,105,  colored  604,332.  For 
ninety  years  the  increase  of  the  white  and  colored  population  of  the  State  has  moved 
on  parallel  lines,  with  only  two  exceptions.  The  variable  element  in  each  of  these 
exceptions  has  been  the  slave  population,  which  in  1820  and  1860  diminished,  while 
the  white  and  free  colored  were  augmenting  their  rate  of  increase.  The  variations 
are  not  great,  and  were  probably  due  to  the  movement  of  slaves  in  larger  numbers  at 
these  dates  to  the  fresh  lands  of  the  southwest.  With  these  facts  as  they  presented 

307440 


H 


BtaTe  of  South  Carolina. 


themselves  in  1860,  it  is  remarkable  that,  in  view  of  the  uniformly  greater  rate  of 
increase  of  the  free  colored  population,  that  the  superintendent  of  the  seventh  census 
should  have  ventured  to  predict  the  disappearance  of  the  negro  race  as  the  probable 
consequence  of  emancipation.  It  is  noteworthy,  regarding  these  predictions,  made 
during  the  war,  that  while  the  white  population  in  1880  in  the  United  States  falls  15 
per  cent,  short  of  the  figures  it  was  thought  it  would  reach,  the  colored  population 
comes  within  \ per  cent,  of  the  number  it  was  estimated  at.  This  prediction  was 
based  on  the  estimate  that  the  colored  race  would  increase  at  the  rate  of  22.07  per 
cent,  in  each  decade,  a rate  of  increase  that  is  less  than  the  least  recorded  at  any 
date  for  the  aggregate  population  of  the  United  States.  Inasmuch  as  the  increase 
of  the  colored  race  has  fallen  short  in  the  last  two  decades  of  even  this  moderate 
figure,  the  fears  that  have  been  expressed  by  certain  scientific  writers  that  their  num- 
bers would  attain  proportions  threatening  the  supremacy  of  the  white  race  are  evi- 
dently without  foundation. 

The  wonderful  recuperation  in  the  rate  of  increase  of  the  population  of  South 
Carolina  within  the  last  decade,  after  seventy  years  of  steady  decline  in  that  rate, 
and  so  immediately  after  the  final  and  overwhelming  catastrophe  of  the  dec:  <]«■  of 
1860  to  1870,  makes  it  plain  that  the  limit  of  the  natural  resources  of  the  State  for 
sustaining  a large  population  has  not  only  not  been  reached,  but  that  these  resour- 
ces may  be  said  to  be  almost  untouched.  If  the  State  were  as  thickly  settled  as 
Rhode  Island  and  Massachusetts,  it  would  contain  a population  of  from  seven  to 
eight  millions,  a number  equal  to  the  population  of  the  entire  Union  in  lslt>.  al- 
most double  that  of  Australia,  now  paying  annually  $90,000,000  interest  on  loans  of 
English  capital  invested  there.  Meanwhile  10,000  square  miles  of  the  most  fertile 
region  of  Carolina  does  not  to-day  average  as  many  inhabitants  to  the  square  mile 
as  are  to  be  found  in  each  house  of  the  capital  of  Scotland.  Practically  therefore, 
the  natural  advantages  and  capacities  of  South  Carolina  may  be  said  to  be  unlimited. 
Whatever  her  future  increase  may  be,  it  will  suffer  no  let  or  hindrance  on  these 
accounts,  but  will  depend  upon  the  degree  in  which  she  can  succeed  in  establishing 
and  maintaining  cordial  relations  with  the  other  States  and  nations  of  Christendom. 
Freed  finally  and  forever  from  all  that  in  the  past  has  so  heavily  shackled  their 
intercourse  with  outsiders,  the  polity  of  her  people  has  taken  a new  and  vigorous 
departure;  they  have  thrown  their  gates  wide  open  to  all  comers,  and  here  we  would 
say  to  those,  happily,  isolated  communities,  where  a protective  commercial  policv  lias 
been  instituted,  that  as  they  advocate  a tariff  for  revenue  only  on  a national  plat- 
form, they  cannot,  on  principle,  enforce  a protective  tariff  in  the  State  or  munici- 
pal relations;  aid  and  welcome  is  extended  to  immigrants;  manufactures  are  en- 
couraged by  relieving  the  capital  invested  in  them  from  taxation,  and  their  tradi- 
tional doctrines  of  free  trade  would  admit  all  people  to  their  commerce. 

THE  GOVERNMENT 

Is  administered  under  the  constitution  adopted  in  1868,  which  provides  that  slavery 
shall  never  exist  in  the  State:  that  every  citizen  owes  paramount  allegiance  to  the  Uni- 
ted States;  that  the  State  shall  ever  remain  in  the  American  Union;  no  property  quali- 
fication shall  be  necessary  to  eligibility  to  office;  distinctions  on  account  of  race  or 
color  shall  be  prohibited  and  all  citizens  shall  enjoy  all  common,  public,  legal  and 
political  privileges;  no  debt  contracted  by  the  State  in  behalf  of  the  rebellion,  shall 
ever  be  paid;  presidential  electois  shall  be  elected  by  the  people:  the  distinctions 
between  actions  at  law  and  suits  in  equity  is  abolished.  The  right  of  suffrage  is 
bestowed  on  every  male  citizen  of  the  United  States  21  years  old  and  upwards. 'who 
has  resided  in  the  State  one  year,  and  in  the  county  where  he  has  offered  to  vote  <>o 
days  before  election.  Elections  are  by  ballot  and  a plurality  only  of  a vote  cast  is 
necessary  to  a choice.  Qualified  electors  who  acknowledge  the  existence  of  the  Su- 
preme Being  are  entitled  to  hold  office  with  unimportant  exceptions.  The  Legislative 
power  is  vested  in  a general  assembly,  consisting  of  a Senate,  composed  of  one  mem- 
ber from  each  county,  except  Charleston,  which  elects  two  senators,  and  a House  of 


State  or  South  Caroliha, 


&5 


124,  apportioned  among  the  counties  according  to  population.  The  Senators  hold 
office  for  four  years,  and  the  Representatives  for  two.  They  receive  $6.00  daily 
during  the  session  and  20  cents  a mile  for  travel  to  and  from  the  capital.  The  ses- 
sions are  annual,  beginning  on  the  fourth  Tuesday  of  November.  The  executive 
power  is  vested  in  a Governor  (annual  salary  $3,500”,  with  a furnished  residence)  and 
a Lieutenant-Governor  ($2,500)  ex-officio,  president  of  the  Senate,  who  hold  office  for 
two  years:  a Comptroller  General  ($3, 000).  Treasurer  ($2,500),  Secretary  of  State 
$3,000),  and  Attorney  General  ($3,000,  who  hold  office  four  years;  a Superintendent 
of  Education  and  an  Adjutant  and  Inspector  General.  These  officers  are  elected  by 
the  people;  the  Governor  and  Lieutenant  Governor  must  have  resided  two  years  in  the 
State.  The  Governor's  veto  may  be  overcome  by  a two-thirds  vote  of  the  legislature. 
The  judicial  power  is  invested  in  a supreme  court,  circuit  courts,  probate  courts, 
and  courts  of  justices  of  the  peace.  The  supreme  court  consists  of  a chief  and  two 
associate  justices,  elected  by  a joint  vote  of  the  two  houses  of  the  legislature  for  six 
years.  The  chief  justice  receives  an  annual  salary  of  $4,000  and  the  associates 
$3,500  each. 


FORT  SUMTER  IN  1865. 


The  State  is  divided  into  eight  circuits,  for  each  of  which  a judge  is  elected  by 
a joint  vote  of  the  Legislature  for  four  years;  each  receives  a salarv  of  $3,500  a year. 
The  Supi’eme  Court  has,  in  general,  appellate  jurisdiction  only.  The  Circuit 
Court  is  divided  into  Court  of  Common  Picas  and  Court  of  Sessions.  The  Courts 
of  Common  Pleas  have  exclusive  jurisdiction  in  matters  of  divorce,  exclusive 
original  jurisdiction  in  civil  cases  not  cognizable  by  Justices  of  the  Peace, 
and  appellate  jurisdiction  in  cases  provided  for  by  law.  The  Courts  of  Ses- 
sions have  exclusive  jurisdiction  in  criminal  cases  not  otherwise  provided 
for  by  law.  A Judge  of  Probate  is  elected  for  each  county  by  the  people  for 
two  years.  Trial  Justices  appointed  by  the  Governor  have  jurisdiction  of  civil 
cases,  where  the  amount  does  not  exceed  $100,  and  of  criminal  proceedings 
for  minor  offences.  A homestead,  not  exceeding  $1,000  in  value,  is  exempt  from 
sale  under  execution,  to  every  head  of  a family.  A poll  tax  not  exceeding  $1  may 
be  levied  for  school  purposes.  The  property  of  a married  woman  is  not  liable  for 
the  debts  of  her  husband,  and  she  may  deal  with  it  in  all  respects  as  if  unmarried. 
Before  the  adoption  of  the  present  Constitution  divorces  were  unknown  in  the 
State.  Divorces  are  now  granted  for  adultery,  or  desertion  for  two  years,  and  the 


26 


State  ok  South  Carolina. 


one  deserting  may  obtain  a divorce  if  the  desertion  is  justified  by  cruel  treatment, 
or  by  neglect  of  the  husband  to  provide  maintenance.  The  death  penalty  is  abolished 
except  in  the  case  of  wilful  murder.  Arson  and  rape  are  punishable  by  imprison- 
ment for  life  or  for  a period  not  less  than  ten  years;  the  penalty  of  manslaughter 
and  burglary  is  imprisonment  for  a period  not  exceeding  30  years.  The  legal  rate 
of  interest,  in  the  absence  of  agreement,  is  seven  per  cent,  but  any  rate  mav  be  con- 
tracted for.  A convention  to  revise  the  Constitution  may  be  called  by  a vote  of  the 
people,  the  question  having  been  submitted  to  them  by  a two-thirds  vote  of  each 
house  of  the  Legislature.  Specific  amendments  must  be  proposed  bv  two-thirds  of 
each  house,  voted  for  by  a majority  of  the  people  at  the  next  general  election,  and 
afterwards  ratified  by  a two-thirds  vote  of  each  House  of  the  next  General  Assem- 
bly. The  State  has  two  Senators  and  seven  Representatives  in  Congress,  and  has 
nine  votes  in  the  Electoral  College. 

The  first  attempt  to  colonize  the  territory  now  comprised  in  South  Carolina 
was  made  by  Jean  Ribalt,  a Frenchman.  The  province  of  Carolina  was  created  by 
Charles  II  in  1663.  The  first  permanent  settlement  was  made  on  the  banks  of  the 
Ashley  river  in  1670  by  English  colonists,  who  removed  in  1680  to  the  present  site 
of  Charleston.  Under  the  name  of  Carolina  both  the  present  States  of  North  and 
South  Carolina,  were  held  as  a proprietary  government  nominally  under  the  cele- 
brated model  constitution  prepared  by  Jno.  Locke,  till  July,  1729,  when  the  Kimr 
bought  out  the  proprietors  and  formed  the  two  royal  colonies  of  North  and  South 
Carolina.  In  1685  a large  number  of  Freuch  Huguenots  settled  in  South  Carolina, 
and  subsequently  there  were  considerable  settlements  of  Swiss,  Irish  and  German 
emigrants.  The  colony  at  various  times  suffered  severely  from  Indian  depredations, 
and  with  Georgia  was  engaged,  under  Oglethorpe,  in  a contest  with  the  Spanish 
settlements  in  Florida.  South  Carolina  was  the  scene  of  severe  warfare  durum  the 
Revolutionary  struggle,  hotly  contested  battles  being  fought  at  Fort  Moultrie, 
Charleston,  Camden,  King’s  Mountain,  Cowpens,  Eutaw  Springs,  etc.  The  British 
held  the  country  for  the  greater  part  of  the  years  1780-'81.  The  battle  of  Ee- 
taw  Springs,  September,  1781,  between  Gen.  Greene  and  Col.  Stuart,  in  which  both 
sides  claimed  the  victory,  was  the  last  engagement  of  any  importance  durum  the 
Revolution.  A State  constitution  was  first  adopted  on  26th  March,  1776;  the  con- 
stitution of  the  United  States  was  ratified  by  South  Carolina  on  23d  Mav.  1788. 
Immediately  after  the  Presidential  election  of  1832,  a convention  of  the  people  of 
South  Carolina  was  called  to  meet  at  Columbia,  to  take  action  on  the  high  tariff  of 
1828  and  1832.  The  convention  met  on  19tli  November,  unanimouslv  adopting  the 
“nullification  ordinance, ’’  which  pronounced  the  tariff  “null,  void'  and  no  law. 
nor  binding  on  this  State,  its  officers  and  citizens,”  and  prohibited  the  payment  of 
duties  on  imports  imposed  by  that  law  within  the  State  after  Februarv  1st  ensuiim. 
The  ordinance  contemplated  an  Act  of  the  Legislature  nullifying  the  tariff,  and  de- 
clared that  no  appeal  could  be  made  to  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States 
against  the  validity  of  such  Act.  It  was  also  declared  that  should  the  general  gov- 
ernment  attempt  to  enforce  the  law  thus  nullified,  or  to  interfere  with  the  foreign 
commerce  of  the  State,  the  people  of  South  Carolina  would  “hold  themselves  ab- 
solved from  all  further  obligation  to  maintain  or  preserve  their  political  connection 
with  the  people  of  the  other  States.”  This  action  was  approved  by  the  Governor. 
Robert  Y.  Hayne,  in  his  message  to  the  Legislature,  and  measures  were  adopted  bv 
that  body  to  give  practical  effect  to  the  ordinance. 

In  view  of  the  threatened  emergency.  President  Jackson  ordered  General  Scott 
to  Charleston,  for  the  purpose  of  “superintending  the  safety  of  the  ports  of  the 
United  States  in  that  vicinity,”  and  soon  after  the  meeting  of  Congress  in  Decem- 
ber, issued  a proclamation  in  which  he  held  that  nullification  was  treason  and  should 
be  punished  as  such.  During  the  session  of  this  Congress  the  compromise  tariff 
was  passed,  which  being  acceptable  to  South  Carolina,  the  course  threatened  bv 
that  State  was  not  pursued.  In  April,  1860,  the  South  Carolina  delegates  to  the 
National  Democratic  Convention  at  Charleston,  withdrew  from  that  bodv,  because 
the  Convention  did  not  expressly  deny  in  its  platform,  “the  power  either  of  the 


State  oe  South  Carolina. 


27 


Federal  Government  or  its  agent,  the  territorial  government,  to  abolish  or  legislate 
against  property  in  slaves  by  either  direct  or  indirect  legislation.”  South  Carolina 
was  the  first  of  the  Southern  States  to  institute  active  uneasiness  for  withdrawing 
from  the  Union  on  the  election  of  Lincoln,  and  the  first  to  pass  an  ordinance  of  se- 
cession. On  November  7,  1860,  an  Act  was  passed  by  the  Legislature  calling  a State 
Convention.  On  the  same  day  the  United  States  officials  in  Charleston  resigned, 
and  on  the  10th  the  South  Carolina  Senators  withdrew  from  the  United  States 
Senate.  An  election  of  delegates  having  been  held  on  December  6,  the  Convention 
assembled  in  Charleston  on  the  18th,  and  passed  the  ordinance  of  secession  on  the 
20th,  without  a dissenting  vote.  Commissioners  were  appointed  to  go  to  Washing- 
ton to  treat  with  President  Buchanan  for  the  possession  of  federal  property  within 
the  limits  of  South  Carolina,  while  others  were  sent  to  the  slave  holding  States  to 
invite  their  co-operation  in  the  formation  of  a Southern  Confederacy.  On  the  24th 
the  Representatives  in  Congress  withdrew  from  that  body,  and  on  the  same  day 
Governor  Pickens  proclaimed  the  dissolution  of  the  Union  between  South  Carolina 
and  the  other  States.  On  the  27th,  Fort  Moultrie  and  Castle  Pinckney  were  seized 
by  the  State.  The  bombardment  and  capture  of  Fort  Sumter,  April  12th  and  13th, 


CUSTOM :HOUSE,  CHARLESTON. 

by  General  Beauregard,  was  the  beginning  of  open  hostilities,  and  caused  great  ex- 
citement throughout  the  country.  The  ports  of  the  seceded  States  were  declared 
blockaded  by  President  Lincoln  on  April  19th.  Hilton  Head  and  Bay  Point  were 
captured  on  November  7th,  by  an  expedition  under  Admiral  Dnpont,  and  Gen.  G. 
T.  Sherman.  On  April  7th,  1863,  Admiral  Dupont  made  an  unsuccessful  attempt 
to  reduce  the  defenses  of  Charleston  Harbor,  losing  one  of  his  vessels  in  the  en- 
gagement. A land  attack  was  made  in  July  by  General  Q.  A.  Gilmore,  who  took 
possession  of  Morris  Island,  but  was  repulsed  with  great  loss  in  an  assault  upon 
Fort  Wagner.  That  work  was  reduced  by  bombardment  September  7,  and  shells 
were  thrown  into  the  city  itself. 

In  the  latter  part  of  January,  1865,  Gen.  W.  T.  Sherman’s  army  began  its  march 
from  Savannah  through  South  Carolina,  having  Goldsboro’,  N.  C.,  as  an  objective 
point  and  threatening  Charleston  and  Augusta  at  the  same  time.  Columbia  was  sur- 


28 


State  of  South  Carolina. 


rendered  on  February  17,  and  Charleston  and  all  its  defences  were  evacuated  on  the 
same  day.  Gen.  Sherman  resuming  his  march  from  Columbia  and  destroying  rail- 
roads, bridges,  etc.,  reached  C'heravv  on  the  Great  Pee  Dee,  March  3d,  whence  he 
moved  to  Fayetteville,  N.  C.  B.  F.  Perry  was  appointed  Provisional  Governor  of 
South  Carolina,  30th  June,  1865.  On  September  4 delegates  were  chosen  to  a Con- 
vention which  assembled  in  Columbia,  September  13,  repealed  the  Ordinance  of  Se- 
cession and  declared  slavery  abolished.  Jas.  L.  Orr  was  chosen  Governor  at  a gene- 
ral election  held  October  18.  At  the  same  time  a Legislature  was  elected  which  met 
before  the  close  of  the  month.  Governor  Orr  assumed  the  duties  of  his  office  on 
November  29,  but  it  was  not  till  December  25  that  the  Provisional  Governor  was  re- 
lieved and  the  authority  in  the  State  restored  to  the  officers  elected  by  the  people. 
This  government  continued  in  force  until  supplanted  by  the  military  government 
provided  by  Congress  in  March,  1867,  when  Gen.  Sickles  was  appointed  to  the  com- 
mand of  the  Second  Military  District,  embracing  North  and  South  Carolina.  He 
was  succeeded  in  the  beginning  of  September  by  Gen.  Canby.  A registration  of  vo- 
ters was  now  held  preliminary  to  an  election  to  ascertain  the  will  of  the  people  m 
reference  to  calling  a State  Convention  to  frame  a constitution  and  civil  govern- 
ment, and  78,982  colored  and  46,346  white  voters  were  registered.  At  the  election 
held,  November  19  and  20,  68,876  colored  and  130  white  persons  voted  for  a conven- 
tion and  2,081  whites  against  it.  Of  the  delegates  chosen  34  were  white  and  63  col- 
ored. The  convention  assembled  on  January  14.  1868.  and  adopted  a constitution 
which  was  ratified  by  the  people  April  14,  15  and  16  by  a vote  of  70,758  to  27.288. 
At  the  same  time  State  officers,  members  of  the  Legislature  (of  whom  85  were  col- 
ored and  72  white)  and  Representatives  to  Congress  were  chosen.  The  Legislature 
assembled  July  6,  and  on  the  9th  Governor  Scott  was  inaugurated.  The  State  be- 
came entitled  to  representation  in  Congress  by  the  ratification  (108  to  lo)  of  the 
fourteenth  amendment  to  the  Federal  Constitution,  and  reconstruction  was  practi- 
cally completed  by  the  withdrawal  of  the  military  authorities  on  the  13th.  The  fif- 
teenth amendment  to  the  Federal  Constitution  was  ratified  by  the  Legislature  on 
March  11,  1869,  by  a vote  of  18  to  1 in  the  Senate,  and  88  to  3 in  the  House.  At  the 
Presidential  election  in  1868,  62,916  votes  were  cast  for  Grant  (Republican)  and 
45,237  for  Seymour  (Democrat).  This  was  the  first  time  in  the  history  of  the  State 
that  the  people  had  voted  for  President  and  Vice-President:  previously  the  Presi- 
dential electors  were  chosen  by  the  Legislature. 

Du  ring  1868  and  subsequently  disorders  alleged  to  have  been  committed  by 
masked  outlaws  called  “Ku-Klux”  were  reported  in  this  State,  especially  in  the  north- 
western counties.  In  the  latter  part  of  1871  and  the  beginning  of  1872  numerous 
arrests  were  made  under  an  Act  of  Congress  for  the  suppression  of  these  outrages, 
and  many  persons  were  convicted  in  the  United  States  Courts  and  punished.  The 
franchising  of  the  negro  gave  to  the  Republican  party  the  control  of  the  govern- 
ment in  this  State.  These  slaves,  domesticated  to  the  most  paternal  government 
and  knowing  no  care  for  self,  were  overwhelmed  with  a condition  for  which  only  in- 
telligent humanity  is  fitted.  Freed  of  all  restraint,  moral,  religious  and  legal,  it 
was  not  strange  that  great  excesses  followed  the  transition  from  slavery  to  the  full 
rights  of  an  American  citizen.  Add  to  this  the  fanatical  false  teachings  of  political 
demagogues,  who  pandered  to  ignorance  to  gain  votes  for  office,  and  the  dark  pic- 
tures of  French  revolutions  pale  in  contrast.  Night  became  lurid  with  the  incendi- 
ary’s torch.  Every  man’s  hand  was  close  to  his  pistol.  Law  was  a myth.  Anarchy 
reigned.  For  seven  long,  dark  years  the  oppressor's  iron  hand  held  its  savage  grip. 
Nor  was  this  all.  The  dominant  party,  reckless  of  principle  and  anxious  only  for 
spoil,  upheld  the  ignorant  negro  while  the  white  man  was  prostrate.  Arms  and  am- 
munition were  freely  issued  by  the  General  Government  to  the  blacks,  and  so  anx- 
ious was  the  Republican  party  to  hold  the  State  of  South  Carolina,  that  the  quota 
of  arms  for  thirty  years  was  distributed  at  one  time.  Negro  legislators  and  officials 
were  cheek  by  jowl  with  Northern  thieves  and  adventurers,  until  the  State  was 
bound  like  Prometheus.  The  vultures  did  their  work  well.  The  inherent  power 
of  intelligence  asserted  itself  in  the  end.  The  white  men  bore  all,  but  waited.  In 


State  op  South  Carolina. 


29 


1876  Gen.  Hampton  came  to  the  front,  and  was  the  Palinurus  to  steer  the  tempest- 
tossed  ship  to  a haven  of  rest. 

The  State  of  South  Carolina  is  divided  into  two  grand  divisions,  the  “up- 
country,”  or  that  portion  above  Columbia,  and  the  “low-country,”  the  portion 
nearer  the  sea,  and  which  indeed  was  in  a late  geological  era,  covered  by  water. 
Under  five  parallel  minor  natural  heads,  the  State  has  been  further  divided  into 
(1,)  the  coast  region,  which  rarely  extends  more  than  10  miles  inland;  (2.)  the 
lower  pine  belt,  or  Savannah  region,  having  a width  of  some  50  miles:  (3.)  the 
upper  pine  belt,  or  the  central  cotton  belt,  is  covered  with  long-leaf  pine,  mixed 
with  oak  and  hickory;  (4,)  the  red  hills’  soil,  is  a rich  mixture  of  red  clay  and 
sand;  the  counties  of  Orangeburg  and  Sumter  are  in  it,  and  it  includes  some  of  the 
finest  soil  and  healthiest  climate  in  the  State;  (5.)  the  sand-hill  region , extends 
from  Aiken  to  Chesterfield  counties;  (6,)  the  Piedmont  region,  and  (7,)  the  Alpine 
region,  in  the  extreme  north-west. 


SOUTH  ROW  OF  COTTAGES  GLENN  SPRINGS.  See  page  175. 

THE  PIEDMONT  REGION. 

This  favored  section  of  country  of  South  Carolina,  coincides  very  nearly  with 
what  is  known  as  the  “upper  part”  of  the  State.  The  whole  of  the  counties 
of  Abbeville,  Anderson,  Newberry,  Union,  almost  the  whole  of  Greenville  and 
Spartanburg,  and  a portion  of  Kershaw  are  in  it.  Its  physical  features  entitle  it  to 
the  name  of  Piedmont,  for,  like  the  paradise  of  Italy,  it  is  sheltered  from  the  winds 
of  the  interior  of  the  continent  by  a high  Alpine  range — in  this  case  the  Blue  Ridge 
mountains.  Its  mean  elevation  above  the  sea  is  560  feet.  The  surface  of  the  coun- 
try resembles  a gently  undulating  plain,  which  becomes  more  rolling  as  it  approaches 


30 


State  of  South  Cakoliha. 


the  rivers  and  larger  streams,  and  is  finally  hilly  and  broken  above  the  bottoms  and 
narrow  low  grounds  through  which  the  numerous  water  courses  find  their  passage. 

While  the  general  rise  in  the  surface  is  less  than  that  in  the  low  country,  the 
rise  in  the  beds  of  the  streams,  owing  to  the  resistance  of  the  underlying  rock  which 
prevents,  the  water  from  deepening  the  channels,  is  much  greater.  The  average  fall 
per  mile  of  the  five  largest  rivers — the  Savannah,  Congaree,  Wateree,  Broad  and 
Catawba — in  this  region,  is  4^-  feet,  against  1^-  feet  per  mile  in  their  lower  courses. 
While  this  renders  the  upper  portion  of  these  rivers  difficult  for  ordinary  naviga- 
tion, it  adds  largely  to  their  availability  for  water  powers  for  moving  stationary  ma- 
chinery and  for  the  transport  of  rafts  of  logs,  by  which  method  the  timber  of 
mountain  forests  is  easily  and  quickly  conveyed  to  the  sea.  The  Savannah  river  is 
navigable  for  pole  boats,  carrying  50  bales  of  cotton,  154  miles  above  Augusta.  The 
Saluda  is  navigable  for  84  miles  above  Columbia,  the  Broad  for  113  miles  above 
the  same  city. 

The  rocks  of  this  region  are  a continuation  of  and  similar  to  those  of  Middle 
North  Carolina,  identified  by  the  geologist  of  that  State,  Professor  W.  C.  Kerr,  as 
belonging  to  the  Laurentian  and  Huronian  formations.  These  are  held  to  be  the 


wmmsmmk 

b5ttZ?NG  house  grr'. 


THE  SPRING,  GLENN  SPRINGS. 


most  ancient  of  rock  strata,  and  ante-date  the  unnumbered  ages  during  which  the 
varied  forms  of  plant  and  animal  life  have  succeeded  one  another  on  this  planet. 
Disclosing  themselves  no  undisputed  evidence  that  any  living  things  existed  at  the 
period  when  they  were  formed,  it  is  upon  their  flanks  and  largely  from  material  fur- 
nished by  their  disintegration  that  the  whole  series  of  formation  composing  the  sur- 
face of  the  earth,  and  marking  the  different  geological  eras  of  its  history,  has  been 
built  up.  The  prevalence  of  these  rocks  on  the  American  continent,  has  induced 
geologists  to  transpose  the  common  appellations  of  the  old  and  new  worlds,  proving 
beyond  a doubt,  that  the  continent  of  the  Ked  Indian  and  the  Aztec,  has  a history — 
could  it  tell  it — older  than  that  of  Asia.  In  South  Carolina  these  oldest  rocks  appear 
among  the  sands  of  the  tertiary — the  most  recent  geological  age.  The  records  of 
the  intervening  ages  have  disappeared,  and  the  stone  pages  upon  which  the  introduc- 
tory and  concluding  chapters  of  the  earth  s history  are  written,  here  lie  side  by  side. 


Siate  oe  South  Carolina. 


CLIMATE. 

The  short  seasons  and  lower  temperatures  of  the  Piedmont  region,  as  compared 
with  those  lying  immediately  south  of  it,  are  but  slightly  attributable  to  differences 
of  elevation  or  of  latitude,  these  differences  being  themselves  slight.  In  so  far  as  it 
obtains  its  results,  perhaps  from  greater  nearness  to  the  mountains,  and,  as  affect- 
ing agriculture,  still  more  to  the  heavier  clay  soils  and  subsoils,  more  retentive  of 
moisture,  and  therefore,  colder  and  later  in  spring  than  the  light,  sandy  loams  of 
the  lower  country.  Cotton  planting  is  about  ten  days  later, cotton  blooms  are  also  later, 
but  by  a lesser  period, and  the  same  may  be  said  of  the  opening  and  picking  season  of  the 
plant;  showing  that  with  a later  start,  it  grows  faster,  passing  through  more  rapid 
stages  to  maturity.  This  region  is  almost  identical  with  the  climate  of  the  south  of 
France  and  the  valleys  of  Switzerland,  so  much  sought  after  in  summer  by  residents 
living  further  south,  and  in  winter  by  the  inhabitants  of  colder  climates.  This  re- 
gion does  not  seem  to  be  affected  by  that  variableness  of  temperature  common  to  lo- 


RESIDENCE  OF  A PROMINENT  SOUTH  CAROUNIAN. 

calities  in  proximity  to  mountain  ridges.  This  is  shown  by  the  existence  of  isother- 
mal belts  in  various  sections,  wherein  there  is  a singular  exception  to  the  effects  of 
frosts.  On  Rich  Iiill,  in  Pacolet  township,  Spartanburg,  a ridge  of  six  miles  broad, 
between  the  Pacolet  and  Fair  Forest  rivers,  fruit  has  been  injured  by  late  frosts  but 
once  in  forty  years.  Localities  in  Pinion  and  the  vicinity  of  Paris  mountain  in 
Greenville  also  enjoy  this  immunity  in  nearly  the  same  degree.  The  average  rainfall 
in  the  region  is  52.34  in., varying  from  44.05  to  60.12.  In  point  of  healthfulness  the 
Piedmont  country  leaves  nothing  to  be  desired;  it  is  entirely  free  from  malarial  in- 
fluences, the  mosquito  is  unknown,  and  no  place  on  the  American  continent  offers 
greater  inducements  to  those  fleeing  from  the  rigors  of  winter  on  the  heat  of  sum- 
mer. Blessed  with  sunshine  and  showers  throughout  the  year,  there  is  just  winter 
enough  to  keep  the  insects  in  check,  while  the  pomegranate  and  fig  do  not  require  to 
be  sheltered.  Destructive  storms  of  wind,  rain  or  hail  never  occur  here.  In  our 
sketch  of  the  counties  we  have  noticed  in  detail  the  geology  and  mineralogy  of  this 
region. 


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Ipgp  Address  all  communications  to  the 

MAIN  OFFICE,  69  BROAD  STREET, 

CHARLESTON,  S.  C. 


BRANCH  OFFICES: 

LYNCHBURG,  VA.,  JACKSONVILLE,  FLA., 

ATLANTA,  GA.,  CHATTANOOCA,  and 

NASHVILLE,  TENN. 


MONTGOMERY,  ALA., 


GREENVILLE,  S.  C 


VIEW  OF  CITY  FltOM  UNIVERSITY  TOWER. 


Civilization  and  the  white  man  advanced  from  the  sea  coast  to  the 
interior  of  South  Carolina  very  slowly,  and  the  colony  had  been  established 
in  the  State  more  than  eighty  years  before  an  effort  was  made  to  settle  the 
present  Piedmont  section  with  white  people.  When  Charleston  was  an  im- 
portant city  with  a flourishing  commerce,  noble  church  buildings  and  great 
warehouses,  and  the  machinery  of  civilized  government  was  in  complete  and 
active  operation  over  a colony  containing  30,000  white  and  80,000  black 
people,  the  rolling  surface  of  the  territory  now  composing  Greenville  county, 
two  hundred  and  thirty  miles  inland,  was  an  unbroken  forest  of  large  oaks, 
chestnuts  and  hickories,  with  the  wide,  clean  spaces  between  their  massive 
trunks  unmarred  by  undergrowth,  and  crystal  with  thick  grass  and  pea  vines, 
on  which  deer  and  buffalo  fed  in  herds,  while  the  strong,  narrow  mountain 
streams  ran  swiftly  past  them,  to  acquire  broader  proportions  and  gentler 
movement  in  the  more  level  country  below  and  nourish  the  vast  meadows  of 
high  and  waving  cane  that  astonished  and  delighted  the  first  immigrants  sent 
from  the  coast  to  possess  them. 

The  mountain  country,  however,  was  not  destined  to  await  the  gradual 
process  of  natural  increase,  and  the  occasional  arrivals  of  bodies  of  immigrants 
slowly  filled  the  middle  and  low  countries  with  colonies  of  Jacobite 
Highlanders,  brought  over  after  Culloden,  Scotch-Irish,  Welsh,  French,  Pro- 
testants, Dutch  and  Germans.  After  the  defeat  of  Braddock  in  1755,  sturdy 
settlers  from  Pennsylvania  and  Virginia  came  along  the  mountain  ranges 
seeking  safety  from  French  and  Indian  vengeance,  settled  in  the  upper  por- 
tion of  North  and  South  Carolina  and  began  to  spread  their  settlements  on 
both  sides  of  the  mountain  range.  Until  1777,  however,  white  people  were 
few  and  widely  separated  in  Greenville  county.  The  trail  that  marked  the 
boundary  of  the  Cherokee  Indian  territory  ran  thirteen  miles  below  where  the 
city  of  Greenville  now  stands,  crossing  the  Enoree  River  where  the  Batesville 
and  Pelham  cotton  factories  now  utilize  its  unfailing,  impetuous  current.  The 
only  white  family  known  to  have  lived  above  this  line  at  that  time  was  that  of 
Paris,  a Scotchman,  who  had  a trading  station  where  Greenville  city  now 
stands,  his  log  house  being  somewhere  east  of  the  present  Main  street,  and  a 
small  mill  on  the  Reedy  River  about  on  the  present  site  of  the  coach  factory. 


50 


City  of  Greenville. 


He  gave  Mir  is  Mountain,  three  miles  above  Greenville,  its  name.  Being  a 
Tory,  he  escaped  molestation  from  the  Indians,  who  in  1776  sided  with  the 
British  Government,  stimulated,  no  doubt,  by  the  many  petty  independent 
feuds  and  occasional  small  skirmishes  they  had  with  the  white  people  settled 
near  the  line,  and  committed  many  outrages,  including  the  murder  of  An- 
thony Hampton — great-grandfather  of'  the  present  United  States  Senator — 
and  iiis  family.  The  Hamptons  were  settled  just  below  the  boundaries  of  the 
Indian  territory,  near  where  the  line  dividing  Greenville  and  Spartanburg 
counties  now  runs. 

In  1777  a decisive  battle  between  the  South  Carolina  militia  and  In- 
dians, known  in  local  tradition  as  “the  ring  fight"  from  the  fact  that  the 
white  men  surrounded  the  Indians,  forming  a ‘■'ring"  around  them,  was 
fought  in  Pickens  county.  The  Cherokees  were  defeated  and  compelled  to 
surrender  all  the  land  belonging  to  them  within  the  present  limits  of  (irecn- 
ville,  Pickens,  Anderson.  Oconee  atyl  Spartanburg  counties: 

During  the  war  of  Revolution  the  increase  of  population  bv  immigration 
continued  slowly,  the  recruits  coming  chiefly  from  Virginia  and  \orth  Caro- 
lina. 'The  people  were  generally  loyal  Whigs  and  many  good  fighting  men 
were  sent  from  among  them  to  join  the  Continental  armies  and  partisan  hands 
in  the  low  country,  and  northward  where  the  war  was  actively  prosecuted. 
The  actual  fighting  in  Greenville  district,  however,  was  confined  to  what  is 
now  called  “bushwhacking"  and  occasional  irregular  forays  mi  hostile  neigh- 
borhoods by  the  adherents  of  King  George  or  the  Republic,  Tories  and  Whig' 
hunting  and  harrying  each  other  relentlessly  as  force  was  acquired  or  oppor- 
tunity found.  The  hills  and  streams  of  the  country  forbade  the  evolutions  of 
armies  and  the  scanty  population  and  tillage  offered  no  inducements  for  inva- 
sions or  contention. 

When  the  Revolution  had  ended  and  peace  was  restored,  new  inhabitants 
poured  into  Greenville  rapidly  from  both  sides.  Virginians  and  North  Caro- 
linians coming  in  over  the  mountains  and  Irish  and  natives  pushing  their  set- 
tlements upward  from  the  low  country.  The  town  of  Greenville  came  into  ex- 
istence with  the  name  of  Pleasautboro'  which  was  changed  to  the  present  cog- 
nomen in  1831,  and  became  the  trading  station  for  a considerable  territory. 
It  also  acquired  importance  frorq  irs  location  on  the  thoroughfare  between  the 
coast  and  mountains,  many  of  the  wealthy  people  of  Charleston  and  South 
Carolina  having  established  summer  homes  in  favorable  places  in  the  Blue 
Ridge  and  going  to  them  regularly  at  the  approach  of  warm  weather,  return- 
ing in  the  fall,  and  traveling  both  ways  in  private  conveyances  or  the  stage 
coaches  of. the  time.  Greenville.was  a resting  place  for  these  travelers,  and 
furnished  then  as  now  a climate  free  alike  from  the  dampness  and  cold  char- 
acterizing  the  higher  latitudes  in  the  early  spring  and  late  autumn  and  the 
heat  of  the  low  country.  It  was  the  custom  to  stop  in  the  town  for  a week  or 
two  on  the  journeys  to  and  from  the  summer  habitations. 

Despite  these  advantages,  and  its  possession  of  the  court-house  of  the  dis- 
trict of  Greenville,  the  growth  of  the  village  was  slow,  and  in  18‘14  it  did  not 
possess  more  than  450  inhabitants.  It  was  far  “in  the  backwoods."  and  ' dur- 
ing the  rains  of  winter  visitors  were  rare.  Its  trade  consisted  to  a great  ex- 
tent of  barter.  The  original  staple  of  the  surrounding  country  was  tobacco, 
knowledge  of  which  the  Virginia  and  North  Carolina  planters  brought  with 
them,  but  it  gave  place  to  corn,  wheat,  oats  and  cotton,  the  latter  being  for  a 
long  time  grown  only  in  small  quantities.  The  tobacco  was  hauled  to 
Charleston,  but  subsequently  all  of  the  surplus  crop  of  produce  was  hauled  t>> 
Augusta.  150  miles  away,  and  disposed  of  there,  the  trip  usually  requiring 
some  weeks  and  involving  prolonged  periods  of  camping.  'The  merchants  in 
the  town  purchased  their  stocks  of  goods  in  New  York,  had  them  shipped  to 
Augusta  hv> water,  and  hauled  them  from  that  city. 

The  first  cotton  factory  in  the  county,  and  probably  the  first  in  the  State, 


State  of  South  Cakolixa. 


5L 


was  established  at  Batesville,  twelve  miles  below  Green ville,  between  1830  and 
1840,  but  its  business,  for  a long  time,  was  confined  to  supplementing  the 
deficiencies  of  the  neighborhood’s  spinning  wheels. 

The  proportion  of  slaves  in  the  county  was  comparati  vely  small  and  there 
was  little  wealth.  The  people,  isolated  as  they  were  from  the  outside  world, 
were  thrifty,  sober  and  peaceful,  making  for  themselves  almost  everything 
they  ate  or  wore,  having  usually  an  abundance  to  supply  their  simple  wants, 
and  acquiring  and  desiring  little  more.  The  religious  element  was  always 
predominant,  and  Baptists  and  Methodists  were  numerous,  while  the  Scotch 
and  Scotch- Irish  settlers,  adhering  to  their  faith  with  characteristic  tenacity, 
established  strong  and  flourishing  Presbyterian  congregations  in  several  places. 
Educational  facilities  were  not  good,  but  most  of  the  boys  and  girls,  except 
those  in  the  innermost  mountain  sections,  acquired  a knowledge  of  the  three 
IPs  at  least,  and  the  population  was  an  intelligent  one. 

In  1858  the  Greenville  & Columbia  Railroad  was  completed  to  Greenville, 
the  people  of  the  town  and  county  aiding  its  construction  and  guiding  its  di- 
rection to  their  own  advantage  with  the  energy,  enterprise  and  shrewdness 
that  have  governed  their  operations  ever  since.  The  town  immediately  woke 
to  new  life.  Being  the  terminus  of  the  comparatively  expeditious  and  direct 
means  of  communication  and  transportation  to  and  from  deep  water,  it  soon 
became  the  metropolis  of  the  section  and  its  trade  quickly  extended  on  all 
sides,  reaching  far  over  the  mountains  into  North  Carolina. 

CIVIL  WAR. 

In  18(50  the  war  excitement  began.  Greenville  county  was  always  a 
stronghold  of  the  Union  party,  audits  people  staunchly  supported  the  Hon. 
B.  F.  Perry  in  the  persistent  and  gallant  tight  he  made  for  years  against 
almost  the  entire  State,  which  sustained  the  principle  and  policy  of  secession. 
Nevertheless,  when  war  was  begun  the  mountaineers  were  not  backward  in 
defending  their  State,  and  Greenville  county  sent  strong  forces  of  infantry, 
artillery  and  cavalry  to  the  Confederate  armies.  Her  voters  in  1860  num- 
bered about  '1.20n.  and  she  furnished  more  than  2,500  soldiers.  V hen  the 
old  and  disabled  voters  are  subtracted  from  the  count,  it  will  be  understood 
how  many  of  the  boys  between  16  and  21  years  old  went  to  wear  the  gray  and 
carry  muskets  and  how  few  the  able-bodied  men  left  at  home  were.  The 
quality  of  these  soldiers  as  fighters  was  illustrated  by  the  Sixteenth  Regiment, 
which  consisted  entirely  of  Greenville  men  who  went  out  the  second  year  of 
the  war,  most  of  whom  were  of  middle  age.  This  regiment,  during  the 
battle  of  Franklin,  late  in  the  evening”  charged  a Federal  breastwork.  Unable 
to  get  over  it.  the  men  clung  to  the  foot  of  it  during  the  entire  night,  some 
of  them  sleeping  there,  while  their  comrades  fired  at  the  Federal  troops  by 
poking  the  muzzles  of  their  guns  over  the  work,  because  no  man  could  show 
himself  at  the  top  and  live."  The  regiment  went  over  in  the  morning  and 
completed  the  capture,  after  fighting  for  it  for  twelve  hours. 

SINCE  THE  WAR. 

The  town  and  county  recuperated  rapidly  after  the  war,  despite  the  num- 
bers of  their  men  left  on  the  battle  fields  and  sent  home  maimed  in  person 
and  crippled  in  fortune.  The  returned  soldiers  quietly,  promptly  and  pa- 
tiently took  their  places  between  their  plow  handles.  Slaves  had  not  com- 
posed the  bulk  of  the  wealth  or  been  depended  on  entirely  for  labor.  The 
lands  were  good  and  readv,  and  the  white  men  knew  how  to  work,  and  were 
in  a majority  sufficient  to  avoid  the  disturbances  incident  to  evenly  balanced 
or  proportionately  excessive  colored  population  during  the  reconstruction 
period.  The  use  of  commercial  fertilizers  was  begun  and  cotton  planting 
engaged  in  generally  and  successfully.  Every  new  enterprise  received  the 


52 


City  of  Greenville, 


united  aid  of  the  people;  strangers  were  welcomed  and  encouraged  and  en- 
ergetic hands  and  strong  arms  effaced  all  the  external  scars  of  war.  Cotton 
factories  and  other  manufacturing  enterprises  were  developed,  busy  people 
strove  to  extend  trade  and  develop  the  resources  of  the  country,  and  the  town 
was  given  the  impetus  it  has  never  lost  and  fairly  started  on  its  wonderful 
career  of  growth,  improvement  and  acquisition. 

In  1874  the  Charlotte  & Atlanta  Air  Line  Railroad  was  completed.  Green- 
ville being  at  its  point  of  intersection  with  the  Columbia  & Greenville  Road, 
and  the  city  increased  her  speed  and  attained  a growth  superior  to  that  of 
any  in  the  South.  Here  are  the  figures  from  the  census  returns  and  they 
tell  the  story: 


City  population  in  1860 1.815 

“ “ 1870 2,757 

“ “ 1880 6,160 

“ “ 1883. 8,355 

Increase  from  1870  to  1880,  10  years 13.1  per  cent. 

Increase  from  1880  to  1883,  3 years 11.0  “ 

Population  of  county,  1860 21.892 

“ “ 1870 22,262 

“ “ 1880 37,496 


Males 18,513  White 22,983 

Females 18,983  Colored 14,513 

Greenville  is  1,050  feet  above  the  sea  level  and  is  noted  for  its  health- 
fulness. 


STREETS  AND  BUILDINGS. 

The  streets  are  partially  paved  with  granite  rock  and  brick  pavement, 
and  thoroughly  graded.  There  are  two  miles  of  street  railway  in  the  town. 
Reedy  River,  with  two  falls  of  30  feet  each,  traverses  the  town,  which  lias  in 
addition  25  street  cisterns,  capacity  about  15,000  gallons  each.  Rock  culverts 
as  drains,  with  side  drains  of  terra  cotta,  make  a good  system  of  drainage  and 
sewerage.  There  are  six  hotels  and  several  well-stocked  livery  stables.  The 
handsome  brick  Court-house  cost  825.000.  The  Theatre,  or  Opera  Hall, 
usually  open  about  twice  a week  during  the  season,  cost  815.000.  There  are 
one  daily  and  three  weekly  newspapers.  The  University  grounds  are  well 
kept,  and  the  Agricultural  Fair  Grounds  covering  30  acres,  have  some  fine 
buildings.  There  are  Baptist,  Methodist,  Episcopal,  Presbyterian  and 
Catholic  white  churches,  and  Presbyterian,  Baptist,  Methodist  and  African 
Methodist  churches  for  colored  people,  all  well  supported  and  attended,  with 
a seating  capacity  of  300  to  1,000  each,  and  costing  in  the  aggregate  885.0o<i. 
The  Baptist  denomination  is  the  strongest. 

HER  EDUCATIONAL  FACILITIES 

Are  not  surpassed  in  the  State.  The  Greenville  Female  College,  one  of  the 
largest  and  most  complete  in  the  South,  Furman  University,  the  Greenville 
Military  Institute  and  the  Greenville  Conservatory  of  Music  are  all  in  the 
city,  and  each  is  fully  provided  with  teachers  of  a high  class,  and  ample  facili- 
ties, and  enjoy  a large  local  and  general  patronage.  There  are  excellent 
public  schools  for  white  and  colored  children,  and  many  excellent  private 
schools. 

No  city  has  a higher 


State  of  South  Carolina 


53 


STANDARD  OP  MORALITY. 

Public  gaming  houses  and  disreputable  resorts  are  rigidly  suppressed  by  an 
excellent  and  well  organized  police  force.  In  a recent  election,  under  the 
local  option  law,  a proposed  prohibition  of  liquor  selling  was  defeated  by  a 
decisive  majority,  but  the  saloons  are  so  well  ordered  that  they  are  productive 
of  little  crime.  Frequently  a week  elapses  without  any  business  for  the 
Mayor’s  court,  and  offences  beyond  petty  larcenies  and  trivial  fisticuffs  are 
rare.  Two  homicides  have  occurred  in  the  city  in  the  last  four  years,  the 
murderers  and  victims  in  each  case  being  colored,  and  punishment  was  prompt 
and  adequate. 

FIRE  DEPARTMENT. 

The  city  is  protected  against  fire  by  a volunteer  department  numbering 
235  able  bodied  men,  equipped  with  a powerful  steam  fire  engine,  with  horses 
and  all  the  modern  improvements,  a hook  and  ladder  truck  and  two  first-class 


BAPTIST  CHURCH. 

hand  engines.  The  hand  engines  are  manned  and  officered  by  colored  fire- 
men whose  efficiency  lias  been  so  frequently  and  satisfactorily  tested  as  to  be 
beyond  doubt.  Water  for  fire  purposss  is  obtained  from  a number  of  large 
fire  cisterns  and  the  Reedy  River,  which  divides  the  city  into  two  halves, 
“ West  End  ” and  “ East  Side.”  An  abundance  of  pure,  cold  water  for  other 
purposes  is  supplied  by  wells,  being  invariably  found  at  depths  of  30  to  60  feet, 

WATER  WORKS. 

Some  streams  in  the  vicinity  afford  very  easy  facilities  for  the  establish- 
ment of  water  works  at  small  expense;  not  only  is  the  water  very  fresh  and 


5 4 


City  of  Greexville. 


pure,  and  the  supply  winter  and  summer  sufficient  for  a population  many 
times  greater  than  that  of  Greenville,  but  the  proximity  of  the  streams  and  the 
height  that  they  could  be  tapped  above  the  highest  houses  of  the  city  would 
make  a waterworks  a simple  and  profitable  matter.  The  ground  has  been  sur- 
veyed, and  experts  have  pronounced  the  conditions  most  favorable,  and  capital 
will  no  doubt  soon  be  forthcoming. 

The  corporate  limits  extend  one  mile  and  a fourth  in  every  direction  from 
the  centre  of  the  city,  and  it  is  the  general  habit  of  the  people  to  have  their 
residences  in  large  lots,  with  room  for  lawns,  flower  gardens  or  vegetable  gar- 
dens as  taste  or  circumstances  mav  suggest.  Most  of  the  broad  streets  have 
rows  of  trees  on  both  sides  after  the  Southern  fashion,  and  when  time  bring- 
all  the  growth  in  the  new  portion  to  maturity  Greenville  will  be  undoubtedly 
one  of  the  most  beautiful  cities  in  the  country.  The  majority  of  the  build- 


MAYOK  I OWN  I S.  (See  article  Hovey  A:  Townes.) 


nigs  away  from  Main  street,  where  only  brick  is  permitted,  arc  of  wood,  the 
cottage  style  being  the  favorite  one,  but  the  tendency  to  build  residences  of 
brick  has  recently  become  marked,  several  such  having  been  erected  during 
the  past  year.  Real  estate  has  appreciated  in  value  several  hundred  per  cent. 

during  the  last  five  years,  but  eligible  building  sites  may  be  obtained  at  

1400  to  $1,500,  prices  depending  on  location.  There  are  no  vacant  lots  at 
present  in  the  main  business  section,  but  the  completion  of  some  large  brick 
blocks  now  building  will  probably  give  abundant  room  for  new  mercantile 
enterprises  at  reasonable  rents  within  the  next  few  months.  There  are  proba- 
bly not  half  a dozen  vacant  dwelling  houses  in  Greenville,  but  good,  perma- 
nent tenants  can  always  secure  the-  erection  of  dwellings,  the  rents  of  which 
range  from  $12.50  to  $30  a month.  Rents  of  business  places  range  from  *:!<»•• 
to  $900  a year.  The  best  board,  with  lodging,  is  $25  a month:  table  hoard 
from  $3  to  $15.  The  average  cost  of  board  and  lodging  i-  probably  *|i;  pci- 
month.  Provisions  are  cheap  and  usually  abundant,  and  fruits  in  their  respec- 
tive seasons  plentiful  and  of  the  finest  quality. 

The  lack  that  existed  until  very  recently  of  regulations  for  recording 
buildings,  makes  an  accurate  estimate  of  the  building  operations  of  the  < ■ i t \ 
impossible.  It  is  within  the  limits  of  truth  to  say.  however,  that  then  has 
not  been  a day  in  the  last  five  years  on  which  there  was  not  somewhere  from 
five  to  twenty  buildings  in  course  of  erection,  and  such  operations  are  not 
delayed  except  by  the  weather. 


State  oe  South  Caeolika. 


OO 


HEALTH. 

Until  very  recently  tliere  have  been  no  regulations  for  the  record  of  births, 
deaths  and  marriages.  The  following  statistics  collected  by  the  newly  organ- 
ized Board  of  Health,  however,  probably  gives,  a very  correct  idea  of  the 
average : 

Deaths.  Births. 


May,  1884 8 

June,  1884. 9 


Of  these  deaths,  three  were  legal  exceptions  and  one  a railroad  accident. 
Hone  of  them  were  from  contagious  or  infectious  diseases. 

This  shows  the  annual  rate  of  natural  deaths  computed  on  two  of  the 
summer  months,  to  be  about  10  to  the  1.000  of  population. 

There  are  no  prevailing  diseases.  Cases  of  typhoid  fever  occasionally 
occur  during  the  summer  months,  but  they  are  not  frequent  or  usually  fatal. 
The  thermometer  ranges  from  about  20  degrees  in  winter  to  95  in  summer, 
those  extremes  being  reached  perhaps  once  during  each  season.  The  city  lias 
a considerable  reputation  as  a health  resort,  its  dry  and  bracing  climate  and 
almost  invariably  cool  and  pleasant  nights  during  the  Summer  making  it 
suitable  for  persons  physically  enervated  or  suffering  from  diseases  of  the 
lungs  or  throat. 

JOBBING  AND  RETAIL  TRADE. 

Greenville’s  most  important  interest  is  the  mercantile.  She  does  an  exten- 
sive business  with  the  people  of  Greenville.  Spartanburg,  Laurens,  Pickens 
and  Anderson  Counties.  In  1880  her  cotton  receipts  were  34,000  bales.  They 
are  something  less  now  probably,  even  in  equally  good  crop  years,  the  estab- 
lishment of  new  factories  in  her  immediate  neighborhood  having  lessened  the 
number  of  bales  brought  to  her  market  without  sensibly  diminishing  her  busi- 
ness, inasmuch  as  the  money  paid  out  at  these  factories  for  cotton  reaches 
Greenville  either  through  the  farmers  who  sell,  or  through  the  merchants  in 
the  factory  towns,  the  jobbing  trade  of  the  city  being  enterprising,  strong  and 
alert  to  hold  its  legitimate  territory  and  enlarge  its  boundaries.  Major  Harry 
Hammond's  valuable  “ Hand  Book  of  South  Carolina,”  to  which  the  writer 
of  this  is  indebted  for  valuable  material,  states  that  Greenville  city  had,  in 
1883,  149  stores.  It  would  be  safe  to  state  the  number  now  at  160,  including 
17  barrooms,  the  others  trading  in  hardware,  dry  goods,  groceries  and  general 
merchandise.  The  yearly  sales  from  this  point  approximate:  provisions, 
$800,000;  dry  goods,  $800,000;  hardware,  $300,000. 

There  is  one  National  Bank,  with  a capital  of  $100,000.  Another  is 
being  organized. 

The  next  in  importance  is  the 

MANUFACTURING  1 NTEREST. 

which  promises  to  eclipse  all  others.  There  are  now  in  the  city: 

✓Huguenot  Plaid  Mills,  employing  80  hands;  capital  $50,000. 

' Taylor  &•  Bros.  Furniture  Factory,  employing  10  hands;  capital  $10,000. 

Two  large  Foundries. 

One  Coach  Factory,  employing  50  hands. 

.Greenville  Cotton  Seed  Oil  Mill. 

-^Greenville  Ice  Factory. 

Camperdown  Cotton  Factory. 

Shumate,  'Grady  & Nicliolls,  sash,  blinds,  doors  and  general  building 
material,  employing  :15  hands. 

Mattress  Factory. 


56 


City  of  Greenville, 


All  these,  except  the  Camperdown  mills,  the  Coach  Factory  and  one  of  the 
foundries,  have  been  started  within  the  last  three  years.  There  are  two  tan- 
neries, five  brick  yards  and  the  usual  blacksmith  'and  repair  shops.  A fruit 
canning  factory  will  be  in  operation  by  next  spring.  J.  \V.  Cagle,  in  addition 
to  his  business  as  contractor  and  builder,  conducts  an  extensive  planing  mill. 
There  are  eight  cotton  factories  in  Greenville  county,  and  a paper  mill  near 
city,  and  the  usual  supply  of  flour  and  gristmills,  sawmills,  etc.  The  manu- 
facture of  medicines  is  assuming  very  considerable  and  constantly  increasing 
proportions,  headed  by  the  enterprising  house  of  Westmoreland  Bros. 

GRAPE-GROWING,  HORTICULTURE,  ETC. 

Grape-growing  and  wine-making  also  promises  to  become  important. 
Five  large  vineyards  and  cellars  are  immediately  around  the  city.  One  of 
these  contains  over  100  acres  in  grapes,  and  has  been  planted  and  prepared  for 
the  extensive  manufacture  of  wine  at  a cost  of  $20,000,  by  an  enterprising 
Frenchman,  who  found  the  soil  and  climate  here  the  best  adapted  for  his 
business,  after  traveling  in  every  part  of  the  Union.  He  has  put  his  money 
down  to  say  so. 

Considerable  capital  is  invested  in  the  breeding  of  German  carp,  a num- 
ber of  ponds  having  been  built  near  the  city  and  stocked  with  them. 

Toe  two  enterprises  now  (July,  1884.)  receiving  the  attention  of  the  rest- 
less and  ever  pushing  Greenville  people  are  the  building  and  extension  of  the 
Greenville  and  Laurens  Railroad,  and  the  organization  of  the  Pied- 
mont Fair  Association.  Greenville  city  and  county  and  Laurens  count  v 
have  subscribed  $150,000  with  which  a railroad  is  now  being  graded  from 
Greenville  to  Laurens  C.  H.,  a distance  of  36  miles.  At  Laurens  C.  H.  it 
will  meet  the  Laurens  branch  of  the  Columbia  and  Greenville  Railroad,  run- 
ning to  Newberry,  and  the  Augusta,  Greenwood  and  Spartanburg  Road,  con- 
trolled by  the  Central  Railroad  of  Georgia  and  running  to  Augusta.  It  is 
proposed  to  extend  the  Greenville  and  Laurens  Railroad  from  Greenville  over 
the  mountains  to  Asheville,  N.  C.,  where  it  will  connect  with  the  Western 
system  forming  the  only  direct  line  between  the  South  Carolina  and  Georgia 
coast  and  the  great  Northwest.  The  Greenville  and  Laurens  Road  is  a cer- 
tainty, as  it  is  now  being  graded  and  the  money  is  in  hand  to  complete  it.  The 
extension  is  virtually  a certainty,  as  the  route  over  the  mountains  has  been 
surveyed,  showing  a maximum  grade  of  only  68  feet  to  the  mile,  and  the 
Greenville  people  have  set  their  heads,  and  are  ready  to  set  $200,000  of  their 
money  on  it.  At  any  rate,  a new  boom  is  confidently  and  justly  expected  to 
result  from  the  Greenville  and  Laurens  Road. 

The  Piedmont  Fair  is  about  organized,  and  will  probably  give  its  first 
exhibition  this  fall.  It  is  an  extension  of  the  annual  Greenville  Fairs,  which 
have  been  exceedingly  successful,  to  include  the  **  Piedmont  region"  coun- 
ties of  Greenville,  Anderson,  Spartanburg,  Pickens,  Oconee.  Laurens,  Union, 
Newberry  and  Abbeville  in  a grand  annual  agricultural  and  mechanical  fair  to 
be  given  at  Greenville.  The  counties  interested  have  responded  freely.  The 
Greenville  fair  grounds  contain  62  acres,  and  will  be  provided  with  all  the 
necessary  buildings  and  the  finest  mile  track  in  the  State:  are  partly  within 
the  corporate  limits  of  the  city,  and  are  bordered  by  the  new  railroad. 

Greenville’s  real  and  personal  property  is  valued  at  $2,500,000.  of  which 
$1,800,000  is  insured;  her  municipal  debt  is  $75,000,  contracted  in  aiding 
railroads;  her  municipal  tax  rate  is  74  mills;  her  politics  straight  Democratic 
by  a large  majority;  her  population  cosmopolitan,  gathered  and  welcomed 
from  all  quarters,  and  almost  universally  well  to  do,  for  which  there  is  not  a 
great  deal  of  wealth,  it  is  widely  distributed.  The  present  inhabitants  are 
almost  all  new-comers,  there  being  but  two  people  in  the  city  now  who  were 
residents  in  1830,  but  the  sturdy  morality  and  high  standards  of  the  place  have 
been  strong  enough  to  control  always,  and  a more  orderly,  law-abiding  and 


State  op  South  Cakolina. 


5? 


religious  population  does  not  exist.  With  the  hospitality  and  kindliness  of 
the  country,  the  pluck,  energy,  and  ’keenness  of  the  city  have  been  assimilated. 
The  loafer,  the  rowdy,  the  sluggard  and  the  incompetent  have  to  get  out  of 
the  way  in  Greenville;  but  the  people  are  quick  to  recognize  industry,  brains 
and  integrity,  and  the  man  who  has  them,  and  proves  it.  needs  no  other  letter 
of  introduction  or  capital,  and  will  never  lack  good  and  potent  friends.  The 
bulk  of  the  population  is  American,  the  preponderance  from  different  States 
of  the  South,  but  there  is  a large  infusion  of  Northern  and  Western  people, 
and  a considerable  proportion  of  thrifty  and  prosperous  Germans  and  Irish. 
All  pull  together  for  Greenville. 


CITY  HALL. 


“ Surrounded  by  a magnificent  grain  and  cotton  country,  peopled  by  a 
brave,  thrifty,  intelligent  and  rapidly  increasing  population  of  farmers,  among 
whom  new  and  improved  methods  and  implements  and  stock  are  going  faster 
and  further  every  year;  with  the  mountains  and  their  almost  inexhaustible 
forests  behind  her,  and  rushing  water  powers  all  about  her;  with  fine  rail- 
road facilities  already  provided  and  better  in  the  near  future;  with  a delight- 
ful and  healthful  climate,  an  established  reputation  as  an  important  manu- 
facturing and  commercial  point,  and  a pushing,  driving,  thoroughly  business- 
like population,  Greenville  is  going  ahead  swiftly  and  surely,  and  promises  to 
eclipse  even  her  phenominal  progress  in  the  past.  It  is  a very  exceptional 
Greenvillian  who  considers  what  the  city  has  done,  and  what  advantages  she 
has,  and  refuses  to  believe  that  in  1894  she  will  contain  25,000  people,  and  be 
the  commercial,  manufacturing  and  educational  metropolis  of  this  entire 
section,  from  beyond  the  mountains  to  the  middle  country,  from  the  North 
Carolina  line  to  Georgia.” 

GREENVILLE  COUNTY  STATISTICS-MANUFACTURES,  1884. 


Capital  Value  annual  Hands 
No.  employed.  product.  employed. 

Cotton  mills 8 $929,900  $2,420,020  l,2i5 

Flour  and  grist  mills 98  159,600  161,200  140 

Foundries  and  machine  ®ops.  2 10,000  25,000  .... 

Lumber  mills 64  96,000  170,350  188 

Other  manufactures 16  142,000  190.455  .... 


Total 188  1,338,200  2,967,025 


58 


City  of  Greenville, 


The  cotton  mills  consume  10,000,000  pounds  lint,  produce  8,411.000 
pounds  yarn,  and  12. 500.066  yards  of  cloth:  spindles,  48.000;  looms,  820: 
hands  employed,  424  males.  114  females,  11  colored:  total.  1,215. 

Tlie  Hour  and  grist  mills  produce  the  ordinary  qualities  of  flour,  meal 
and  grist;  rate  of  toll,  one-tenth. 

The  lumber  mills  do  a local  business  only. 

There  are  tive  tanneries  in  the  county,  producing  kid,  calf-skin,  uppers 
and  harness  leathers,  which  are  mostly  sold  in  the  rough  in  home  and  Northern 
markets.  Capital  employed,  $36,000;  annual  product,  $38,000. 

There  are  tive  brick-making  establishments,  producing  annually  2. 500. Olio 
bricks,  consumed  principally  in  local  market  at  $5  and  80  per  thousand. 

There  are  63  stores  in  the  county;  the  estimated  wealth  of  the  -tore- 
keepers  is  $1,298,000. 

AGRICULTURAL. 

Number  of  acres  under  cultivation  and  amounts  of  different  produce 
raised  in  1882-83: 

Cotton,  48,977  acres,  raised  18,020  bales;  corn.  53,945  acres,  raised  592.- 
020  bushels;  barley,  49  acres,  raised  780  bushels:  rve,  596  acres,  raised  3,38o 
bushels;  wheat,  12,508  acres,  raised  100,492  bushels — in  wheat  results  the 
county  stands  among  the  highest  in  the  State;  sweet  potatoes.  465  acres, 
raised  27,900  bushels;  Irish  potatoes,  115  acres,  raised  4,600  bushels:  peas. 
640  acres,  raised  6,400  bushels;  in  1881  there  were  25  acres  in  rice,  raised 
16,675  pounds;  sorghum.  505  acres,  raised  35,350  gallons;  sugar-cane.  25 
acres,  1,250  gallons.  1882:  Market  gardens,  851:  honey  raised.  11,691  lbs.: 
wax,  517  pounds;  milk  sold,  9, 1 10  gals. : butter  made,  314.323  pounds:  cheese. 
1,185  pounds;  number  of  poultry  raised.  59,095;  eggs  produced.  147.923  <!<•/.: 
apples  grown,  3,720  bushels;  peaches.  4,350  bushels:  grapes  sold.  2.205  lb.-.: 
wine  sold.  210  gallons. 

STOCK. 

Work  oxen  in  stock,  562:  milch  cows,  5.738:  other  cattle.  5,614:  t lie 
Jersey,  Ayrshire,  Devon  and  short-horned  Durham  are  the  favorites.  Stock 
of  sheep,  9,950,  valued  at  $2  per  head : lambs,  2,384  : fleece  in  pounds.  7.317: 
the  Cots-wold  and  South-Down  are  the  favorite  breeds:  swine.  14.913.  the 
Berkshire,  Essex  and  Red  Jersey  hogs  are  the  most  thought  of. 

FERTILIZERS,  ETC. 

Fertilizers  used,  in  tons:  ammoniated.  1.853  : acid.  1.504:  kainit.  70: 
chemicals,  70;  total,  3,497;  used  in  composting,  939. 

Farm  supplies  purchased,  $269,792;  on  time,  $194,250:  cash  ami  time 
prices  of  corn  per  bushel.  $1.06  and  $1.30;  bacon.  10  and  16  cents  per  pound: 
flour,  $8  and,  $11  per  barrel;  meal.  $1  and  $1.27  per  bushel:  hay.  *1.50  and 
$2  per  100  pounds. 

Improved  agricultural  implements  in  use:  6 sowers,  53  mowers  and 
reapers,  63  sulky  ploughs,  141  improved  harrows.  2 stump-pullers.  3s  thresh- 
ers, 2,035  guano  distributors.  756  cotton  and  seed  planters.  38  riding  cultiva- 
tors, 16  horse-rakes.  91  steam  engines  on  farms. 

The  demand  for  colored  labor  in  and  around  the  city,  including  about 
one-third  of  the  county,  is  20  per  cent,  greater  than  the  supply.  Wage- 
paid  to  males  is  $8  to  $13  per  month,  with  board:  females.  83  to  $6  per  month, 
with  board.  White  field  labor  in  the  county  is  44  per  cent,  and  colored  56. 

Average  cost  of  producing  a pound  of  merchantable  cotton  is  s cents. 

REAL  ESTATE.  ETC. 

In  towns  and  villages,  valued  at  $1,175,695.  it  stands  third  in  the  State. 

Not  in  towns  and  villages  : Arable  lands,  139,000  acres,  value  *785,487: 


State  of  South  Carolina. 


59 


wood  and  marsh  lands,  329,493  acres,  value  11,197,123;  buildings,  3,596  in 
number,  value  §326*625  ; total  country  real  estate,  §2,309,235. 

Total  value  of  all  taxable  personal  property,  §1,969,010 — in  this  it  stands 
fourth  in  the  State. 

Total  assessed  value  of  property  in  the  county  in  1881,  §5,448,095;  rail- 
roads: Atlanta  & Charlotte  Air  Line,  184  miles,  value,  $233,350;  Colum- 
bia & Greenville,  12  ^ miles,  value,  134,400. 

County  taxes  in  mills:  State  tax,  4f;  school,  2:  ordinary  county,  3; 
interest  on  railroad  bonds,  24  ; retiring  railroad  bonds,  1;  total,  13-j-. 


HARDWARE. 


MAIN  ST.,  GREENVILLE,  g,  ©. 

WHOLESALE  AND  RETAIL  DEALERS  IN 


4inSj_ Cutlery,  Hardware,  Mechanics’  Tools,  Builders’ 
Hardware,  Manufacturers’  Supplies,  Machinery, 
Saws,  Fencing,  Pumps,  Mowers,  Reapers, 


Binders,  Grain  Drills,  Horse  Rakes,  Plows,  Cultivators, 
Force  Pumps,  Separators,  Farm  Engines, 

Cotton  Gins,  etc.,  etc, 

III  the  Latest  Impyefl  Apicultural  Hements 

WE  COM  MET E WITH  MANUFACTURERS. 


J. 


GREENVILLE,  S.  C. 


<-cmr  WAREHOUSED 


jdM) 


60 


REPRESENTATIVES  HOUSES  AND  PROMINENT  MEN 


— OF — 

GREENVILLE,  S.  C. 


GOWER  & REILLY, 

General  Storage,  Commission,  Eire 
Insurance,  and  Dealers  in  Sash, 
Doors,  Blinds,  Shingles,  Lime, 
Cement,  etc. 


T.  C.  (JOWEIi. 


Iii  a carefully  compiled  review  of  the 
industries  of  Greenville,  special  interest 
attaches  to  those  houses  which  have  been 
so  long  established  as  to  be  a part  of  the 
history  of  the  city  itself.  The  above 
firm,  perhaps  more  than  any  other,  has 
tended  to  sustain  the  name  this  centre 
has  always  enjoyed  for  enterprise  and 
energy,  and  to  increase  its  commercial 
importance  till  it  is  now  generally  con- 
sidered the  most  thriving  city  in  the 
State. 


Mr.  Gower,  the  senior  member,  was 
long  connected  with  the  Greenville  Coach 
Factory,  established  in  1835.  as  Gower  & 
Cox,  (that  Gower  being  his  brother,) 
succeeded  by,  in  order,  Cox  & Gower, 
Cox  & Westfield.  Cox  & Gower,  Cox. 
Gower  & Marklev.  Gower  & Cox,  last, 
Gower,  Cox  & Markley,  whose  co'ach 
factory  was.  before  the  war,  the  largest 
south  of  the  Potomac.  It  was  while  a 
member  of  this  latter  firm  that  Mr. 
Gower  established  the  firm  of  Gower  & 
Sumner  in  1875.  of  which  this  present 
house  is  the  direct  successor,  and  a year 
later  he  purchased  his  partner’s  interest, 
and  established  in  1870  T.  C.  Gower  & 
Co.  On  1st  Jan’v.  "78.  this  was  followed 
by  Gower,  Shumate  & Reilly,  and  in 
November.  1882,  Shumate  retired,  leav- 
ing the  present  firm,  which  has,  with 
renewed  enterprise,  vigor  and  business 
tact,  further  extended  the  importance 
and  operations  of  the  house,  which  may 
he  considered  the  most  significant  in 
directing  and  pioneering  the  trade  of 
the  city.  They  are  engaged  in  many 
lines  of  business.  First  they  own  and 
control  the  interests  of  the  City  Ware- 
house Co.,  established  in  1878,  who 
carry  on  a general  storage  business. 
They  conduct  a large  commission  and 
also  fire  insurance  business,  and  deal  in 
doors,  sash,  blinds,  shingles,  lime,  ce- 
ment, pumps,  etc.,  etc.  Their  premises 
consist  of  a spacious  two-storv  and  base- 
ment brick  warehouse,  120x97  feet  in 
extent,  the  largest  in  the  city,  with  metal 
roof,  on  Washington  Street,  with  the 
enormous  capacity  of  3,000  bales,  be- 
sides ample  room  for  other  branches  of 


62 


City  of  Greenville, 


their  business;  and  here  they  will  carry 
on  storage  from  $50,000  to  §100,000 
worth  of  goods  the  year  round.  The 
office  is  located  in  it,  and  the  whole  is 
fitted  up  with  every  facility  and  ar- 
ranged with  plenty  of  platform  space  on 
the  outside,  so  as  to  expedite  the  hand- 
ling of  large  quantities  of  goods.  On 
the  opposite  corner  is  a.  wide  platform, 
provided  with  Fair  hank’s  best  scales, 
mostly  used  for  weighing  cotton,  of 
which  they  handle  here  most  that  comes 
to  town.  Adjacent  to  this  is  a new  sub- 
stantial brick  building.  64x100  feet  in 
extent,  on  the  street  floor  of  which  are 
the  stables,  well  ventilated  and  cleanly 
kept,  and  above  is  their  hall  used  for 
public  meetings,  theatrical  performances 
and  all  the  ordinary  gatherings  where  it 
is  necessary  to  accommodate  a large  au- 
dience. Then  they  have  an  octagon 
warehouse,  similar  to  their  other  prem- 
ises in  capacity  and  dimensions,  at 
the  Air  Line  depot,  mostly  used  for 
keeping  the  goods  in  which,  as  above 
mentioned,  they  are  the  largest  dealers 
in  the  upper  part  of  the  State,  their 
trade  in  this  line  extending  all  along  the 
lines  of  which  Greenville  is  the  fortu- 
nate centre.  In  the  commission  line 
they  handle  largely  corn,  provisions, 
fertilizers,  cotton  about  8,000  bales  an- 
nually, and  other  principal  staple  pro- 
ducts of  merchandise.  They  do  a gene- 
ral drayage  and  passenger  carrying  busi- 
ness in  the  city,  employing  an  omnibus, 
8 wagons  and  25  horses  and  mules,  and 
afford  to  the  merchants  mid  the  public  a 
means  of  conveyance  at  a marvelously 
low  cost.  It  is  perhaps  to  this  exces- 
sively cheap  and  convenient  method  of 
handling  the  merchandise  of  the  city 
that  makes  Greenville  such  a desirable 
place  for  men  to  carry  on  business  in.  as 
they  can  by  this  means  have  goods  con- 
veyed from  one  place  to  another  at  a 
less  annual  cost  than  it  would  take 
singly  to  pay  for  the  feed  of  the  animals 
necessary  to  do  the  work.  In  the  insu- 
rance line  they  represent  some  of  the 
most  solid  companies  in  the  world:  the 
vEtna,  North  British  and  Mercantile. 
Western  of  Toronto,  National  of  Hart- 
ford, Sun  of  London,  Connecticut,  and 
Phoenix  of  London,  and  write  more 
policies  in  this  and  the  adjacent  coun- 
ties than  any  other  agency  in  upper 


I South  Carolina,  and  also  take  tornado 
! and  cyclone  risks.  By  a resume  of  the 
! above  facts,  the  most  casual  observer 
! will  understand  the  weight,  importance 
and  significance  of  this  firm,  whose  ex- 
tensive operations  have  such  a material 
bearing  on  the  general  prosperity  of  the 
community  and  the  responsibility  which 
falls  on  the  shoulders  of  the  owners, 
who  employ  at  present  17  experienced 
and  competent  hands  in  the  various  de- 
partments. 

In  connection  herewith  a few  remarks 
on  the  individual  proprietors,  whose 


ability  is  exhibited  in  the  growth 
of  their  establishments,  will  be  appro- 
priate. 

Mr.  T.  C'.  Gower  is  a native  of  Piny 
Old  Maine,  and  came  South  to  Green- 
ville in  January.  1S42.  when  only  nine- 
teen years  old.  In  the  late  war  he 
served  the  Confederate  cause,  first  for 
twelve  months  as  a soldier,  and  latterly 
detailed  to  manufacture  for  the  Con- 
federate government,  wagons,  ambu- 
lances. gun-carriages,  caissons,  saddles, 
etc.  After  the  war  he  found  himself,  in 
common  with  other  Southern  men, 
hampered  by  security  debts  amounting 
to  $40,000.  Undaunted,  however,  by 
misfortune  and  this  weight,  he  set  to 


State  op  South  Carolina.  63 


work  with  the  energy  of  youth  and  the 
experience  of  age,  and  to-day  stands 
free  of  all  encumbrances.  He  possesses 
the  solidity,  energy,  and  the  faculties 
necessary  for  successfully  prosecuting 
large  undertakings  characteristic  of  the 
hardv  sons  of  that  Eastern  clime,  and 
has  been  and  is  one  of  the  foremost 
men  in  organizing  enterprises  that  to- 
day are  the  main-stay  of  his  adopted 
city. 

On  the  question  of  building  the 
Gower  bridge,  called  after  him,  he  was 
successfully  elected  Mayor  in  1872, 
against  great  opposition,  and  among 
many  other  things,  built,  unaided  by 
outside  capital  or  brains,  the  City  Rail- 
road, city  warehouse,  and  also  made 
many  extensions  of  streets,  all  ac- 
knowledged blessings  to  the  town.  He 
is  a man  of  many  charitable  deeds, 
of  liberal  mind,  and  withal  one  of 
our  most  respected  and  honored  citi- 
zens. 

Mr.  P.  H.  Reilly  is  a native  of  Charles- 
ton, raised  in  the  Orphan  House,  and  en- 
tered the  army  only  16  years  old.  He 
rendered  gallant  service  to  the  true 
cause,  as  sergeant  in  the  First  South 
Carolina,  being  wounded  no  less  than 
five  times,  and  was  present  at  all  the  big 
fights  Jackson’s,  afterwards  A.  P.  Hill’s, 
corps  was  engaged  in.  At  the  cessa- 
tion of  hostilities  he  settled  in  this  city, 
and  has  since  been  identified  with  its 
growth  and  progress,  and  regarded  as 
one  of  its  most  energetic,  enterprising 
and  far-seeing  business  men.  He  has 
been  for  years  the  First  Assistant  Chief 
in  the  Fire  Department,  President  of  the 
Board  of  Fi remasters,  prominent  Mason, 
leading  G.  T.,  ex-Worthy  Chief  of 
Greenville  Lodge,  believes  in  local 
option  but  not  in  prohibition.  He 
conducted  successfully  the  Greenville 
Daily  News  in  1879,  and  greatly  tended 
to  build  it  up. 

These  gentlemen  are  also  favorably 
known  in"  and  are  influential  members 
of  Social  circles,  as  their  house  takes  a 
foremost  place  in  the  front  rank  of 
i leading  concerns  in  the  Palmetto  State, 

| and  all  must  heartily  concur  in  the  wish 
l that  it  may  be  long  preserved  to  con- 
tinue exercising  its  beneficial  influence 
in  the  rise  and  progress  of  the  Mountain 
i City. 


HOVEY  & TOWNES. 

Dry  Goods  axd  Carpets. 

Among  the  extensive  establishments 
which  have  attracted  our  notice  in  Green- 
ville, few  deserve  such  favorable  consid- 
eration at  our  hands  as  the  above  firm, 
which  is  looked  upon  as  one  of  the  prin- 
cipal factors  which  have  helped  to  ad- 
vance the  material  welfare  of  and  one  of 
the  main  props  to  the  present  solidity 
and  importance  of  the  city. 

The  house  was  originally  established 
about  1848  by  A'.  H.  Hovey,  who  was 
succeeded  in  1869  by  Hovey  & Co.,  and 
since  1871  it  has  been  known  by  its  pres- 
ent, name.  The  premises  occupied,  25x 
90  feet  in  extent,  are  centrally  located  on 
Main  St.,  the  store  is  attractive  and  well 
arranged,  is  a favorite  resort  for  lady  pur- 
chasers both  from  this  and  the  adjacent 
counties  of  Laurens,  Pickens,  Oconee, 
Anderson,  Abbeville,  and  may  be  called 
the  central  market  in  town  for  dry  goods 
and  carpets.  On  the  first  floor  is  kept  a 
full  line  of  foreign  and  domestic  dry 
goods,  anything  like  an  enumeration  of 
which  would  be  superfluous,  suffice  it  to 
say  that  the  assortment  is  complete  in 
every  way.  embracing  all  qualities  of 
American,  English,  French  and  German 
goods  offered  at  the  lowest  prices. 
stairs  is  the  carpet  department,  where  is 
a similarly  complete  assortment  in  grades 
from  the  finest  Turkish  and  Persian  rugs 
to  the  more  modest  crumb-cloths  of 
home  make.  Four  accomplished  and 
courteous  salesmen  assist  the  proprietor 
in  the  various  duties  incumbent  on  such 
a large  establishment  where  the  constant 
crowd  of  callers  commands  careful  atten- 
tion. 

The  individual  members  of  the  firm 
are  M.  M.  Hovey  and  S.  A.  Townes;  the 
former  resides  in  Massachusetts,  and 
consequently  the  entire  charge  devolves 
upon  the  latter,  one  of  the  most  enter- 
prising and  prominent  business  men  of 
our  county,  and  at  present  worthy 

MAYOR 

of  our  city.  He  was  born  in  Greenville, 
and  as  sergeant  in  the  Butler  Guards 
2d  S.  C.  Regiment  did  good  service  for  the 
Confederate  cause,  participating  in  the 
many  great  battles  Longstreet’s  corps 
was  engaged  in.  and  was  present  at  tne 
Greensboro’  surrender.  He  has  since 


City  op  Gkepn’villp, 


64 


been  one  of  the  moving  spirits  in  our 
midst.  He  served  a term  as  Alderman 
and  was  elected  Mayor  in  1879  unoppos- 
ed. He  has  been  re-elected  every  suc- 
ceeding term,  the  best  proof  of  the  wis- 
dom, justice  and  ability  which  has  been 
universally  displayed  in  his  administra- 
tion. He  has  introduced  many  im- 
provements in  the  city.  He  has  extend- 
ed McB.ee  Avenue  and  Main  Street,  and 
opened  other  important  streets  in  the 
northern  portion  of  the  town, and  also  has 
had  Main  Street  better  paved  and  drain- 
ed. He  introduced  a uniform  for  the 
police,  added  a hand  engine,  and  hook 
and  ladder  truck  and  purchased  a pair 
of  trained  horses  for  the  steamer,  all  of 
which  has  made  the  Fire  Department  a 
pride  to  Greenville.  It  has  become  un- 
der his  administration  a paid  depart- 
ment and  is  now  as  well  equipped  a ser- 
vice as  any  town  could  wish  for.  He 
also  built  the  City  Hall,  and  it  was 
through  his  energy  and  instrumentality 
that  the  Academy  of  Music  incendiaries 
were  ferreted  out  and  convicted.  He 
established  a Board  of  Health,  extended 
the  cemetery  and  beautified  the  same.' 
and  altogether  his  reign  is  one 
which  has  every  appearance  of  being  de- 
servedly long-lived.  He  is  himself  a bul- 
wark of  strength  to  the  social,  govern- 
mental and  political  well-being  of  our 
community,  as  his  house  is  a healthy 
and  hardy  stem  of  our  commercial  pros- 
perity, progress  and  probity. 


PIEDMONT  MANUFACTUR- 
ING COMPANY. 

In  a history  of  the  great  industries  pe- 
culiar to  the  present  century,  no  single 
element  of  a purely  material  character 
has  been  found  so  important  and  influ- 
ential as  the  white  downy  filaments  that 
enclose  the  seed  in  the  pod  of  the  cotton 
plant.  A generation  ago  the  woolen  in- 
terest was  mighty,  the  industries  of  iron 
and  coal  and  brass  and  silk  were  well 
developed,  while  that  of  cotton  was  in 
its  infancy.  When  England's  richest 
possessions  were  struggling  to  free  them- 
selves from  her  yoke,  the  cotton  she  con- 
sumed annually  consisted  of  a few  thou- 
sand bales  of  short  yellow  staple  imported 
from  East  India. 

During  these  eventful  years  the  men 


who  were  to  recompense  her  for  the 
losses  at  Saratoga  and  Yorktown  were 
working  with  blackened  hands  and  fus- 
tian jackets,  develojhng  devices  that 
soon  showed  the  world  how  one  man 
could  do  the  work  that  two  hundred  did 
before  and  give  at  the  same  time  a bet- 
ter and  more  uniform  product.  By 
these  inventions  the  carding  roller,  the 


H.  I*.  HAMMETT. 
President  and  Treasurer. 


drawing  frame,  the  jenny  and  the  power 
loom,  a keen  demand  was  created  for  the 
cotton  lint,  and  bv  the  timely  discovery 
of  the  cotton  gin  an  impetus  was  given 
to  the  raising  of  this  staple  that  placed 
it  among  the  leading  material  powers  of 
the  world. 

With  these  inventions  in  machinery  it 
was  seen  that  Manchester  and  the  New 
England  States  could  spin  all  the  cotton  \ 
the  South  could  grow:  enormous  mills 
went  up,  rural  population  flocked  to 
manufacturing  centres,  cloth  merchants 
opened  branch  houses  in  China,  in  India, 
in  Brazil,  in  Africa  and  Australia. 
Then  our  cotton  producing  States  eon-  I 
ceiving  that  the  control  of  a staple  of  ‘ 
such  importance  was  virtually  to  govern 
the  commercial  interests  of  the  most 
powerful  nations  on  earth,  proposed  from 
that  vantage-ground  to  make  fundamen- 
tal laws  between  capital  and  labor,  and 
thus  originated  our  civil  war.  Great 
credit  is  given  to  the  Abbeville  lawyer 


State  of  South  Carolina. 


65 


for  sowing  tlie  seeds  of  that  strife;  but 
when  the  remote,  but  efficient  cause  is 
discovered,  we  find  not  a Statesman,  but 
a mechanic — not  a Calhoun,  but  Eli 
Whitney. 

Since  that  time  every  country  in  the 
world  has  established  her  cotton  mills, 
and  the  Southern  Slates  of  this  conti- 
nent, possessed  of  men  equal  to  the  occa- 
sion. have  devoloped  their  manufacturing 
resources  with  a remarkable  and  unex- 
ampled rapidity,  and  as  they  control  the 
growth  and  dictate  the  price  of  the  raw 
material,  they  are  advancing  with  enor- 
mous strides  to  be  one  of  the  weightiest 
factors  in  the  production  of  the  manu- 
factured articles,  and  indeed  already  in 
coarser  yarns  and  brown  goods  they  take 
the  leading  place. 

The  above  remarks  will  we  hope  show 
to  our  readers  the  important  influence 
Southern  mills  and  mill  owners  exert 
upon  the  world’s  commerce. 

Taking  a prominent  place  among 
these  is  a leading  establishment  of  South 
Carolina.  The  Piedmont  Manufacturing 
Company  has  had  unexampled  success, 
and  at  present  when  many  factories  are 
shutting  down  for  dull  times,  continues  ! 
to  run  along  the  full  number  of  hours 
and  hands.  The  company  was  organ- 
ized in  1874,  the  mill  was  filled  up  by 
’78  and  in  ’81  the  number  of  spindles, 
to  meet  the  demand  for  their  products, 
was  doubled  to  23,024.  They  run  540 
looms  and  turn  out  shirtings,  sheetings, 
drills  and  yarns  which  victoriously  com- 
pete with  any  in  the  world,  the  goods 
being  mostly  handled  by  their  agents, 
Woodward,  Baldwin  & Co.,  of  New 
York,  Woodward,  Baldwin  & Norris,  of 
Baltimore,  and  0.  H.  Sampson  & Co., 
of  Boston,  which  latter  firm  disposes  of 
most  of  their  yarns,  and  their  products 
are  sold  all  over  the  world,  including  the 
China  markets. 

The  mills  are  located  in  Greenville 
county  about  10  miles  on  the  C.  & G.  R. 

R. . south  of  the  city,  on  the  Saluda 
River.  The  water  power  is  the  finest  in 
the  county,  and  the  head  in  the  winter 
could  drive  40,000  spindles  if  required. 
The  wheels;  2 large  Hercules  and  a Le- 
Felle,  and  a 160  horse  Westinghouse  en- 
gine— which  acts  as  an  auxiliary  in  sum- 
mer— form  the  driving  power  of  the 
numberless  carders,  rollers,  twisters,  jen- 


nies, spools,  etc.,  etc.,  all  going  at  once 
and  turning  the  vegetable  fibre  into  fin- 
ished cloth  goods.  The  buildings  all 
of  brick  consist  first  of  a main  structure 
4 stories  470  x 72  feet  in  dimensions 
with  projecting  wing  of  40  feet.  On  the 
first  floor  is  the  yarn  mill  complete, 
above  is  weaving  department,  on  the  3d 
floor  the  carders  are  constantly  at  work 
and  on  the  top  floor  the  spinning,  spool- 
ing. dressing  and  warping  is  done,  the 
picker  house,  also  brick,  is  separate  and 
72x150  feet,  and  an  opening  room  40x 
80  feet;  adjoining  this  are  two  spacious 
brick  warehouses  each  50x120  feet  in 
extent.  To  these  are  added  a comfor- 
tably furnished  office  30x52  feet  con- 
sisting of  counting,  president’s  and  di- 
rectors’ rooms.  The  whole  is  rendered 
complete  by  4 large  stores  containing  a 
full  stock  of  general  merchandise  and 
groceries,  from  which  the  workers  and 
their  families  are  supplied  with  all  the 
necessaries  of  life  at  low  rates.  The 
hands  employed  in  the  mill  amount  to 
over  500,  exclusively  white,  and  these 
with  their  dependancies  make  Piedmont 
a comfortable  little  town  of  1,500  and  odd 
inhabitants,  who  are  clean,  live  well, 
work  short  hours,  and  in  the  fine  climate 
of  the  Piedmont  valley  enjoy  excellent 
health. 

We  need  hardly  say  all  the  machinery 
in  the  mill  is  of  the  most  modern  type, 
and  the  systematic  arrangements  of  the 
factory  such  as  to  facilitate  in  every 
known  way  the  manufacture  and  to  pre- 
serve the  high  standard  of  excellence 
the  goods  have  obtained.  The  author- 
ized capital  of  the  company  is  $1,000,- 
000  subscribed  $500,000,  and  whole 
value  of  property,  partly  bought  with 
the  surplus  earnings,  $710,000.  They 
turn  out  15,000  lbs.  on  an  average 
daily,  their  product  in  the  12  hours  in 
March  having  increased  to  15,300  lbs.  As 
in  the  furtherance  of  all  great  enter- 
prises we  must  have  comprehensive 
minds  equal  to  the  occasion,  our  readers 
will  naturally  ask  wdio  is  the  steersman 
that  so  ably  directs  the  course  in  storm 
and  calm  of  this  leviathan,  and  will  take 
some  interest  in  the  life  of  the  President 
who  is  likewise  Treasurer  of  the  concern. 
He  was  born  in  Greenville  county,  and 
like  almost  all  the  leading  men  of  our 
country,  was  brought  up  and  passed  the 


City  of  Greenville, 


earlier  years  Of  his  life  on  his  father’s 
farm.  He  was  by  nature  made  to  gov* 
era  men,  and  from  plantation  life  start- 
ed into  and  became  owner  of  the  Bates- 
ville  Mill  from  where  lie  supplied  .the 
Confederate  government  with  material 
for  clothing  the  army. 

He  carried  on  that  concern  15  years, 
till  he  organized  this  mill  and  was  ap- 
pointed to  his  present  position.  A man 
of  wide  knowledge,  great  financial  abil- 
ity and  having  made  the  science  of  mill- 
ing a life  study,  he  is  exactly  fitted  to 
this  important  position. 

He  is  also  interested  and  has  been  a 
moving  spirit  in  the  foundation  and 
prosperity  of  many  of  the  most  benefi- 
cial enterprises  in  the  up-country.  He 
was  four  years  President  of  the  C.  & G. 
R.  R.,  which  post  he  left  to  take  his 
present  position;  he  is  director  in  the 
National  Bank  of  Greenville,  the  New- 
berry Cotton  Mill,  etc. 

The  Colonel  is  also  a prominent  poli- 
tician and  sat  in  the  State  Legislature 
in  1866,  ’67,  ’68  and  ’69,  but  refused  re- 
election  on  account  of  the  then  society 
of  the  House.  He  moved  to  Greenville 
in  1863  and  was  soon  chosen  as  Mayor.* 
In  town  he  has  his  office  in  the  Post 
Office  building;  has  telephone  connec- 
tion with  the  works  where  he  is  repre- 
sented, and  assisted  by  Mr.  Jas.  F.  Her. 
Superintendent, by  Mess.  K.I).  and  D.  B. 
Sloan,  book-keeper  and  assistant  book- 
keeper, and  Mr.  C.  P.  Hammett,  ship- 
ping clerk  and  general  help,  gentlemen 
all  well  trained  in  their  branches  of  bus- 
iness. In  conclusion  we  would  only  ad- 
vise those  wishing  to  comprehend  how 
the  South  is  making  such  vast  strides  in 
cotton  manufacturing  to  visit  the  Pied- 
mont Mills,  where  the}''  will  likewise 
make  the  acquaintance  of  a President 
whom  they  will  find  as  courteous,  intel- 
ligent and  well  versed  in  the  practical 
philosophy  of  finance,  production,  capi- 
tal and  labor  as  his  mills  tend  more  to  the 
country's  prosperity  than  any  other  es- 
tablishment around. 


JAS.  T.  WILLIAMS  & CO., 

Hardware,  Cutlery,  Etc. 

No  other  branch  of  mercantile  busi- 
ness has  increased  in  greater  proportions 
as  our  country  has  grown  older  and 


more  thickly  settled  than  the  general 
hardware  trade,  and  the  extent  to  which 
it  has  grown  in  this  section  is  evident, 
when  we  come  to  note  such  large  and 
important  establishments  prospering  in 
our  midst.  This  firm  was  originally 
founded  as  Wilkins,  Williams  & Co.  in 
1875;  in  1882  Mr.  Williams  bought 
out  the  other  partners,  and  has  since 
carried  on  business  alone  at  his  present 
address,  where  he  occupies  premises,  the 
largest  and  most  attractive  in  town. 
The  main  store  covers  two  stories,  20  by 
240  feet  in  extent,  besides  an  adjoin- 
ing floor,  23  by  103  feet,  more  especially 
denoted  as  the  machinery  and  agricul- 
tural implements  department.  Every- 
thing is  Avell  and  conveniently  arranged. 


JAS.  T.  WILLIAMS. 


and  the  whole  is  replete  with  first-class, 
goods  which  are  guaranteed,  and  offered 
to  the  trade  and  consumers  at  prices  as 
low  as  the  lowest.  The  general  stock  of 
hardware  is  full  and  complete,  and  em- 
braces cutlery,  mechanics’  and  ma- 
chinists' tools,  builders'  hardware,  manu- 
facturers’ supplies,  steam  fittings,  circu- 
lar and  hand  saws,  barbed  wire  fencing, 
pumps,  etc. ; a varied  stock  of  the  best 
makes  in  guns,  firearms,  powder,  etc., 
is  also  always  on  hand.  In  agricultural 
implements  and  machinery.  Mr.  Wil- 
liams keeps  the  best  known  manufac- 
turers’ goods,  including  Osborne's,  of 
Auburn,  N.  Y.  mowers,  reapers  and 
binders,  Newark  Machine  Co.'s  grain 
drills  and  horse  rakes,  P.  P.  Mast's  cul- 
tivator, Mast,  Foos  & Co.’s  force-pumps, 
Geiser  Manufacturing  Co.’s  separators 
and  agricultural  engines,  and  the  Stan- 
dard Manufacturing  Co.'s  cotton  gins. 
To  these  are  added  many  other  special 
lines  of  goods,  all  alike  from  the  best 
makers,  thus  running  the  value  of  the 
stock  from  815,000  to  820,000,  according 


State  of  South  Carolina. 


67 


to  the  season.  Five  competent  hands 
are  employed,  who  are  attentive  to 
callers,  and  in  all  the  departments  of 
the  business  the  resources  and  facilities 
of  the  house  are  unsurpassed,'  resulting- 
in  a trade  extending  throughout  the 
whole  of  upper  South  Carolina  into 
North  Carolina  and  Georgia,  founded  on 
a basis  which  enables  it  not  only  to  suc- 
cessfully compete  in  the  jobbing  line 
with  Northern  houses  and  manufactu- 
rers, but  distances  in  the  retail  trade 
most  of  its  competitors.  It  will  be 
apparent  from  the  foregoing  that  behind 
this  enterprise  must  be  both  brains  and 
money. 

And  a few  words  in  connection  with 
the  owners  themselves  will  be  appro- 
priate. They  are  Mr.  Jas.  T.  Williams 
and  Mr.  T.  Earle.  The  latter  is  en- 
gaged largely  in  farming,  and  thus  the 
management  of  the  concern  devolves 
entirely  upon  the  first  named.  Mr. 
Williams  gets  the  name  of  being  the 
most  enterprising  and  go-ahead  man  of 
Greenville.  He  is  a native  of  this  town, 
and  was  five  years  in  business  in  New 
York  city,  gaining  much  of  that  knowl- 
edge which  makes  him  such  a valuable 
factor  in  the  progress  of  our  town  to- 
day. In  the  late  war  he  did  gallant  ser- 
vice for  the  True  Cause  for  four  years  as 
orderly-sergeant  in  the  Sixteenth  South 
Carolina,  Major-General  Cheatham's 
Division.  He  is  also  a prominent  society 
man,  and  an  influential  member  of  the 
Recovery  Lodge  of  Masons.  He  is 
closely  allied  to  the  advancement  of 
Greenville’s  commercial  and  moral  pros- 
perity, studies  the  wants  of  his  trade, 
and  by  handling  only  reliable  goods,  has 
gained  an  enviable  reputation  for  him- 
self as  well  as  for  his  house,  and  still 
pursuing  the  same  methods  and  devising 
means  to  improve  them,  he  may  justly 
expect  a continuance  of  the  success 
which  has  ever  attended  the  house. 

See  inside  bade  cover. 


FERGUSON  & MILLER, 

Grocers. 

There  is  no  branch  of  industry  of  so 
much  importance  as  that  which  furnish- 
es the  people  with  groceries  and  provi- 
sions, and  the  enormous  demand  for 
these  necessary  food  supplies  results  in 


the  establishment  of  extensive  houses  in 
every  large  trade  centre.  Greenville, 
which  in  general  trade,  bears  the  palm 
from  every  other  town  in  the  State 
owes  her  prominence  more  to  the  efforts 
and  progress  of  the  above  firm,  than  to 
any  other  establishment  in  our  midst. 
This  house  was  founded  in  1868.  by  its 
present  owners,  and  through  years  of 
depressions  and  panics,  that  have  shook 
the  most  substantial  institutions  to  their 
base,  through  phases  of  boom  and  pros- 
perity that  have  built  commercial  fabrics 
which  have  been  shattered  in  very  virtue 
of  the  success  that  supported  them,  has 
continued  to  grow  and  increase  by  stead- 
ily pursuing,  an  invariable  and  upright 
course,  affected  neither  by  storm  or  sun- 
shine. To-day  it  stands  among  the 
proudest  edifices  of  South  Carolina's 
commercial  wealth,  and  is  rivaled  only 
by  a very  few  houses  in  the  old  ‘‘City  by 
the  Sea,”  outside  of  whose  precincts  it 
occupies  the  highest  pinnacle  of  com- 
mercial greatness.  Its  trade,  both  whole- 
sale and  retail,  ramifies  all  through  this 
State  and  into  North  Carolina  and 
Georgia  as  well.  The  facilities  and  con- 
veniences the  house  possesses  are  natu- 
rally in  keeping  with  their  enormous 
transactions.  Their  main  store,  located 
on  Main  Street  Court  Square,  is  one  of 
the  most  extensive  buildings  in  town, 
occupying  two  floors  with  cellar,  each 
58  by  168  feet  in  dimensions.  In  the 
rear  of  this  is  a spacious  warehouse,  two 
stories,  50  by  100  feet,  and  among  many 
other  storehouses  in  various  parts  of 
town  they  have  a handsome  two  story 
50  by  120  feet  warehouse  on  the  Colum- 
bia and  Greenville  connection,  which 
places  them  in  immediate  communication 
for  handling  goods  by  all  the  lines,  from 
North,  South.  East  and  West  that  centre 
in  Greenville.  Their  stock,  averaging 
from  $30,000  to  $50,000  in  value,  accord- 
ing to  the  season,  includes  all  kinds  of 
heavy,  staple  and  fancy  groceries  and 
provisions,  and  everything  raised  or 
manufactured  in  any  country  in  the 
world  for  supplying  the  table  of  the 
plantation  cabin,  the  mansion  or  the 
palace,  can  be  here  obtained  in  any 
quantity  at  market  prices.  They  also 
deal  in  fertilizers  and  handle  annually 
about  400  tons  of  the  well  known  Stono 
brands!  They  are  agents  for  the  house 


68 


City  of  Greenville, 


of  Chess,  Carley  & Co.  of  Louisville, 
and  for  Laflin  & Rand,  for  the  storage 
of  whose  powder  they  naturally  have  a 
magazine,  removed  at  a distance  from 
town.  They  employ  twelve  competent 
hands  in  the  necessarily  many  branches 
of  such  a large  business,  and  two  deliv- 
ery wagons  and  a dray  are  kept  con- 
stantly at  work.  The  individual  mem- 
bers of  this  flourishing  establishment, 
Mr.  John  Ferguson  and  Mr.  J.  P.  Mil- 
ler, are  naturally  men  of  great  enterprise, 
ability,  hard  work  and  undeviating 
probity.  The  first  was  born  at  Pickens 
courthouse,  was  raised  in  that  county, 
and  in  the  war  as  a member  of  Hampton 
Legion  rendered  four  years  of  active 
service  to  the  great  cause  of  Virginia. 
His  partner  is  a native  of  Lexington 
County,  and  in  the  Butler  Guards, 
Second  South  Carolina  Regiment,  Ker- 
shaw Brigade,  did  likewise  gallant  ser- 
vice for  the  True  Cause.  He  was  twice 
severely  wounded  at  Chicamauga,  and 
on  the  13th  October,  1864,  near  Stras- 
burg,  Valley  of  Virginia,  so  badly  that 
he  was  on  recovery,  many  months  on 
crutches.  He  is  a member  of  the  Pres- 
byterian Church  and  active  in  promoting 
its  welfare.  These  gentlemen  both  set- 
tled in  Greenville  after  the  war  and  have 
long  been  recognized  as  among  our  most 
valued  and  respected  citizens,  trust- 
worthy and  reliable  merchants,  ever 
ready  to  aid  all  measures  advanced  fur 
the  public  good.  The  owners  of  an 
establishment  doing  a business  of  over 
$300,000  annually  which,  furnishing  a 
striking  illustration  of  the  results  of 
vigorous  and  persistent  work  and  splen- 
did management,  is  considered  the  most 
important  factor  in  the  advancement 
and  progress  of  the  Mountain  City,  they 
have  made  for  themselves  a reputation 
co-existent  with  the  uniformly  high 
standard  of  their  products. 

WESTMORELAND  BROS. 

Wholesale  and  Manufacturing 
Druggists. 

It  may  be  truly  said  that  no  class  of 
houses  exemplifies  more  the  importance 
and  prosperity  of  a community  than  suc- 
cessful and  progressive  drug  establish- 
ments. As  the  increasing  consumption 
of  sulphuric  acid  is  regarded  by  political 


economists  as  a sign  of  growth  in  the 
manufacturing  departments  of  a coun- 
try’s industries,  so  may  the  development 
of  a house,  such  as  the  above  be  looked 
upon  as  a barometric  indication  of  the 
general  advancement  of  Greenville  as  a 
source  of  supply  and  manufacturing 
centre. 


The  present  firm  succeeding  P.  C. 
Westmoreland  & Co.,  in  May.  1882,  have 
continued  to  extend  their  operations] 
which,  ramifying  all  over  South  Caro- 
lina, distinguishes  this  as  the  leading 
and  most  enterprising  house  in  this  sec- 
tion engaged  in  manipulating  drugs.  In 
their  establishment,  centrally  located  in 
the  Mansion  House  building  on  Main 
St.,  five  experienced  and  polite  hands  are 
employed,  and  a large  and  complete 
stock  is  carried.  This  includes  a com- 
plete list  of  the  purest  foreign  and  do- 
mestic drugs  and  chemicals,  all  the 
standard  proprietary  medicines  and  a 
fine  assortment  of  fancy  toilet  necessa- 
ries and  perfumery.  The  prescription 
department,  equipped  in  keeping  with 
the  other  branches,  is  provided  with  all 
modern  improvements  and  conveniences, 
family  and  physicians  receipts  being  fill- 
ed with  promptness,  care  and  dispatch. 
It  is  however  more  to  the  manufactur- 
ing department  we  would  call  our  read- 
er's attention,  as  in  this  line  they  are 
the  largest  in  the  State,  and  their  goods 
successfully  compete  with  best  knownpro- 
prietary  medicines,  and  are  not  excelled 
North  or  South.  Their  printed  circular 
contains  a long  list  of  these  preparations, 
including  liniments,  cattle  powders, 
vermifuges,  hair  dyes,  ginger  extracts, 
pills,  colognes,  etc.,  etc.,  quoted  at  mar- 
velously low  prices.  Though  daily 
growing  more  popular,  these  sink  into 
insignificance  when  we  come  to  try  and 


State  of  South  Carolina. 


69 


note  the  value  of  their  C \lisaya  Tonic, 
which  as  an  effective  cure  for  chills  and 
fever,  dyspepsia  in  all  its  forms,  general 
debility,  headache,  nervousness,  loss  of 
sleep,  neuralgia,  heartburn,  and  all  dis- 
eases arising  from  a torpid  liver  or  gen- 
eral derangement  of  the  kidneys,  rides 
head  and  shoulder  over  every  other  arti- 
cle used  with  the  object  of  mitigating 
these  diseases.  It  is  made  from  the  bark 
of  the  Calisaya  tree,  which  nature  in  her 
exquisite  adaptions  has  caused  to  grow 
most  plentifully  in  regions  where  malaria 
remains  supreme,  thus  pointing  out  to 
man  the  best  and  surest  remedy  for  the 


disease  that  infects  these  districts.  It 
is  nicely  put  up  in  quarts  and  retails  at 
$1.00  per  bottle,  and  those,  especially 
ladies  of  weak  and  delicate  constitutions, 
trying  it,  will  be  assured  of  the  correct- 
ness of  the  above  remarks,  and  cease' 
to  fear  the  approach  of  spring,  the  heat 
of  summer,  the  arrival  of  fall.  Un- 
doubtedly the  great  Southern  Remedy  is 
one  of  the  beneficial  discoveries  of  the 
age. 

The  individual  members  of  this  firm, 
whose  transactions  rapidly  increase,  are 
Drs.  J.  M.  and  P.  0.  Westmoreland, 
both  natives  of  Greenville,  and  both  li- 
centates  in  pharmacy.  The  latter  has 
been  in  the  drug  business  since  1867, 
and  to  his  energies  in  the  laboratory  is 
greatly  due  tbe  house's  prosperity. 
The  first  graduated  from  the  Medical 
College  of  South  Carolina  in  1857  and 
practised  till  the  war,  when  he  entered 
as  surgeon  in  Wise’  Brigade.  He  car- 
ried on  drug  business  from  1865  till  ’70, 
and  then  traveled  9 years  for  some  of 
the  largest  drug  houses  of  Philadelphia, 
and  thus  has  made  the  •acquaintance  at 
the  leading  manufacturers  in  the  country, 
thus  giving  his  house  an  immense  advan- 


tage over  competitors.  He  is  a K.  of  H., 
having  been  a member  since  the  organ- 
ization of  the  order.  These  gentlemen 
are  well  and  favorably  known  citizens  of 
Greenville,  and  are  recognized  as  men 
thoroughly  conversant  with  every  branch 
of  their  business,  as  their  house  is  look- 
ed upon  as  an  important  factor  in  the 
prosperity  of  the  Mountain  City. 


DUNCAN  & PATTON, 

Grocers, 

Corner  Main  and  Washington. 

The  grocery  trade  in  any  commu- 
nity may  be  considered  the  most  import- 
ant line  of  industry  and  in  Greenville, 
where  we  have  such  reliable  houses 
engaged  in  it,  this  is  especially  the  case. 
Among  those  who  add  by  their  enter- 
prise and  ability  to  increase  our  import- 
ance as  a centre  of  food  supplies,  we  are 
compelled  to  give  special  mention  to  the 
house  of  Duncan  & Patton,  which  was 
established  in  1881.  when  the  senior 
partner?  who  had  long  carried  on  busi- 
ness alone,  was  joined  by  Mr.  Patton. 
They  have  continued  not  only  to  sup- 
port the  prestige  the  house  has  always 
enjoyed  for  selling  the  best  goods,  but 
to  immensely  increase  their  operations, 
which  ramify  all  over  this  and  into  the 
adjacent  counties.  They  do  the  largest 
lien  business  in  this  county.  To  meet 
the  requirements  of  augmenting  pat- 
ronage they  had  this  summer  their 
present  store  built.  It  is  located  in  the 
centre  of  the  city,  on  the  corner  of 
Mail i and  Washington  Streets,  is  one  of 
the  attractive  structures  of  the  town, 
and  comprises  three  floors,  each  25x60 
feet  in  extent.  This  is  filled  to  reple- 
tion with  a stock  having  a representative 
value  of  from  $12,000  to  $15,000,  and 
includes  a full  line  of  staple  and  fancy 
groceries,  finest  China  teas,  Mocha  cof- 
fees, sugars,  molasses  and  East  Indian 
spices,  all  sorts  of  canned  goods  and 
table  delicacies,  country  produce  gener- 
ally, and  everything  included  under  the 
head  plantation  supplies.  They  are  also 
agents  for  the  celebrated  Sea-Gull  brand 
and  Edisto  fertilizers,  unsurpassed  in 
the  market,  and  handle  2,500  bales  of 
cotton.  In  the  business  four  to  five 
competent  and  obliging  hands  and  two 
draymen  assist  the  proprietors,  and  the 


70 


City  of  Greenville. 


arrangement  of  the  establishment  is 
such  as  to  expedite  transactions.  The 
individual  members  of  the  firm, 
Messrs.  A.  S.  Duncan  and  Ernest  Pat- 
ton, are  well  known  as  experienced  and 
reliable  merchants.  The  first  is  a na- 
tive of  Greenville,  and  many  years  in 
business  with  his  father,  also  member  of 
the  firm  of  McDavid  & Duncan. 

In  the  late  war,  as  a member  of  the 
Butler  Guards  in  the  Fourth  Regiment, 
later  transferred  to  Trenholm’s  Squad- 
ron,  he  did  commendable  service  for  the 
Confederate  cause  in  Virginia  and  South 
Carolina.  He  is  also  President  of  the 
Cotton  Seed  Oil  Mill,  one  of  our  most 
respected  citizens,  and  Past  Treasurer 
of  the  K.  of  PI.  Mr.  Patton  was  born 
in  Hortli  Carolina,  and  came  to  this 
State  16  years  old.  He  is  one  of  our 
young  and  go-ahead  men,  and,  like  his 
senior,  a courteous  gentleman  to  meet, 
either  on  business  or  on  social  terms. 


J.  P.  COODWIN, 

Boots  and  Shoes. 


It  would  be  difficult  for  the  industrial 
recorder  to  find  an  instance  that  would 
be  more  readily  accepted  by  well  in- 
formed business  men  and  the  general 
public  as  a typical  modern  commercial 
enterprise  than  the  above  shoe  store, 
established  in  1869.  In  July,  1883,  Mr. 
Goodwin  succeeded  W.  C.  Humphreys  in 
ownership,  and  has  continued  not  only 
to  uphold  the  high  prestige  the  house 
enjoyed,  but  to  immensely  increase 
its  importance,  till,  with  a trade  rami- 
fying all  through  upper  South  Carolina, 
he  might  lay  claim  to  having  the  largest 
business  in  his  line  in  this  section.  The 
premises  occupied  consist  of  two  stories 
and  cellar,  each  28x90  feet  in  extent, 
which  afford  facilities  for  displaying 


and  handling  goods,  unsurpassed  by 
any  house  in  the  State.  The  stock, 
averaging  from  810,000  to  815,000  in 
value,  contains  everything  in  the  way  of 
fine  boots  and  shoes,  of  which  he  han- 
dles largely  Ziegler  Bros,  of  Philadel- 
phia, for  ladies,  gentlemen,  youths  and 
children,  in  all  sizes  and  widths,  and  in 
almost  bewildering  numbers  of  styles. 
The  systematic  arrangement  of  the 
stock  and  the  thorough  organization 
which  is  evident  in  all  departments, 
prevent  any  mistakes  in  judgment,  while 
a corps  of  attentive  salesmen  are  ready 
at  all  times  to  serve  customers  with 
goods  at  Hew  York  and  factory  prices. 

Mr.  J.  P.  Goodwin,  the  enterprising 
proprietor  of  this  establishment,  was 
born  in  Laurens  county,  but  moved  to 
Greenville  at  two  months  old.  He  ran 
a successful  business  in  Laurens  eight 
years,  three  for  ffm  Beattie,  and  latterly 
five  on  his  own  account.  He  is  a mem- 
ber of  Wallace  Lodge  of  Masons,  and 
an  Odd-fellow.  He  also  does  some 
| jobbing  trade,  and  is  to  be  congratu 
on  the  prosperity  that  attends  his  man- 
agement of  a house  that,  while  it  is  a 
splendid  testimony  to  his  ability,  integ- 
gritv  and  keen  foresight,  is  of  such  ines- 
timable advantage  to  the  public. 

Seepage  before  hide.'. 


CILREATK  & PATTON, 

Greenville  Stove  and  Crockery 
Company.  Cai'm.e  Block. 

One  of  the  most  indispensible  branches 
of  trade  in  every  community  is  that 
of  china,  glassware,  house-furnishing 
goods  and  kindred  articles,  and  one  of 
the  representative  houses  of  South  Car- 
olina, the  largest  iu  the  up-country  en- 
gaged in  this  line  of  business  is  that  of 
Gilreath  & Patton,  proprietors  of  the 
Greenville  Stove  and  Crockery  Company. 
The  house  was  established  in  1852  as  X. 
F.  Burgiss,  and  is  thus  the  oldest  mer- 
cantile concern  in  town.  Mr.  Burgiss 
laid  the  foundation  of  his  business- broad 
and  deep,  and  continued  a successful 
career  alone  until  1872,  when  the  name 
became  X.  F.  Burgiss  & Co.  In  July. 
1880,  Gilreath,  Burbage  A Co.  succeed- 
ed to  the  business:  in  December,  1882. 
the  name  was  changed  to  Gilreath  A 
Burbage,  and  on  9 February.  18S4.  the 


StaTP  of  South  Carolina. 


71 


present  firm  came  into  existence,  and  has  I 
not  only  maintained  the  high  reputation 
the  house  has  always  enjoyed  but  great- 
ly extended  its  transactions,  the  trade, 
both  wholesale  and  retail,  stretching  all 
over  South  Carolina,  Georgia  and  Ala- 
bama. To  meet  this  increasing  custom 
they  moved  on  the  1st  September  into 
their  present  premises  located  in  Cauble 
Block,  opposite  the  Mansion  l louse,  a 
few  doors  from  their  old  stand.  The 
establishment  comprises  two  commodious 
floors  and  basement,  each  26x150  feet, 
in  which  goods  are  arranged  in  the  most 
artistic  manner  and  display  to  the  ad- 
miring gaze  every  conceivable  article  in 
this  branch  of  trade,  fashioned  in  the 
workshops  of  all  the  countries  in  the 
known  world.  The  stock  averaging 
some  $20,000  in  value,  includes  the  best 
American  and  silver-plated  ware,  finest 
imported  China,  wooden  and  willow- 
ware,  crockery  of  all  descriptions,  Bo- 
hemian glassware  and  Italian  majolica, 
full  line  of  parlor  and  kitchen  stoves 
and  ranges  and  furnaces,  including  the 
famous  Iron  King  and  Elmo  cooking- 
stoves,  tinware,  house-furnishing  goods, 
elegant  chandeliers  and  prism  hall 
lamps  and  lamp  goods  generally,  Rogers 
& Bros,  and  the  celebrated  Derby  triple- 
plate silver-ware.  They  are  also  agents  for 
the  W diet’s  Manufacturing  Company, 
and  the  novel  and  efficacious  patent- 
spun  bottom  tinware.  Ladies  are  invit- 
ed to  call  and  examine  the  large  and 
varied  selection  of  fancy  goods,  and 
being  critics  and  good  judges  of  all  that 
is  beautiful,  they  will  be  more  than 
pleased  with  the  splendid  stock  of  the 
Nantasket  and  Shakespearean  dinner 
and  tea-sets,  and  will  recognize  in  the 
luxurious  and  expensive  assortment  of 
C.  F,  Haviland’s  Limoges  China,  the 
most  tastefully  designed  and  beautifully 
hand-painted  dinner  and  tea  sets  of 
this  the  finest  and  most  delicate  work- 
manship made  in  the  world.  These 
themselves,  though  they  form  only  a 
fraction  of  this  varied  stock,  are  suffi- 
cient attraction  to  repay  those  visiting 
the  store. 

Five  competent  and  polite  salesmen 
are  employed,  goods  are  procured  direct 
from  manufacturers,  both  in  this  country 
and  abroad,  and  offered  at  prices  lower 
than  any  other  house  in  the  up-country. 


The  individual  members  of  this  firm, 
Mr.  W.  W.  Gilreath  and  Mr.  Avery 
Patton,  are  too  well  known  as  expe- 
rienced and  energetic  merchants  to  re- 
quire superfluous  notice  at  our  hands. 
The  first  is  a native  of  Greenville,  was 
raised  on  his  father’s  farm,  and  has  all 
his  life  been  engaged  in  this  line  of 
business.  In  the  late  war,  in  the  But- 
ler Guards,  Second  South  Carolina, 
Kershaw’s  Brigade,  lie  served  all  through 
the  Virginia  campaign,  in  Lee’s  army, 
from  the  first  Manassas  to  Greensboro’. 
He  has  also  given  time  to  his  city’s  and 
county’s  interest:  was  Alderman  several 
terms,  and  was  appointed  by  Governor 
Hampton  county  treasurer,  which  posi- 
tion he  filled  till  1880.  His  partner  is 
a native  of  North  Carolina;  has  resided 
in  this  county  about  seven  ' years.'  In 
conclusion,  we  may  say  that,  with  the 
large  facilities  above  enumerated,  our 
readers,  both  at  home  and  abroad,  will 
be  amply  justified  in  reposing  the  highest 
degree  of  confidence  in  the  house,  its 
products  and  its  owners. 

See  inside  front  cover. 


Prominent  among  the  merchants  of 
Greenville  we  note  the  above  gentleman, 
whose  methods  of  doing  business  and 
extensive  operations  entitle  his  estab- 


City  or  Greenville, 


U 


lishment  to  a place  in  the  front  rank 
of  the  mercantile  concerns  of  upper 
South  Carolina. 

Mr.  Slattery  started  in  Greenville  six 
years  ago  and  has,  by  hard  work  and 
close  attention  to  his  affairs,  increased 
his  transactions  and  extended  his  trade 
which  ramifies  all  through  Greenville 
and  the  adjacent  territory  of  Laurens, 
Spartanburg,  Anderson,  Oconee  and 
Pickens  counties,  where,  besides  his 
large  retail  business,  he  does  considera- 
ble jobbing  to  the  country  stores.  His 
premises,  which  he  has  occupied  since 
the  commencement,  are  centrally  located 
on  Coflee  Street  near  Main,  and  consist 
of  two  spacious  stores  adjoining  one 
another,  occupying  two  floors,  60x80 
feet  in  extent,  which  are  well  arranged 
and  admirably  adapted  for  handling 
large  quantities  of  goods.  In  the  gro- 
cery store  we  find  a full  line  of  staple 
and  fancy  groceries,  choice  teas  and 
coffees,  leading  brands  of  fionr,  all 
grades  of  sugars  and  molasses,  every 
variety  of  canned  goods  and  table  deli- 
cacies, country  produce  generally,  etc. 

In  the  dry  goods  department  the  assort- 
ment is  similarly  complete  and  varied, 
the  goods  being  well  selected.  It  em- 
braces, besides  the  best  products  of 
foreign  and  domestic  mills,  the  latest 
modes  in  New  York  hats  and  caps  and 
boots  and  shoes,  in  sizes  and  styles  to 
suit  all  wearers. 

The  total  stock  will  average  some 
$12,000  in  value,  goods  being  sold  at 
wholesale  and  retail  at  the  lowest  market- 
prices,  and  parlies  can  rely  on  the 
probity  of  all  representations  made. 

Mr.  Slattery  deals  in  standard  fer- 
tilizers, selling  annually  over  400  tons 
of  Edisto  acid  and  Santee  ammonia, 
which  have  few  equals  in  the  market, 
and  is  one  of  our  largest  handlers  of 
cotton  in  the  up-country,  passing 
through  his  books  annually  some  5,000 
bales.  His  business  necessitates  the 
employment  of  four  competent  and 
obliging  hands,  and  a wagon  is  likewise 
kept  in  constant  use  delivering  to  the 
many  patrons  in  the  city  and  vicinity. 

Mr.  Slattery  was  born  in  Clare  county,  j 
Ireland,  and  came  to  the  United  States 
in  1865,  and  lived  in  Charleston  till 
coming  to  Greenville  in  1818.  He  is  at 
present  one  of  our  most  useful  Alder-  | 


men,  espousing  with  zeal  and  earnest- 
ness all  matters  advanced  for  the  public 
welfare.  In  social  circles  he  is  likewise 
a valuable  and  influential  member, 
while  as  a merchant  he  is  solid,  reliable 
and  experienced,  and  the  owner  of  a 
house  a credit  to  himself,  and  one  of 
these  strong  concerns  which  tend  most 
to  advance  the  prosperity  and  increase 
the  importance  of  Greenville  as  the  best 
centre  of  supply  for  the  upper  part  of 
the  State,  and  the  cheapest  market  in 
which  to  make  purchases. 


THE  GREENVILLE  COACH 
FACTORY. 

II.  C.  Markley,  Proprietor,  G.  W. 

Sirrine,  Superintendent. 

Among  the  carriage  and  wagon  makers 
of  the  South,  the  Greenville  Coach  Fac- 
tory, the  leading  one  in  South  Carolina, 
takes  a foremost  place,  not  only  on  ac- 
count of  its  extensive  trade,  but  because 
of  the  fact  that  its  products  are  better 
suited  to  this  section  of  country  than 
any  other  made.  The  house  also  com- 
mands the  respect  due  to  age.  Time  in 
its  ceaseless  march  has  measured  off  a 
half  century  since  it  was  established. 
From  its  inception  it  has  continued 
to  advance  and  increase  its  operations 
and  augment  its  influence,  till  it  now 
stands  as  a proud  edifice  in  Greenville's 


solidity.  It  was  founded  in  1835.  by  T. 
M.  Cox,  of  Charleston,  under  the  name 
of  Cox  & Gower,  and  succeeded  by  Cox 
& Westfield,  by  Gower,  Cox  tv  Gower. 
In  1853  the  present  owner  entered  the 
firm,  the  name  becoming  Gower.  Cox 
& Markley,  then  Cox  & Markley.  and 
lastly,  in  1882.  H.  C.  Markley  became 
sole  "owner.  The  works  located  on  Main 
Street,  on  the  banks  of  Reedy  River, 
cover  several  acres  of  ground.  Enter- 
ing from  Main  Street  we  find  ourselves 
in  the  store  of  the  establishment  25xl(>0 
feet  in  extent,  and  here  is  carried  a full 
line  of  hardware,  and  smaller  agricultu- 


State  of  South  Carolina. 


73 


ral  implements  and  paints,  oils  and  var- 
nishes, goods  being  in  keeping  with 
the  rest  of  the  products  guaranteed  of 
best  quality.  In  the  rear  of  this  is  the 
I office  where  callers  who  come  to  buy  or 
to  sell,  will  be  made  comfortable  and  at 
home,  and  entertained  by  the  owner,  or, 
in  his  absence,  by  the  superintendent. 
Stepping  out  of  the  office  we  enter  the 
large  yard  around  which  are  clustered 
various  buildings.  First  we  have  the 
repair  shop.  20x104  feet  in  extent; 
next  an  imposing  four-story  brick  struc- 
| lure,  46x100  feet,  conspicuous  in  the 


j Georgia  and  Florida,  where  they  dis- 
I pose  of  annually  betweeen  3,000  and 
j 4,000  vehicles,  which  have  yet  to  find 
i their  rivals.  In  strength,  build,  finish, 
lightness  and  durability,  other  makers 
take  them  as  the  criterion  of  perfection, 
and  model  their  own  after  them,  but 
have  as  yet  failed  to  compete  at  the  low 
prices.  Besides  these  they  sell  about 
100  vehicles  of  other  makers,  and  are 
agents  for  Columbus  buggies,  the  famous 
Emerson  & Fisher,  Cortland  wagons,  T. 
T.  llaydock  buggies,  Cherry,  O’Connor 
& Co.’s  wagons,  etc.  The  stock  likewise 


annexed  diagram;  here  are  the  black- 
smith’s, trimming  and  paint  shops;  next 
: comes  a three-story  paint  shop,  40x90  ft. : 
then  down  on  the  river  a 3-story  wood- 
, working  department;  then  the  drying 
house;  the  wagon  shed  on  the  street  is 
' 25x60  feet,  and  the  other  20x150.  There 
I is  also  a lumber  shed  40x160  feet,  which 
l gives  ample  room  for  the  storage  and 
(thorough  seasoning  of  the  large  quanti- 
fies of  hickory,  oak,  asli  and  poplar  and 
the  various  other  woods  they  use,  and 
the  many  outhouses  usually  accompany- 
ing such  a large  establishment. 

At  this  factory  are  manufactured  all 
sorts  of  carriages.  The  stock  includes 
plantation  wagons,  1,  2.  3 and  4-horse 
sizes,  which  have  for  fifty  years  been  the 
standard  of  excellence  in  four  States, 
top  and  open  buggies,  doctors’  phaetons, 
plain  and  fine  rockaways,  various  styles 
of  four-seated  shifting  top  carriages, 
[planters’  buggies,  carefully  built  to  suit 
the  farmers’  needs,  etc.,  etc.  Their  pro- 
ducts are  sold  all  over  the  Carolinas, 


includes  hubs  and  wheels,  spokes,  rims, 
axles,  springs,  tire-bolts,  clips,  reap- 
hooks, scythes,  bar-iron,  band-iron, 
plough  iron,  shoemakers’  tools,  shoe- 
findings,  etc. 

The  West’s  Guano  Distributor,  of 
which  the  house  owns  the  patent,  also 
calls  for  special  mention,  as  for  simplici- 
ty and  cheapness  it  is  unsurpassed,  and 
saves  money  even  where  the  farmer  only 
uses  a ton  of  fertilizer.  Their  cotton 
j planter  and  their  home-made  grain  cra- 
i dies  are  unrivalled.  In  fact,  the  pro- 
ducts of  the  house  are  in  every  way 
superior  and  up  to  standard,  their  ma- 
chinery is  the  latest  and  most  improved, 
and  they  enjoy  every  facility  for  receiv- 
ing goods  and  shipping  to  customers  at 
the  least  cost. 

The  proprietor  of  this  reliable  and 
solid  old  factory  is  one  of  our  most  re- 
spected citizens.  He  was  born  in 
Charleston  in  1827,  and  came  to  this 
county  when  eleven  years  old.  He  has 
been  in  this  business  and  connected  with 


74 


City  of  Greenville, 


this  house  since  1853,  and  has  ever  been 
a leading  factor  in  its  prosperous  career. 
In  the  late  war,  first  in  the  Second  South 
Carolina,  later  on  detailed  duty,  he 
rendered  service  for  four  years  in 
Virginia.  He  has  always  been  active 
in  promoting  the  public  welfare,  was 
three  or  four  years  Alderman  of  the 
city,  and  takes  a leading  part  in  ecle- 
siastical  affairs  as  a Warden  of  the 
Episcopal  Church.  He  is  largely  inter- 
ested in  other  extensive  undertakings; 
is  a director  in  the  Greenville  Bank, 
Camperdown  Mills,  etc.;  has  lately  ac- 
quired an  orange  grove  in  Florida  of 
700  trees;  has  a pretty  fruit  farm  and 
vineyard  on  Paris  Mountain,  and  three 
years  ago  he  started 
breeding-ponds  for 
carps  near  Lowndes 
Hill,  that  have  met 
with  a gratifying 
degree  of  success. 
The  superintend- 
ent of  the  factory, 
Mr.  G.  W.  Sirriue, 
well  versed  in  all 
the  details  of  the 
business,  is  a native 
of  Connec  t i c u t , 
and  came  South 
, at  nine  years  old; 
was  raised  in  Geor- 
gia, and  has  been 
in  this  county  and 
in  this  position 
nine  years.  He  is 
superintendent  of 
the  M.  E.  Sunday 
School.  He  has 
been  in  the  carriage  line  all  his  life,  and  is 
undoubtedly  the  right  man  in  the  right 
place.  There  are  over  40  workmen  em- 
ployed by  the  establishment,  and  Mr. 
Thos.  B.  Whitmire  is  head  of  the  sales 
department  in  the  store  proper. 

In  conclusion,  we  shall  be  safe  in  say- 
ing that  the  Greenville  Coach  Factory 
forms  a large  link  in  the  chain  of  sound 
institutions,  which  have  aided  so  mate- 
rially in  fostering  and  developing  the 
commercial  and  manufacturing  interests 
of  Greenville,  and  spending  her  name 
far  and  wide  as  the  Empire  City  of  the 
Palmetto  State. 

WOOD  FUST  CARP  PONDS. 

German  scale  carp  only.  I am  now 


ready  to  deliver  from  my  five  spacious 
ponds,  either  small  fish  for  stocking 
ponds,  or  yearlings  in  pairs  for  spawning. 
Address,  J.  W.  WOOD, 

Greenville  Coach  Factory. 


WILKINS,  POE  & CO. 

Hardware,  Agricultural  Imple- 
ments and  Machinery. 

In  order  to  bring  before  the  pub- 
lic the  highly  finished,  nicely  de- 
signed and  handsome  manufactures 
in  this  line  now  made  it  is  necessary 
to  have  reliable  houses  handling  these 
goods,  who,  buying  in  large  quanti- 
ties, are  enabled  to  further  retail  to 
the  consumer  at  prices  a shade  above  the 
cost  of  manufacture.  South  Carolina  is 
fortunate  in  possessing  such  a house,  in 
the  well-known  firm  of  Wilkins.  Poe  & 
Co.,  one  of  the  largest  dealers  in  their 
line  in  the  upper  part  of  the  State.  They 
were  originally  founded  in  1815  as  Wil- 
kins, Williams  & Co.,  and  in  May.  '62. 
that  firm  dividing,  the  above  l ouse  was 
formed,  and  continued  to  maintain  the 
prestige  it  had  always  enjoyed.  Their 
trade  ramifies  all  through  upper  South 
Carolina,  where  they  have  salesmen  con- 
stantly traveling,  and  into  Georgia  and 
North  Carolina.  They  deal  in  all  kinds 
of  hardware,  cutlery,  machanics".  mould- 
ers’, machinists’  and  builders’  tools, 
manufacturers’  supplies,  iron,  nails,  steel, 
cutlery,  guns,  pistols,  wagon  and  car- 
riage material,  etc.  They  have  likewise 
constantly  on  hand,  a full  line  of  agri- 
cultural implements  and  machinery,  and 
are  agents  for  W.  A.  Wood's  world  re- 
nowned harvesters,  the  Eclipse  cotton 
gin.  feeder  and  condenser,  the  Cassady 
sulkj1  plow,  indorsed  by  farmers  every- 
where, Frick  & Co.’s  Eclipse  portable 
and  stationary  farm  engines,  Waynes- 
boro’ Eclipse  separators,  threshers,  saw 
mills,  etc.,  the  celebrated  Perry  Boyce, 
reapers,  Standard  mowers,  reapers,  cul- 
tivators, corn,  cotton  and  pea  planters, 
the  Taylor  Manufacturing  Co.'s  climax, 
dry  steam  and  tiger  portable  and  station- 
ary engines,  Barley's  patent  reversible 
tooth  harrows,  Whipples  spring  tooth, 
sulky  and  floating  harrows,  cultivators, 
horse  rakes.  &c.,  Southern  cane  mills, 
and  evaporators.  Moore  County  grits, 
corn  and  wheat  stones,  Bradford  Mill 


State  of  South  Carolina. 


75 


Co/s  portable  mills,  Simpson  & Gault’s 
i mills  and  mill  stones,  Victor  standard 
wagon  and  platform  scales,  South  Bend 
chilled  plows,  Smith’s  patent  metal-fin- 
ger grain  cradles,  Dupont’s  sporting  and 
blasting  powder,  Atlas  dynamite  and 
giant  powder,  etc.,  etc.  They  have  re- 
cently published  a large  illustrated  cata- 
logue, supplement  to  the  Enterprise 
and  Mountaineer,  sent  free  with  prices 
on  application. 

The  stock  never  amounts  to  less  than 
$35,000  in  value.  It  is  almost  unneces- 
sary to  say  that  the  premises  are  adapted 
in  every  way  to  business.  They  are  cen- 
trally located  on  Main  St.,  of  Green- 
ville, and  cover  a spacious  floor  and 
basement,  24  feet  frontage,  186  feet 
deep  and  40  feet  in  the  rear.  They  em- 
ploy eight  competent  and  polite  hands  in 
the  store,  who  are  kept  constantly  buys 
attending  to  the  many  callers  and  patrons. 

The  individual  members  of  the  firm, 
Messrs,  ffm.  Wilkins,  1ST.  C.  Poe  and 
A.  II.  Foster,  are  gentlemen  whose  abil- 
ity is  commensurate  with  the  important 
size  of  their  undertakings.  The  first  was 
born  1826,  on  the  line  of  Spartanburg 
and  Union  counties,  is  one  of  our  res- 
pected citizens.  From  1848  till  ’55  he 
was  in  Charleston,  and  then  in  Hew 
York  till  South  Carolina  seceded.  He 
first  went  out  with  the  5th  S.  C.  Regi- 
ment, and  12  months  later  joined  the 
PalmettoSharp-shooters, being  with  them 
till  Appomattox.  He  did  gallant  service 
for  the  True  Cause,  was  always  where  the 
bullets  flew  thickest,  and  at  Seven  Pines, 
while  acting  as  orderly-sergeant,  wTas 
wounded  in  the  left  hip.  After  the  war 
| he  was  employed  with  the  offshoot  from 
the  same  Hew  York  house  he  had  been 
with  before.  He  is  a director  in  Cam- 
perdown  Mills,  in  the  Greenville  Bank 
and  also  a Mason,  Lodge  73  Strict  Ob- 
servance, Charleston,  S.  C.  The  second 
was  born  in  Alabama,  came  to  this  State 
when  8 years  old,  and  has  always  been 
recognized  as  one  of  the  Mountain  City’s 
1 energetic  business  men  and  useful  citi- 
: zens. 

The  third  attends  to  the  business  in 
| Union,  carried  on  under  the  name  of 
: Foster  & Wilkins. 

These  gentlemen  represent  an  element 
of  reliability  in  their  business  and  social 
relations  with  the  community,  that  has 


been  an  important  aid  to  its  advance- 
ment and  progress,  a bulwark  to  its  solid 
commercial  standing,  and  a moving  fac- 
tor in  the  rapid  prosperity  of  South  Car- 
olina’s Fall  River. 

See  inside  front  cover. 


LIPSCOSVSB  & RUSSELL, 

Dealers  in  Groceries,  Shoes  and 
Dry  Goods. 


In  Greenville  there  are  some  large  es- 
tablishments, which  mainly  contribute 
the  reputation  the  city  enjoys  as  a source 
of  supply,  and  among  them  stands  the 
well  known  house  of  Lipscomb  & Rus- 
sell, one  of  the  leading  exponents  in  the 
grocery  line.  The  house  is  a very  old 
one,  dating  back  to  ante-Tjellum  times, 
and  has  been  under  the  ownership  of 
the  present  proprietors  since  January, 
1882,  when  they  succeeded  T.  W.  Davis. 
The  store  is  centrally  located  on  Main 
Street.  The  main  building  consists  of 
two  floors  and  a cellar,  each  64x100  feet, 
besides  a large  brick  warehouse,  40x75 
feet,  in  the  rear.  The  stock  running 
from  $12,000  to  $15,000  in  value,  ac- 
cording to  the  season,  consists  of  a full 
line  of  staple  and  fancy  groceries,  the 
finest  China  teas,  Java  and  Mocha  cof- 
fees, standard  grade  of  Hew  Orleans 
sugars  and  molasses,  East  Indian  spices, 
all  varieties  of  country  produce,  fresh  and 
salt  provisions,  best  brands  of  canned 
meats,  fruits  and  fish,  a complete  assort- 
ment of  table  delicacies,  cigars  and 
tobacco,  and,  in  fact,  everything  used  at 
the  table  of  the  mansion  or  the  log 
cabin. 

They  also  do  a considerable  busi- 
ness, mostly  in  the  fall  season,  in 
boots  and  shoes  and  staple  dry  goods. 


76 


City  of  Greenville. 


their  goods  in  these  lines  being  like 
their  groceries,  obtained  from  first  hands 
in  large  quantities,  and  retailed  at  small 
margins.  In  fact,  this  house  offers  a 
full  line  of  goods,  for  excellent  quality 
not  easily  duplicated.  They  do  not  con- 
fine themselves  to  a retail  business,  hut 
do  a large  jobbing  trade  extending  all 
over  South  Carolina  and  into  North 
Carolina  and  Tennessee.  They  have 
an  experienced  representative  traversing 


J.  A.  RUSSELL. 


that  territory,  and  employ,  in  connection 
with  the  store,  four  hands  and  a wagon. 
Mr.W.  A.  Hunt  is  the  confidential  clerk. 

The  individual  members  of  this  house 
are  Mr.  J.  W.  Lipscomb  and  Mr.  J.  A. 
Bussell,  both  enterprising  and  honest 
men  of  business.  The  first  was  born  in 
Abbeville,  and  came  to  this  county  in 
1877,  and  is  a member  of  the  County 
Democratic  Committee.  The  second  is 
a native  of  Anderson,  and  came  here  in 
1875,  and  is  also  active  in  the  Democratic 
Club. 

The  transactions  of  this  firm  amount 
annually  to  over  $100,000,  and  business 
is  conducted  in  a manner  that  greatly 
redounds  to  the  enhanced  consideration 
with  which  the  house  is  generally  re- 
garded, and  we  can  only,  in  conclusion, 
commend  it  to  the  trade  and  the  con- 
sumer, with  the  assurance  of  treatment 
in  keeping  with  the  fairest  representa- 
tions a live  and  enterprising  policy. 

GILREATH,  HARRIS  & CO. 

Wagons,  Carriages,  Buggies,  Doors, 
Sash,  Blinds,  Lime,  Cement, 
Shingles,  etc.,  Warehouse  and 
Storage,  Owners  of  the  Green- 
ville City  Railway. 

The  above  house  whose  extensive  oper- 
ations and  numerous  connections  place 


it  among  the  first  in  the  State,  tends  bv 
the  many  advantages  and  conveniences 
it  possesses  to  greatly  facilitate  trade, 
and  enhance  the  pleasure  of  living  gen- 
erally in  Greenville. 

In  addition  to  the  Street  Railway  and 
stock  owned  by  them,  they  are  engaged 
in  the  warehouse  business.  Their  ware- 
house is  of  brick  and  the  largest  in  the 
city,  being  60x150  feet  in  dimensions, 
with  storage  capacity  for  2,500  bales  of 
cotton. 

In  addition  to  their  storage  and  ware- 
house business  they  carry  a large  stock 
of  all  kinds  of  buggies,  wagons,  doors, 
sash,  blinds,  etc.,  bought  direct  from 
the  best  factories  in  the  country. 

With  the  City  Railway  they  do  both  a 
passenger  and  transfer  business,  running 
8 cars,  most  of  which  are  split  new. 
Their  4 freight  cars,  with  a capacity  of 
10,000  lbs.  each,  enables  them  to  do  the 
transfer  business  of  the  city.  They 
have  in  all  3 miles  of  track,  running 
through  the  heart  of  the  city,  from  de- 
pot to  depot,  and  are  considering  ex- 
tending on  other  streets. 

In  their  transactions  this  house  never 
do  things  by  halves.  They  buy  on  a tre- 
mendous scale,  and  rank  with  any  in 
their  line  in  the  South.  They  never  buy 
in  less  than  carload  lots  and  seldom  low- 
er than  five  at  a time. 

The  marble  lime  sold  by  them  is 
known  all  over  the  State.  Of  this  they 


receive  1.000  bbls.  (10  car  loads)  at  one 
time,  and  fill  contracts  for  large  quanti- 
ties. 

The  individual  members  of  this  pros- 
perous firm  are  Messrs.  Belton  Gilreath 
and  T.  E.  Harris.  The  first  was  for- 
merly of  the  firm  Gilreath  & Burbage. 
He  is  a native  of  Greenville,  a leading 
member  of  the  M.  E.  Church,  and  is 
one  of  the  most  active  and  influential 
men  of  the  city.  Few  men  of  his  age 
have  his  business  capacity,  fewer  still 
his  untiring  energy  and  ability  for  hard 
work.  It  may  be  truly  said  of  him. 
“He  is  never  idle.”  We  can  heartily 


State  of  South  Carolina. 


77 


endorse  the  following  copied  from  the 
Greenville  News: 

‘‘Belton  Gilreath  has  been  probably 
the  most  successful  young  man  in  busi- 
ness in  this  County.  Coming  to  Green- 
ville from  Georgia  about  10  years  ago, 
he  commenced  business  backed  by  his 
friends  and  relatives,  but  with  little  cap- 
ital. He  now  has  one  of  the  largest  con- 
cerns in  the  up-country,  and  is  perhaps 
better  knoAvn  in  business  circles  than 
any  young  man  of  his  age  in  the  State. 
The  Opera  House  was  formerly  man- 
aged by  him,  and  owned  by  himself  and 
W.  W.  Gilreath.  He  has  since  sold  his 
interest  in  the  property,  but  it  still 
retains  his  name  ‘Gilreath  Ojoera 
House.’  ” 

Mr.  Harris,  his  partner,  is  a native  of 
Edgefield,  and  came  to  Greenville  in 
1873. 

This  firm  conducts  its  operations  in  a 
manner  which  redounds  on  the  superior 
management,  integrity  and  foresight  of 
its  owners.  With  the  increasing  impor- 
tance of  the  city  their  business  in  all  its 
branches  will  always  keep  pace  with  the 
resources  at  their  command, we  look  to  see 
the  establishment  long  a prominent  sup- 
port and  useful  aid  in  the  progress  and 
prosperity  of  the  Mountain  City. 


HUCUEMOT  MILLS. 

C.  H.  Lanneau,  Treasurer. 

Cotton  fabrics  are  nearly  as  old  in  his- 
tory as  the  cloths  of  wool  and  silk.  The 
Egyptian  dead,  who  were  embalmed 
when  Joseph  was  Prime  Minister  of 
Pharoah,  were  swathed  with  cotton  cam- 
bric. The  Hindoos  and  Chinese  used  it 
with  silk  as  a national  staple  for  clothing 
a thousand  years  before  Christ.  The 
East  Indian  spinners  and  weavers  for 
hundreds  of  years  supplied  the  world 
with  their  lawns,  made  on  the  rudest  and 
most  clumsy  arrangement  of  bamboo 
sticks.  That  has  however  all  been  revolu- 
tionized and  to-day  cotton  manufactur- 
ing is  a science. 

Among  the  more  recently  established 
enterprises  in  the  South,  .the  Huguenot 
Mill  of  Greenville,  though  perhaps  not 
so  large  as  some  of  its  ponderous  rivals, 
may  be  considered  a model  factory  of 
modern  style.  It  is  well  located  on  the 
banks  of  the  Reedy  River,  in  the  City  of 


Greenville,  S.  C.  The  company  with  a 
capital  of  $150,000  was  incorporated, 
and  the  mill  was  opened  for  work  in 
1882,  with  220  looms.  The  building  is 
an  attractive  2 story  brick  structure,  40 
xl50  feet  in  extent.  Newly  started,  it 
has  the  advantage  of  being  provided 
with  the  very  latest  and  most  improved 
machinery  supplied  from  the  work- 
shops of  Wood,  of  Philadelphia.  The 
machinery  is  driven  by  an  eighty- 
horse  engine,  no  water  power  being 
used.  To  the  main  building  is  added  a 
large  dye  house,  capacity  500  looms,  and 
the  neatly  furnished  office,  where  callers 
will  be  entertained  by  the  G eneral  Super- 
intendent of  the  factory,  Mr.  C H Lan- 
neau,  is  also  in  a separate  building. 
Employment  is  given  to  120  hands  and 
the  products  consist  chiefly  of  plaids 
and  cottonades.  The  goods  have  met 
with  marked  success,  are  handled  by 
Aldrich,  Iddings  & Clifton,  New  York, 
and  are  in  increasing  demand  in  the 
markets  of  the  South  and  West,  where 
they  compete  triumphantly  with  the  old- 
est standard  fabrics.  Mr.  Lanneau, 
the  Treasurer  and  head  of  this  prosper- 
ous concern  is  to  be  congratulated  on 
the  good  fortune  that  has  attended  his 
efforts.  He  is  purely  a self-taught  mil- 
ler, has  been  15  years  in  the  business  in 
this  county,  and  was  formerly  Treasurer 
of  the  Reedy  River  Factory.  This  mill 
which  lie  erected  in  the  short  space  of 
4 months,  is  the  second  one  he  has  or- 
ganized, built  and  successfully  conduct- 
ed. He  is  himself  a native  of  the“Okl 
City  by  the  Sea”  and  came  to  Green- 
ville 20  odd  years  ago.  In  the  war  he 
was  4 years  in  the  Hampton  Legion.  He 
is  connected  with  many  of  the  most  im- 
portant undertakings  in  the  county.  Is 
a director  in  the  Reedy  River  Mill,  in 
the  Greenville  Cotton  Seed  Oil  Mill,  and 
Ice  Company,  etc.  One  of  our  most  en- 
terprising and  go-ahead  men,  he  is  the 
pioneer  of  the  first  and  as  yet  only  plaid 
mill  in  South  Carolina. 

He  is  a member  of  the  Baptist  Church. 
We  are  more  than  gratified  in  noticing 
the  success  of  this  enterprise,  and  recog- 
nizing in  its  future  an  extension  in  its 
operations  and  increase  in  its  transac- 
tions, we  are  assured  it  will  long  con- 
tinue to  remain  one  of  the  leading  con- 
cerns in  this  favored  city,  and  express 


78 


City  of  Greenville, 


the  hope  it  may  be  likewise  always  pion- 
eered by  its  able  manager. 


ABELL  & MORGAN, 

Boots  and  Shoes,  Main  Street. 

The  use  of  boots  and  shoes  as  clothing 
for  the  feet  is  only  one  result  of  an  ad- 
vanced civilization.  While  the  fashions  of 
the  present  day  are  by  many  regarded  as 
superfluous,  it  is  interesting  to  note  that 
during  the  middle  ages  the  fashions  of 
shoes  became  so  extravagant  and  eccen- 
tric that  sumptuary  laws  were  passed  in 
the  vain  hope  of  checking  ' unnecessary 
display  and  wasteful  expenditure. 

This  line  must  be  considered  one  of 
the  most  significant  branches  in  making 
up  the  business  of  the  State,  and  in  this 
connection  the  house  of  Abell  & Mor- 
gan may  well  lay  claim  to  being  one  of 
the  leading  in  the  trade  in  upper  South 
Carolina. 

The  premises  occupied  are  centrally 
located  on  Main  Street,  and  the  store 
consists  or  two  floors,  25x90  feet  in  ex- 
tent. The  upper  one  is  used  for  the 
storage  of  surplus  stock.  The  street 
floor  is  occupied  for  immediate  custom. 
They  carry  a stock  from  $10,000  to 
$15,000  in  value.  Here  will  be  found  a 
full  line  of  all  varieties  and  styles  of 
gents’,  ladies’  and  childrens’  boots,  shoes, 
slifjpers,  etc.,  hand  and  machine  made, 
in  sizes  suitable  for  all  wearers,  from  the 
finest  ladies’  dancing  slippers  to  the 
heaviest  plantation  shoes.  Goods  are 
procured  direct  from  the  factory  and 
retailed  at  reasonable  prices,  and  the 
latest  novelties  in  fine  shoes  are  obtained 
as  soon  as  issued  by  the  makers. 

Messrs.  Abell  & Morgan  also  deal  con- 
siderably in  musical  instruments,  and  in 
this  line  are  a branch  of  the  well  known 
house  of  Ludden  & Bates,  whose  goods 
require  no  praise.  They  represent  eleven 
manufacturers,  and  keep  constantly  on 
hand  4 to  5 pianos  and  10  to  12  organs. 
Two  competent  hands  assist  the  proprie- 
tors in  attending  to  the  many  customers 
who  patronize  this  establishment. 

The  individual  members  of  the  firm, 
Mr.  A.  P.  Abell  and  Mr.  B.  S.  Mor- 
gan, are  recognized  among  our  county's 
most  respected  and  useful  citizens.  The 
first  is  a native  of  Charlottesville,  Ya. , 
and  was  for  many  years  identified  with 


banking  there.  He  moved  to  Savannah 
in  1872,  and  carried  on  a lucrative  cot- 
ton business  till  he  came  to  Greenville 
in  September.  1878.  He  is  an  influen- 
tial Mason,  Past  Commander  of  the 
K.  T.  His  partner  and  son-in-law  was 
born  in  Marion  county,  now  West  Vir- 
ginia, and  was  in  Charlottesville  Assist- 
ant Secretary  of  the  Albemarle  Insur- 
ance Company,  and  engaged  in  banking, 
being  also  Treasurer  of  the  city.  He 
removed  to  Savannah,  and  was  partner 
with  Mr.  Abell  three  years,  coming  here 
in  187.8.  He  is  a prominent  member  of 
the  Knights  of  the  Golden  Rule.  K.  T., 
and  Past  Senior  Warden  in  the  Com- 
mandery.  He  is  one  of  the  officers  of 
the  Greenville  Baptist  Sunday  School, 
one  of  the  largest  in  the  South.  In  the 
war  he  was  in  the  Seventh  Louisiana  at 
first  Manassas,  and  later  with  the  Fifth 
Virginia,  first  adjutant,  and  later, 
captain  of  a squadron.  He  was  wounded 
in  the  leg  lltli  May,  1864,  and  also  on 
12th  July,  near  Lee's  Mill,  while  on 
outpost  duty;  was  hit  several  times  and 
had  three  horses  shot  under  him. 

In  conclusion,  we  may  say,  these  gen- 
tlemen established  business  here  in  ISIS, 
and  by  the  liberal  policy  they  have  shown 
in  the  conduct  of  their  affairs,  the  ampli- 
tude of  their  facilities  and  the  nice  dis- 
crimination exercised  by  them  in  suiting 
their  custom,  have  made  their  house  one 
of  the  first  of  its  contemporaries,  com- 
manding the  respect  and  support  of  the 
community  at  large. 


CAPT.  J.  W.  CAGLE, 

Greenville  Planing  Mill. 

Among  the  important  enterprises  of 
Greenville  which  add  greatly  to  the  sig- 
nificance of  this  centre,  as  a source  of 
manufacture  and  supply,  the  above  is 
deserving  of  special  mention.  The  mill 
was  established  in  1876;  a year  later 
was  burnt  to  the  ground,  but  was  imme- 
diately re-erected  by  its  energetic  owner. 
It  has  from  the  word  go  continued  to 
prosper,  till  it  now  ranks  one  of  the 
largest  in  its  line  in  the  up-country. 
Goods  are  shipped  all  over  this  and  into 
the  territory  of  Anderson,  Abbeville, 
Oconee,  Pickens,  Laurens  and  Union, 
and  have  gained  a standard  reputation 
wherever  sold.  The  mill  is  located  in 


79 


[State  of  South  Carolina. 


Greenville  on  the  banks  of  the  Reedy 
River.  The  main  building,  60x90  feet 
in  extent,  is  fully  equipped  with  the 
latest  and  best  machinery,  an  engine  of 
twenty  horse  power  being  used  for  driv- 
ing the  multiplicity  of  turning  lathes, 
saws,  planers,  borers,  etc.,  etc.  The 
sash,  doors,  blinds  and  general  building 
material  turned  out  from  the  mill  are  of 
fine  finish  and  quality,  and  the  best  proof 
of  this  fact  is  the  constantly  increasing 
demand.  Twenty  competent  hands  are 
employed  in  the  work,  the  proprietor 
himself,  who  is  in  constant  supervision 
of  the  whole,  being  a practical  mill- 
wright by  trade.  Mr.  Cagle  is  largely 
engaged  as  a builder  and  contractor,  and 
has  erected  many  of  the  buildings  of 
prominence  that  have  been  put  up  in 
this  town  in  the  last  ten  years.  The 
superior  look  of  the  streets  of  Greenville 
and  the  substantiality  of  the  houses 
and  stores,  and  generally  beautiful  aspect 
of  the  town  are  noticed  by  every 
stranger,  and  sufficient  proof  of  his 
ability  and  enterprise  in  this  direction. 
Mr.  Cagle  is  a native  of  North  Carolina; 
has  resided  in  this  State  since  1854.  His 
capacity  for  conducting  large  undertak- 
ings has  added  much  to  the  progress  of 
the  city.  In  the  late  war,  as  captain  of 
the  Butler  Guards,  2d  South  Carolina 
Regiment,  he  did  gallant  service  for  the 
great  cause,  and  was  severely  wounded 
at  the  battle  of  Gettysburg.  He  takes 
a great  interest  in  military  organizations, 
and  is  active  in  furthering  all  measures 
advanced  for  the  welfare  of  the  com- 
munity. 


WELLS  & ORR. 

Lawyers. 

Capt.  G.  G.  Wells,  who  has  been  a 
prominent  feature  at  the  South  Carolina 
bar  for  many  years,  was  born  in  Green- 
ville, South  Carolina,  was  raised  there 
and  graduated  from  the  State  Military 
Academy  in  1862,  at  the  head  of  his 
class,  and  was  then  appointed  Professor 
of  Belles  Lettres  and  French  in  that  in- 
stitution. He  had  been  before  Profes- 
sor of  Mathematics  at  Hillsboro’  Acad- 
emy. 

He  took  an  active  part  in  the  war, 
while  a Cadet,  as  drill  master,  and 
as  a captain  of  a battalion  of  State  Ca- 


dets, serving  in  North  Carolina,  and  on 
the  coast.  At  the  return  of  peace  he 
commenced  and  diligently  pursued  the 
study  of  law  in  the  office  of  Col.  C.  J. 
j Elford,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  of 
the  Supreme  Court  in  the  spring  of  1867. 
He  immediately  commenced  practice, 
and  continued  as  a member  of  the  firm 
of  Easley  & Wells  till  1872,  succeeded 
by  Cothran  & Wells,  and  that  in  1874 
by  Earle  & Wells,  which  lasted  till  1880, 
since  when  the  firm  has  been  Wells  & 
Orr. 

A deeply  and  thoroughly  read  law- 
yer, a man  on  whose  shoulders  work 
rests  lightly,  of  varied  experience  and 
attentive  to  his  clients  interests,  Capt. 
Wells  has  naturally  met  with  great  suc- 
cess in  his  profession,  and  with  one  of 
the  largest  practices  in  upper  South 
Carolina  to-day,  lie  takes  a conspicuous 
place  among  the  leading  members  of  the 
bar  in  this  State.  He  has  conducted 
successfully  many  important  civil  cases 
in  all  the  courts  of  the  State,  among  which 
perhaps  that  of  Sullivan  vs.  Thomas,  one 
of  his  earlier  ones  that  brought  him  into 
eminent  notice  is  worthy  of  more  special 
mention.  It  was  a leading  case  and  de- 
cided the  appelate  jurisdiction  of  the 
Supreme  Court  in  cases  at  law  and  in 
chancery.  Apart  from  immediate  busi- 
ness Capt.  Wells  takes  great  interest  in 
all  that  pertains  to  the  interest  of  his 
native  place,  and  was  Aldermen  of  the 
city  in  1876.  Being  a man  of  culture 
and  extended  knowledge,  he  takes  a 
great  interest  in  education,  and  has  for 
many  years  been  a trustee  of  Furman 
University.  He  is  ever  active  in  assist- 
ing all  measures  advanced  for  the  public 
welfare  and  prosperity,  and  well  merit- 
ing the  high  professional  standing  he 
holds,  is  also  a weighty  and  esteemed 
member  of  social  circles. 

Jas.  Lawrence  Orr,  a distinguished 
member  of  the  South  Carolina  bar,  was 
born  in  Abbeville  county,  29  August, 
1852,  and  raised  in  Anderson,  of  which 
county  his  family  had  long  been  resi- 
dents. 

He  was  educated  at  King's  Mountain 
Military  School, from  where  he  graduated 
in  1869,  and  later  at  the  University  of 
Virginia,  graduating  here  in  the  profes- 
sional sciences  in  1872.  He  further 
pursued  the  study  of  law  with  Judge 


Omr  of  Greenville, 


80 


McGowan  and  Judge  Reed,  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  November,  1873. 
He  practised  law  7 years  in  Anderson, 
first  as  a member  of  the  firm  Reed  & Orr, 
later  as  Orr  & Tribble,  and  in  1880  re- 
moved to  Greenville,  where  he  lias  since 
been  in  partnership  with  Capt.  G.  G. 
Wells.  Col.  Orr  has  been  singularly 
successful  in  his  profession.  Endowed 
with  fine  natural  gifts  of  large  and  va- 
ried attainments,  well  read  in  his  profes- 
sion, conscientious  and  painstaking  coun- 
sellor, an  able  and  forcible  advocate,  he 
has  always  enjoyed  a wide,. varied  and 
lucrative  practice,  now  one  of  the  larg- 
est in  the  up-country.  He  has  conduct- 
ed many  of  the  most  important  cases 
that  have  come  up  for  solution  at  the 
bar,  among  which  that  of  Pelzer,  Rodgers 
& Co.  vs.  Mrs.  Campbell  in  1878,  was  per- 
haps the  most  memorable,  it  was  the  case 
that  settled  the  rights  of  women’s 
separate  property  in  the  State.  He  is 
also  admitted  to  the  Supreme  Court  of 
the  United  States,  and  the  firm  are  at- 
torneys for  the  Atlanta  & Charlotte  Air 
Line  R.  R. . and  the  C.  &.  G.  He  is  at 
present  Solicitor  of  the  8th  Judicial  Cir- 
cuit, embracing  Greenville,  Anderson, 
Abbeville.  Oconee  and  Pickens  counties, 
to  which  place  he  was  appointed  in  1881, 
and  has  continued  to  discharge  the  du- 
ties of  the  post  with  great  credit  to  him- 
self and  the  entire  satisfaction  of  the 
public,  the  bench  and  the  bar.  Col. 
Orr  is  also  a prominent  politician.  Was 
elected  to  the  Legislature  from  Ander- 
son county  in  1874,  and  again  in  1876, 
and  in  the  House  took  an  active  and 
leading  part  in  the  furtherance  of  all 
measures  advanced  for  the  public  wel- 
fare. He  was  also  appointed  on  Hamp- 
ton's staff  in  those  troubulous  times.  1 n 
1872  he  was  assistant  Secretary  of  Lega- 
tion to  Russia,  his  father,  who  was  Gov- 
ernor of  South  Carolina  immediately  af- 
ter the  war,  being  at  that  time  United 
State  Minister  at  St.  Petersburg.  Col. 
Orr  stands  well  and  is  much  respected 
among  his  colleagues. 

He  is  a Master  Mason,  Hiram  Lodge, 
and  also  belongs  to  the  K.  of  H.,  is  a 
weighty  factor  in  the  counsels  that  di- 
rect South  Carolina’s  prosperity,  and  an 
important  magnate  in  the  advancing  in- 
telligence and  increasing  progress  of  the 
Piedmont  country. 


FURMAN  UNIVERSITY 

Is  located  in  the  City’’  of  Greenville. 
The  building,  though  not  extensive,  is 
of  beautiful  design  and  occupies  the 
summit  of  a wooded  height  on  the  wes- 
j tern  side  of  the  Reedy  River.  This 
modest  little  stream  divides  the  place 
into  East  Greenville  and  West  Green- 
ville, and  after  fertilizing  a beautiful 
meadow,  runs  to  a rapid  descent,  and  is 
made  to  help  turn  the  machinery  of  fac- 
tories of  different  kinds. 

The  outlook  from  the  second  and 
third  stories,  and  especially  that  from 
the  tower  is  exceedingly  fine,  no  one 
with  any  sense  of  the  beautiful  can  sur- 
vey it  without  delight. 

We  have  said  that  the  building  is  not 
extensive,  but  it  is  sufficiently  so  for  the 
purpose  for  which  it  was  erected.  This 
embraces  space  for  recitations  and  lec- 
tures, for  library  and  apparatus,  for 
society  rooms  and  chapel.  Besides  the 
halls  and  stair-ways  there  are  fifteen 
rooms  devoted  to  these  particular  uses, 
and  this  suggests 

THE  THEORY  UK  WHICH  THE  INSTITU- 
TION WAS  FOUNDED. 

This  theory  assumed  that  the  prevail- 
ing methods  of  herding  young  men  to- 
gether in  college  dormitories  and  at  col- 
lege boarding  tables  was  unspeakably  dan- 
gerous. It  was  placing  human  beings  at 
the  most  susceptible  period  of  life  into  a 
state  of  intense  temptation,  and  without 
the  safeguards  and  restraints  which  the 
author  of  our  nature  intended  we  should 
have  in  the  influence  of  the  family  and  the 
home.  Even  grown  men  find  it  exceed- 
ingly easy  to  degenerate  in  camp  life. 
Cowled  monks,  with  the  vows  of  celibacy 
upon  them,  are  less  pure  than  they 
would  have  been  in  the  more  normal 
condition.  And  then  every  bold,  bad 
youth  is  by  proximity  and  the  esprit 
de  corps  placed  in  a position  to  exert 
the  most  potent  and  wide-spread  influ- 
ence on  his  fellows.  It  is  easier  for  him 
to  gain  access  to  others;  his  followers  are 
more  consolidated  and  their  influence  is 
easily  added  to  his  own;  and  thus  the 
shy  and  modest  youth  who  would  rather 
be  discreet  and  moral  is  swept  from  his 
integrity  by  influence  which  would  not 
have  reached  him  in  his  home.  But  as 
every  family  cannot  have  a college  near 


State  of  South  Carolina. 


8i 


its  home,  the  next  best  tiling  is  to  have 
the  college  arranged  for  the  dwelling  of 
its  pnpils,  where  the  best  substitute  for 
their  homes  can  he  found.  The  stu- 
dents boarding  in  small  numbers,  in  sep- 
arate families,  get  to  feel  that  they  are 
for  the  time  being  in  some  sort  identified 
with  those  families,  and  find  in  this  re- 
lation a powerful  incentive  to  virtuous 
living  and  to  the  formation  of  orderly 
habits  and  good  manners.  An  experiment 


its  inception  the  institution  embraced 
three  departments:  the  Academic,  the 
| Collegiate  and  the  Theological;  and  it 
was  in  contemplation  to  establish  a law 
department  and  perhaps  one  of  medicine. 
Hence  the  comprehensive  title  conferred 
in  the  charter.  The  first  interference 
with  the  carrying  out  of  this  original  de- 
: sign  grew  out  of  the  occasion  of  a felt 
! necessity  for  establishing  a Baptist 
i Theological  Seminary  for  the  South.  To 


meet  this  exigency,  the  South  Carolina 
Baptists  proposed  to  give  up  the  Theo- 
logical department  of  the  University, 
that  it  might  become  the  nucleus  of  a 
Theological  Seminary  for  the  Southern 
States,  this  proposal  was  acceded  to, 
and  thus  one  important  limit  of  Fur- 
man University  was  lost.  The  law  de- 
partment was  about  to  go  into  operation 
when  the  war  occured,  and  thus  this  de- 
sign was  defeated.  Of  what  endow- 
ment had  been  gathered,  a good  part 
perished  in  the  destruction  of  bank  and 
bridge  stocks  and  of  private  persons, 
some  of  the  wealthiest  patrons  before 
the  war  having  become  the  poorest  of 
our  people.  It  was  a task  of  great  diffi- 
culty to  keep  the  institution  afloat.  This 
was  done  only  by  great  personal  sacrifi- 
ces of  some  of  the  instructors,  by  con- 
tenting themselves  with  very  small  corn- 


extending  over  more  than  a quarter  of  a 
century  has  justfied  the  wisdom  of  this 
rudimental  idea.  No  thirty  years  of 
any  collegiate  institution,  anywhere, 
will  furnish  a better  record  of  good  con- 
duct than  has  been  furnished  in  the  his- 
tory of  Furman  University.  There  has 
never  been  any  variance  between  the 
students  and  the  people  of  the  town,  the 
coming  of  students  has  always  been  wel- 
comed by  the  citizens,  and  their  depart- 
nre  at  vacation  season  is  always  a matter 
of  regret,  and  the  last  session,  like  others 
that  have  preceded  it,  passed  away_ with- 
out a single  case  of  disorder  sufficiently 
serious  to  require  the  notice  of  the  Fae- 
nlty. 

THE  TITLE  OF  UNIVERSITY, 


fixed  by  the  act  of  incorporation,  prom- 
ises more  than  the  inquirer  realizes.  In 


City  op  Greenville, 


pensation,  and  pushing  plans  for  its 
maintenance  for  a few  years  at  a time. 
To  them  the  thought  of  the  loss  of  our 
young  men  was  not  to  be  endured.  It 
was  Worse  than  the  loss  of  pro- 
perty. Vacations  were  spent  in  solicit- 
ing aid,  until  the  Way  seemed  to  he 
opened  for  an  attempt  at  permanent  en- 
dowment. This  attempt  was  made  and 
more  than  $200,000  in  individual  bonds 
were  obtained,  conditioned  on  the  Uni- 
versity’s giving  free  tuition  for  ten  years. 
The  bonds  matured  however  at  the  time 
of  the  great  financial  panic  in  1876. 
Some  of  the  donors  of  bonds  had  become 
bankrupt.  The  agency  work  had  in 
some  instances  been  blunderingly  per- 
formed. Good  men  alleged  that  they 
had  not  understood  the  terms  of  the  ob- 
ligations they  had  assumed,  and  they 
blamed  the  agents.  One  party,  well 
able  to  pay  his  bond  raised  the  question 
of  the  validity  of  the  bonds  and  refused 
to  pay  unless  compelled  by  law;  and  when 
he  was  cast  in  court,  some  good  brethren 
took  it  for  granted  that  the  Board  of 
Trustees  were  about  to  employ  legal 
force  to  compel  instant  payment  by  all 
who  had  given  bonds.  Representations 
to  this  effect  produced  such  a disagree- 
able impression  on  the  public  mind  that 
the  way  was  prepared  for  a resolution 
adopted  by  the  Baptist  Convention,  (the 
body  which  appoints  the  Board  of  Trust- 
ees) which  virtually  pronounced  the 
bonds  not  collectable.  This  virtually 
stripped  the  University  of  its  endow- 
ment except  a few  thousand  dollars 
which  had  been  paid  in  on  the  bonds. 

The  ten  years’  free  tuition,  under  the 
circumstances  could  not  be  carried  out. 
Charge  for  tuition  became  necessary  as 
means  of  providing  income. 

Dr.  Charles  Manly  was  called  to  the 
presidency  of  the  University  in  August, 
1881,  and  since  that  time  the  expenses 
have  been  met  in  part  from  the  tuition 
fees  and  an  income  of  about  $2,000  a year 
from  invested  funds,  and  in  part 
from  voluntary  contributions  from  the 
churches. 

There  has  been  an  average  attendance 
of  about  80  students,  nearly  one-tliird  of 
whom  have  been  pursuing  studies  with 
reference  to  the  ministry,  and  add  noth- 
ing to  the  income  of  the  University. 

Recognizing  the  imperative  necessity 


for  increase  of  the  permanent  endow- 
ment, a movement  to  this  end  has  been 
begun  under  the  direction  of  the  Board 
of  Trustees,  by  which  it  is  proposed  to 
add  as  speedily  as  possible  not  less  than 
$50,000  to  the  endowment  now  existing. 

AX  ACADEMIC  DEPARTMENT 

Is  provided  in  which  students  are  pre- 
pared to  enter  regular  college  classes,  or 
may  review  studies  in  which  they  are 
found  to  be  deficient.  The  success  of 
this  department  has  shown  the  wisdom 
of  establishing  it. 

The  present  Faculty  are: 

Charles  Manly,  D.  D.,  President — 
English  Language  and  Literature. 

James  C.  Furman,  D.  D. — Intellec- 
tual and  Moral  Philosophy  and  Logic. 

C.  II.  Judson,  LL.  D. — Mathematics 
and  Mechanical  Philosophy. 

H.  T.  Cook,  A.  B. — Ancient  Lan- 
guages. 

G.  D.  Purinton,  A.  M. — Physics  and 
Chemistry. 

Walter  W.  Brown,  A.  M. — Principal 
Academic  Department, 

R.  E.  Gaines,  A.  B. — Assistant, 

THE  ANNUAL  SESSION 

Begins  the  third  Wednesday  in  Sep- 
tember, at  10  o'clock  A.  M.,  when  it  is 
important  that  every  student  shall  be 
promptly  present.  The  Session  closes 
the  third  Wednesday  in  June. 

TWO  LITERARY  SOCIETIES, 

The  Philosoph ian  and  the  A delphian, 
hold  weekly  meetings  in  their  respective 
halls,  and  are  important  aids  to  literary 
and  general  culture. 

EXPENSES. 

The  session  is  divided  into  two  terms, 
the  second  begining  the  first  day  of  Feb- 
ruary. All  charges  are  to  be  paid  in  ad- 
vance, for  each  term,  as  follows: 

ACADEMIC  DEPARTMENT. 


English  course $20  00 

Full  classical  course 25  00 

Incidental  fee 2 50 

COLLEGE  DEPARTMENT. 

Tuition,  three  schools ...  $30  00 

Each  additional  sc.iool 5 00 

Incidental  fee  5 00 


State  of  South  Carolina. 


83 


Board  per  month,  including  fuel  and 
lights,  §10.00  to  $16.00. 

Society  fees  and  books  about  $15.00. 

For  catalogue,  or  further  particulars, 
address 

H.  T.  Cook, 
Secretary  of  Faculty. 

Charles  Manly,  D.  D., 

President  and  Professor . of  English 
Language  and  literature, 

Son  of  Dr.  Basil  and  Sarah  M.  Manly, 
was  born  in  Charleston,  S.  C.,  28th 
May,  1837.  He  was  prepared  for  col- 
lege at  Tuscaloosa,  Ala.,  in  the  school 
of  R.  Furman,  and  graduated  from  the 
University  of  Alabama  11th  July,  1855; 
licensed  to  preach  by  the  Tuscaloosa 
Baptist  Church  2d  October,  1855;  grad- 
uated from  Princeton  Theological  Semi- 
nary-, N.  J.,  29th  April,  1859,  and  was 
ordained  pastor  of  the  church  in  Tusca- 
loosa on  the  19th  June  following.  He 
continued  in  this  field  of  labor  until 
called  to  the  church  at  Murfreesborough, 
Tenn.,  24th  September,  1871,  whence 
he  removed  to  Staunton,  Ya.,  as  pastor 
of  the  church  there,  12th  October.  1873. 
Dr.  Manly  was  connected  either  as  pro- 
fessor or  president,  from  1860  to  1873, 
with  the  Alabama  Female  College,  and 
as  president  with  Union  University, 
Murfreesborough,  from  September,  1871, 
to  September,  1873.  The  degree  of  A.  M. 
was  conferred  upon  him  by  the  Univer- 
sity of  Alabama  in  1859,  and  the  degree 
of  D.  D.  by  the  William  Jewell  College 
in  1872.  Dr.  Manly  has  contributed 
frequently  to  the  Religious  Herald.  In 
his  pastoral  labors  he  has  been  very  suc- 
cessful and  is  a polished  and  vigorous 
preacher.  He  came  to  Greenville  in 
1880,  was  pastor  of  the  church  here  till 
elected  president  of  the  University  two 
years  ago. 

J.  C.  Furman,  D.  D., 

Professor  of  Logic  and  Moral  Phil- 
osophy, 

Was  born  in  Charleston,  S.  C.,  5th  De- 
cember, 1809.  He  was  educated  at 
Charleston  College.  In  1828  he  was 
baptized  by  Dr.  Manly.  He  then  en- 
tered the  ministry  and  rendered  efficient 
service  in  the  great  revivals  in  Edgefield, 
Beaufort  and  Robertsville.  For  several 


years  he  was  pastor  at  Society  Hill,,  one 
of  the  most  refined  communities  in  the 
State.  At  the  earnest  request  of  the 
second  church  in  Charleston  he  accepted 
a call  as  its  pastor,  but  as  the  church  at 
Society  Hill  resolved  to  renew  their  call 
annually  he  felt  it  his  duty  to  return  to 
them.  In  1843  he  entered  upon  a pro- 
fessorship in  Furman  Theological  Insti- 
tution. In  concert  with  Professors 
Mims  and  Edwards  he  elaborated  a plan 
for  a broader  system  of  education,  which 
resulted  in  the  establishment  of  the 
Furman  University,  of  which  he  was 
long  president.  He  was  many  years 
Moderator  of  the  Baptist  State  Conven- 
tion. During  his  whole  connection  with 
the  University  he  has  never  neglected 
the  ministry.  He  was  pastor  of  the 
Greenville  church  two  years  and  at 
another  for  three  and  a half.  He  is  a 
son  of  Dr.  Richard  Furman  of  Revolu- 
tionary fame.  He  is  a man  of  broad 
culture  and  fervent  piety,  and  his  life 
has  been  fruitful  in  good  work  and  in- 
fluences. 

C.  H.  Judson,  LL.D., 
Professor  of  Mathematics. 

Professor  Judson  was  born  in  Monroe 
Township,  Conn.,  20th  April,  1820. 
His  early  opportunities  were  limited  to 
the  common  school.  At  eighteen  his 
attention  was  powerfully  turned  to  the 
subject  of  religion  under  the  preaching 
of  Rev.  J.  Robards.  Some  remarks  of 
that  minister  called  his  attention  to 
Locke’s  “Essay  on  the  Human  Under- 
standing,” which  he  read  with  eager 
interest,  which  opened  up  before  him  a 
new  field  of  thought.  He  then  resolved 
to  secure  an  education.  He  spent  two 
years  at  Hamilton  Literary  and  Theo- 
logical Institute.  He  taught  three 
years  in  Virginia  and  spent  two  years  in 
the  University  of  Virginia,  graduating 
in  the  five  schools.  He  taught  Dr.  Har- 
rison’s family,  and  during  ’46,  ’7  and  ’8 
he  was  Principal  of  the  Lisbon  Insti- 
tute. He  was  then  one  year  at  War- 
rington. N.  C..  and  came  to  Greenville 
in  1851,  when  he  was  elected  Professor 
of  Mathematics  and  Natural  Philosophy 
in  Furman  University,  which  post  he 
held  till  the  war  broke  out,  when  the 
University  closed.  During  the  war  he 


84 


City  of  Greenville, 


was  President  of  the  Female  College. 
In  1869  he  was  called  to  his  old  position 
in  the  University,  which  he  still  holds. 
In  1878  he  resigned  his  position  as  Pres- 
ident of  the  Female  College. 

The  Professor  is  one  of  the  most 
prominent  Baptists  of  this  State  and 
the  United  States,  and  in  his  scientific 
relations  he  is  known  to  the  world.  His 
papers  have  been  copied  into  the  leading 
scientific  journals  of  the  day.  One  of 
his  latest  “An  Investigation  of  the 
Mathematical  Relations  between  Zero 
and  Infinity,”  is  noticed  in  full  in  the 
Analyst  for  1881.  He  assisted  in  com- 
piling Wentworth’s  Geometry,  1879,  and 
he  published  and  assisted  in  revising 
many  other  text  books  on  Geometry. 
As  a mathematician  he  has  probably  no 
superior  in  the  South.  He  was  elected 
Treasurer  of  the  University  in  1855, 
and  for  this  position  he  is  well  suited, 
in  virtue  of  his  methodical  habits  and 
great  financial  ability.  He  has  been 
delegate  to  almost  all  the  State  and  Na- 
tional Baptist  Conventions  in  recent 
years — Charleston,  Savannah,  Balti- 

more, St.  Louis,  etc.  He  was  appointed 
Treasurer  of  the  Baptist  State  Conven- 
tion in  1859,  but  resigned  in  1881. 

Professor  H.  T.  Cook 
Was  born  on  the  23d  April,  1848,  at 
Mill  Way,  Abbeville  county;  was  raised 
there  and  prepared  for  College  under 
Mr.  R.  J.  Robinson  and  Prof.  E.  L. 
Patton.  He  graduated  from  Furman 
University  in  1873;  taught  in  J.  B. 
Patrick’s  High  School  in  Greenville  till 
1881,  when  he  was  elected  to  the  chair 
of  Ancient  Languages  at  Furman  Uni- 
versity. 


GREENVILLE  FEMALE  COL- 
LEGE. 

President,  A.  S.  Townes. 

This  educational  institution  is  entitled 
to  a prominent  place  in  our  pages,  not 
only  by  reason  of  the  high  reputation  it 
justly  enjoys,  but  on  account  of  its  be- 
ing the  largest  female  seminary  in  the 
State,  its  pupils  numbering  this  year, 
185 ; 120  of  these  are  in  the  collegiate, 
the  remainder  in  the  primary  and  aca- 
demic departments.  The  college,  which 
is  one  of  the  handsome  edifices  of  Green- 


ville, is  beautifully  located  in  the  pleasant- 
est portion  of  the  city,  in  the  centre  of 
extensive  grounds,  which  are  at  the  full 
disposal  of  students  for  passiug  their 
leisure  hours  in.  On  the  basement  of  the 
house  is  a large  dining  room,  a kitchen 
and  store  rooms;  the  first  floor  is  devoted 
to  the  class  rooms  and  Principal’s  resi- 
dence, the  second  is  entirely  occupied  by 
more  spacious  and  airy  school  rooms,  and 
the  top  floor  is  comfortably  furnished  for 
hoarders,  who  amount  now  to  over  60  in 
number  ; these  also  find  part  accommo- 
dation in  the  large  and  commodious  resi- 
dence, recently  purchased  by  the  Presi- 
dent, adjacent  to  the  college  and  joined 
to  the  main  building  by  a covered  porch. 
The  course  given  to  the  students  is  of  a 
high  order,  is  most  thorough,  extensive 
and  complete,  and  comprises  the  teach- 
ing of  English  in  all  its  branches,  par- 
ticular attention  being  paid  to  the  study 
of  the  poets,  German,  French.  Latin. 
Mathematics,  Physical,  Mental  and 
Moral  Science,  Ancient  and  Modern 
History,  etc.  A scientific  course  in  pen- 
manship is  given  by  Prof.  J.  M.  Perry, 
for  which  the  extra  charge  is  only  83  per 
term,  and  also  calisthenics.  The  music 
pupils  attend  the  Conservatory  of 
Music,  ([.  v.  Drawing  and  Painting  is 
under  the  charge  of  the  Lady  Principal, 
and  Ornamental  and  Fancy  Work  is 
taught  at  the  rate  of  25  to  50  cents  per 
lesson.  The  societies  of  the  college,  the 
Judson,  the  Lula  Whilden  Missionary 
and  the  Girl's  Temperance  Union,  over 
all  of  which  the  faculty  exercise  a judi- 
cious foresight,  form  important  features 
in  its  work,  and  the  College  Mirror  is 
published  monthly  by  the  Judson  Socie- 
ty. For  further  information  send  for 
catalogue,  mailed  free  to  any  address. 

history. 

In  1853  the  Baptist  State  Convention 
of  South  Carolina  appointed  a commit- 
tee to  take  into  consideration  the  subject 
of  female  education  as  a denomina- 
tional interest.  At  the  ensuing  meeting 
of  the  convention  held  in  Greenville  in 
1854.  the  committee  reported:  urging 
the  establishing  of  a ••Female  College  of 
high  order,”  and  in  order  to  secure  a lib- 
eral education  for  young  ladies,  recom- 
mended that  the  ••standard  of  attain- 
ment he  high,.” 


State  of  South  Carolina 


85 


The  names  of  such  eminent  educators 
as  Duncan,  Sams,  Judson  and  others, 
and  their  connection  with  the  College, 
form  part  of  its  long  and  honored  his- 
tory. 

In  1878  Prof.  C.  H.  Judson  resigned, 
and  was  succeeded  by  the  present  incum- 
bent. The  corps  of  instructors  associated 
with  him  rank  among  the  most  expe- 
rienced in  the  State.  President  A.  S. 
Townes,  who  is  widely  known  as  an  em- 
inently successful  teacher,  and  as  a 
scholar  of  culture  and  thought,  is  a na- 
tive of  Greenville,  and  received  his  edu- 
tion  at  Furman  University,  graduating 
from  here  in  1861.  In  the  war  he  served 
4 years  with  the  Hampton  Legion,  and 
was  present  at  Appomattox.  His  career 
as  a teacher  commenced  with  a private 
school.  He  later  became  tutor  in  the 
University,  and  afterwards  was  18 
months  in  Europe,  at  the  Universities  of 
Heidelberg  and  Leipzig,  where  he  made 
a specialty  of  languages  and  philosophy. 
He  was  President,  in  turn,  of  the  Female 
Colleges  at  Madison,  Greensboro’  and 
Home,  Ga.,  and  in  ’78,  as  above  stated, 
became  President  of  this  institution. 
Greenville  has  made  quite  an  acquisition 
in  him.  When  he  came  to  the  school, 
owing  to  the  limited  time  which  his  pre- 
decessor could  devote  to  its  interests,  it 
was  in  a rather  low  condition,  but  under 
his  untiring  efforts  and  close  attention, 
has  made  steady  progress,  over  60  pupils 
having  been  added  to  its  call-roll  since 
his  incumbency.  With  such  a staff  of 
teachers  and  the  care  exercised  over  the 
establishment  by  the  Principal  and  his 
wife,  the  school  affords  a most  efficient 
course  of  education  for  its  pupils,  who 
coming  from  the  best  families  of  South 
Carolina  and  other  States,  form  a pleas- 
ant and  exemplary  chaste  society  wherein 
to  develope  and  instruct  the  daughters  of 
our  land.  The  staff  of  teachers  include 
Miss  May  C.  Judson,  sister  of  Prof.  C.  H. 
Judson,  one  of  the  most  gifted  and 
highly  accomplished  ladies  of  the  South. 
Many  other  institutions  North  and  West 
have  invited  her,  at  large  salary,  but  she 
remains  attached  to  Greenville.  Miss  C. 
D.  Dawson,  a Charleston  lady,  formerly 
with  the  Normal  School,  has  been  long 
connected  with  the  College,  is  teacher  of 
French  and  other  branches,  and  has  a 
reputation  second  to  none.  Miss  F.  G. 


Bibb,  governess  of  boarding  depart- 
ment, is  a Virginia  lady,  happily  consti- 
tuted for  that  responsible  post,  deserves 
and  receives  the  enthusiastic  admiration 
of  all  her  pupils.  Others,  though 
younger,  are  admirably  suited  for  their 
separate  departments. 

In  addition  to  his  co-laborers  just  al- 
luded to,  the  President  has  the  pleasure 
of  announcing  the  accession  to  the  Fac- 
ulty of  Miss  Susie  C.  Hamner,  late  As- 
sociate Principal  of  Richmond  Female 
Institute,  Ya.  Miss  Hamner  brings  with 
her  an  experience  of  ten  years  of  emi- 
nent success  as  a teacher.  In  the  sum- 
mer of  1883  she  traveled  in  Europe,  hav- 
ing in  her  charge  several  young  ladies, 
her  former  pupils. 


GREENVILLE  CONSERVA- 
TORY OF  MUSIC. 

Among  the  recent  additions  to  the 
educational  system  of  South  Carolina, 
the  above  institution  is  worthy  of  special 
mention,  as  it  affords  means  for  attain- 
ing a degree  of  training  in  this  study 
not  duplicated  by  any  other  in  the 
State,  and  not  surpassed  by  any  in  the 
Union.  The  building,  a large  three- 
story  one,  54x43  feet  in  dimensions, 
with  an  extension  of  25  feet,  took  two 
years  to  erect,  being  completed  this  fall. 
It  is  located  on  College  Street,  in  a 
pleasant  part  of  the  city,  and  contains 
22  airy  and  spacious  rooms.  The  outer 
walls  of  the  building  are  built  with  a 
view  to  prevent  the  dampness  from  with- 
out penetrating  to  the  interior;  every 
precaution  is  given  for  exit  is  case  of 
fire;  a second  staircase  leads  outward  in 
the  rear,  and  the  house  having  been 
built  with  the  intention  of  making  it 
healthful  and  comfortable,  no  pains 
have  been  spared  in  adding  all  the  most 
modern  architectural  and  sanitary  im- 
provements, including  bath-rooms  and 
their  accompaniments.  The  building  is 
evenly  heated  by  a steam-heater  in  the 
basement,  and  water  and  gas  are  supplied 
throughout  the  whole.  On  the  first 
floor  are  located  residence  and  music 
rooms;  the  second  is  entirely  taken  up 
by  class-rooms,  and  the  top  floor  is  occu- 
pied by  the  comfortable  dormitories  for 
boarders.  Seven  pianos,  selected  from  the 
I best  makers  in  the  country,  two  organs 


86 


City  of  Greenville, 


and  other  instruments  are  used.  The 
school  is  a distinct  non-sectarian  insti- 
tution. 

A most  thorough  course  in  all  the 
branches  of  musical  science  is  given; 
the  method  used  in  the  school  is  simpli- 
fied, systematic  and  easy;  pupils  are 
taught  reading  and  writing  of  music. 
In  reading,  seven  clefts  are  introduced  for 
transposition;  intervals  are  written  in 
columns,  then  recited;  major  and  minor 
scales  are  written,  and  questions  thereon 
afterwards  put;  all  tne  chords  are  writ- 
ten in  the  different  positions  and  inver- 
sions, then  examination  thereon.  This 
is  taught  more  systematically  and  thor- 
oughly than  elsewhere;  gives  the  pupil 
an  intimate  knowledge  of  thorough-bass 
and  to  read  at  first  sight.  An  incident 
at  the  late  Commencement  will  be 
enough  to  explain  the  excellence  of  Prof. 
DeCamp’s  method.  In  the  programme 
it  had  been  arranged  for  three  pupils  to 
play  a piece;  the  young  lady  appointed 
to  play  in  the  middle  of  the  other  two 
performers  not  arriving  in  time,  one  of 
the  advanced  scholars  was  chosen  to  fill 
the  vacancy,  and  though  not  having 
even  known  the  name  of  the  jiiece  be- 
forehand, by  scanning  the  notes  a few 
times  she  was  enabled  to  perform,  and 
played  through  the  whole  with  marked 
expression  and  sans  faute. 

Certificates  of  proficiency  and  diplo- 
mas, are  granted  to  pupils  who  have 
reached  the  high  standard  of  excellence 
required  of  them.  One  of  the  graduates. 
Miss  Leda  C.  Kennedy,  took  the  first 
prize  at  the  Orlings  Institute  in  Vir- 
ginia, after  receiving  the  diploma.  She 
is  now  teaching  piano  and  rudiments  of 
music  in  the  Greenville  Conservatoire. 
Terms  begin  in  February  and  Septem- 
ber, each  continuing  20  weeks.  Special 
pupils  will  be  received  for  J uly.  There 
are  over  70  scholars  attending  at  pres- 
ent, most  of  whom  are  connected  with 
the  Female  Academy,  and  several  young 
men  are  also  students.  Prof.  M.  G.  De- 
Camps,  the  originator,  director  and  owner 
of  this  establishment,  which  forms  such 
an  important  adjunct  to  the  Moun- 
tain City,  is  a native  of  Belgium,  and 
has  been  a close  student  of  the  science 
and  practice  of  music  from  his  earliest 
days.  He  came  to  the  United  States  in 
1860,  and  was  before  and  during  the 


war  in  Lebanon,  Pa.  In  1867  he  re- 
turned to  Brussels  and  took  a full 
course  of  private  lessons  under  the 
learned  professors  of  the  celebrated 
Conservatoire  of  that  city,  from 
which  he  graduated  and  returned  to 
America,  and  has  been  since  identi- 
fied with  the  educational  system  of 
Greenville.  We  need  hardly  say,  the 
; Professor  is  thoroughly  at  home  in 
all  branches  of  the  science.  He  is 
ably  assisted  by  his  wife,  professionally 
and  otherwise,  and  gives  the  most  care- 
ful attention  to  his  pupils’  studies,  ad- 
vancement in  their  exercises  and  the 
comfort  and  welfare  of  their  boarders, 
who  find  this  a pleasant  home.  Prof. 
DeCamps’  efforts  have  met  with  most 
gratifying  success;  the  number  of  his 
pupils  rapidly  increases,  and  his  Con- 
servatoire is  an  institution  of  which  the 
State  may  well  be  as  proud  as  the  people 
of  Greenville  are  of  the  Professor  and 
his  building,  which,  under  the  surveil- 
lance of  his  artistic  eye,  is  regarded  as 
the  most  tasteful  and  ornamental  build- 
ing in  the  city. 

Prof.  DeCamps  is  gratified  that  he 
has  a piano  he  can  recommend  as  being 
of  a first-class  order,  and  will  keep  tune 
as  well  as  any  instrument  he  ever  used. 
It  is  made  by  I vers  & Pond,  of  Boston. 


JULIUS  C.  SMITH, 

Insurance,  Beal  Estate,  Auction- 
eer, Commission,  Agricultural 
Implements,  Etc.,  Court  Square. 

The  progress  of  a community  depends, 
not  so  much  upon  the  natural  advantages 
and  facilities  she  may  be  endowed  with, 
as  upon  the  character  of  her  jieople.  and 
prominent  among  those  who  have  aided 
and  abetted  the  social  and  material  ad- 
vancement of  this,  the  most  prosperous 
City  of  the  State,  we  note  the  above  gen- 
tleman, who,  though  born  in  Charleston, 
has  been  long  identified  with  the  welfare 
of  this  section  of  South  Carolina.  His 
present  business  he  started  in  1867.  since 
when  he  has,  to  meet  the  increase  of  his 
affairs,  made  various  alterations  in  his 
premises.  The  building  he  now  occupies, 
a spacious  and  airy  brick  one  524x60  feet, 
he  erected,  after  being  burned  out.  this 
year,  fitting  it  in  the  most  modern 
style  and  with  all  the  conveniences  for 


§ta$e  of  South  Carolina. 


87 


carrying  out  his  operations  with  expedi- 
tion.  In  the  specific  lines  of  business  he 
follows  he  does  an  important  trade,  and 
collectively  has,  perhaps,  a greater 
amount  of  transactions  than  any  other 
single  merchant  in  the  up-country.  The 
insurance  business  Mr.  Smith  commenced 
sixteen  years  ago  with  the  Liverpool, 
London  and  Globe,  the  largest  company 
in  the  world,  and  then  took  up  in  order 
the  Home,  of  N.  Y.,  the  Niagara,  of  N.  Y., 
the  Phoenix,  of  Hartford,  the  Scot. 
Union  and  Nat.,  and  lastly,  the  Equi- 
table Life,  of  N.  Y.,  the  largest  life 
insurance  company  on  the  continent. 

In  real  estate,  in  auctioneering  and  in 
commission,  he  likewise  has  an  extensive 
patronage,  being  thoroughly  familiar 
with  the  details  of  these  lines  of  business. 
Of  fertilizers  he  handles  over  800  tons 
annually,  the  old  reliable  W&ndo  Guanos, 
and  Acids,  and  German  Kainit.  Of 
agricultural  implements  he  carries  a 
comprehensive  stock,  valued  at  some 
$10,000,  of  the  best  machines  manufac- 
tured, including  Wood,  Tabor  & Morse’s, 
Waltertown  & Book  waiter  steam  engines, 
Wilks  & Liddell’s  saw  mills,  C.  Aultman 
& Co’s,  mowers  and  reapers,  Cardwell  & 
Hibner’s  threshers,  Brown  & Deere’s  and 
Climax  walking  and  riding  cultivators, 
Columbus  and  Cincinnati  buggies,  Cooke, 
Fish  & Brown’s  and  Cortland  wagons, 
and  the  famous  Avery  plows;  Dow  Law 
and  Terry’s  cotton  planters,  the  Thomas 
smoothing  and  the  Randall  harrows, 
Pratt’s  & Winship’s  cotton  gins,  feeders 
and  condensers,  etc.,  etc.  It  is  hardly 
necessary  for  us  to  state  that  the  goods 
emanating  from  this  establishment  are 
unsurpassed,  guaranteed  and  sold  at 
factory  jn’ices. 

Mr.  Smith  is  likewise  interested  in 
many  other  undertakings  in  the  county. 
In  the  war  he  was  connected  with  the 
State  Works  in  Greenville,  is  director  in 
the  Cotton  Seed  Oil  Mill,  the  Camper- 
down  Mills,  etc.  He  is  also  a prominent 
man  publicly,  and  has  been  often  pressed 
to  become  a candidate  for  mayor  and 
other  positions,  but  always  refused.  He 
is  a member  of  the  K.  of  H.,  K.  H. 
Mutual  Aid  and  G.  R.,  and  of  the 
Express  Aid;  is  trustee  of  Furman  Uni- 
versity, and  of  Southern  Baptist  Theo- 
logical Seminary,  formerly  of  Greenville, 
now  located  at  Louisville,  Ky.  A thor- 


ough business  man  in  all  his  undertak- 
ings, he  may  well  be  classed  as  a bulwark 
of  the  solidity  and  standing  of  the 
Mountain  City. 


ISAAC  WEIL, 

London  and  Liverpool  Clothing 
House,  Mauldin  Block. 

No  other  industry  in  the  United 
States  can  be  said  to  have  made  greater 
advances  or  more  rapid  improvements 
than  that  of  ready-made  clothing. 
From  the  cheap  “slop-shops.”  as  they 
were  popularly  designated,  of  thirty-five 
years  ago,  which  mainly  supplied  sailors 
and  the  very  commonest  classes  the 
trade  has  not  only  increased,  but  may  be 
said  to  have  almost  entirely  superceded 
the  old  fashion  of  either  having  your  suit 
made  by  a custom-tailor,  or,  when  ex- 
pense was  a consideration,  having  your 
wife,  sister  or  mother  attempt  to  make 
it  at  home.  Very  different  is  it  n-ow-a- 
days;  and  when  every  country  town  and 
village  is  provided  with  its  clothing  store, 
Greenville  naturally  does  not  lack  in 
this  line  its  representatives,  promi- 
nent among  which  we  note  the  Great 
London  Clothing  House,  located  un- 
der Masonic  Hall,  in  Mauldin  Block, 
on  Main  Street.  Mr.  Weil  originally 
started  business  on  the  opposite  side  of 
the  street  in  1877,  and  soon  enjoyed  such 
prosperity  that  he  opened  in  1883  his 
present  premises,  and  continued  to  run 
the  two  stores  till  last  spring,  when  he 
consolidated  the  whole  business  into  one. 
The  establishment,  the  largest  in  town, 
occupies  three  spacious  floors,  30x100 
feet  in  extent,  all  urell  arranged  and 
adapted,  with  every  facility  and  con- 
venience for  the  business.  The  stock, 
averaging  some  $20,000  in  value,  is 
neatly  and  tastefully  displayed  on  the 
many  tables  and  shelves,  giving  intend- 
ing purchasers  every  opportunity  and 
indulgence  in  examining  the  abundant 
variety  and  selecting  something  suitable. 

The  goods  comprise  a complete  assort- 
ment of  gents’,  youths’,  boys’  and  chil- 
dren’s clothing,  in  the  latest  and  most 
fashionable  styles.  The  trade  extends 
throughout  this  and  the  adjacent  coun- 
ties, where  the  goods  enjoy  a reputation 
for  uniform  excellence  that  has  led  to  a 
constantly  increasing  demand.  Four 


88 


City  of  Greenville, 


competent  and  obliging  hands  are  em- 
ployed in  the  store,  and  considerable 
jobbing  trade  is  likewise  done. 

Mr.  Weil,  the  enterprising  owner  of 
this  establishment,  is  a native  of  Balti- 
more, and  came  to  Greenville  in  August, 
1877,  since  when  he  has  founded  a 
“name  as  an  energetic  and  experienced 
merchant,  knowing  when  and  how  to 
buy  at  the  lowest  figures,  and  conse- 
quently attracts  hordes  of  customers  by 
the  marvelous  cheapness  at  which  his 
goods  are  offered  for  sale.  He  is  also  a 
popular  member  of  social  circles;  is  a 
Mason  and  Noble  Grand  in  the  Odd-fel- 
lowship,  and  is  a valuable  addition  to 
the  welfare  of  the  Mountain  City,  as  his 
house  tends  to  increase  its  importance  as 
a source  of  supply. 


J.  C.  C.  TURNER, 

Chairs  and  Furniture. 


After  visiting  the  above  establishment 
there  can  be  little  doubt  left  in  the  mind 
of  the  impartial  stranger  that  Green- 
ville justly  lays  claim  to  possessing  busi- 
ness houses  superior  to  those  of  any  other 
city  in  our  State,  and  having  but  few 
equals  in  any  locality  in  the  South.  The 
above  firm  founded  in  18G9,  having  al- 
ways been  under  the  sole  management  of 
its  present  owner,  is  certainly  one  of  the 
leading  in  its  line  in  South  Carolina, 
and  is  one  of  those  institutions  which 
have  mainly  tended  to  advance  our  city 
to  its  present  eminence. 

Mr.  Turner  has  been  at  his  present 
stand,  centrally  located  on  McBee  Ave- 
nue, near  corner  Main  Street,  for  some 
4 years,  and  his  store  is  well  known  to 
all  who  ever  visit  the  city,  and  his  name 
is  a household  word  all  over  this  State 
and  in  Georgia  and  North  Carolina, 
where  his  goods  are  being  daily  called 
for.  The  premises  here  consist  of  a two- 
story  building,  40xG0  feet  in  extent,  and 
on  the  west  side  of  the  river  he  has  a 
large  two  story  warehouse,  60x100  feet. 


Everything  is  arranged  with  a full  view 
to  the  expeditious  handling  of  goods, 
and  he  enjoys  all  facilities  for  enabling 
orders  to  be  filled  with  promptness  and 
dispatch.  The  stock,  valued  at  over 
$10,000,  embraces  all  descriptions  of 
household,  office  and  hotel  furniture, 
chamber  suits,  bureaus,  washstands, 
tables,  bedsteads  and  mattresses,  cane 
and  wood-seat  chairs,  and  also  a full  line 
of  black  walnut  and  metallic  coffins  and 
caskets.  Supplies  are  obtained  direct 
from  the  leading  manufacturers,  and  sold 
at  prices  not  easily  duplicated.  Mr.  Tur- 
ner is  agent  in  three  counties  for  Tise’s 
famous  Well  Fixture,  superior  to  any 
other  in  existence  and  no  one  who  has 
ever  seen  it  hesitates  for  a moment  to  at 
once  procure  an  article  which  has  proven 
such  a universally  beneficial  invention 
and  preventive  of  the  accidents  that  too 
often  happen  where  children  play  around 
our  wells.  Four  competent  employees 
are  required  in  attending  to  the  various 
duties  of  the  house. 

The  proprietor  is  a native  of  Spartan- 
burg. and  came  to  this  county  in  1852. 
lie  was  engaged  in  mercantile  business 
two  years,  and  later  learned  the  trade  of 
and  was  many  years  a carriage  trimmer. 
He  also  owns  one  of  the  prettiest  farms  in 
the  county, within  a mile  of  the  incorpo- 
! ration,  over  100  acres  in  extent,  worth 
over  $G,000.  He  employs  some  six  hands 
and  grows  good  cotton,  wheat,  oats,  veg- 
etables and  fruit,  fie  is  one  of  our  in- 
fluential and  respected  citizens,  as  his 
house  is  one  of  the  most  solid  and  relia- 
ble in  the  community. 


DANTZLER  & MACKEY, 

Furniture  and  Coffins,  Main 
Street. 

It  is  peculiarly  a pleasure  to  us.  when 
we  have  to  write  of  those  enterprises 
which  have  lately  been  established,  as 
nothing  conduces  so  much  to  the  ad- 
vancement and  prosperity  of  a locality 
as  the  formation  of  new  concerns,  not 
only  for  the  good  they  perform,  but  as 
serving  by  their  success  an  example  of 
the  claims  of  the  community  as  an  im- 
proving market  for  increasing  supply. 

In  keeping  with  these  remarks,  we 
will  speak  of  the  house  of  Dantzler  & 


State  of  South  Carolina. 


89 


Mackey,  which  was  founded  hy  these 
enterprising  gentlemen  in  the  fall  of 
last  year.  The  premises  occupied,  cen- 
trally located  on  Beattie’s  corner,  corner 
of  Main  Street  and  McBee  Avenue,  com- 
prise three  floors,  each  25x90  feet  in 
extent,  including  basement,  main  store 
and  workshop  up-stairs,  neatly  and  well 
arranged,  with  the  view  of  carrying  on 
business  with  expedition.  The  stock, 
valued  at  some  $4,000,  embraces  every 
description  of  furniture,  from  the  most 
elaborate  drawing-room  and  chamber 
suits  to  the  cheapest  class  of  kitchen  or 
garden  tables  and  chairs.  Also  a full 


line  of  window  shades,  chromos,  wooden 
and  metallic  coffins  and  caskets, from  the 
best  makers,  and,  in  fact,  everything 
that  goes  to  make  up  the  stock  of  a first 
class  furniture  establishment.  They 
likewise  manufacture  a large  supply  of 
mattresses.  The  trade  which  is  exten- 
sive and  rapidly  increasing,  spreads 
throughout  Greenville  county  and  gen- 
erally over  upper  South  Carolina  and 
North  Georgia,  where  their  goods  have 
made  an  envied  reputation. 

The  individual  members  of  the  firm, 
Mr.  George  L.  Dantzler  and  James  F. 
Mackey,  are  among  the  city's  go-ahead 
business  men  and  useful  citizens.  The 
first  is  a native  of  Abbeville,  but  has  re- 
sided six  years  in  this  county  ; he  was 
formerly  the  confidential  clerk  of  Col. 
Wm.  Beattie,  deceased,  the  well  known 
dry  goods  merchant  of  this  town  ; he  is 
a Mason,  R.  A.  Chapter  Bascomb,  No. 


80.  The  latter  was  horn  in  Columbia, 
S.  C.,  has  lived  in  Greenville  since  1862. 
He  was  formerly  with  J.  C.  C.  Turner, 
and  attends  more  particularly  to  the  me- 
chanical part  of  the  business,  being  an 
expert  workman  ; he  is  a member  of  the 
city  fire  department.  In  conclusion,  we 
may  say  to  our  readers  at  home  and  at  a 
distance  that  as  this  house  has  deter- 
mined to  increase  the  already  established 
reputation  of  their  goods,  it  would  be  to 
the  advantage  of  those  who  are  not 
already  patrons,  to  investigate  the  above 
facts  by  placing  themselves  in  communi- 
cation with  a firm  whose  goods  give  uni- 
versal satisfaction,  before  sending  orders 
elsewhere. 


FINLAY  BROTHERS, 

Grocers. 

Among  the  various  extensive  and 
growing  commercial  industries  of  this 
city  which  exercise  an  important  influ- 
ence on  our  general  trade  and  bear  the 
marks  of  continued  increase  and  pros- 
perity, none  occupies  a more  useful  and 
significant  station  than  the  grocery 
trade.  Engaged  in  this  department  of 
commerce,  we  find  the  well  known  house 
of  Finlay  Brothers,  which  was  founded 
in  January,  1881,  and  from  its  inception 
has  steadily  augmented  its  transactions 
which  ramify  all  over  this  county  and 
somewhat  into  the  adjacent  territory. 
The  premises  occupied  consist  of  a three 
story  building,  26x80  feet  in  extent,  lo- 
cated on  the  corner  of  Main  and  Coffee 
Streets  in  the  central  portion  of  the  city 
convenient  for  supplying  their  many  cus- 
tomers in  delivering  to  whom  two  wagons 
are  kept  constantly  employed.  The  store 
well  arranged  for  the  handling  of  large 
quantities  of  goods,  affords  ample 
storage  for  the  stock,  which  runs, 
according  to  season,  from  $6,000 
to  $10,000  in  value.  This  embraces  the 
choicest  teas  and  coffees,  standard  N.  O. 
sugars,  syrups  and  molasses,  fresh  and 
salt  provisions,  leading  brands  of  flour, 
all  varieties  of  canned  goods  and  table 
delicacies,  and  a full  line  of  foreign  and 
domestic  fruits  and  pickles,  and  a large 
supply  of  general  country  produce  fresh 
from  the  farm,  and  in  fact  every  thing 
used  in  the  cuisine  of  the  millionaire,  or 
on  the  table  of  the  peasant.  None  hut 


90 


City  of  Greenville, 


the  best  goods  are  sold  and  every  pack- 
age is  guaranteed  as  to  weight  and  qual- 
ity, orders  being  delivered  inside  the 
corporation  if  desired.  Three  experi- 
enced hands  are  employed.  The  mem- 
bers of  this  flourishing  house — Messrs. 
Alexander  and  James  Finlay,  are  natives 
of  Scotland,  and  came  to  the  United 
States  in  1871.  They  are  recognized 
among  our  wide-awake  business  men  and 
valuable  citizens.  They  are  both  Free 
Masons,  conversant  with  every  detail  of 
business  and  the  wants  of  customers; 
they  conduct  their  affairs  on  those  prin- 
ciples of  liberality  and  integrity  which 
places  their  house  among  the  pillars  of 
Greenville’s  commercial  solidity  and  fac- 
tors in  her  advancement. 


NATIONAL  BANK. 

Hamlin  Beattie,  Ppesident. 

In  reviewing  the  commerce  and  indus- 
tries of  South  Carolina,  we  are  devoting 
no  inconsiderable  attention  to  her  mone- 
tary institutions,  believing  that  upon 
their  soundness  depends  in  a great  meas- 
ure the  success  and  prosperity  of  the 
whole. 

The  National  Bank  of  Greenville  was 
established  in  1872  and  has  had  a success- 


ful career. 

Its  capital  is $100,000 

Authorized  capital 200,000 

Surplus 20,000 

Average  deposits 150,000 


a statement  which  shows  its  standing 
and  stability.  The  shares,  $100  par, 
are  selling  at  $130. 

The  building  is  a substantial  and  hand- 
some brick  one,  26x100  feet  in  extent, 
located  on  Main  Street  in  the  centre  of 
the  town.  The  office  is  well  fitted  up 
and  nicely  furnished,  as  are  also  the 
President's  and  Directors’  rooms.  The 
vault,  a large  brick  one,  incloses  one  of 
Hall’s  burglar  proof  chests,  provided 
with  the  latest  triumph  of  American 
genius,  the  time-lock.  The  institution, 
since  its  commencement,  has  been  man- 
aged by  Hamlin  Beattie,  as  President, 
who  is  at  present  assisted  by  W.  E. 
Beattie,  cashier,  a book-keeper,  teller 
and  collector.  The  Board  of  Directors 
includes  names  prominent  in  the  com- 
mercial and  manufacturing  circles  of  the 
State.  Mr,  Beattie  is  a native  of  Green- 


ville, having  been  born  here  in  1835. 
He  graduated  from  Princeton  College  in 
1856  and  read  law  with  B.  F.  Perry, 
being  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1857. 
Having  more  of  a financial  turn  of  mind, 
he  has  not  devoted  particular  attention 
to  the  practice  of  the  profession  in  which 
he  had  fitly  qualified  himself  and  has 
been  engaged  in  many  large  mercantile 
undertakings.  He  has  guarded  with 
scrupulous  care  the  funds  placed  in  the 
care  of  his  bank,  and  the  prosperity 
which  lias  attended  this  institution  indi- 
cates not  only  his  fitness,  but  that  he 
duly  appreciates  the  responsibility  of  the 
trust  reposed  in  him.  He  is,  among 
other  things.  President  of  the  Camper- 
down  Mills.  IIi>  son,  IV.  E.  Beattie, 
was  born  in  Greenville  and  graduated 
from  Princeton  College  in  June,  1882, 
and  since  October  of  the  same  year  has 
performed  the  duties  of  cashier. 


F.  W.  POE  & CO., 

Clothing,  Shoes,  Hats,  etc. 


I util  about  the 
year  1865,  the  sale 
of  ready  made  cloth- 
ing was  confined  to' 
a very  small  volume; 
the  goods  handled 
were  made  of  poor, 
material,  badly  cut. 
and  in  style  and  fin- 
ish bore  nocompar- 
ison  to  the  class  of 
goods  displayed  in 
the  well  conducted 

_ establishments  of 

the  present  day.  They  were  intended  to 
supply  the  demands  of  an  uncritical 
trade,  and  were  made  to  sell  rather  than 
to  wear.  To-day  all  is  changed,  and  the 
finest  productions  of  the  merchant  tailor 
are  duplicated  by  the  retail  dealer  in 
ready-made  clothing.  In  this  connec- 
tion a few  facts  gleaned  concerning  a 
leading  house  of  upper  South  Carolina — 
F.  W.  Poe  & Co.,  of  Greenville,  cannot 
fail  to  be  of  general  interest.  The  busi- 
ness may  be  said  to  have  started  eleven 
years  ago.  In  ’79  Mr.  Poe  removed  to 
this  city  founding  a house  which  to-dav 
adds  as  much  to  the  importance  of 
Greenville  as  a centre  of  supply  as  anv 
other  mercantile  institution  in  our  midst, 


State  of  South  Carolina. 


91 


The  premises  located  on  the  corner  of 
Main  Street  and  McBee  Avenue,  are 
most  substantial  outside  and  attractive 
inside.  They  cover  one  boor  and  base- 
ment cadi  '10x80  feet  in  extent,  the 
latter,  to  meet  the  requirements  of  trade, 
more  e.-psoially  in  the  shoe  depart- 
ment, having  been  added  in  the  spring 
of  %4.  The  stock  averaging  some  $15- 
000,  is  complete.  An  inspection  of  the 
clothing  reveals  the  fact,  that  the  goods 
shown  are  largely  made  from  the  finest 
productions  of  American  and  Foreign 
| woolen  mills,  by  skilled  designers  and 
; workmen,  and  that  the  higher  priced 
goods  are  made  up  in  every  particular 
with  the  same  skill,  care  and  attention, 
which  are  bestowed  upon  similar  goods 
by  merchant  tailors  made  to  order.  The 
range  of  sizes  are  designed  to  fit  all  va- 
rieties of  the  human  form  while  the 
grades  of  style  and  quality  are  sufficient 
to  meet  the  demands  of  the  most  exact- 
ing. In  gents,  ladies'"  and  children’s 
boots  and  shoes,  the  supply  is  similarly 
full,  embracing  the  latest  hand  and  ma- 
chine made  goods  of  the  best  makers,  in 
sizes  to  fit  all  wearers,  and  qualities  to 
suit  all  pockets.  In  the  line  of  men’s 
and  boys’  hats  and  caps,  and  gent’s  fur- 
nishing goods,  the  newest  ISTew  York  and 
London  styles  are  kept  at  prices  which 
invite  the  attention  of  customers.  Par- 
ties wishing  suits  made  to  order  can  also 
be  accommodated,  as  the  firm  employ  a 
first  class  New  York  establishment  for 
this  branch  of  business.  Three  expe- 
rienced hands  are  constantly  busy  in  the 
store,  attending  to  the  wants  of  the  many 
i customers  who  patronize  the  house  from 
1 every  quarter  of  the  State,  and  who 
1 know  where  the  best  value  for  the  money 
i can  be  obtained,  and  a large  jobbing 
e trade  is  likewise  done  over  the  same 
r territory. 

a The  individual  owners  of  this  estab- 
lishment, Messrs.  F.  W.  Poe  and  Jesse 
i R.  Smith,  Jr.,  are  recognized  among  our 

- enterprising  and  reliable  merchants.  The 
)t  first  was  born  in  Montgomery,  Ala.  , and 

- has  resided  in  this  State  since  he  was 
;n  three  years  old;  the  second  is  a native  of 
to  Anderson  county  and  came  here  in  ’79. 
it  They  are  also  Tiseful  members  in  social 
f life  and  in  devoting  their  best  energies 
av  to  the  business,  we  feel  at  liberty  to  say 
it.  that  all  who  effect  relations  with  the 


house  will  derive  advantages  not  readily 
duplicated  elsewhere. 

Mr.  F.  TV.  Poe  represents  in  South 
Carolina  the  well  known  house  of  Ed- 
win Bates  & Co.,  of  New  York,  the 
largest  suppliers  of  clothing  to  the  South- 
ern market,  and  is  always  ready  to  at- 
tend to  orders  received  from  the  trade 
with  promptness.  These  goods  require 
no  comment  at  our  hands,  their  uniform 
excellency  of  manufacture  and  variety 
of  style  is  well  known  and  the  reliability 
of  the  firm  beyond  dispute. 


F.  A.  WALTER, 

Druggist. 

In  descanting  on  the  many  and  varied 
resources  of  the  city  of  Greenville,  with 
the  view  of  conveying  to  the  outside 
world  a knowledge  of  its  importance,  and 
of  the  men  who  contribute  with  their 
brains  and  capital  in  maintaining  its 
prosperity,  we  are  called  upon  to  note  the 
establishment  of  Dr.  F.  A.  Walter,  one 
of  the  leading  drug  stores  of  this  section. 
The  house  was  originally  established  in 
1858  as  Fischer  & Heinitsh,  who  were 
in  1861  succeeded  by  the  Doctor,  who  later 
went  out  of  business,  and  for  two  years 
clerked  to  another  house,  and  in  1878 
opened  on  this  corner. 

The  building,  one  of  the  most 
attractive  in  town,  is  24x90  feet  in 
extent,  situated  on  the  corner  of  Wash- 
ington and  Main  Streets,  in  the  centre 
of  business  activity.  The  stock  of  goods 
which  have  gained  a standard  reputation 
wherever  they  have  been  used,  averages 
in  value  some  $10,000  and  contains  a full 
line  of  domestic  and  imported  drugs  and 
chemicals  of  the  best  makers,  French, 
German  and  English  perfumery,  fancy 
articles,  toilet  necessaries,  and  all  the 
latest  patent  and  proprietary  medicines. 
To  the  compounding  of  physicians’  and 
family  prescriptions  careful  attention  is 
given,  the  assistants,  like  their  master, 
being  also  trustworthy  pharmacists. 
Everything  in  connection  with  this  insti- 
tution is  in  fact  first-class,  and  the  estab- 
lishment is  one  which  the  city  could  not 
well  do  without.  Dr.  Walter  himself  is 
too  well-known  to  require  much  personal 
comment.  He  was  born  in  the  State  of 
New  Jei’sey  and  entered  the  drug  busi- 
ness in  1841,  remaining  many  years  in 


City  of  Greenville, 


§2 


Niagara  Falls,  New  York  State.  He 
graduated  at  the  New  York  Pharmaceu- 
tical Board  in  1853,  and  later  went  West 
some  time.  He  came  South  in  ’58  and  has 
since  been  identified  with  the  prosperity 
of  the  Mountain  City.  He  is  one  of  the 
moving  spirits  in  the  community,  was  an 
Alderman  one  term  and  is  altogether  a 
prominent  society  man,  being  a Mason, 
Odd  Fellow  and  Knight  of  Honor,  and 
likewise  a leading  member  of  the  Epis- 
copal Church.  A man  of  enterprise  and 
of  long  experience,  his  success  is  but  a 
natural  consequence  of  the  application 
of  these  qualities,  as  his  high  standing 
is  the  outcome  of  fair  dealing,  liberal 
mindedness  and  a courteous  bearing 
towards  all  whom  he  may  come  in  con- 
tact with. 


JAEVSES  M.  DICKSON, 

Dry  and  Fancy  Goods,  Etc.,  Main 
Street. 

Among  the  wide-awake  men  of  this 
enterprising  city,  we  note  the  above,  who 
is  well  and  favorably  known  to  the  resi- 
dents of  Greenville.  The  establishment 
which  he  conducts,  centrally  located  in 
Hahn’s  Block  on  Main  Street,  occupies  a 
spacious  floor  25x80  feet  in  dimensions. 
The  stock,  one  of  the  most  varied  and 
complete  in  town,  has  a representative 
value  of  $8,000  and  includes  a full  assort- 
ment of  finest  French  silks,  fancy  and 
dress  goods,  all  kinds  of  notions,  white 
goods,  yarns,  sheetings,  hosiery,  etc., 
American  and  imported  carpets,  shoes, 
trunks  and  valises,  etc.  These  goods  are 
what  they  are  represented  to  be  and 
retailed  at  uniform  prices,  thirty-six 
inches  always  being  given  to  the  yard. 
For  cash . payments  Mr.  Dickson  makes 
special  inducements,  giving  one  dollar's 
worth  free  in  goods  to  anyone  spending 
$20  in  the  store  and  his  card  arrange- 
ment makes  it  not  necessary  to  spend 
more  than  five  cents  at  one  time.  His 
goods  are  well  displayed  in  the  show 
cases,  shelves  and  counters,  giving 
callers  every  opportunity  for  examining 
to  make  a selection  and  the  whole  is 
arranged  so  as  to  give  the  store  a showy 
and  pleasant  aspect.  He  employs  three  | 
competent  hands  and  also  does  some 
jobbing  trade  to  the  smaller  stores  j 
throughout  the  county.  Mr.  James  M.  I 


Dickson,  who  is  agent  for  Mrs.  E.  C. 
Potter,  the  owner  of  the  establishment, 
is  a native  of  Greenville  and  besides  fills 
in  business  circles  a prominent  position. 
He  has  been  three  years  Financial  Ke- 
porter  for  the  Knights  of  Honor,  and  is 
an  active  society  man. 

S.  M.  SNIDER, 

Watchmaker  and  Jeweler. 

Among  the  skilled  practical  watch- 
makers and  jewelers  in  Upper  South 
Carolina,  Mr.  S.  M.  Snider,  of  Green- 
ville, is  worthy  of  special  mention,  both 
on  account  of  the  superiority  of  the  goods 
kept  and  the  care  and  promptness  dis- 
played in  repairing  all  work  submitted  to 
him.  He  established  business  in  1874  as 
McKellion  & Snider,  and  since  1880  has 
continued  alone,  steadily  augmenting  his 
custom,  which  is  large  and  extends  all 
over  this  and  the  adjoining  counties. 
This  store,  24x100  feet  in  extent,  is  cer- 


trally  located  on  Main  Street  and  is  a 
really  beautiful  and  attractive  one.  the 
stock  averaging  some  $7,000  in  value, 
being  nicely  arranged  and  elegantly  dis- 
played in  the  various  handsome  show 
cases,  giving  intending  purchasers  every 
opportunity  for  making  a selection. 
They  will  find  here  as  good  an  assort- 
ment of  fine  watches — the  famous  Elgin 


State  of  South  Carolina. 


time-keeper,  unequalled  in  the  market, 
being  made  a specialty  of — all  grades  of 
diamonds,  rich  and  choice  jewelry  as  is 
offered  for  their  admiration  in  this  State. 
Two  competent  and  polite  hands  are 
attentive  to  the  wants  of  the  many 
patrons.  Mr.  Snider,  the  proprietor  of 
this  prosperous  establishment,  is  a native 
of  Georgia,  and  came  to  this  State  in 
1870,  and  has  gained  the  reputation  of 
S being  a reliable  dealer  and  trustworthy 
mechanic,  experienced  in  all  branches  of 
the  business.  He  is  an  influential  Royal 
Arch  Mason,  Recovery  Lodge,  and  is 
universally  regarded  as  a useful  citizen, 
and  those  who  have  once  traded  with 
him  never  fail  to  return  where  they  soon 
learn  that  for  quality  and  lowness  of 
price  his  goods  are  unequalled  in  this 
county. 


SHUMATE,  CRADY  & 
NICHOLS, 

Contractors  and  Builders,  Sasii, 
Doors,  Blinds,  Mantels,  etc. 

The  increasing  importance  of  the 
lumber  trade  in  all  its . branches  leads  to 
a more  than  ordinary  interest  in  those 
concerns  identified  with  this  factor  of 
our  manufacturing  industries  and  re- 
sources. Attention  is  properly  directed 
to  those  firms  to  whose  energy  and  en- 
terprise may  be  ascribed  the  vitality  that 
has  characterised  this  business.  The 
house  of  Shumate,  Grady  & Nichols  may 
rightly  be  assigned  a first  place  among 
such  concerns  on  account  of  its  exten- 
sive operations,  and  its  excellent  pro- 
ducts. The  firm  was  founded  on  1st 
January,  ’83,  as  Shumate  & Grady,  and 
on  1st  May  of  the  same  year  Mr.  Ni- 
chols became  a partner.  Their  trade 
from  the  commencement  has  steadily  ad- 
vanced, their  goods  are  in  increasing  daily 
demand,  in  Georgia,  North  Carolina  and 
this  State,  along  the  lines  that  centre  in 
Greenville.  The  works  of  the  house  are 
located  at  the  Air  Line  Depot,  conven- 
ient for  receiving  and  shipping  large 
quantities  of  goods,  and  cover  about 
three  acres  of  ground.  The  buildings 
on  the  premises  were  entirely  destroyed 
by  fire  on  the  27th  July,  ’83,  were  unin- 
sured and  a total  loss  to  the  owners  of 
$10,000. 


93 


Greenville  however,  realized  the  fact 
that  she  must  have  such  a sash  and  blind 
factory  continued,  and  that  there  could 
be  no  better  men  at  the  head  of  it  than  • 
these  gentlemen.  A voluntary  loan  was 
made  On  small  interest  and  long  time,  by 
several  citizens,  which  enabled  the 
loosers  to  at  once  re-erect  the  fac- 
tory and  continue  the  business. 
Appreciating  this  kindness,  they  have 
worked  witli  a will,  and  now  are  running 
on  their  own  base  with  all  debts  cleared. 
The  main  building  of  brick,  is  60x75, 
feet  in  extent,  is  provided  with  the  latest 
and  most  improved  machinery  for  plan- 
ing, moulding,  sawing,  joining,  etc.,  a 
large  and  powerful  universal  wood-work- 
er forming  one  of  the  most  important 
machines  in  use.  Their  drying  kiln 
worked  by  steam,  has  a capacity  for  15, 
000  feet,  their  engine,  one  of  the  best 
Watertown,  is  30  and  the  boiler  40  horse- 
power. The  factory  turns  out  rough 
and  dressed  lumber,  sash,  doors,  blinds, 
mouldings,  scroll  and  turned  work,  and 
building  material  generally,  which  for 
neatness  in  design,  smoothness  of  finish, 
exactness  of  fit,  durability,  strength, 
lightness  and  cheapness,  have  not  their 
superior.  Over  3,000,000  feet  of  lum- 
ber, mostly  yellow  pine  from  Georgia 
and  Alabama,  is  consumed  here  yearly, 
and  all  wood  is  thoroughly  seasoned  be- 
fore used.  They  are  also  extensive  build- 
ers and  contractors,  have,  and  are  erect- 
ing many  of  the  most  important  struc- 
tures in  the  up-country,  and  are  prepared 
to  contract  and  furnish  estimates  for  a 
log  cabin  or  a finished  city  with  churches, 
theatres  and  mansions  ad  libitum,  guar- 
anteeing the  most  economical,  simplest, 
most  tasteful,  lasting  plans.  The  indi- 
vidual members  of  this  firm  are  natu- 
rally men  of  enterprise  and  experience. 

Capt.  W.  T.  Shumate  was  born  in  Green- 
ville, raised  on  a farm,  and  was  some 
time  in  the  mercantile  business.  He  was 
many  years  sheriff  of  the  county,  was 
depot  agent  of  the  Air  Line,  and  was  as- 
signee of  all  the  bankrupt  estates  in  the 
up-country. 

In  the  late  war  he  joined  the  first  mus- 
ter into  the  Confederate  army  in  April, 
1861.  He  did  gallant  work  all  through 
three  years  for  the  great  cause  in  the  2d 
South  Carolina  Regiment;  was  present 
at  the  leading  fights,  including  Freder- 


9 4 


City  of  GreenvILLE, 


icksburg,  Malvern  Hill;  was  disabled  at  ] 
Chicamauga.  Elected  sheriff  while  in  the 
army  he  returned  home  and  took  this 
“ post,  since  when  he  has  been  a moving 
spirit  in  the  welfare  of  the  community, 
lie  is  also  a prominent  society  man,  a 
Mason,  K.  II.  and  K.  of  G.  R.,  and  also 
Treas.  of  the  Building  and  Loan  Associa- 
tion. 

Mr.  W.  S.  Grady  is  a native  of  Green- 
ville; has  been  in  the  lumber  business 
over  12  years,  has  always  been  a popular 
citizen  of  the  town,  and  is  first  cousin  of 
Henry  Grady,  of  the  Atlanta  Constitu- 
tion. 

Mr.  J.  W.  Nichols,  the  third  partner, 
is  a native  of  Maine,  passed  most  of  his 
time  in  Massachusetts,  has  been  in  the 
building  line  all  his  life,  and  in  the  war 
was  engaged  for  his  services  in  this  direc- 
tion. Among  the  structures  he  has  put 
up  here,  the  Presbyterian  Church  and 
Pelzer  Union  Church  points  to  his 
knowledge  of  his  business.  He  is  a 
prominent  Mason,  belonging  to  the  R.A. 
and  Council. 

The  importance  and  high  standing  of 
this  house  is  only  another  instance  of 
the  energy,  vim,  experience  and  hard 
work  of  the  men  who  are  tending  rapidly 
to  advance  the  progress  and  increase  the 
influence  the  Mountain  City  exerts 
upon  the  commerce  and  industry  of  the 
country. 


H.  J.  FELTON, 

Books  and  Stationery. 

While  reviewing  the  commercial  inter- 
ests and  enterprises  of  Greenville,  we 
must  not  in  any  manner  fail  to  do  jus- 
tice to  these  establishments  that  do  so 
much  to  elevate  society  by  the  dissemi- 
nation of  the  products  of  the  press.  We 
have  reference  to  the  house  of  Mr.  H. 
J.  Felton,  bookseller  and  stationer,  in 
this  special  line  of  trade,  the  leading 
repre  ;entative  in  Greenville.  Mr.  Fel- 
ton established  business  in  1877,  and 
from  the  commencement  has  continued 
to  enjoy  an  increasing  custom,  till  his 
store  is  a favorite  resort  and  is  patronized 
by  the  first,  families  of  the  country.  The 
premises,  24x60  feet  in  extent,  are 
located  on  Main  Street.  The  stock  of 
goods,  averaging  some  $5,000  in  value, 
includes  such  a variety  as  would  be 


expected  in  the  larger  establishments  of 
metropolitan  cities,  and  reflects  in  a 
creditable  manner  the  taste  and  charac- 
ter of  the  community.  It  includes 
school  books,  latest  standard  novels, 
blank  books,  family  bibles,  window 
shades,  wall  paper,  picture  frames,  a 
Seaside  Library,  newspapers,  magazines, 
fancy  goods,  a fine  assortment  of  gold 
pens,  cornices,  etc.  A large  supply  of 
moulding,  amounting  to  some  10,000 
feet,  is  likewise  kept  and  numberless 
other  lines  of  goods  too  numerous  to 
mention.  These  various  articles  are 
displayed  in  the  showcases  and  counters, 
so  as  to  invite  inspection.  Mr.  Felton 
has  been  compelled,  owing  to  increasing 
trade,  to  have  thrown  on  to  the  front  of 
the  premises  a handsome  glass  front,  the 
whole  width  of  the  building  and  four 
feet  deep,  and  added  a mansard  roof, 
making  his  building  an  ornament  to  the 
street.  This  gentleman,  who  is  as  popu- 
lar as  his  supplies  are  unsurpassed  in 
taste,  neatness  and  variety,  is  a native 
of  Massachusetts  and  came  South  in 
December,  1874,  since  when  he  has  been 
recognized  as  one  of  Greenville’s  most 
enterprising  men  and  a valuable  acquisi- 
tion to  the  mercantile  community.  He 
is  likewise  an  influential  member  of  the 
Masonic  Lodge,  Recovery  No.  31.  In 
conclusion,  we  will  say  that  Mr.  Felton 
is  an  agreeable  gentleman  to  have  deal- 
ings with,  and  manages  his  business  upon 
principles  so  liberal  and  straightforward 
as  to  have  secured  for  himself  and  his 
house  the  esteem  and  consideration  as 
well  merited  as  it  is  rarely  acquired. 


REV.  ELLISON  CAPERS. 

Ellison  Capers  belongs  to  the  family 
of  that  name,  whose  ancestors  settled  in 
Christ  Church  Parish,  on  the  sea-board, 
early  in  the  establishment  of  the  colony 
of  South  Carolina.  They  were  proprie- 
tors of  plantations  on  the  coast.  Capers’ 
Island  and  Inlet  being  named  after  them. 

William  Capers,  the  grand-father  of 
Ellison  Capers,  was  born  on  his  father’s 
plantation,  in  St.  Thomas'  Parish,  on 
Wando  river,  and  was  a soldier  of  the 
Revolution.  He  won  the  confidence  of 
Marion,  and  at  the  close  of  the  Ameri- 
can war,  though  a very  young  man,  he 
had  risen  to  the  command  of  a company 


State  of  South  Carolina. 


95 


in  Marion’s  Brigade.  The  late  Judge 
James,  in  his  life  of  Marion,  relates  sev- 
eral anecdotes  respecting  the  gallant  do- 
ings of  Capt.  Capers  'and  his  command. 

William  Capers,  the  father  of  Ellison 
Capers,  was  the  second  son  of  Capt.  Wm. 
Capers,  and  became  a distinguished 
Bishop  of  the  Methodist  Church.  His 
noble  character  for  unselfish  devotion  to 
his  sacred  calling,  and  his  rare  qualities 
of  mind  and  heart,  with  the  power  of 
his  eloquence  as  a preacher,  made  him 


widely  known  and  beloved.  In  South 
Carolina  his  name  was  universally  re- 
spected, and  his  influence  as  universally 
felt. 

The  subject  of  this  sketch  is  his  fourth 
son  by  his  second  wife,  Susan  Magill. 

Miss  Magill  was  of  Irish  parents,  who 
settled  in  Kershaw  county,  on  coming 
to  America,  and  engaged  in  farming. 

Ellison  Capers  was  born  in  Charleston, 
on  the  14th  of  October,  1837. 

His  early  instruction  was  at  the  High 
School  in  Charleston,  and  at  the  once 
famous  Methodist  School  at  Cokesbury, 
in  Abbeville  county. 

His  father,  having  removed  from 
Charleston  to  Anderson,  he  entered  the 
Military  Academy  of  South  Carolina, 
from  that  county,  in  January,  1854,  and 
graduated  in  November,  1857. 

Upon  graduating,  the  Board  of  Yisi-  I 
tors  of  the  Academy,  appointed  two  I 


from  the  class  to  be  resident  graduates 
and  assistant  instructors,  the  appoint- 
ment to  last  one  year.  Mr.  Capers  was 
one  of  the  appointees  from  his  class,  and 
began  his  duties  on  the  1st  January, 
1858,  with  the  rank  of  Brevet  Second 
Lieutenant,  and  assistant  instructor  in 
English. 

In  this  position  he  won  the  respect  of 
the  Cadets  and  the  confidence  of  his 
superiors. 

The  year  expiring,  Mr.  Capers  ac- 
cepted the  election  of  the  Trustees  of 
Mt.  Zion  College,  at  Winnsboro,  to  be 
teacher  of  the  preparatory  department, 
and  began  his  duties  in  January,  1859. 

In  February  he  was  married  to  Char- 
lotte Rebecca,  the  third  daughter  of  Jno. 
Gendron  and  Catherine  Coutourier  Pal- 
mer, of  St.  John’s,  Berkeley. 

In  November  of  this  year,  Mr.  Capers 
was  elected  an  Assistant  Professor  in  the 
State  Military  Academy,  his  Alma  Ma- 
ter, and  assigned  to  duty  in  July  1st, 
1860,  as  assistant  in  mathematics,  with 
the  rank  of  Second  Lieutenant. 

At  the  same  time  he  began  to  read 
law  in  the  office  of  Messrs.  Havne  & 
Miles,  but  his  future  was  destined  to  be 
in  another  field. 

Fond  of  military  life  he  threw  him- 
self into  his  duties  with  such  zeal  as  to 
win  the  recognition  of  the  citizen  sol- 
diers of  Charleston,  and  in  the  summer 
of  1860,  he  was  elected,  without  his 
knowledge,  Major  of  the  First  Regiment 
of  Rifles  S.  C.  M. 

With  the  approval  of  the  Board  of 
Visitors  of  the  Academy,  he  accepted 
the  position,  and  was  active  in  aiding 
Col.  Pettigrew  in  the  organization  and 
drill  of  that  splendid  regiment. 

On  the  secession  of  South  Carolina, 
Major  Capers  was  at  once  put  on  duty 
with  his  regiment;  was  active  in  the 
military  duties  which  the  soldiers  of  the 
State  discharged  on  the  Ishinds  and  in 
the  city  during  the  spring  and  summer 
of  ’61,  drilling  and  commanding  the 
light  artillery  on  Sullivan’s  Island,  just 
before  and  during  the  bombardment  of 
Fort  Sumter. 

Col.  Pettigrew  resigning  to  go  to  Vir- 
ginia, Lieut. -Col.  J.  L.  Branch  became 
Colonel  and  Major  Capers  Lieut. -Col.  of 
the  Rifle  Regiment. 

Seeing  that  a long  and  desperate  strug- 


96 


City  of  Greenville. 


gle  was  before  the  South,  Lieut. -Col. 
Capers  resolved  to  enter  the  Confederate 
service,  and  tendering  his  resignation  to 
Gen.  DeSaussure,  as  Lieut. -Col.  of  the 
Regiment  of  Rifles,  and  to  the  Board, &c., 
he  joined  Col.  C.  H.  Stevens  in  forming 
the  24th  S.  C.  Vols.  for  Confederate  ser- 
vice for  the  war. 

A camp  of  instruction  was  formed  in 
St.  Andrew’s  Parish,  in  January,  1862, 
and  Lieut. -Col.  Capers  assigned  to  its 
command. 

By  the  united  exertions  of  Col.  Ste- 
vens and  Capers,  ten  companies  of  in- 
fantry were  formed  into  a regiment,  the 
men  and  officers  electing  to  serve  under 
them,  and  Gov.  Pickens  appointed  the 
field  officers:  Col.,  C.  H.  Stevens:  Lt.- 

Col.,  Ellison  Capers;  Major,  A.J.  Ham- 
mond, of  Edgefield. 

The  regiment  was  mustered  into  Con- 
federate service  in  April,  1862,  and  or- 
dered to  Secession ville  for  duty. 

Throughout  that  year  the  24th  was 
constantly  on  duty,  and  gained  the  con- 
fidence of  the  Generals  commanding. 

On  Cole’s  Island,  at  the  battle  of  Se- 
cessionville,  at  Pocotaligo,  on  the  Cum- 
bahee  and  Asliepoo,  and  at  Wilmington, 
in  N.  C.,  the  24th  did  faithful  service. 

On  the  3d  of  June, ’62, Col.  Capers  com- 
manded four  companies  of  the  24th.  and 
the  Charleston  Battalion, Col.  Gaillard,  in 
the  first  fight  on  James  Island,  leading 
a charge  against  the  100th  Pennsylvania 
regiment,  posted  in  and  behind  a row  of 
negro  cabins,  at  Legare's,  the  Pennsyl- 
vanians were  routed  and  twenty-two  of 
their  number  captured. 

At  Secessionville  Col.  Capers  was  de- 
tached to  direct  the  firing  of  a flank  bat- 
tery of  two  24-pounder  guns,  and  re- 
ceived the  thanks  of  Brig.  Genls.  Evans 
and  Smith  for  the  services  he  rendered. 

In  May,  1863,  the24th-with  Gist's  en- 
tire Brigade,  was  ordered  to  the  relief  of 
Vicksburg.  Arriving  at  Jackson,  Miss., 
on  the  13th,  with  the  advance  of  the 
Brigade,  under  command  of  Col.  Peyton 
Colquitt,  of  Ga. . the  enemy  were  report- 
ed marching  on  the  town.  Gen.  John- 
ston arrived  to  take  command  by  the 
same  train,  and  ordered  Col.  Colquitt  to 
march  out  on  the  Clinton  road  at  day- 
light and  hold  McPherson’s  corps  in 
check,  while  the  city  of  Jackson  was  be- 
ing evacuated. 


In  the  fight  which  ensued  next  morn- 
ing, the  14th,  from  sunrise  to  12  M.,  Col. 
Capers  commanded  the  left  of  the  brigade 
Col.  Stevens  having  been  detained  in 
Charleston  a few  days,  and  just  as  the 
order  came  from  Gen.  Johnston  to  retire 
the  Brigade,  after  the  gallant  stand  it 
it  had  made,  Col.  Capers  received  a se- 
vere wound  in  his  right  leg,  his  horse 
also  being  shot. 

After  an  absence  of  six  weeks  he 
rejoined  his  regiment  at  Morton,  Miss., 
and  remained  with  it  until  an  other 
wound,  received  in  the  thigh,  at  Cliicka- 
mauga,  Ga.,  obliged  him  to  retire  from 
the  field.  The  gallant  24th  was  riddled 
in  this  great  fight.  Col.  Stevens,  Col. 
Capers  and  Maj.  Jones  and  Lieut.  Clar- 
ence J.  Palmer,  the  Adjutant  of  the 
regiment,  were  all  badly  shot,  the  latter 
being  killed  by  Col.  Capers’  side.  The 
flag  of  the  24th  was  five  times  shot  down, 
and  as  often  carried  forward  by  brave 
hands, 

Rejoining  his  regiment  in  winter  quar- 
ters, at  Dalton,  Ga.,  in  December,  1863, 
and  the  gallant  Colonel  of  the  24th  being 
promoted  a Brigadier-General  and  as- 
signed to  command  Wilson's  Georgia 
Brigade,  Lieut. -Col.  Capers  was  pro- 
moted Colonel. 

Then  followed  the  campaigns  of  Gens. 
Johnston  and  Hood,  in  both  of  which 
the  24th  S.  C.  V.  was  constantly  on 
duty.  For  seventy  days,  at  Calhoun, 
Ga. , Col.  Capers  was  detailed  with  his 
regiment  and  a Georgia  battalion  to 
drive  a division  of  the  enemy  from  an 
eminence  from  which  the  march  of  Gen. 
Hardee’s  corps  was  impeded  by  artillery 
fire.  The  task  was  successfully  accom- 
plished, and  the  Colonel  commended  in 
orders  by  Genls.  Gist  and  Hardee. 

Gen.  Gist  being  wounded  in  one  of 
the  Atlanta  battles,  Col.  Capers  com- 
manded the  brigade  for  a time,  and  was 
complimented  by  Gen.  Hardee  in  person 
at  the  battle  of  Jonesboro  for  the  con- 
duct of  the  24th  in  holding  the  position 
on  the  extreme  right  of  the  line  against 
the  repeated  assaults  of  Gen.  Jeff  Davis’ 
Division  of  Gen.  Sherman’s  army. 

At  the  battle  of  Franklin,  in  Tennes- 
see. Xov.  30,  1864.  Gen.  Gist  was  killed 
and  Col.  Capers  severely  wounded. 

Gist’s  Brigade  was  attached  to  Cheat- 
ham’s Division  of  Hardee’s  Corps,  and 


State  of  South  Carolina. 


on  the  Tennessee  campaign,  Cheatham 
commanding  the  corps,  Maj.-Gen.  J.  C. 
Brown  commanded  the  division.  The 
Brigadiers  were  Strahl,  Carter,  Vaughn 
and  Gist.  Brown  and  Vaughn  were 
wounded,  and  Gist,  Strahl  and  Carter 
were  killed.  Just  before  he  was  shot 
Col.  Capers  was  the  senior  officer  fit  for 
duty  in  the  division  on  the  field,  and  at 
the  close  of  the  fight  a Lieutenant-Colo- 
nel was  actually  for  a time  in  command 
of  the  division. 

The  24th  captured  the  flag  of  the 
Ohio  Volunteers,  at  the  last  ditch  of  the 
enemy,  at  Franklin,  the  Lieutenant- 
Colonel  commanding,  and  a great  part  of 
the  regiment. 

The  wound  of  Col.  Capers  was  a very 
serious  one,  in  the  left  ankle,  received 
at  close  quarters,  just  before  reaching 
the  last  work.  The  Colonel  falling  just 
in  front  of  his  men,  the  thoughtfulness 
of  the  color-guard  in  seizing  him  bv  the 
arms  and  dragging  him  into  the  ditch  of 
the  work  saved  his  life,  for  every  man 
who  fell  in  the  field  near  the  work  was 
riddled  by  the  terrible  fire  of  the  enemy. 

Col.  Capers’  wound  laid  him  up  for 
months.  While  still  on  his  crutches  the 
shattered  army  of  Gen.  Hood  returned 
from  the  Tennessee  campaign  and 
marched  through  South  Carolina  to  join 
Gen.  Johnston  in  North  Carolina.  Col. 
Capers  paid  his  regiment  a visit  at 
Union,  as  Cheatham’s  Division  passed 
that  point,  and  was  warmly  greeted  by 
his  regiment.  The  state  of  his  wound 
made  it  impossible  for  him  to  take  his 
place  in  command  of  the  brigade,  and  he 
returned  to  Spartanburg,  where  his 
family  were  temporarily  residing.  In 
April  he  set  out  for  North  Carolina,  on 
horseback,  to  assume  command  of  Gen. 
Gist’s  Brigade,  having  been  promoted 
in  February  a Brigadier-General  in  the 
P.  A.  C.  S.,  on  the  recommendation  of 
Gen.  Joseph  E.  Johnston  and  Lieut. - 
Gen.  Hardee.  This  intelligence  was 
communicated  in  a telegram  from  Gen. 
Johnston  early  in  March,  and  the  hope 
expressed  by  the  General  that  the  state 
of  Gen.  Capers’  wound  would  soon  enable 
him  to  join  the  army.  Though  unable 
to  wear  a boot  or  shoe,  or  to  stand  on  his 
; foot,  Gen.  Capers  felt  it  to  be  his  duty 
to  report  to  Gen.  Johnston,  and  set  out, 
on  horseback,  for  that  purpose  on  the  first 


of  April.  Before  he  reached  his  com- 
mand in  North  Carolina,  Gen.  Lee  had 
surrendered,  and  shortly  afterwards  Gen. 
Johnston  agreed  upon  the  terms  of  his 
surrender.  Gen.  Capers  was  included 
in  the  list  of  General  officers  and  received 
his  final  discharge  from  the  military  ser- 
vice of  the  Confederate  States,  returning 
to  South  Carolina  in  company  with  his 
friend  and  commander,  Maj.-Gen.  B.  F. 
Cheatham.  The  two  commanders 
stopped  at  the  late  residence  of  Brig.- 
Gen.  S.  R.  Gist,  in  Union  county,  to 
pay  their  respects  to  his  widow  and  sister, 
and  after  spending  a few  days  together 
they  parted  company,  Gen.  Cheatham 
riding  on  towards  Augusta  and  Gen. 
Capers  returning  to  Spartanburg.  In 
the  fall  of  1865  a farm  near  Anderson 
Court  House,  formerly  belonging  to  his 
father,  and  at  which  Bishop  Capers 
died,  was  put  in  his  service  by  that  prince 
of  noblemen,  the  late  Theodore  G.  Wag- 
ner, of  Charleston,  and  a gift  made  to 
Gen.  Capers  of  a pair  of  mules  and  the 
outfit  of  the  farm,  Mr.  Wagner  volun- 
teered this  generous  kindness,  and  would 
not  allow  Gen.  Capers  to  make  an  obli- 
gation to  him  for  his  outlay,  saying  he 
had  plenty  of  money,  and  it  was  both  a 
privilege  and  a pleasure  to  aid  a Con- 
federate soldier  who  had  staked  all  and 
lost  all  by  the  war. 

Gen.  Capers  removed  to  Anderson  and 
worked  upon  his  farm  with  zeal,  doing 
as  much  labor  as  the  weak  and  painful 
state  of  his  ankle  would  permit. 

By  teaching  a class  of  young  ladies  in 
the  town,  and  by  the  help  of  the  farm, 
Gen.  Capers  maintained  his  family  in  the 
year  1866.  Gov.  James  L.  Orr,  who 
resided  in  Anderson,  and  who  had  been 
elected  Governor  of  South  Carolina  in 
the  fall  of  1865,  requested  Gen.  Capers 
to  become  a candidate  for  the  office  of 
Secretary  of  State,  to  be  filled  by  elec- 
tion at  the  meeting  of  the  State  Legis- 
lature, in  December,  1866.  Gen.  Capers 
consented  and  was  elected  on  the  joint 
ballot  of  both  Houses  by  an  almost 
unanimous  vote. 

He  entered  at  once  on  the  active  dis- 
charge of  his  duties.  At  the  same  time 
he  received  a communication  from  the 
vestry  of  Christ  Church,  Greenville, 
asking  him  to  accept  the  charge  of  that 
parish,  it  being  known  to  the  vestry  that 


City  of  GREEKAiLLb, 


Gen.  Capers  was  a candidate  for  holy 
orders  in  the  Episcopal  Church.  He 
had  so  declared  himself  while  on  duty 
with  the  army  at  Jonesboro,  in  Georgia, 
in  September,  18(14,  and  entered  into 
canonical  engagements  with  the  Bishop 
and  standing  committee  of  the  Diocese 
of  South  Carolina,  to  be  ordained  to  the 
ministry,  if  he  survived  the  war.  Such 
was  the  depressed  condition  of  the 
church  in  South  Carolina  at  the  close  of 
the  war  that  the  Bishop  of  the  Diocese 
of  South  Carolina  discouraged  his  candi- 
dates from  ordination,  and  advised  them 
to  attend  to  the  pressing  needs  of  their 
families.  Though  baptised  and  reared 
in  early  life  a Methodist,  Mr.  Capers 
became  an  Episcopalian,  the  beauty  and 
order  of  the  Episcopal  Church  liturgy 
having  a special  charm  for  him,  and  his 
tastes  and  convictions  leading  him  that 
way.  He  is  a decided  churchman  in  his 
principles,  but  honors  and  loves  his 
fellow  Christians  of  every  name,  holding 
it  to  be  the  doctrine  of  Christ,  that  all 
who  are  baptised  into  Christ  have 
put  on  Christ,  and  are  fellow  heirs  of 
the  promises  of  God  and  fellow  Chris- 
tians in  His  grace  and  service.  The  call 
to  Greenville  opened  the  way  to  Gen. 
Capers  to  enter  the  ministry,  and  after 
consulting  his  friends  and  the  Bishop  he 
accepted  the  call  to  be  Lay  Reader  until 
ordained,  and  then  to  become  rector  of 
the  parish.  Gen.  Capers  resigned  his 
office  as  Secretary  of  State  immediately 
after  his  ordination,  in  May,  1867,  but 
Gov.  Orr  refused  to  accept  it.  Appoint- 
ing a good  deputy  to  take  charge  of  the 
office  while  he  attended  divine  service  at 
Greenville  on  Sunday,  Gen.  Capers  con- 
tinued as  Secretary  of  State  until  July, 
1868,  when  he  turned  over  the  great  seal 
of  the  State  to  F.  L.  Cardoza,  at  the 
inauguration  of  the  Radical  usurpation 
of  the  government  of  South  Carolina. 

Mr.  Capers  devoted  himself  to  his 
parish,  which  has  since  grown  to  be  one 
of  the  strongest  and  most  efficient  in  the 
Diocese.  He  has  been  its  rector  since 
his  ordination,  in  1867,  with  the  excep- 
tion of  one  year  (1876),  when  he  re- 
moved to  Selma,  Ala. , and  became  rector 
of  St.  Paul's  Church  in  that  city.  The 
climate  disagreeing  with  the  health  of 
his  family,  and  his  successor  at  Green- 
ville resigning,  Mr.  Capers  was  earnestly 


recalled  to  Greenville,  and  returned  in 
Xovember,  1876.  In  the  church  in  the 
Diocese  he  holds  a prominent  place, 
being  secretary  of  the  Board  of  Missions 
and  a delegate  to  the  General  Conven- 
tion of  the  church.  Mr.  Capers  is 
warmly  attached  to  his  parish  and  the 
Diocese.  He  has  been  repeatedly  called 
to  important  churches,  both  within  and 
without  the  State,  but  has  remained 
with  his  first  charge  in  Greenville. 

At  the  meeting  of  the  State  Demo- 
cratic Convention,  in  October,  1882,  he 
was  nominated  without  his  consent  or 
knowledge,  on  the  State  ticket  as  Super- 
intendent of  Public  Education.  The 
convention  adjourned  leaving  Gen.  Ca- 
pers’ name  on  the  ticket,  though  he  sent 
a telegram  to  the  President  positively 
declining  the  place.  Deeming  the  office 
so  tendered  him  inconsistent  with  bis 
ministerial  duties,  Gen.  Capers  wrote  a 
letter  to  the  State  Executive  Committee, 
declining  the  nomination  and  positively 
withdrawing  his  name.  By  his  marriage 
Gen.  Capers  has  had  born  to  him  five 
sons  and  four  daughters,  two  of  the 
latter  dying  in  infancy. 


REV.  J.  A.  MUNDY,  D.  D. 


Pastor  of  the  Greenville  Baptist 
Church,  was  born  in  Amherst  county, 
Ya.  He  was  raised  at  home  and  grad- 
uated Bachelor  of  Arts  from  Rich- 
mond College  in  1859.  He  was  for  sev- 
eral years  engaged  in  the  ministry  in 
Amherst  and  Jselson  counties,  and  in 
1867  was  appointed  principal  of  the  Flu- 
vanna Female  Institute,  where  he  re- 
mained three  sessions.  He  was  then  five 
years  connected  with  the  Valley  Associa- 
tion having  charge  of  the  churches  at 
Holland  Institute,  Roanoke  City  and 
Monsacks.  He  then  moved  to  Warren- 


State  of  South  Carolina. 


99 


ton,  N.  C-,  where  he  remained  in  charge 
of  the  Baptist  Church,  till  coming  to 
Greenville,  where  he  delivered  his  first 
sermon  on  the  third  Sunday  of  October, 
’83.  He  has  since  become  quite  popular 
here  and  his  congregation  is  one  of  the 
strongest  in  the  State.  When  he  came 
the  membership  was  463,  and  his  efforts 
have  attained  the  gratifying  result  of 
having  increased  it  to  a little  over  500 
communicants.  The  Church,  one  of 
the  handsomest  edifices  of  the  city,  will 
seat  over  1,200,  and  the  Sabbath  School 
is  one  of  the  two  largest  in  the  South. 
Dr.  Mundy  is  tall,  has  an  easy  and 
graceful  delivery  in  the  pulpit,  and  be- 
ing a man  of  sound  erudition  and  ex- 
tended experience,  is  well  suited  for  the 
position  he  so  ably  fills.  He  is  being 
often  called  to  address  many  public 
meetings  and  institutions  all  over  the 
South.  He  was  a trustee  from  North 
Carolina,  of  the  Louisville  Seminary, 
and  will  probably  be  called  to  fill  the 
first  vacancy  occurring  in  this  State.  He 
is  a trustee  of  the  Holland  Institute, 
and  of  Wake  Forest  College,  which  lat- 
ter conferred  upon  him  the  degree  of  D. 
D.,  on  8th  June,  1882.  A central  figure 
of  one  of  the  most  influential  organiza- 
tions of  the  State,  the  Greenville  public 
long  hope  to  see  him  in  their  midst,  sup- 
porting and  abetting  the  moral  standing 
and  social  welfare  of  the  general  com- 
munity. 


REV.  R.  D.  Sf^ART. 


A young  Methodist  pastor  of  South 
Carolina,  of  ability  and  promise,  is  the 
son  of  Senator  Smart,  who  sat  for  over 
24  years  consecutively  in  the  State  Leg- 
islature of  South  Carolina.  He  was  born 
in  Beaufort  county,  and  received  his  early 


education  at  Cokesburv  Academy,  which 
he  left  to  join  the  Confederate  army.  He 
when  only  15  years  old,  entered  the  Third 
South  Carolina  cavalry,  serving  eight 
months  in  Johnson’s  army,  surrendering 
at  Greensboro’.  He  graduated  from 
Wofford  in  1868,  and  studied  at  the 
Presbyterian  Theological  Seminary, 
graduating  from  it  in  ’71.  He  was  then 
a year  assistant  pastor  of  the  Trinity  M. 
E.  Church,  Charleston,  and  two  years  of 
Spring  Street  Church.  He  married  5th 
March,  ’73,  Isabel  Evans,  daughter  of 
the  member  of  the  firm  Walker.  Evans 
& Cogswell,  who  died,  leaving  him  one 
infant.  His  health  becoming  impaired, 
he  traveled  in  Europe  in  ’75,  and  return- 
ing to  his  native  country,  has  since  been 
resident  in  the  upper  part  of  the  State. 
His  first  charge  was  in  Cokesburv,  where 
he  married  20th.  June,  ’76,  tne  daughter 
of  D.  W.  Aiken,  at  present  Congress- 
man from  that  district.  He  remained 
here  two  years,  and  was  then  one  year 
pastor  of  the  Greenwood  Circuit,  which 
has  eight  churches.  He  was  three  years 
in  Hnionville,  where  he  had  a nice 
church  and  a large  congregation,  who 
were  as  unwilling  to  loose  him  as  he  was 
loath  to  go.  He  was  two  years  minister 
of  the  Methodist  Church  in  Newberry, 
and  on  1st  January,  ’84,  was  installed  in 
his  present  position.  He  has  since  gained 
the  confidence  of  the  people  and  is  a fa- 
vorite with  the  general  public.  His  con- 
gregation, to  which  he  has  made  over 
thirty  additions,  now  numbers  between 
300  and  400.  The  church  has 
been  lately  newly  furnished  interior- 
ilv,  and  is  nicely  arranged  to  suit  the 
Southern  climate.  An  eloquent  speaker, 
a wide  read  student,  studying  his  subject 
well  and  thoroughly  before  delivering, 
Mr.  Smart’s  discourse  is  systematic,  con- 
cise and  to  the  point,  all  his  reasoning- 
tending  to  impress  the  hearer  with  one 
great  principle,  to  which  indeed  his 
whole  sermon  leads  up  and  always  con- 
fines the  attention  to.  Mr.  Smart  is  an 
honorary  member  of  several  college  so- 
cieties, has  delivered  various  public  ad- 
dresses, is  a Seventh  Degree  Mason, 
Landmark  Lodge,  Charleston,  76,  and  is 
as  pleasant  and  entertaining  in  the  walks 
of  every  day  life,  as  he  is  at  home  in 
and  attentive  to  the  duties  of  his  pro- 
fessional calling. 


100 


City  of  Greenville, 


STOKES  & IRVINE, 

Lawyers. 

John  W.  Stokes,  one  of  the  best 
known  and  leading  members  of  the  bar 
of  South  Carolina,  was  horn  in  Green- 
ville, received  his  literary  training  at 
Greenville  Academy  and  diligently  pur- 
sued the  study  of  law  at  the  University 
of  Virginia,  graduating  from  here  B.  L. 
in  1843.  In  the  fall  of  1844  he  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  this  State  and  the 
next  year  became  a partner  of  Sullivan 
& Stokes,  which  firm  continued  an  unin- 
terruptedly prosperous  career  till  1876. 
In  that  year  Mr.  Stokes  formed  a part- 
nership with  Mr.  Featherstone,  succeeded 
by  Stokes  & Clyde,  and  in  1882  by  the 
present  firm.  At  his  profession  Mr. 
Stokes  has  had  entire  success,  has  always 
enjoyed  the  confidence  of  the  community. 
Among  the  many  and  important  cases  he 
has  been  victorious  in  we  may  mention 
that  of  James  M.  Sullivan  et  al.  vs.  W. 
M.  Thomas,  involving  the  validity  of 
Confederate  investments  and  the  duties 
of  a Commissioner  of  Equity.  It  was 
carried  on  12  years,  commencing  in  1865, 
was  in  the  Supreme  Court  in  1872  and 
1874,  and  in  1879-80  was  the  last  appeal, 
when  he  got  $15,000  on  a claim  of 
$20,000. 

It  is  reported  in  3d  S.  C.,  page 
531,  and  will  be  seen  to  have  entailed  an 
immense  amount  of  labor  and  research. 
Distinguished  in  his  profession,  Mr. 
Stokes  has  also  gained  eminence  politi- 
cally. 

From  1856  to  1861  he  sat  in  the 
Legislature,  and  was  an  energetic  mem- 
ber of  many  important  committees, 
including  the  Claims,  Privileges  and 
Elections  Committees,  and  was  appointed 
chairman  of  the  Educational  Committee, 
succeeding  Gen.  McGowan.  In  the  war 
Mr.  Stokes  held  the  position  of  Assessor 
to  the  Confederate  Government.  In 
Greenville  he  was  chairman  of  the 
Democratic  Executive  Committee,  and 
is  a much  respected  citizen.  His  part- 
ner is  a young  and  rising  lawyer  of  the 
county,  was  born  in  Greenville  and 
studied  law  with  Simpson  & Moore  and 
with  Maj.  James  H.  Whitner,  and 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1878.  He  is 
quite  popular  and  came  near  getting 
into  the  Legislature  last  time,  a likely 


representative  this  fall  and  will  prove  a 
statesman  alive  to  the  best  interests  of 
his  constituency. 


HON.  TH OS.  Q.  DONALDSON. 

An  eminent  lawyer  of  South  Carolina, 
was  born  in  Greenville  county,  on  the 
27th  August,  1834.  The  first  sixteen 
years  of  his  life  were  passed  on  his  fa- 
ther’s farm,  and  in  attending  schools,  such 
as  the  neighborhood  afforded,  by  which 
means  he  acquired  a good  knowledge  of 
farming  operations,  and  made  consider- 
able proficiency  in  the  elementary 
branches  of  an  English  education.  At 
about  the  age  of  sixteen  he  left  home  to 
attend  a classical  school,  where,  in  addi- 
tion to  English,  he  devoted  himself  for 
three  years  to  the  study  of  the  Latin  and 
Greek  languages,  under  the  tuition  of 
Mr.  Wesley  Leverette,  a teacher  of  ex- 
tensive reputation.  After  teaching 
school  a short  time,  Mr.  Donaldson, 
about  the  18th  March,  ’53,  came  to 
Greenville  and  began  the  study  of  law  in 
the  office  of  C.  J.  Elford,  where  after 
two  years  of  application,  and  profiting 
immeasurably  under  the  guidance  of 
such  a prominent  member  of  the  bar,  he 
was  admitted  in  1855,  in  a class  of  fif- 
teen before  the  Supreme  Court.  He  be- 
gan practice  with  his  preceptor,  which 
partnership  lasted  till  1st  January,  '61, 
when  he  continued  his  career  alone.  In 
April,  '61,  he  joined  the  Butler  Guards, 
and  was  in  the  army  till  May,  ’62,  when 
his  health  failing,  he  returned  home, 
and  without  solicitation,  was  appointed 
Collector  of  the  War  Tax  of  Greenville 
county,  the  duties  of  which  office  he 
discharged  to  the  satisfaction  of  the  peo- 
ple till  the  war  closed,  when  he  resumed 
the  practice  of  law.  In  the  fall  of  '63, 
he  was  a candidate  for  the  Legislature, 
but  was  defeated  by  40  votes.  From  this 
time  he  devoted  himself  to  his  profes- 
sion and  extended  his  professional  stand- 
ing, became  noted  for  his  attention  to 
his  client’s  interest  and  soon  came  to  do 
one  of  the  most  lucrative  practices  in  the 
up-country,  which  patronage  he  still  en- 
joys. His  popularity  steadily  grew,  and 
in  ’72,  he  was  nominated  by  the  Demo- 
cratic County  Convention  for  the  State 
Senate  by  a vote  of  34  out  of  48,  on  the 
first  ballot,  and  defeated  at  the  ensuing 


State  of  South  Carolina. 


101 


election  the  opposing  Republican  candi- 
date by  a large  majority. 

His  course  in  the  Senate  was  charac- 
terised by  great  prudence  and  firmness, 
and  while  he  ever  maintained  with  un- 
flinching consistency,  the  principles  of 
the  Democratic  party,  he,  at  all  times, 
commanded  the  respect  of  the  opjiosi- 
tion.  Mr.  Donaldson  has  been  a factor 
in  promoting  the  interests  of  the  county. 
He  was  a zealous  and  leading  advocate 
of  the  Air  Line  R.  R.,  and  was  chair- 
man of  the  committee  of  thirty-six  gen- 
tlemen who  conducted  the  canvass  for 
the  county  subscription,  which  was  car- 
ried by  an  overwhelming  majority.  He 
is  at  present  one  of  the  commission  of 
three  appointed  by  government  to  revise 
the  tax  laws  of  the  State,  and  is  con- 
nected with  many  of  the  important 
financial  enterprises  of  the  county.  He 
is  President  of  the  Huguenot  Mill,  Di- 
rector of  the  Camperdown  and  the  Pied- 
mont Mills,  in  the  City  Building  & Loan 
Association,  etc.  He  is  an  influential 
leader  in  the  Baptist  Church,  of  which 
he  has  been  a member  for  thirty  years, 
and  was  a teacher  in  the  Sunday  School 
about  ten  years.  He  is  one  of  the  finan- 
ciers in  this  county,  and  is  alive  to  the 
material  advancement,  and  takes  an  ac- 
tive interest  in  the  moral  and  govern- 
mental welfare  of  the  county.  He  mar- 
ried in  1860,  the  daughter  of  the  late 
Col.  David  Hoke,  and  has  four  children. 


DR.  W.  R.  JONES. 

The  above,  one  of  the  prominent 
men  connected  with  the  material  ad- 
vancement and  social  welfare  of  South 
Carolina,  was  born  in  Greenville,  and 
first  studied  medicine  with  Dr.  W.  P. 
Turban  and  later  at  South  Carolina 
Medical  College,  from  which  he  gradu- 
ated in  1851.  The  Doctor  was  a diligent 
student  and  the  practice  of  the  profes- 
sion came  natural  to  him.  His  skill, 
more  especially  in  surgery,  soon  brought 
him  into  notice,  and  at  one  time  he 
enjoyed  the  largest  practice  in  the  upper 
part  of  the  State.  Though  devoting 
himself  now  in  a great  measure  to  manu- 
facturing pursuits,  he  still  possesses  the 
extended  patronage  of  the  community, 
and  his  name  is  a household  word  in 
many  homes  in  this  and  all  through  the 


adjacent  counties  where  his  fame  as  a 
practitioner  has  never  waned.  He  is  a 
member  of  the  State  Medical  Association 
and  has  been  twice  President  of  the 
County  Medical  Society.  Apart  from 
the  practice  of  his  profession,  the  main 
business  enterprise  he  is  engaged  in  is  the 
GREENVILLE  PAPER  MILLS, 
of  which  he  is  sole  proprietor.  The  mill 
was  established  in  1835  by  one  Paterson, 
and  thus  is  not  only  one  of  the  most 
important  but  the  oldest  manufacturing 
venture  in  the  up  country  and  perhaps 
in  the  State.  He  has  owned  it  since 
1875  and  has  by  able  management  and 
economy  increased  its  trade  till  its  goods 
are  extensively  sold  all  over  South  Caro- 
lina and  into  Georgia  and  North  Caro- 
lina. They  consist  of  news,  manilla  and 
wrapping  papers,  all  weights  and  of  best 
qualities,  a large  stock  being  kept  on 
hand,  any  size  being  also  made  to  order 
as  parties  may  desire.  The  miil  is  a two 
story  brick  building,  located  on  Reedy 
River,  six  miles  below  Greenville,  and  is 
provided  with  the  most  serviceable  plant 
in  the  way  of  machinery,  engines,  etc., 
the  Avliole  being  arranged  with  the  view 
of  manufacturing  expeditiously.  From 
1,000  to  1,200  pounds  is  turned  out  on 
an  average  daily  and  the  paper  rivals  the 
best  makes  from  the  New  England  mills. 
Ten  experienced  hands  are  employed  in 
the  various  departments. 

Dr.  Jones  is  also  a leading  society 
man,  belongs  to  the  Masonic  Order  and 
is  an  active  member  of  Recovery  Lodge 
31,  Cyrus  Chapter  22,  and  also  in  the 
Council.  He  stands  high  in  the  profes- 
sion and  is  one  of  our  most  useful  and 
respected  citizens,  as  his  mill  is  one  of 
the  best  conducted  and  most  beneficial 
institutions  in  the  State. 


J.  F.  DORROH,  M.  D. 

The  above,  one  of  our  most  skillful 
and  respected  physicians,  is  a native  <;f 
Lawrence  county,  and  received  his  early 
education  at  the  Lawrenceville  Academy. 
He  pursued  the  study  of  medicine  at 
Jefferson  Medical  College,  Philadelphia, 
graduating  from  here  in  1839.  He  spent 
some  time  in  Blackley  Hospital  on  the 
west  side  of  Schuylkill,  as  an  under- 
graduate. He  conducted  practice  in  his 
I native  county,  till  February,  1873,  when 


102 


City  of  Greenville, 


he  moved  to  Greenville.  In  the  war  he 
was  in  the  medical  department,  and 
mostly  in  the  field  with  the  Third  South 
Carolina  Regiment,  under  lire  all  the 
time  for  six  months.  By  his  removal  to 
this  city  his  business  has  augmented, 
and  he  enjoys  a large  and  lucrative  prac- 
tice, and  is  often  called  many  miles  into 
the  country.  As  a medical  attendant  he 
has  been  very  successful,  and  takes  rank 
with  the  leading  in  the  State.  He  is  an 
influential  member  of  the  County  Medi- 
cal Association,  and  was  four  years  the 
efficient  Chairman  of  the  State  Sub. 
Board  of  Health  for  this  county.  Per- 
sonally the  doctor  is  an  agreeable  gentle- 
man and  well  merits  the  popularity  and 
esteem  he  enjoys. 


JAS.  H.  MORGAN  & BRO. 

Wholesale  and  Retail  Dealers  in 

Dry  Goods,  Shoes,  Groceri  s, 

Etc.,  Etc. 

Among  those  who  have  signally  distin- 
guished themselves  in  mercantile  life  in 
this  city,  we  are  under  just  obligations 
in  noting  the  firm  of  Jas.  II.  Morgan  & 
Bro.  as  having  contributed  largely  to  the 
development  of  trade  in  the  upper  sec- 
tion of  this~~State.  The  house  was  ori- 
ginally established  in  1871  as  Davis  & 
Morgan,  becoming  in  ’75  J.  II.  Morgan 
& Co.,  and  in  '77  the  present  name  was 
adopted.  It  has  from  the  commence- 
ment steadily  continued  its  career  with 
most  encouraging  success,  till  now  it  is 
one  of  the  most  extensive  houses  in  the 
State  and  commands  a large  and  increas- 
ing trade,  ramifying  all  through  Green- 
ville county  and  the  adjacent  territory 
and  into  North  Carolina  as  well.  The 
store  occupies  two  floors,  each  24x100 
feet  in  dimensions,  besides  a warehouse 
and  cellar.  These  are  filled  to  repletion 
with  stock  which  averages  from  $20,000  to 
$30,000  in  value,  according  to  the  season. 
The  main  store  is  made  attractive  by  a 
generous  display  in  the  various  handsome 
show  cases  and  on  the  many  counters, 
shelves  and  tables  of  a complete  line  of 
dry  goods,  including  the  finest  produc- 
tions of  home  and  foreign  mills,  silks, 
satins,  cashmeres,  brocades,  ladies’  dol- 
mans and  cloaks,  gloves,  hosiery,  etc., 
all  alike  of  guaranteed  quality.  Also, 
boots  and  shoes,  for  ladies,  gents  and 


children’s  wear  in  the  latest  styles,  and 
in  sizes  to  suit  all  feet. 

In  the  grocery  department  a large  se- 
lection of  the  choicest  staple  and  fancy 
groceries  is  likewise  kept.  The  firm  do 
no  inconsiderable  jobbing  business  also. 
They  are  agents  for  plaids,  yarns,  shirt- 
ings and  sheetings  for  some  of  the  best 
mills,  these  goods  being  of  an  excellency 
unsurpassed  and  sold  to  merchants  at  fac- 
tory prices  and  terms;  five  to  eight 
hands  are  employed,  according  to  the 
season,  who  are  attentive  to  the  many 
patrons  of  the  house.  They  are  also 
agents  for  the  following  celebrated  ma- 
chinery: Farquhar’s  horizontal  and 

vertical  steam  engines,  the  purchase  of 
which  will  inestimably  repay  every  far- 
mer who  raises  fifteen  bales;  saw  mills 
and  separators ; Gullett’s  improved  mag- 
nolia cotton  gin,  with  self-feeder  and  con- 
denser; Massey’s  excelsior  and  Griswold’s 
cotton  gins,  feeders  and  condenser:  grist 
mills,  walking  and  riding  cultivators, 
reapers,  mowers  and  agricultural  imple- 
ments generally.  Their  machinery  has 
always  given  satisfaction.  Buying  their 
goods  in  large  quantities  and  quickly  dis- 
posing of  the  same,  they  are  enabled  to 
keep  constantly  on  hand  a new  stock  and 
to  sell  at  figures  advantageous  to  custom- 
ers. The  individual  members  of  this 
prosperous  firm  are  Mr.  Jas.  H.  & M.  A. 
Morgan.  They  are  both  natives  of 
Greenville  county,  the  first  having  been 
partly  raised  in  Pickens,  and  served  in 
the  First-  South  Carolina  Militia  in  this 
State  for  the  Confederate  cause.  These 
gentlemen  are  well  known  and  promi- 
nent members  of  the  community,  and 
their  establishment  largely  patronized  by 
first  class  custom,  reflects  the  greatest 
credit  on  their  business  ability,  integrity 
and  enterprise. 

R.  M.  MACDONALD, 

Greenville  Machine  Works. 

Among  the  many  industrial  establish- 
ments of  the  State  that  have  been 
sketched  in  this  volume,  the  Greenville 
Machine  Works  and  Iron  Foundry 
claims  more  than  ordinary  attention  at 
our  hands,  both  on  account  of  the  im- 
proved quality  of  its  products  and  the 
important  influence  it  is  wielding  in  ex- 
tending the  reputation  of  the  city  as  an 


State  oe  South  Carolina. 


ioS 


advantageous  location  for  the  establish- 
ment of  manufacturing  enterprises.  The 
works,  located  on  the  banks  of  the  Ree- 
dy River,  consist  of  a main  building — 
the  machine  shop,  40x100  feet,  provided 
with  the  latest,  best  and  most  improved 
machinery — the  whole  being  driven  by 
an  eight-horse  Westinghouse  engine. 
The  adjacent  building,  40x50  feet,  is  the 
foundry  with  two  cupolas,  the  larger  one 
of  2,000  pounds  capacity,  and  the  shop 
is  provided  with  a crane  and  its  accom- 
panying apparatus,  necessary  to  swing 
and  work  with  ease  a ton  casting.  To 
these  buildings  are  added  the  engine 
house,  pattern  shop,  storage  sheds  and 
all  the  minor  conveniences  and  appen- 
dages of  a first  class  establishment.  To 
pattern  making  the  house  gives  careful 
attention,  having  at  the  head  of  the  de- 
partment, the  best  workman  in  upper 
South  Carolina,  Mr.  Jno.  Adams,  of 
Glasgow,  Scotland,  who  has  had  over  60 
years  experience  in  this  line.  It  may  be 
safely  said  that  this  is  by  far  the  best 
equipped  shop  of  its  kind  in  the  State, 
as  its  products  are  not  equalled  by  any 
other  concern  in  this  section  of  country. 
Fifteen  to  twenty  competent  hands  are 
employed,  who  are  under  the  direct  su- 
pervision of  Mr.  Macdonald,  the  owner 
of  the  institution.  Though  repairing, 
casting  and  finishing  machinery  and  iron 
work  of  all  kinds  is  here  executed  with 
skill  and  promptness,  the  establishment 
is  largely  engaged  in  doing  work  for  the 
cotton  factories,  building  associations, 
corn  and  flour  mills  of  the  whole  State, 
and  many  in  Georgia  and  North  Caroli- 
na, where  the  products  have  a standard 
reputation,  and  for  finish,  durability  and 
exactness  unsurpassed.  A few  words  in 
connection  with  the  life  of  the  owner  of 
this  establishment,  which  is  history 
the  people,  will  be  appropriate. 

Rollo  M.  Macdonald  was  born  in  Mur- 
rayshire,  Scotland,  13th  May,  1849,  and 
at  an  early  age  went  to  Aberdeen,  where 
he  was  for  six  or  eight  years  learning  the 
trade,  engaged  as  a blacksmith.  In  1872, 
he  sailed  for  Halifax,  N.  S.  He  remain- 
ed two  years  in  Montreal,  and  then  came 
to  New  York,  where  he  soon  heard  of 
the  progressive  South,  and  decided  to 
come  to  Greenville,  aniving  here  in  De- 
cember, 1875. 

With  little  else  but  a hammer,  he  se- 


lected a site  and  at  once  commenced 
work,  assisted  by  a colored  man,  in  a 12x 
16  feet  shop.  The  people  soon  placed 
the  fullest  confidence  in  him  and  assist- 
ed him  in  every  way  and  the  demand  for 
His  work  increased.  In  1878,  by  fire,  he 
lost  over  $1,500  worth  of  plant.  Un- 
daunted by  his  loss,  he  continued  to  car- 
ry on  business  under  the  nearest  tree, 
commenced  to  rebuild,  actually  using 
the  coals  of  His  destroyed  shop  to  light 
the  fires  of  the  new.  Last  spring  he  left 
this  location  on  McBee  ground,  where 
he  had  been  since  his  first  beginning,  and 
bought  the  land  on  the  other  side  of  the 
river,  where  he  had  already  built  for 
himself  a nice  comfortable  house,  and 
erected  the  edifices  he  now  occupies.  Mr. 
Macdonald  is  a member  of  the  Masonic 
Lodge  Antiquity,  of  Montreal.  His  busi- 
ness enterprise  and  capacity  leave  little 
for  us  to  say.  His  unparallelled  success 
is  an  example,  especially  to  the  young, 
of  what  can  be  attained  in  this  South- 
ern country  by,  first,  a thorough  know- 
ledge of  the  business  to  be  followed  out, 
then  a stern  and  unwavering  purpose, 
strict  economy,  great  pluck,  always  wide 
awake  and  pushing,  and  above  all,  care- 
ful attention  to  disbursements  and  re- 
ceipts, and  unfaltering  probity.  To  these 
qualities  combined  with  the  best  of  con- 
stitutions, preserved  by  temperance  in 
all  things,  we  may  attribute  the  impor- 
tant position  the  Greenville  Machine 
Works  occupy  in  the  resources  of  the 
State,  and  the  envied  place  Mi>  Mac- 
donald fills  in  the  minds  and  hearts  of 
Greenvillians. 


C.  A.  DAViD, 

Dry  Goods,  Notions,  Etc. 

Among  the  enterprising  men  of  this 
city,  we  note  with  pleasure  the  above, 
whose  store  is  centrally  located  on  Main 
Street.  It  consists  of  a substantial 
2-story  brick  building,  25x90  feet  in  ex- 
tent. The  stock  carried  having  a repre- 
sentative value  of  $12,000,  embraces  a 
full  line  of  the  best  foreign  and  domes- 
tic dry  goods,  silks,  satins,  millinery, 
brocades,  cassimeres,  etc.,  and  a large 
and  varied  assortment  of  the  newest 
American  notions.  A specialty  is  made 
of  zephyr  yarns,  of  which  he  keeps  the 
finest  stock  in  the  State.  Supplies  are 


City  of  GreenvilIe, 


io4 


obtained  direct  from  first  hands  in  large 
quantities,  and  the  house  bears  a high 
repute  for  the  liberal  manner  in  which 
business  is  conducted,  and  the  reliability 
to  be  placed  on  every  representation 
made.  Mr.  David  employs  four  expe- 
rienced and  polite  hands  who  are  atten- 
tive to  callers.  The  trade  of  the  house 
is  large,  extends  throughout  the  upper 
part  of  this  State  and  into  North  Caro- 
lina, a considerable  jobbing  business  be- 
ing also  done.  The  house  was  originally 
established  many  years  ago  by  Col.  T.  13. 
Roberts,  succeeded  by  A.  J.  Roberts, 
who  was  joined  in  ’82  by  Mr.  C.  A.  Da- 
vid, who  succeeded  to  the  entire  interest 
in  April  last.  Mr.  David  is  a man  of 
enterprise  and  ability  and  has  immensely 
increased  the  firm's  good  name  till  his 
commodities  enjoy  a standard  reputa- 
tion wherever  they  are  sold.  Mr.  David 
is  a native  of  Cheraw,  Chesterfield  coun- 
ty, and  came  to  Greenville  a child.  He 
is  recognized  among  our  most  useful  and 
influential  citizens,  as  the  house  is  favor- 
ably known  and  deservedly  acknowledged 
one  of  the  leading  in  its  line  in  this  sec- 
tion of  the  State. 


J.  A.  COOK, 

Stoves,  Tinware,  House  Furnish- 
ing Goods,  Etc. 


We  question  if  on  any  other  subject 
connected  with  our  modes  of  living  there 
has  been  displayed  so  much  talent  and 
inventive  genius  as  in  the  improvements 
that  have  been  made  in  the  manufacture 
of  the  above  lines  of  goods.  American 
stoves  are  unequalled  for  economy  and 
efficiency,  and  our  house  furnishing 
goods  are  in  increasing  demand  through- 
out the  world.  At  no  place  can  these 


results  be  more  plainly  seen  than  in  the 
above  well  known  establishment  of  Mr. 
J.  A.  Cook,  centrally  located  on  Main 
Street.  The  premises  are  17x80  feet  in 
extent,  are  well  arranged,  and  the  work- 
shop in  the  rear,  where  the  manufactur- 
ing of  tinware  and  all  sorts  of  repairing 
is  done,  is  provided  with  every  conveni- 
ence and  necessary  appliance  for  carry- 
ing on  work,  which  enables  the  proprie- 
tor to  fulfil  all  orders  in  this  direction 
with  expedition  and  exactness.  The 
stock,  which  averages  some  83,000  in 
value,  consists  of  a full  line  of  parlor 
and  kitchen  heating  stoves  and  ranges, 
furnaces,  etc.,  and  a large  supply  of  tin- 
ware, house  furnishing  goods,  sheet  iron, 
japanned  ware,  and  in  fact,  any  thiug 
made  of  metal  used  for  domestic  pur- 
poses, can  here  be  obtained  always  at 
reasonable  prices.  Mr.  Cook’s  tinware, 
when  made  to  order,  also  invariably  gives 
satisfaction,  and  his  general  trade,  which 
constantly  augments,  extends  throughout 
this  and  somewhat  into  Laurens,  Pick- 
ens and  Anderson  counties.  He  keeps 
two  competent  hands  always  at  work, 
who  assist  him  in  the  various  depart- 
ments, including  that  of  tin-roofing,  in 
which  he  guarantees  all  jobs  to  last.  Mr. 
J.  A.  Cook  is  a native  of  Greenville.  He 
is  thoroughly  familiar  with  the  details  of 
the  business  and  worked  13  years  for  A. 
J.  Ross,  whom  he  succeeded  on  the  1st 
November,  ’82,  since  when  he  has  con- 
ducted his  affairs  in  a manner  which  has 
acquired  for  him  the  respect  and  confi- 
dence of  the  communitv. 


STRADLEY  & BARR, 

Dry  Goods,  Notions.  Etc.,  Main 
Street.  P.  0.  Box  172. 

In  speaking  of  a house  so  well  known 
and  holding  so  strong  a position  in  the 
trade  as  that  of  Stradlev  & Barr,  we 
cannot  hope  to  add  anything  to  its 
standing  and  reputation.  Yet  our  pur- 
pose to  make  this  work  a valuable 
reviewer  of  the  mercantile  interests  of 
South  Carolina  makes  it  our  pleasant 
duty  to  say  a few  words  with  regard  to 
this  popular  house.  The  firm  was  estab- 
lished in  January,  1882.  succeeding  the 
older  house  of  T.  W.  Davis,  in  which 
both  the  present  proprietors  were  confi- 
dential employees.  The  premises  com- 


State  of  South  Carolina. 


105 


prise  a spacious  floor,  30x95  feet  in 
extent,  the  store  being  made  one  of  the 
most  attractive  in  town  by  the  tasteful 
arrangement  and  elegant  display  of  stock 
in  the  various  showcases  and  on  numer- 
ous shelves  and  tables,  giving  the  intend- 
ing purchaser  at  once  an  idea  of  its 
superiority  and  variety.  The  selection  con- 
sists of  foreign  and  domestic  dry  goods, 
silks,  satins,  broadcloths,  tweeds,  cas- 
simeres,  brocades  dress  and  fancy  goods, 
latest  American  notions,  laces,  embroid- 
eries, white  goods,  hosiery,  gloves,  and 
in  fact  everything  kept  in  a first-class 
city  dry  goods  emporium.  They  also 
keep  the  largest  and  fullest  stock  in 
town  of  crochet  and  knitting  Camper- 
down  yarns,  which  have  already  become 
standard  throughout  the  country,  and 
are  unsurpassed  for  beauty  of  coloring 
and  softness  of  texture.  They  are  all 
three-ply  and  fast  colors,  and  orders  by 
mail  and  express  for  them  are  promptly 
filled.  The  total  stock  will  run  in  value 
from  $12,000  to  $14,000,  according  to 
the  season,  and  six  competent  hands  are 
employed  in  the  store  who  are  attentive 
and  polite  to  customers.  The  trade  of 
the  house,  large  and  constantly  increas- 
ing, extends  throughout  this  and  all 
adjacent  counties,  considerable  wholesale 
business  being  also  done.  The  individ- 
ual members,  Messrs.  C.  I).  Stradley  and 
G.  T.  Barr,  are  both  well  known  busi- 
ness men  and  useful  citizens  of  our  town. 
The  first  is  a native  of  North  Carolina, 
and  the  latter  of  Anderson  county. 
They  both  came  to  Greenville  in  1874, 
and  are  likewise  both  members  of  the 
G.  T.,  Mr.  Stradley  being  a Past  Worthy 
Patriarch  of  the  order.  In  conclusion, 
we  will  say  the  business  is  conducted 
under  a management  at  once  liberal  and 
enterprising,  which  will  not  fail  to  do 
everything  that  can  be  done  to  maintain 
the  reputation  of  the  goods  and  keep 
them  always  in  the  van  of  progression  up 
to  that  point  that  stamps  their  products 
with  the  first  standard  of  excellency. 


R.  E.  ALLEN  & 5RO., 

Grocers. 

This  enterprising  and  prosperous  firm, 
which  deserves  special  mention  in  a work 
reviewing  the  representative  houses  of 
the  up-country,  was  established  in  June, 


1883,  succeeding  in  West  Greenville,  the 
branch  house,  Ferguson  & Miller,  had 
long  carried  on  here.  The  premises,  lo- 
cated on  Pendleton  Street,  convenient 
for  supplying  the  large  and  steadily 
growing  country  trade  they  command, 
are  30x100  feet  in  dimensions.  They  are 
well  arranged  and  admirably  adapted  for 
prosecuting  business,  and  are  provided 
with  facilities  for  expeditiously  handling 
large  quantities  of  goods.  The  stock 
averaging  some  $7,000  in  value,  consists 
of  a full  line  of  staple  and  fancy  groce- 
ceries,  fresh  teas  and  coffees,  standard 
sugars,  molasses  and  syrups,  flour,  ba- 
con, lard,  hams,  country  produce,  foreign 
and  domestic  green  and  dried  fruits, 
confectionery,  canned  goods,  imported 
and  domestic  pickles,  potted  meats,  to- 
bacco and  cigars,  etc.,  etc.,  can  all  be 
found  here  in  any  quantity,  of  genuine 
quality  and  sold  at  prices  advantageous 
to  customers.  Two  competent  and  ob- 
liging  hands  assist  the  proprietors  in 
their  various  duties,  and  two  wagons  are 
constantly  in  use  delivering  to  the  many 
patrons  in  this  and  adjacent  counties. 
The  young  and  wide  awake  owners  of 
this  establishment,  Mr.  R.  E.  and  Mr. 
II.  \\ . Allen,  are  both  natives  of  Abbe- 
ville. ^ The  first,  who  is  a member  of  the 
K.  of  II.,  came  to  this  county  in  ’75, 
and  the  second  five  years  later.  They 
have  always  been  looked  upon  among 
Greenville’s  reliable,  energetic  and  far- 
seeing  business  men,  useful  citizens  and 
generally  important  acquisitions  to  the 
community’s  welfare  and  advancement. 


D.  T.  BACOT  & CO., 

West  End  Drug  Store.  Wholesale 
and  Retail  Druggists. 

Prominent  among  the  business  houses 
of  this  city,  we  note  the  well  known  and 
popular  firm  of  D.  T.  Bacot  & Co.,  re- 
gistered in  Washington  as  the  “West 
End  Drug  Store.”  The  business  was 
founded  m 1873,  and  has  been  since 
1877  under  the  present  efficient  manage- 
ment, and  has  continued  steadily  to  gain 
patronage  till  it  ranks  with  any  in  the  up 
country.  The  premises,  located  in  West 
Greenville,  consists  of  a spacious  build- 
ing, two  story  and  basement,  24x88  feet 
in  extent,  neatly  arranged  and  provided 
with  the  latest  improvements  for  carry- 


City  of  (Iuken vii.i.K 


ing  on  business,  making  the  West  End 
Drug  Store  one  of  the  most  attractive 
establishments  of  the  town.  The  stock 
averaging  some  $0,000  in  value,  contains 
a full  line  of  pure  foreign  and  domestic 
drugs  and  chemicals,  standard  proprie- 
tary medicines,  perfumery,  toilet  arti- 
cles, etc.  Goods  are  supplied  to  custom- 
ers at  moderate  charges.  Special  atten- 
tion is  given  to  the  prescription  depart- 
ment, physicians  and  family  receipts  be- 
ing filled  with  correctness  and  dispatch. 
This  establishment  also  manufactures 
best  liver  pills,  and  their  never  failing  lin- 
iment, which  is  unsurpassed.  Three  com- 
petent hands  are  employed  and  the  trade, 
both  wholesale  and  retail,  is  large  and 
extends  throughout  the  five  surround- 
ing counties.  Dr.  Bacot  is  a native  of 
Charleston,  licentiate  in  pharmacy  for 
the  State  Pharm.  Board,  and  came  to 
Greenville  seven  years  ago,  having  before 
that  been  two  years  in  the  business  in 
Pendleton,  S.  C.  He  is  counted  as  a 
skillful  pharmacist  and  experienced 
druggist,  and  the  owner  of  a house  which 
is  as  much  a credit  to  the  city  as  its  high 
standing  reflects  on  its  owners  watchful- 
ness and  foresight.  The  doctor  is  a 
member  of  the  State  Pharm.  Society. 


W.  T.  J.  WOODWARD  & SON, 

Merchandise  Brokers. 

It  seems  to  the  writer  that  almost  any 
class  of  business  men  might  be  spared 
from  Greenville  to  better  advantage  than 
her  brokers  and  commission  merchants, 
for  it  is  by  means  of  their  energy  and 
enterprise  that  a community  is  not  com- 
pelled to  purchase  in  the  narrow  limits 
of  the  immediate  vicinity,  but  is  afforded 
a means  of  buying  at  the  most  advan- 
tageous prices  in  the  markets  of  the 
world.  The  best  known  house  engaged 
in  this  line  in  Greenville  is  that  of  W. 
T.  J.  Woodward  & Son.  whose  comforta- 
ble office  is  conveniently  located  on 
Main  Street  in  the  centre  of  business 
activity.  The  house  was  established  in 
July,  1879,  and  has  since  acquired  a ■ 
large  and  widespread  trade  extending 
throughout  the  State,  where  they  have 
three  experienced  men  traveling  in  their 
interests.  They  handle  principally  flour, 
grain,  provisions,  groceries,  and  are 
noted  for  the  prompt  attention  given  to 


all  business  submitted  to  them,  giving 
the  retailers  the  benefit  of  their  large 
connections,  as  they  represent  houses 
whose  names  are  synonymous  with  the 
best  goods  in  the  market.  They  sell 
mostly  for  the  following:  J.  D.  Folv, 
Baltimore,  sugars  and  coffees  ; J.  0. 
Shaffer,  Baltimore,  provisions  ; Rierwan 
Bros.,  Baltimore,  provisions ; J.  0. 
Lloyd,  New  York,  coffees;  Jacob  Kraws 
& Co.,  Geo.  Lamb  & Bro.,  E.  P.  Kirby, 
New  York,  cheese  and  butter  ; G.  P. 
Willier,  flour;  C.  A.  Gamble  Flour  Man- 
ufacturing Company,  Baltimore  ; Yic- 
toria  Mills  and  the  Charter  Mills,  of 
Tennessee  ; Kentucky  Flour  Company, 
Louisville,  etc.  Are  also  agents  and 
have  storage  magazine  for  the  Hazard 
Powder  Manufacturing  Company,  of 
Connecticut,  the  leading  makers  of  this 
article  in  the  United  States.  They  also 
carry  a large  stock  of  flour,  sugar  and 
provisions  and  can  generally  suit  parties 
requiring  any  variety  of  these  staples  on 
receipt  of  order,  without  the  necessity 
of  waiting  for  returns  from  the  manu- 
facturers and  jobbers  of  the  Northern 
and  Western  cities.  They  have  like- 
wise for  many  years  done  an  important 
trade  throughout  the  State  as  agents  for 
Shipman  & Co.'s  duplicating  letter 
books,  which  to-day  no  well  equipped 
business  establishment  can  do  without, 
Mr.  IV.  T.  J.  Woodward  is  well  known 
among  the  most  go-a-head  men  of  our 
city.  He  has  been  a resident  of  this 
State  for  thirty-five  years  and  was  among 
the  first  to  introduce  into  this  country 
an  express  system,  being  many  years 
member  of  the  firm  of  Coombs  & Co., 
and  from  1854  to  1865  was  Adams' 
agent  in  Charleston.  During  the  war 
he  was  engaged  in  blockading  and  with 
the  Confederate  Government.  In  1866 
and  1867  he  was  General  Superintendent 
of  the  National  Express  and  Transpor- 
tation Company,  and  many  years  special 
manager  of  the  S.  C.  R.  R.  Co.  for  the 
South.  His  son  and  partner.  Mr.  W.  G. 
Woodward,  is  a rising  business  man  of 
the  place. 


W.  L.  WAIT, 

Attorney  at  Law. 

A successful  and  well  known  lawyer 
of  Greenville,  was  born  in  Laurens  coun- 


State  of  South  Carolina. 


107 


ty,  S.  C.,  22d  June,  1851.  His  ances- 
tors came  from  Virginia  to  this  State. 
He  was  educated  at  Wofford,  and  grad- 
uated from  that  College  28th  June,  1871. 
He  taught  school  some  time  in  Laurens 
county,  and  afterwards  opened  a scho- 
lastic institute — -Wait’s  Grammar  School 
in  Greenville.  This  he  conducted  for 
several  months,  and  then  devoted  his  un- 
divided attention  to  the  study  of  law. 
In  September,  ’73,  he  entered  the  office 
of  Capt.  G.  G.  Wells,  and  on  the  17th 
June  of  the  following  year,  was  admit- 
ted to  the  bar  on  circuit  examination, 
and  on  December,  ’79,  had  his  first  case 
in  the  Supreme  Court.  He  has  since 
continued  the  successful  prosecution  of 
his  profession,  has  steadily  gained  the 
confidence  of  the  public,  and  enjoys  a 
large  and  growing  practice.  He  has  gain- 
ed a number  of  cases  in  the  Supreme 
Courts,  among  which  we  may  mention 
that  of  Rogers  vs.  Nash,  involving  the 
construction  of  the  statute  on  appeals; 
and  it  was  a leading  case  on  the  subject 
of  dismissal  of  appeals.  The  case  of 
Fowler  & Borne  is  also  a memorable  one, 
and  was  fully  given  in  South  Carolina 
Reports,  and  re-reported  in  the  Ameri- 
can Law  Reports.  In  all  these  cases  Mr. 
Wait  showed  good  advocacy  and  know- 
ledge of  the  law,  and  to-day  he  enjoys  a 
high,  reputation  both  with  his  colleagues 
and  the  public  at  large.  He  is  also  a 
popular  society  man,  has  a large  circle 
of  friends,  and  is  a member  of  the 
K.  H. 


S.  P.  BURBAGE, 

Silverware,  China,  Stoves,  House 
Furnishing  Goods,  Etc.,  Corner 
Main  and  Coffee  Streets. 

Among  the  representative  men  in  this 
city,  whose  business  makes  Greenville  a 
thriving  centre  of  trade,  the  above  is 
entitled  to  mention.  This  house  was 
originally  founded  over  30  years  ago  as 
N.  F.  Burgiss  & Co.,  and  was  many 
years  carried  on  as  Burbage  & Gilreath, 
till  February  ’84,  when  they  dissolved 
and  Mr.  Burbage  has  since  continued 
alone.  His  trade  extends  over  this  State 
and  into  Georgia  and  North  Carolina, 
his  articles  enjoying  a good  reputation. 
Ov.er  the  same  territory  he  does  a job- 
bing business,  being  represented  by  a 


traveling  salesman,  goods  being  shipped 
to  the  retailers  direct  from  the  factories 
and  jobbers  of  the  North.  The  premi- 
ses, located  on  the  corner  of  Main  and 
Coffee  Streets,  cover  two  spacious  floors 
and  a cellar,  all  32x100  feet,  filled  with 
a stock  averaging  $10,000.  This  consists 
of  silverware,  including  the  best  Ameri- 
can goods  manufactured;  among  the 
china  goods  we  count  all  qualities  of 
English,  French  and  German  makers, 
Italian,  Chinese  and  Japanese  majolica; 
also,  French  lamp  goods,  a large  assort- 
ment of  parlor  and  kitchen  stoves,  tin- 
ware, willow  ware  and  general  house  fur- 
nishing goods.  Three  hands  are  regu- 
larly employed,  and  in  the  busy  season, 
this  number  is  increased  to  six,  and  a 
horse  and  wagon  is  likewise  kept.  Mr. 
Burbage  is  also  a real  estate  holder  in 
town,  owning  one  of  the  finest  residences 
in  the  city  and  eight  lots  besides,  and  has 
a half-interest  in  1,000  acres  of  farming 
land  in  the  county.  On  this  there  are 
twelve  settlements,  comprising  about  90 
people,  and  cotton,  corn,  oats,  etc.,  is 
raised,  50  bales  of  cotton  grown  here  be- 
ing annually  handled  by  Mr.  Burbage. 
This  gentleman  was  born  in  Charleston 
county,  and  was  long  engaged  in  the  pro- 
ductions of  naval  stores  in  Charleston 
and  Colleton  counties.  His  family  has 
always  been  active  in  defending  our 
country’s  rights.  Seven  brothers  took 
part  in  the  Revolutionary  war,  and  in  the 
late  civil  strife,  five  did  good  service  for 
the  Confederate  cause.  Our  subject  was 
then  a member  of  the  Second  S.  C. 
Cavalry,  and  was  prerent  at  most  of  the 
battles  of  the  Virginia  campaigns,  in- 
cluding Gettysburg  and  Brandy  Station. 
In  1856,  he  was  in  the  Florida  war  with 
the  famous  Billy  Bow- Legs.  He  came 
to  Greenville  six  years  ago,  and  has  since 
been  considered  an  influential  citizen  and 
reliable  business  man. 


J.  A.  GOODWIN, 

Groceries  and  Provisions,  Main 
Street. 

In  the  important  line  of  industry  indi- 
cated by  the  foregoing  caption,  Ave  are 
not  indulging  in  any  invidious  compari- 
sons by  according  a place  among  the 
representatives  of  this  trade  in  Upper 
South  Carolina  to  the  above  house, 


108 


City  of  Greenville, 


established  in  January,  1877.  Since  its 
inception  it  has  continued  to  grow  and 
does  a trade  in  this  county  as  well  as  all 
through  the  adjacent  territory  of  Ander- 
son, Laurens,  Pickens,  Union  and  North 
Carolina.  The  premises  occupied  for 
the  business  are  located  on  Main  Street, 
Greenville,  and  consist  of  a three-story 
brick  building  with  cellar,  25x140  feet. 
The  stock,  averaging  some  $12,000  in 
value,  contains  staple  and  fancy  gro- 
ceries, fine  teas  and  coffees,  standard 
sugars  and  inolass.es  spices,  fresh  and 
salt  provisions,  best  brands  of  flour, 
canned  fruits,  table  delicacies  and  gen- 
eral country  produce,  the  whole  being 
constantly  replenished.  Supplies  are 
procured  from  first  hands,  farmers  and 
manufacturers  and  retailed  at  lowest 
market  prices.  He  employs  three  com- 
petent hands  and  keeps  two  delivery 
wagons.  He  handles  also  fertilizers, 
mostly  the  famous  Oriental  brands.  Mr. 
J.  A.  Goodwin  the  sole  owner  of  this 
establishment,  a credit  alike  to  the  city  j 
and  himself,  is  a native  of  Greenville, 
where  he  is  recognized  among  her  expe- 
rienced merchants.  He  is  a gentleman 
who  can  be  depended  upon  in  all  that 
relates  to  the  conduct  of  his  affairs,  and 
we  are  persuaded  that  those  brought  into 
relations  with  him  will  find  all  transac- 
tions satisfactory  in  exery  particular. 


COL.  W.  H.  PERRY, 

State  Senator. 

Col.  W.  H.  Perry,  a member  of  the 
South  Carolina  bar,  was  born  in  Green- 
ville and  graduated  from  Furman  Uni- 
versity in  1856.  He  continued  to  study 
at  South  Carolina  University,  and  later 
at  Harvard,  receiving  the  degree  of 
B.  A.  from  that  institution  in  1859.  He 
then  pursued  the  study  of  the  law  with 
his  father,  who  was  afterwards  Governor 
of  the  State,  and  was  admitted  in  1861. 
At  the  outbreak  of  the  war  he  enlisted  in 
the  2d  S.  C.  Cavalry.  He  served  four 
years,  first  in  Virginia  and  later  trans- 
ferred to  this  State,  being  promoted  to 
the  rank  of  first  lieutenant,  and  surren- 
dered with  Johnston  at  Greensboro’, 
When  peace  returned  he  continued  the 
pursuit  of  his  profession  with  his  father, 
as  Perry  & Perry,  which  firm  still  exists. 
He  won  the  confidence  of  the  continuity 


and  was  chosen  Solicitor  of  this  circuit 
in  1868.  He  was  a delegate  to  the 
Reconstruction  Convention  of  1865  and 
one  of  the  most  active  in  promoting  and 
advising  the  reforming  of  the  State  laws 
which  then  took  place.  In  1880  he  was 
elected  by  a large  majority  as  State  Sena- 
tor from  this  county.  Pie  has  received 
the  Democratic  nomination  for  Congress 
in  this  district  this  year.  The  Colonel 
has  been  appointed  on  two  Governor’s 
staffs.  He  is  an  agreeable  and  pleasant 
gentleman  to  meet,  stands  high  in  pro- 
fessional circles,  is  an  influential  factor 
in  the  moral  and  material  advancement 
of  the  county,  and  greatly  esteemed  in 
social  life,  possesses  an  untarnished 
reputation  as  a private  gentleman  and 
valued  citizen. 


C.  MELDMANN, 

Saddlery,  Harness  and  Shoe 
Findings. 


Among  these  men,  whose  influence 
and  enterprise  add  greatly  to  the  weight 
and  importance  and  whose  solidity  is  a 
prominent  support  of  Greenville’s  com- 
mercial standing,  the  above  is  deserving 
of  special  mention.  Starting  business 
as  a saddler  and  harness  maker  in  lf.49 
in  this  town,  he  has  from,  we  might  say. 
almost  nothing,  risen  to  be  one  of  the 
wealthiest  men  and  largest  land  owneus 
in  the  county.  His  store,  located  on 
Main  Street,  is  filled  with  a fresh  supply 
of  all  kinds  of  saddles,  harness,  bridles, 
bits  and  a complete  line  of  shoe  findings. 
He  makes  to  order,  employing  in  his 
shop  two  competent  hands,  anything  in 
this  line,  at  reasonable  rates  and  guar- 
antees his  work.  Being  thoroughly 
experienced  in  the  details  of  the  business 
and  only  using  the  best  material,  he  has 
gained  a standard  reputation  for  his 


State  of  South  Carolina. 


109 


manufacture.  Mr.  Heldmann  takes  a 
deep  interest  in  the  advancement  of 
farming  and  grape  growing,  and  is  a 
great  student  and  lover  of  horticulture. 
On  Paris  Mountain  he  has  some  nice 
land,  where  he  grows  large  quantities  of 
fruit,  peaches,  plums,  pears,  grapes, 
etc.,  for  which  he  finds  a ready  sale  in 
Greenville. 

This  gentleman  was  born  in  Wetter, 
by  Marburg,  Province  Hessen,  March  25, 
1819,  and  came  to  the  United  States  in 
1810,  arriving  in  Baltimore  in  August  of 
that  year.  By  way  of  Richmond,  Lynch- 
burg, Danville,  Greensboro’,  Salem, 
Rockenham,  where  he  was  three  years 
in  a large  coach  factory,  he  came  to 
Greenville  in  1816,  and  as  soon  as  he 
perceived  the  great  climate  advantages, 
manufacturing  facilities,  fine  surround- 
ing country  for  fruit  and  vine  growing 
he  determined  he  could  not  be  moved 
from  this  spot.  He  has  always  been 
active  in  the  furtherance  of  honest  gov- 
ernment, and  is  an  influential  Odd  Pel- 
low,  having  taken  all  the  degrees  in  that 
order,  and  an  initiated  Mason.  He  is 
regarded  as  one  of  our  best  and  most 
thoroughgoing  men  and  a valuable  acqui- 
sition to  the  social  prosperity  and  sta- 
bility of  this  city  and  county.  He 
married,  December  25,  1817,  Matilda  A. 
Garrison,  of  this  county,  and  has  one 
daughter. 


COL.  A.  BLYTHE, 

A well-known  member  of  the  South 
Carolina  bar,  was  born  in  Greenville 
July  18.  1810,  and  finished  his  education 
by  graduating  M.  A.  from  Furman  Uni- 
versity in  1861.  In  that  year  he  enlisted 
in  the  cavalry  of  the  Hampton  Legion, 
afterwards  called  2d  S.  C.  Cavalry,  serv- 
ing as  third  lieutenant.  At  Jackshops 
he  was  hit  by  a spent  ball,  and  ever 
ready  to  respond  to  duty’s  call  gallantly 
served  the  true  cause,  till  the  fall  of 
Wilmington,  after  which  he  joined  the 
main  army  and  was  disbanded  at  Chester. 
After  the  war  he  was  two  years  in  farm 
life  and  then  commenced  and  pursued 
the  study  of  law  with  John  W.  Stokes, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  on  Supreme 
Court  examination  in  January,  1869. 
He  has  since  conducted  many  cases  in 
all  the  State  and  Federal  Courts  and 


being  attentive  to  his  clients  interests 
he  has  gradually  gained  the  confidence 
of  a large  circle  of  patrons,  and  now  has 
one  of  the  best  practices  in  the  up  coun- 
try. He  has  always  carried  on  business 
in  partnership  with  another,  first  as 
Earl  & Blythe,  then  Blythe  & Ansel 
three  years,  and  since  1881  as  the  pres- 
ent firm  Blythe  & Mayfield.  They  were 
formerly  attorneys  for  the  Air  Line  and 
for  the  C.  & G.  R.  R.  Col.  Blythe 
has  also  had  a significant  political  career. 
He  was  elected  Solicitor  of  the  8th  Judi- 
cial Circuit  in  1872.  He  was  United 
States  Marshal  from  July,  1881,  till  July. 
1883,  and  also  Commissioner  of  United 
States  Courts  before  and  after  he  occu- 
pied the  post  of  Solicitor.  In  his  earlier 
days  he  was  at  various  times  magistrate 
and  trial  justice,  has  ever  been  a weighty 
member  of  his  party  and  active  in  the 
discharge  of  the  duties  of  the  various 
responsible  positions  he  has  held  and  in 
the  welfare  of  the  State. 


MISS  M.  A.  McKAY, 

Fine  Millinery,  Fancy  Wear,  Etc. 

Bridal  Trousseaux  to  Order. 

It  would  be  but  just  to  our  lady 
readers,  in  reviewing  the  different  indus- 
tries of  the  city,  to  note  the  above  house, 
which,  representing  a line  of  trade 
peculiar  to,  characteristic  of  and  belong- 
ing to  their  sex,  they  will  take  a great 
interest  in  and  accord  their  liberal 
patronage  to.  Miss  McKay  started 
shortly  after  the  close  of  the  war  and  has 
by  industry  and  close  attention  to  patrons’ 
wants  always  enjoyed  a large  custom,  till 
now  her  store  may  be  called  a central 
rendezvous  or  purchasing  point  for  mem- 
bers of  the  fair  sex  when  in  town.  The 
store  has  always  been  located  on  the  site 
it  now  is,  where  it  occupies  a substantial 
new  brick  building,  one  of  the  most 
attractive  on  Main  Street.  The  store, 
which  is  the  property  of  its  incumbent, 
is  conveniently  arranged  for  carrying  on 
business  and  the  stock  elegantly  displayed 
in  the  various  showcases  and  tables,  in 
its  style,  neatness  and  taste  denotes 
great  artistic  ability  in  its  preparation, 
while  its  variety,  extent  and  luxurious- 
ness betrays  that  no  small  capital  is 
expended  in  obtaining  the  best  goods 
that  the  markets  of  the  world  produce. 


110 


City  of  Greenville, 


For  this  purpose  the  owner  visits  New 
York  twice  a year,  and  so  keeps  her 
stock  replete  with  all  the  latest  and  most 
fashionable  styles,  thus  affording  the 
public  of  this  section  an  opportunity  of 
getting  the  newest  modes  as  soon  as  they 
are  given  to  the  belles  of  Fifth  Avenue 
or  Champs  Elysees,  and  always  at  as  low, 
sometimes  at  lower  rates  than  the  mo- 
distes of  Paris  or  New  York  supply 
them.  Miss  McKay,  who  possesses  the 
artistic  comprehension,  chastened  by 
study  and  observation,  to  judge  what  is 
most  fitting  and  suitable  to  the  person- 
elle  of  her  patrons,  furnishes  to  an  ap- 
preciate public  all  kinds  and  styles  of 
tine  millinery,  fancy  wear,  etc.  Possess- 
ing also  the  requisite  skill  and  proficien- 
cy to  develop  her  ideas,  she  has  gained  a 
standard  reputation  for  her  bridal  trous- 
seaux, made  to  order.  She  employs  five 
well  taught  hands,  who  are  always  busy 
in  the  workroom,  which,  located  in  the 
rear  and  luxuriously  furnished  and  hand- 
somely ornamented,  forms  a pleasant  and 
comfortable  resort  for  entertaining  those 
who  come  either  to  learn  and  admire,  to 
order  or  to  buy.  Miss.  M.  A.  McKay  is 
a native  of  Aberdeen,  Scotland,  was 
raised  in  Charleston,  towards  the  close 
of  the  war  her  family  came  as  refugees 
to  Greenville,  where  she  has  since  gained 
the  confidence  of  the  community,  and  is 
a lady  eminently  qualified  to  perpetuate 
the  reputation  of  the  house. 


S¥1R$.  E.  CARRAUX, 

Fruits,  Flowers,  Confections,  Etc., 
Vineyards. 

Among  the  several  names  connected 
with  the  grape  and  fruit  growing  inter- 
est in  this  vicinity,  none  is  perhaps  so 
well  known  as  that  of  Garraux,  which 
family,  since  they  came  to  Greenville  12 
years  ago,  have  made  themselves  an  im- 
portant adjunct  to  the  pleasure  and  con- 
venience of  living  in  the  community.  In 
the  city  environs  one  mile  north  from 
the  Court  House,  the  most  casual  trav- 
eler has  observed  a neat  3-story  residence 
surrounded  by  beautifully  kept  and  care- 
fully laid  out  gardens.  On  inquiry  he 
will  be  told  that  these  attractive  flower 
beds  and  heavily  laden  fruit  trees  and. 
grape  vines  supply  the  town  with  all 
kinds  of  delicately  perfumed  flowers  and 


choicest  fruits.  The  premises  cover 
over  seven  acres,  two  of  which  are  set 
apart  for  grapes.  There  was  here  pro- 
duced last  year,  700  gallons  of  red  wine, 
rivaling  in  the  taste  and  color  the  ex- 
port of  Spain.  About  5,000  lbs.  of  grapes 
were  disposed  of  as  such,  half  of  which 
quantity  was  shipped  to  Charleston,  the 
remainder  consumed  in  Greenville.  By 
means  of  various  conveniences  and  fa- 
cilities, including  a hot-house,  Mrs.  Gar- 
raux is  able  to  supply  the  public  at  all 
seasons  of  the  year  with  every  variety  of 
fresh  flowers,  which  are  retailed  at  low 
rates.  Their  fruit  store  is  located  on 
Main  Street,  adjacent  to  Lipscomb  & 
Russell's  store,  and  is  familiarly  known 
in  the  city  as  Garraux’s  store.  Perhaps 
there  is  no  other  purchasing  point  in 
town  more  generally  patronized  than 
this,  where  the  service  is  as  polite  and 
amiable  as  the  supplies  are  fresh  and  ex- 
cellent. Here  an  inviting  array  of  all 
sorts  of  choice  fruits,  flowers,  nuts,  can- 
dies, canned  goods,  confectioneries,  ci- 
gars, tobacco,  etc.,  is  displayed.  This 
part  of  the  establishment  is  more  par- 
ticularly attended  to  by  Miss  Bettie,  one 
of  the  eleven  children  of  this  happy  and 
prosperous  family.  Mr.  Garraux  devotes 
his  whole  time  to  the  garden.  He  has 
made  the  finest  vineyard  on  ground 
which  he  bought  as  rock.  He  also  pre- 
pares rooted  plants  for  sale.  Mrs.  Gar- 
reaux  generally  superintends  the  whole 
with  what  ability  a completely  successful 
career  and  a large  establishment,  built 
up  in  nine  years  from  nothing,  is  the 
best  proof.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Garraux  are 
natives  of  Berne,  Switzerland,  and  emi- 
grated to  the  United  States  in  1867. 
They  remained  in  Asheville  five  years, 
where  Mr.  Garraux  followed  his  trade 
as  a cabinet  maker,  and  Mrs.  Garraux 
attended  to  the  flower  and  fruit  garden. 
They  later  removed  to  Greenville,  where 
they  have  since  been  as  popular  as  their 
store  has  been  a favorite  resort  of  all 
who  like  choice  fruits,  delicate  flowers, 
fresh  confections,  fine  cigars,  etc.  Mrs. 
Garraux  also  supplies  nearly  the  whole 
town  with  mattresses  made  to  order,  and 
also  does  repairing. 

W.  E.  WRIGHT,  M.  D. 

The  above  well  known  and  rising  prac- 
titioner was  born  in  Cleveland,  N.  C., 


StaLe  of  South  Carolina. 


iii 


and  came  to  this  State  when  18  years 
old.  He  pursued  the  study  of  the  heal- 
ing art  at  Charleston  Medical  College, 
and  graduated  from  there  in  1880.  He 
has  since  conducted  a successful  and  lu- 
crative practice  in  Greenville  and  gained 
a wide  reputation  as  a skillful  practi- 
tioner, well  up  in  his  business.  The  doc- 
tor also  carries  on  a drug  business,  his 
store  being  located  on  Coffee  Street, 
where  he  can  be  generally  found  when 
off  duty.  He  employs  two  experienced 
clerks  in  the  business,  who  are  polite  to 
callers  and  fill  all  orders  for  prescrip- 
tions with  dispatch.  The  stock,  averag- 
ing some  $3,500  in  value,  embraces  a full 
line  of  domestic  and  imported  drugs  and 
chemicals,  procured  from  the  most  reli- 
able houses  and  manufacturers,  per- 
fumery aiid  toilet  articles  and  all  the 
latest  and  best  proprietary  medicines. 
The  store  is  an  attractive  one  and  par- 
ties will  find  it  advantageous  to  deal 
with  a house  where  goods  are  new  and 
sold  at  the  lowest  prices.  The  doctor, 
prominent  in  the  profession,  is  also  an 
influential  Mason,  Recovery  Lodge,  R. 
A.  and  Council,  and  generally  popular 
member  of  social  circles. 


GEO.  WESTMORELAND, 

Attorney. 

Among  the  members  of  the  Green- 
ville bar,  the  above  has  won  a consider- 
able prominence  based  solely  upon  his 
merits  and  not  by  reason  of  any  influ- 
ence he  may  have  possessed.  George 
Westmoreland,  son  of  the  ex-Senator 
from  this  county,  was  born  14  miles 
north  of  Greenville  city,  and  received 
his  literary  education  at  Furman  Uni- 
versity, having  prepared  himself  to  enter 
this  institution  by  studying  at  night, 
while  clerking,  by  which  he  saved  mon- 
ey enough  to  complete  the  course.  He 
read  law  in  the  office  of  Earle  & Wells, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1879,  by 
special  Act  of  the  Legislature,  as  he  had 
not  read  the  required  time.  He  then 
became  partner  of  his  preceptors,  under 
the  firm  name  of  Earle,  Wells  & West- 
moreland, and  18  months  later,  when 
Capt.  Earle  withdrew,  the  name  became 
Wells,  Orr  & Westmoreland.  He  then 
became  associated  with  Mr.  Wait,  as 
Wait  & Westmoreland  for  two  years, 


and  since  1st  January  last,  he  has  been 
alone.  Mr.  Westmoreland  has  had  most 
gratifying  success  in  the  practice  of  his 
profession,  and  though  a comparatively 
young  lawyer,  has  conducted  several 
large  cases  in  the  Supreme  Court.  The 
most  important  of  these  perhaps,  was 
that  of  Dickerson  as.  Smith  and  others,in 
which  he  was  associated  with  other  coun- 
sel. involving  an  eighth  interest  in  a 
$300,000  estate;  it  was  lost  in  the  Cir- 
cuit, but  won  on  appeal.  Mr.  West- 
moreland's practice  extends  over  upper 
South  Carolina,  and  his  business  steadi- 
ly increases.  He  makes  a specialty  of 
mercantile  law,  with  which  branch  he  is 
very  familiar,  is  attorney  for  the  County 
Commissioners,  and  for  the  City  Build- 
ing & Loan  Association.  He  has  been 
often  solicited  to  run  for  the  Legislature, 
but  prefers  attending  to  an  already  lu- 
crative practice.  He  is  a Master  Mason, 
Recovery  Lodge,  and  an  active  K.  of  H. 
He  is  also  one  of  the  leaders  in  the  Bap- 
tist denomination,  and  withal  a moving 
spirit  in  the  advancement  and  welfare 
of  the  community,  as  he  is  a valuable 
acquisition  to  it  as  a lawyer. 


M.  F.  ANSEL, 

Attorney  and  Counselor  at  Law. 

A distinguished  lawyer  of  the  Green- 
ville bar,  was  born  in  Charleston  on  the 
12th  December,  1850.  His  family  soon 
after  moved  to  Wallnalla,  where  he 
passed  his  boyhood,  and  at  the  age  of  16 
entered  a store  in  his  native  city.  He 
returned  to  Walhalla  and  continued  for 
two  years  in  the  mercantile  business,  and 
resolving  to  follow"  the  law  as  his  profes- 
sion he  commenced  in  1870  and  pursued 
the  study  in  the  office  of  J.  Id.  Whitner, 
at  Walhalla,  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  18th  November,  1871.  He  prac- 
ticed in  Franklin,  Macon  County,  N.  C., 
four  years,  until  January,  1876,  when  he 
came  to  Greenville  where  he  now  enjoys 
a growing  and  lucrative  practice.  He 
was  three  years  of  the  firm  of  Blythe  & 
Ansel,  and  from  1879  to  1881  partner 
with  Judge  Cothran,  of  Abbeville.  He 
is  now  in  partnership  with  J.  H.  New- 
ton. at  Pickens,  as  Ansel  & Newton,  and 
with  H.  A.  H.  Gibson,  at  Oconee,  as 
Ansel  & Gibson,  but  conducts  business 
alone  in  Greenville.  From  August,  1879, 


City  of  GreenVILLE, 


ii2 


until  1883,  lie  was  city  attorney  of 
Greenville.  He  has  had  many  im- 
portant cases  in  the  Supreme  Court 
since  he  successfully  pleaded  his  first 
case  there,  on  the  4th  June,  1873,  in 
North  Carolina,  while  he  was  admitted, 
on  motion,  to  the  Court  of  Appeals  of 
South  Carolina,  in  1879.  Among  a long 
list,  that  of  Killian  & Bros  a.  t.  s.  Bates, 
Reed  & Cooley,  involving  right  of  de- 
fendant to  have  an  attachment  set  aside 
for  invalidity  after  the  bond  had  been 
given  by  defendant,  demands  notice.  It 
established  the  law  in  this  matter  in  the 
State.  Mr.  Ansel  is  also  a prominent 
public  man.  In  1882  he  was  elected  to 
the  Legislature,  and  in  the  House  was 
the  leading  member  on  the  railroad 
committee,  and  had  most  to  do  with  its 
actions.  He  introduced  in  November, 
1882,  the  first  railroad  bill  providing  for 
a railroad  commission  of  three  members. 
He  was  likewise  on  the  committee  on 
incorporations  and  passed  the  only  con- 
stitutional amendment  carried  in  the 
Legislature  of  1882  and  1883;  it  allows 
no  county  to  incur  bonded  indebtedness 
greater  than  8 per  cent,  of  the  tax  value 
of  property,  and  is  an  important  law  in 
county  finance.  At  home  in  Greenville 
he  is  an  influential  member  of  the  Re- 
covery Lodge  of  Masons  A.  F.  M.,  R.  A., 
and  Cyrus  Chapter,  Past  Dictator  in  the 
K.  H.,  and  stands  as  high  in  profes- 
sional circles  as  he  is  popular  in  social 
life.  He  married  in  1878  Ophelia  A. 
Speights,  by  whom  he  has  two  children, 
a boy  and  girl.  When  he  again  becomes 
a candidate  for  re-election  this  fall,  we 
have  no  doubt  that  the  people  of  Green- 
ville will  not  be  slow  in  appreciating 
real  worth,  and  the  valuable  work  he  has 
already  done  and  is  doing  for  the  county 
of  his  adoption. 


SAM.  J.  DO  15 T HIT, 

Probate  Judge  and  Masteb. 

Among  the  men  whose  weight  and 
influence  add  greatly  to  the  standing  and 
importance  of  this  county,  we  note  the 
above,  who  has  been  long  and  favorably 
known  to  the  people  of  the  Piedmont 
country.  He  was  born  in  Greenville,  | 
31st  December,  1841,  his  ancestors,  who 
date  back  four  generations  in  this  State, 
coming  originally  from  Wales.  He  was 


raised  on  a farm,  and  at  the  age  of  10 
entered  a store,  and  at  the  outbreak  of 
the  civil  war,  he  at  once  joined  the  Sec- 
ond S.  C.  Regiment,  and  was  present  at 
First  Manassas,  served  gallantly  his 
country’s  cause  till  Malvern  Hill,  where 


he  was  severely  wounded.  He  lay  in  the 
hospital  seven  weeks,  and  afterwards  re- 
turned to  his  native  town,  being  appoint- 
ed Postmaster  in  1863,  remaining  as 
such  till  June,  1866,  when  he  was  elect- 
ed Ordinary,  and  held  that  till  recon- 
struction in  1868,  when  said  office  was 
abolished  and  Probate  Courts  established, 
and  he  was  elected  Probate  Judge.  That 
he  is  admirably  suited  to  the  position  is 
best  exemplified  in  the  fact,  that  he  has 
been  re-elected  every  succeeding  term, 
and  so  much  has  he  gained  the  favor  and 
confidence  of  the  communitv,  that  Gov. 
Simpson  appointed  him  likewise,  in  1878 
Master  in  Equity,  and  he  was  re-ap- 
pointed in  1882.  He  is  an  ancient  Odd 
Fellow,  K.  of  IL,  and  Treasurer  of  the 
Democratic  Club,  and  also  Steward  in 
the  M.  E.  Church,  and  its  Treasurer. 
He  married  on  14tli  February,  1867, 
Bettie  A.  Isbell,  of  Va.,  who  was  very 
kind  to  him  during  his  confinement  in 
the  hospital,  and  by  whom  lie  has  two 
boys  and  four  girls  living.  He  is  a man 
with  big  heart,  and  one  of  the  moving 
spirits  of  this  enterprising  and  well  gov- 
erned society.  The  Judge  was  the  last 
Ordinary,  the  first  Probate  Judge,  first 
Master  and  only  man  that  has  held  here 
two  county  offices  at  one  time. 


CAPT.  PERRY  D.  GILREATH, 

Sheriff. 

The  position  of  sheriff,  the  most  ardu- 
ous and  trying  of  county  offices,  is  at 
present  filled  in  Greenville  by  the  above 


State  or  South  Carolina.  113 


gentleman  who  has  been  long  and  favor- 
ably known  to  the  community.  He  was 
horn  on  the  9th  July,  1836,  about  four- 
teen miles  north  of  Greenville  city,  and 
like  many  of  the  strong  and  potent  men 
who  1'orm  the  backbone  of  our  county’s 
prosperity,  was  raised  on  a farm  and  in 
fact  continued  in  farming  life  till  he 
was,  in  -November,  1876,  called  to  till 
the  position  he  still  holds.  So  gratify- 
ing has  been  his  discharge  of  the  duties 
of  this  office  that  in  1880,  in  the  prim- 
ary, against  the  opposition  of  three 
opponents,  he  was  elected  by  a large 
majority,  and  in  the  general  defeated  the 
Radical's  by  2,700  votes,  and  this  year  he 
is  not  likely  to  have  any  opposition,  a 
fact  which  reflects  creditably  on  the 
appreciation  of  value  and  worth  by  an 
intelligent  constituency.  In  the  late 
war  he  did  gallant  service  for  the  true 
cause,  and  enlisted  in  November,  1861, 
in  the  16th  South  Carolina,  remaining  a 
year  in  Charleston;  he  later  went  into 
West  army,  and  was  elected  for  merito- 
rious service  to  be  captain  of  Company 
F.  He,  however,  resigned  this  post, 
sought  more  stirring  fields  of  fighting, 
joined  the  Hampton  Legion  at  Rich- 
mond and  was  with  it  till  Appomattox. 
Col.  Gilreath  is  a jovial  and  pleasant 
gentleman  to  meet,  and  a member  of  the 
Knights  of  Honor,  and  Knights  of  G. 
R.,  well  merits  the  high  esteem  and 
confidhnce  he  enjoys  of  a wide  circle  of 
friends  and  the  people  at  large. 


T.  B.  FERGUSON, 

General  Merchant,  Insurance 
Agent  and  Cotton  Buyer.  Main 
Street. 

With  the  great  increase  in  the  indus- 
trial activity  in  this  country  the  business 
of  fire  insurance  has  kept  pace  and  the 
companies  doing  business  in  this  section 
of  South  Carolina  are  among  the  largest 
in  the  world.  Greenville,  in  the  person 
of  Mr.  T.  B.  Ferguson,  is  fortunate  in 
possessing  a trustworthy  and  competent 
agent  who  has  been  engaged  over  fifteen 
years  in  this  line.  He  first  commenced 
with  the  Insurance  Company  of  North 
America,  and  took  up  in  order  the  Com- 
mercial Union  of  London,  the  Fire 
Association  of  Philadelphia,  the  Royal 
of  Liverpool,  the  London  and  Lanca- 


shire, the  City  of  London,  and  lastly  the 
Traveller's  Accidental  of  Hartford, 
Conn.,  with  total  assets  of  about 
$100,000,000.  Mr.  Ferguson  does  in 
this  line  a large  business  and  attends  to 
all  orders  promptly.  His  store,  centrally 
located  on  Main  Street,  is  40  by  75  feet 
in  extent,  two  stories  high,  and  is  filled 
with  a stock  of  some  $5,000.  It  includes 
a full  line  of  the  best  goods  embraced 
under  the  terms  dry  and  fancy  goods, 
groceries,  boots  and  shoes,  hats  and 
caps,  hardware,  etc.  Two  competent 
hands  are  employed  and  customers  will 
find  the  service  as  polite  as  the  goods  are 
excellent.  Mr.  Ferguson  is  also  largely 
engaged  in  buying  and  selling  cotton, 
chiefly  handling  for  the  account  of  the 
many  factories  in  the  vicinity. 

Mr.  Ferguson  is  a native  of  Union, 
and  in  the  late  war  did  service  for  the 
True  Cause,  as  a member  of  the  6th  S. 
C.  Cavalry,  for  four  years.  He  was,  for 
meritorious  conduct,  promoted  to  Major 
and  was  twice  wounded  at  Fayetteville. 
After  the  war  he  settled  in  Greenville, 
and  in  1867  and  1868  sat  in  the  State 
Legislature.  He  has  always  been  re- 
garded as  one  of  our  most  experienced 
and.fair  dealing  men  of  business  and  in- 
fluential citizen. 


E.  A.  McBEE. 

Attorney. 

Among  the  young  and  rising  lawyers 
of  this  county  we  note  the  above,  who 
has  for  several  years  carried  on  a grow- 
ing practice  in  Greenville.  Capt.  Mc- 
Bee  was  born  in  this  town,  and  received 
his  literary  education  at  Wofford  Col- 
lege, from  where  he  graduated  in  1876. 
He  then  took  a few  months  leisure  to 
consider  what  line  of  business  he  would 
follow  in  life.  He  commenced  reading 
law  in  1877  with  Hon.  31.  C.  Butler,  of 
Edgefield,  and  continued  at  Columbia 
Law  School,  Washington,  D.  C.,  and 
graduated  from  there  in  1880.  For 
some  time  he  was  clerk  to  the  Senate 
committee  on  civil  service  and  retrench- 
ments, and  in  January,  1882,  was  ad- 
mitted, on  motion,  to  the  bar  in  this 
State.  He  has  continued  practice 
with  more  success  than  young  attorneys 
usually  do,  but  he  well  merits  his 
advancement.  He  is  a member  of  the 


ii4 


0ITY  OF  &R£EKViLLE, 


City  Democratic  Club,  and  as  a popular 
military  man  has  been  Captain  of  the 
Butler  Guards,  Third  Regiment,  for  two 
years. 


HENRY  SCHLAPBACH. 

Butcher. 

A reliable  butcher  thoroughly  conver- 
sant with  all  branches  of  his  business  is 
an  acquisition  to  any  community,  and 
Greenville  may  be  congratulated  in  hav- 
ing such  in  the  person  of  Mr.  Henry 
Schlapbach,  who  established  himself 
here  in  1877.  In  his  present  location, 
beside  Gower  & Reilly’s  warehouse,  he 
has  been  one  year  and  possesses  all  the 
facilities  for  conducting  business  in  the 
best  manner.  The  store,  a nice  new 
brick  one,  is  neatly  kept  and  possesses 
besides  a large  ice  safe  with  a capacity 
for  three  beeves  and  half  a dozen  sheep, 
a sausage  machine,  the  only  one  of  that 
kind  in  town,  a mill  capable  of  cutting 
100  pounds  in  twenty-five  minutes,  and 
stuffing  apparatus  of  similar  large  capac- 
ity. His  stock  is  daily  replenished  with 
fresh  meats,  thus  ensuring  to  his  large 
number  of  customers  the  best  quality 
and  selection  of  supplies.  To  meet  the 
requirements  of  his  trade  which  is  the 
largest  in  Greenville,  his  patrons  being 
the  best  families  in  the  city,  he  keeps  a 
wagon  constantly  employed  in  delivery, 
and  those  visiting  the  store  after  sun- 
down will  find  it  lit  by  a large  gasoline 
lamp,  enabling  purchasers  to  select  and 
see  what  they  are  getting  just  as  well  as 
by  day.  Mr.  Schlapbach  is  *a  native  of 
Switzerland  and  emigrated  to  the  Cum- 
berland Mountains,  Tennessee,  with  a 
colony  of  others  of  his  countrymen  in 
1869.  He  came  to  this  State  in  1877, 
and  has  made  his  business  a most  valua- 
ble and  important  acquisition  to  that 
class  of  mercantile  houses,  without  which 
Greenville  would  find  it  difficult  to  get 
along. 


EXCHANGE  HOTEL. 

W.  R.  White. 

In  regard  to  hotels  this  city  is  fortunate 
in  possessing  the  above  mentioned  hos- 
telry, which  does  honor  to  the  city,  and 
is  one  that  commends  itself  to  the  trav- 
eling public  for  the  excellence  of  its  ta- 


ble, its  efficient  service  and  all  its  adap- 
tations and  conveniences  that  are  first 
class  in  every  respect  and  leave  nothing 
to  be  desired  by  the  most  exacting.  The 
establishment  was  built  and  opened  four 
years  ago,  by  Capt.  W.  Ii.  White,  who  is 
to  be  congratulated  on  the  success  he  has 
attained  and  the  large  and  steadily  grow- 
ing patronage  he  has  won  in  such  a short 
space  of  time.  The  building  is  a spacious 
3-story  brick  one,  located  on  the  corner 
of  Washington  and  Church  Streets,  con- 
venient to,  though  not  on  the  central 
thoroughfare.  Its  rooms  command  an 
uninterrupted  view  of  the  beautiful 
Piedmont  valley  and  beyond,  the  moun- 
tains of  the  Blue  Ridge,  behind  which 
the  setting  sun  nightly  finds  its  rest. 
There  are  37  rooms,  commodious  and 
airy,  admirably  adapted  to  the  require- 
ments of  the  Southern  climate,  and  pro- 
vided with  luxurious  beds  that  induce 
repose  and  refreshing  slumber.  Fifteen 
polite  bands  are  employed  and  for  the 
excellent  and  well  appointed  table,  re- 
plete with  all  the  delicacies  of  the  season, 
the  house  has  become  noted.  To  ladies 
visiting  the  city  this  hotel  affords  spe- 
cial inducements.  It  naturally  follows 
that  the  owner  of  the  hotel  must 
be  attentive  to  his  patrons.  This 
all  who  have  made  the  acquaintance  of 
the  genial  host  can  testify  to.  Capt. 
White  is  a native  of  Abbeville,  and  in  the 
late  war  served  as  Captain  of  Company 
I,  Fourteenth  S.  C.  Regiment;  he  was 
wounded  at  Gettysburg  and  captured  at 
Sutherland’s  Station,  after  the  fall  of 
Petersburg,  and  endured  four  months 
of  misery  on  the  starvation  rations  of 
Johnson’s  Island.  As  one  of  the  land- 
marks of  the  city  and  an  emblem  of  her 
enterprising  spirit,  advancement  and 
progress,  we  take  pleasure  in  commend- 
ing the  reliable  and  excellent  and  un- 
equalled Exchange  Hotel. 


J.  R.  BROWN, 

Druggist,  Corker  Main  axd  Coffee 
Streets. 

This  popular  drug  store  long  running 
under  the  name  of  Earle  & East,  has 
been  conducted  by  the  above  owner  since 
September,  18S2,  since  when  it  has  in- 
creased its  trade  and  takes  a prominent 
place  among  the  several  representatives 


State  of  South  Carolina. 


115 


of  its  line  in  the  city.  Well  located  on 
the  corner  of  Main  and  Coffee  Streets, 
the  store  is  largely  patronized,  and  ladies 
find  it  an  especially  nice  and  pleasant 
place  to  visit  and  on  a hot  day  to  par- 
take of  the  very  inviting  iced  soda  and 
mineral  beverages.  The  premises  32  by 
50  feet  in  extent,  are  filled  with  a stock 
averaging  some  $4,500  in  value.  This 
includes  pure  foreign  and  domestic 
drugs  and  chemicals,  the  best  known 
medicinal  preparations,  homcepathic  and 
standard  medicines,  perfumery,  toilet 
articles,  etc.,  in  fact,  everything  usually 
found  in  first-class  drug  stores.  To  the 
prescription  department  the  doctor  gives 
his  careful  attention.  Mr.  Brown,  who 
is  a native  of  Georgia,  and  came  to  this 
State  in  1882.  has  been  upwards  of  12 
years  m The  business,  and  is  naturally 
familiar  with  its  details,  both  in  theory 
and  practice.  He  was  eight  years  mem- 
ber of  the  firm  of  Doyle  & Brown,  in 
Tocoa,  Ga.,  and  since  coming  to  South 
Carolina  has  gained  a reputation  as  a 
reliable  druggist,  the  possessor  of  a well 
equipped  and  attractive  store.  He  is 
also  a Past  Dictator  in  the  Knights  of 
Honor  and  a member  of  the  Grand 
Lodge  of  Georgia.  Parties  cannot  do 
better  than  patronize  this  establishment, 
where  the  service  is  as  polite  as  the 
goods  are  reliable,  varied  and  excellent. 


THE  ENTERPRISE  AND 
MOUNTAINEER. 

John  C.  Bailey,  Editor. 

The  oldest  weekly,  the  second  oldest 
paper  in  the  State,  is  the  outcome  of  a 
consolidation, #which  took  place  in  1873, 
of  two  papers,  the  Mountaineer , estab- 
lished in  1824,  a journal  which  counts 
on  its  long  roll  of  editors  the  names  of 
such  eminent  men  as  Gov.  Perry  and 
Judge  Campbell,  and  the  Enterprise, 
founded  in  1854.  The  paper  is  a large 
4 page,  36  column  sheet,  28  by  44  inches, 
containing  a digest  of  the  week’s  news 
from  all  parts  of  the  world.  Its  collec- 
tion of  general  information  and  arrange- 
ment of  advertisements  makes  it  appa- 
rent that  the  management  is  careful  and 
experienced.  It  is  issued  every  Wednes- 
day morning,  and  has  a circulation  of 
some  1,700  copies,  as  large  as  any  other 
county  paper  in  the  State,  and  as  an 


advertising  medium  is  unsurpassed. 
The  premises,  located  up  stairs  in  the 
Cagle  block,  are  equipped  with  every 
convenience  for  doing  all  sorts  of  job 
printing,  including  a Fairhaven  Power, 
Eureka  and  Gordon  job  presses.  Mr. 
John  C.  Bailey,  the  editor  of  this  jour- 
nal, was  born  in  Edgefield,  moved  to 
Greenville  when  only  three  years  old, 
and  has  always  been  engaged  in  the 
newspaper  business.  He  became  con- 
nected with  the  Enterprise  when  it 
started  and  was  its  owner  from  1860  till 
he  bought  out  Mr.  G.  E.  Elford,  the 
proprietor  of  the  Mountaineer,  since 
when  he  has  conducted  the  consolida- 
tion with  a success  which  attends  a love 
for  one’s  avocation  and  hard  work.  He 
is  a Mason  and  Past-Worthy  Chief  of  the 
Good  Templars,  and  Deacon  in  the  Pres- 
byterian Church,  and  regarded  as  a 
moving  spirit  in  the  county. 


MILLSDALE  STOCK  FARM. 

South  Carolina  does  not  lack  men  who, 
perceiving  the  advantages  this  climate 
and  region  affords  for  stock  raising,  have 
spent  their  time  and  money  in  this  di- 
rection, and  in  consequence,  we  find 
within  her  realm,  several  Jersey  farms, 
which  vie  with  any  in  the  land.  Among 
these  we  note  the  above  farm  of  Capt. 
Mills,  one  of  Greenville’s  best  known 
citizens.  Millsdale’s  broad  fields  are  lo- 
cated in  this  county  two  miles  from 
Greenville  C.  H.,  are  partly  within  tne 
city  limits  and  cover  300  acres.  Though 
on  our  arrival  there  our  eye  would  rest 
upon  the  fields  of  yellow  oats  and  corn, 
and  drink  in  the  other  beauties  of  the 
scene,  we  knew  that  we  were  come  to  ex- 
amine stock  which  forms  the  principal 
development  of  the  institution,  the  farm- 
ing being  an  auxiliary.  First  we  come 
to  the  bull — every  well  kept  herd  must 
have  a first-class  bull,  and  this  the 
owner  is  fortunate  in  having  se- 
cured in  Orange  County  Boy.  He 
is  imported,  is  the  son  of 
Browny,  dame  Primrose  Girl.  Capt. 
Mills  bohght  him  in  Orange  County,  IST. 
Y.  He  is  five  years  old.  He  has  the 
full  Jersey  color,  his  skin  is  soft,  of  a 
deep  orange  hue,  and  his  general  appear- 
ance is  such  as  to  class  him  as  a first 
strain,  and  best  breed.  He  is  assisted  at 


116 


City  of  Greenville, 


times  by  a large  bull,  of  the  direct  sig- 
nal strain.  Two  young  bulls,  bis  sons, 
are  also  being  reared  on  the  farm,  to 
which  will  soon  be  added  an  imported 
bull,  from  one  of  the  most  famous  ped- 
igrees. With  this  new  equipment  and 
the  stock  of  registered  cows,  the  owner 
need  fear  no  diminution  in  the  demand 
for  the  animals  raised  on  his  farm.  Capt, 
Mills  is  of  opinion  that  large  cows  give 
the  finest  milk  and  most  butter.  He  now 
attains  regularly  from  several  of  his  nerd 
3^-  pounds  daily,  and  the  writer  can  say 
it  has  not  its  superior.  The  conveniences 
of  the  establishment  are  complete,  in- 
cluding cool  dairy  and  other  arrange- 
ments for  butter-making.  Visitors  to 
this  farm  will  be  no  less  pleased  with  it 
than  with  its  owner.  Capt.  Mills  is  tall 
and  broad  chested,  and  his  children  are 
the  picture  of  health,  no  doubt  owing  to 
the  quaffing  of  Jersey  milk.  He  is  a 
native  of  Henderson  county,  X.  C.,  and 
in  the  late  war,  as  Captain  of  Company 
G,  56th  Regiment  X.  C.  volunteers, 
served  four  years  in  Virginia  and  Xorth 
Carolina.  Since  then  he  has  resided  in 
Greenville  and  married  Miss  Corry 
Gower,  and  has  four  children.  He  is 
identified  with  this  county’s  welfare, 
and  we  need  hardly  tell  our  readers  he 
dotes  on  fine  Jerseys,  and  is  proud  of  his 
herd  and  his  success  as  a Jersey  farmer. 


BRIGGS,  MILLS  & CO., 

General  Merchandise,  Fertilizers, 
Machinery,  Etc.,  West  Green- 
ville. 

Among  the  various  firms  in  Green- 
ville, engaged  in  handling  general  mer- 
chandise that  of  Briggs,  Mills  & Co. 
must  be  noticed.  The  firm  was  formed 
on  1st  January, JL884,  by  a consolidation 
of  Mills  S McBayer,  who  had  existed  17 
years,  and  Briggs  & Hamblin,  a house  of 
eight  years  standing.  Under  the  new 
combination  the  house  has  taken  a new 
life  and  their  operations  have  rapidly 
increased . 

Their  premises,  located  on  the  corner 
of  Pendleton  and  Augusta  Streets,  West 
Greenville,  consist  of  a spacious  build- 
ing 50x60  feet,  divided  into  two  depart- 
ments of  dry  goods  and  groceries;  and  to 
this  are  added  sheds  for  storage  of  fer- 
tilizers, agricultural  machinery,  etc.  In 


the  dry  goods  store  is  kept  productions 
of  foreign  and  domestic  looms,  white, 
fancy  and  dress  goods,  clothing,  boots 
and  shoes,  etc.  The  grocery  stock  is 
similarly  complete.  The  total  merchan- 
dise runs  on  an  average  of  $7,000.  In 
fertilizers  they  handle  annually  over  300 
tons,  mostly  Zell’s  ammon.  phosphates, 
Ober  & Sons  Co.,  and  W.  B.  Seal’s 
guanos.  In  machinery  they  keep  on 
hand,  Harrisburg  Car  Co’s  Paxton  en- 
gine, Ames’  Iron  Works  farm  engine, 
Oswego,  X.  Y.,  champion  reapers  and 
mowers,  E.  Van  Winkel’s  feeder  and 
condenser  and  cotton  gin,  also,  his 
saw  mills,  S.  Y.  Hall’s  cotton  gin,  mill- 
rocks,  millstones,  Farquar’s  separator, 
etc.,  etc. 

They  employ  three  or  four  competent 
hands,  and  also  a wagon.  The  members 
of  this  firm,  Mr.  Henry  Briggs.  Capt. 
Otis  P.  Mills  and  George  R.  Briggs,  are 
well  known  in  Greenville.  The  first  was 
born  in  Pickens,  came  to  this  county 
eight  months  old,  is  a Council  Mason, 
Recovery  Lodge.  and-owns  a fann  of  105 
acres.  Capt.  Mills  is  engaged  in  stock 
raising  and  farming,  see  article  Mills- 
dale.  Mr.  George  R.  Briggs  is  a native 
of  Greenville,  and  also  carries  on  busi- 
ness as  a broker  and  represents 
Rodd  Bros.  & C'o.,  Chess,  Carley  & 
Co.,  W.  P.  Harvey  & Co.,  etc.,  in 
molasses,  corn,  oil.  lard,  cheese,  meats, 
hay,  salt,  flour.  In  immediate  home 
circles  this  establishment  is  too  well 
known  to  require  comment,  but  to  the 
people  of  the  surrounding  country  who 
have  not  as  yet  learned  of  it  we  commend 
it  as  liberal  and  enterprising  in  a marked 
degree. 


J.  T.  NIX, 

Attorney  at  Law  and  Real  Estate 
Agent. 

James  T.  Nix,  a prominent  lawyer  of 
Greenville,  was  born  at  Xixville,  Beau- 
fort County — now  Hampton — S.  C.  . and 
left  home  at  an  early  age,  he  first 
making  with  his  preceptor  a tour  in  the 
West,  connected  with  which  is  a little 
piece  of  romantic  adventure,  when  he 
came  near  being  drowned  in  a lake  on 
the  Kansas-Xebraska  River.  He  came 
back  to  Savannah  and  continued  study  a 
short  time  at  the  Chatham  Academy 


State  of  South  Carolina. 


117 


there,  and  in  1868  returned  home  to 
Beaufort  remaining  there  till  1872, 
when  he  entered  Capt.  Patrick’s  Military 
Academy  in  Greenville.  He  removed  to 
Walterboro’  in  1874  and  set  himself  dili- 
gently to  the  study  of  law,  being  ad- 
mitted at  the  circuit  there  in  1876, 
receiving  the  compliments  of  the  Judge. 
In  1875,  at  a contest  in  oratory,  held  at 
Colleton  Academy,  he  delivered  an  ora- 
tion — his  own  production  — on  the 
“Glory  of  this  Government  and  the 
miseries  of  Ireland,”  closed  with  a quota- 
tion from  Emmett,  which  carried  off 
the  palm.  On  the  24th  May,  1878,  in  a 
debate,  reported  in  the  Furman  Univer- 
sity journal,  “Why  this  country  should 
not  have  a limited  Monarchy,”  he  with 
his  colleague  carried  the  decision  of  the 
judges  in  the  negative.  On  the  23d  of 
January,  1877,  he  was  appointed  trial 
justice  by  Hampton.  In  September  of 
the  same  year  he  returned  to  Greenville, 
devoting  his  entire  attention  to  his  pro- 
fession. The  first  case  that  brought  him 
into  notice  was  the  State  vs.  Harrison. 
The  circumstances  were  the  following: 
Harrison,  a very  poo>-  man,  who  had 
shot  at  James  Langley,  a rich  man,  with 
a pistol,  was  charged  by  him  with  as- 
sault and  battery  with  intent  to  kill. 
Mr.  Nix  succeeded  in  having  him 
acquitted;  further  in  a new  case  of  Har- 
rison vs.  Langley,  he  had  the  unarmed 
prosecutor  convicted  and  made  him  pay 
heavy  damages,  for  this  the  very  same 
altercation.  In  this  case,  as  seldom 
occurs,  poverty  and  simplicity  prevailed 
over  wealth  and  power.  Since  that  time 
Mr.  Nix’s  office  has  been  crowded  with 
clients;  he  has  made  much  money  at  his 
profession.  Seven  years  ago  he  com- 
menced with  a debt  of  forty  dollars,  and 
is  now  one  of  the  wealthy  men  of  the 
county.  He  was  admitted  to  the  Su- 
preme Court  28th  December,  1880.  In 
criminal  law  Mr.  Nix  has  been  specially 
fortunate,  has  had  over  twenty  murder 
cases  of  consequence.  In  this  branch  he 
is  the  leading  lawyer  at  the  Greenville 
bar.  In  collection  business  he  has  been 
always  most  successful,  and  is  said  to  be 
able  to  get  money  whether  parties  have 
it  or  not.  From  December,  1882.  till 
November,  1883,  he  was  in  partnership 
with  A.  C.  Welborn  as  Nix  & Welborn. 
In  February,  1884,  he  formed  his  present 


partnership  of  Nix,  Robinson  & Nix. 
Being  of  a free,  independent,  and  self 
reliant  spirit,  and  gaining  for  a com- 
paratively young  lawyer  such  good  for- 
tune, due  to  his  own  efforts  and  energy, 
he  incurred  the  jealousy  of  other  mem- 
bers of  the  bar,  who  not  content  with 
getting  up  certain  calumnies  against 
him,  tried  to  ruin  him  by  bringing  for- 
ward in  the  court  of  April,  1883,  a series 
of  charges  which  had  they  had  any  bear- 
ing on  fact  might  have  had  serious  conse- 
quences. They  proved,  however,  wholly 
groundless  and  unwarrantable,  and  in- 
stead of  doing  their  intended  victim 
harm,  helped  to  raise  him  higher  in  the 
estimation  of  the  bar  and  to  gain  for 
him  the  further  confidence  of  the  people. 
Personally  Mr.  Nix  is  a pleasant  gentle- 
man to  meet,  of  correct  habits,  and  has 
few  equals  in  his  profession  at  the  bar. 


M.  K.  ROBERTSON, 

Postmaster. 

The  position  of  Postmaster  in  Green- 
ville is  at  present  ably  filled  by  Col.  M. 
K.  Robertson.  He  was  born  in  this 
county  and  raised  on  a farm,  being  en- 
gaged in  agricultural  pursuits  till  20 
years  old.  In  the  late  war  he  did  ser- 
vice for  the  Southern  Cause  as  a member 
of  the  16th  South  Carolina,  being  pre- 
sent at  most  of  the  leading  fights  and  at 
the  final  surrender  at  Greensboro’.  He 
was  later  three  years  clerk  in  the  county 
treasurer’s  office,  and  in  1871,  was  ap- 
pointed Postmaster  by  Grant.  From 
1875  till  1877  he  was  County  Auditor, 
and  then  for  six  years  he  returned  to 
farming.  In  March,  1883,  he  was  re- 
appointed Postmaster  by  President 
Arthur,  and  has  given  satisfaction  to  the 
government,  besides  which  he  has  dis- 
charged the  onerous  duties  of  the  situa- 
tion so  carefully  as  to  have  drawn  forth 
favorable  comments,  from  time  to  time, 
from  the  towns-people.  He  is  an  Odd 
Fellow  and  Royal  Arch  Mason,  takes  an 
interest  in  all  matters  that  tend  to  the 
advancement  of  the  public  good. 


GEORGE  BLACK, 

Saloon,  West  Greenville. 

This  business  is  one  of  the  most  im- 
portant in  its  line  in  this  county,  and  is 


118 


City  of  Greenville, 


the  leading  one  in  West  Greenville.  It 
was  opened  in  the  fall  of  1880  by  its 
present  owner,  who  has  deservedly  met 
with  unexampled  success,  and  has  gained 
a name  for  furnishing  as  reliable  and 
excellent  material  as  is  sold.  The  saloon 
is  20x00  feet  in  extent,  is  neatly  and 
cleanly  kept  and  holds  out  to  callers 
quite  an  invitation.  The  bar  contains 
a stock  of  some  $2,500  worth  of  the  finest 
•French  brandies,  imported  and  domestic 
wines,  most  popular  brands  of  Irish  and 
Kentucky  whiskies,  best  English  ales 
and  Philadelphia  lager,  soda  and  mineral 
water  ad  libitum,  etc.,  etc.  A first-class 
Brunswick  & Balke  combination  table 
completes  the  establishment.  Two 
hands  are  employed  who  are  attentive 
to  customers  and  experts  at  putting  up 
cocktails,  egg-nog  and  all  the  fashiona- 
ble mixed  drinks.  Mr.  Geo.  Black,  the 
popular  owner  of  this  establishment  is  a 
native  of  Roscommon,  Ireland,  and 
came  to  the  United  States  in  August, 
1867,  and  South  in  1873.  He  is  an  in- 
fluential Odd  Fellow  and  Chief  Patriarch 
of  the  order.  In  common  with  the 
swarthy  sons  of  the  Green  Isle,  he  is 
genial  and  pleasant,  a good  hand  at  en- 
gaging his  customers  interest,  and  is  in 
every  way  suited  to  his  position  as  an 
entertaining  and  agreeable  host. 


A.  B.  WRIGHT  & SOM, 

Grocers,  Coffee  Street,  near  Main. 

This  firm  was  established  in  1874  as 
Wright  & Hart,  succeeded  in  ’80  by  the 
present  firm.  The  trade  ramifies  all 
through  this  and  into  the  counties  of 
Laurens,  Union,  Spartanburg,  Pickens 
and  Anderson,  where  the  goods  have 
gained  a standard  reputation.  The  store 
located  on  Coffee  Street  is  spacious  and 
well  arranged  for  carrying  on  business. 
Here  will  be  found  a full  line  of  staple 
and  fancy  groceries,  including  choice 
teas  and  fragrant  coffees,  best  grades  of 
N.  O.  sugar  and  molasses,  all  varieties 
of  canned  meats,  fish  and  fruits,  table 
delicacies  and  country  produce  fresh 
from  the  farmer,  for  which  Mi'.  Wright 
pays  highest  market  prices.  The  stock 
averages  $2,000  to  $3,000  in  value,  and 
a wagon  is  constantly  employed  deliver- 
ing to  the  many  patrons.  Mr.  A.  B. 
Wright  was  born  in  Cleveland  County, 


N.  C.,  and  came  to  this  State  in  1874. 
He  is  counted  a solid  and  fair-dealing 
merchant.  He  is  now  in  his  second  term 
as  alderman  and  has  given  greatest  satis- 
faction to  the  constituency.  • He  is  a R. 
Arch  and  CouncilMason, Recovery  Lodge, 
Dictator  in  the  Knights  of  Honor,  and 
Assistant  Dictator  in  Knights  of  G.  It., 
and  is  delegate  this  year  to  the  Grand 
Chapter.  He  is  a valuable  man  to  the 
city  as  his  business  is  a credit  to  his 
ability.  His  son  and  partner,  Mr.  G. 
Y.,  was  born  in  Cleveland  County,  is  at 
present  studying  medicine. 


W.  A.  WILLIAMS, 

Lawyer. 

Among  those  men  who  may  be  con- 
sidered important  to  the  welfare  and 
promotive  of  the  advancement  of  this 
county,  the  above  calls  for  mention. 
Mr.  Williams  was  born  in  Abbeville, 
South  Carolina,  December  14th,  1857, 
and  removed  to  Greenville  in  1868. 

He  read  law  in  the  office  of 
Simpson  (now  Chief  Justice  of  this 
State)  and  Moore,  of  this  city.  He 
then  took  a course  in  law  at  the  Colum- 
bian University,  Washington,  D.  C. 
He  was  admitted  to  practice  in  January, 
1880.  and  has  been  activ  e in  the  pursuit 
of  his  profession.  He  is  attentive  and 
painstaking  with  his  clients  and  now  en- 
joys a substantial  and  steadily  growing 
practice.  He  is  now  in  copartnership 
with  the  Hon.  R.  A.  Child. 

Mr.  Williams  took  an  active  part  in 
the  redemption  of  the  State  in  1876,  and 
is  highly  popular  in  political  circles  as 
well  as  professionally. 

He  has  an  aptitude  to  make  and  attach 
friends,  enjoys  the  respect  of  an  increas- 
ing circle  of  admirers,  and  is  a man  who 
will  promote  the  best  interests  of  his 
county.  In  January,  1882,  lie  married 
Miss  Willie  C.  Hudson,  of  Marlborough, 
S.  C.,  daughter  of  Judge  J.  H.  Hudson. 

J.  N.  POOLE, 

Dealer  in  Wines,  Liquors,  Cigars, 
Etc.,  Hahn's  Block.  Main  St. 

This  is  one  of  the  finest  and  best 
saloons  in  the  city  and  enjoys  a popular- 
ity and  patronage  equalled  by  few  other 
establishments  in  its  line.  The  business 


§taTe  of  South  CaroluSt!. 


ii§ 


was  started  in  1878  by  its  present  owner, 
who  has  attained  remarkable  success,  has 
gained  a high  reputation  for  his  supplies 
all  over  the  State,  and  numbers  among 
his  patrons  many  of  the  best  known  and 
prominent  families  of  the  country.  The 
premises,  located  in  tlm  busiest  portion 
of  the  city  are  18x65  feet  in  extent,  and 
are  among  the  nicest  in  town.  The  bar 
well  ornamented  with  an  alluring  dis- 
play of  the  latest  and  most  novel  attach- 
ments of  a well  kept  saloon  contains  a 
stock  of  some  82,000  worth  of  the  finest 
French  brandies,  imported  and  domestic 
wines,  best  brand  Irish  and  Kentucky 
whiskies,  fresh  foreign  and  American 
beer  and  ales,  a full  line  of  soda  and 
mineral  waters,  leading  Havana  and 
home  made  cigars  and  tobacco,  etc.  A 
specialty  is  made  of  Mountain  Sweet 
Mash  Corn  Whisky,  sold  at  two  dollars 
per  gallon  which  has  not  its  superior. 
In  the  rear  is  a billiard  room  with  two 
fine  tables,  competent  hands  are  em- 
ployed and  the  bar  keeper  puts  up  all 
kinds  of  mixed  drinks  in  tempting  and 
fashionable  style.  Mr.  J.  K.  Poole,  the 
popular  owner  of  this  well  known  estab- 
lishment is  a native  of  Greenville,  one  of 
our  successful  business  men.  He  is  an 
Odd  Fellow  of  the  Golden  Pule  En- 
campment, in  which  order  he  has  taken 
all  the  degrees.  He-is  the  father  of  two 
children  and  well  suited  as  the  entertain- 
ing host  of  a prosperous  and  flourishing 
saloon. 


J.  C.  FITZGERALD, 

Photographer,  Over  Walter’s  Drug 
Store. 

Among  those  who  have,  by  close  atten- 
tion to  the  various  new  and  novel  pro- 
cesses continually  being  introduced, 
kept  themselves  abreast  and  sometimes 
ahead  of  the  latest  styles  and  fashions  in 
photography  we  note  the  above  crafts- 
man, whose  establishment  represents  in 
Greenville  the  art,  which  defying  time, 
preserves  the  present.  Mr.  Fitzgerald's, 
gallery,  located  over  Walter’s  Drug- 
Store,  is  fitted  with  the  latest  and  most 
modern  improvements,  in  the  way  of 
instruments,  including  two  lenses,  un- 
failing in  their  action,  plates  from  the 
best  makers,  etc.  The  premises  are 
neatly  furnished,  making  the  gallery 


quite  a pleasant  one,  and  the  whole  is 
fitted  up  with  the  view  of  carrying  on 
business  with  expedition.  His  pictures, 
in  the  various  show  cases  and  adorning 
the  walls  of  the  establishment  at  once 
make  it  evident  that  the  proprietor  is 
not  only  an  expert  in  his  business  but 
has  devoted  much  time  and  attention  to 


the  posing  of  subjects  and  arrangement 
of  groups.  He  is  assisted  by  a compe- 
tent lady  retoucheure.  He  established 
the  institution  in  January,  1882,  and 
although  he  found  a good  light  already 
here,  he  has  improved  it  so  as  to  give 
full  advantage  to  the  camera,  in  the 
cloudiest  and  sunniest  days  alike.  Mr. 
Fitzgerald  is  a native  of  Peterboro’, 
Canada,  and  was  over  six  years  in  Roch- 
ester, K.  Y.  He  came  to  this  State  and 
carried  on  business  three  years  in  Colum- 
bia, as  Hicks  & Fitzgerald,  and  since 
coming  to  Greenville  has  gradually 
worked  himself  into  an  extensive  busi- 
ness. He  also  has  a rare  collection  of 
coins  and  deals  in  all  sorts  of  curiosities. 


A.  CLARK, 

Marble  and  Granite  Monumental 
Works,  Main  Street. 

The  perfection  now  attained  in  marble 
and  granite  work  may  plainly  be  seen  at 
the  establishment  of  the  above  gentle- 
man, whose  works  are  located  as  above 
indicated.  The  premises  occupy  a large 
lot  18x200  feet  in  extent;  a complete 
supply  of  Italian  and  American  marble, 
foreign  and  domestic  granite  is  kept  and 
several  expert  hands  are  employed  fash- 


iio  City  of  OreentillE, 


ioning  the  rough  stone  after  beautiful 
designs  and  filling  the  orders  which  pour 
in  from  all  quarters  of  the  Southern 
States.  Mr.  Clark  keeps  an  experienced 
representative  constantly  traveling  South 
Carolina,  Georgia,  Florida,  and  Alaba- 
ma; he  receives  a great  deal  of  patron- 
age from  Georgia.  His  products  em- 
brace monumental  and  cemetery  work  of 
all  kinds,  curbing  and  posts,  marble  and 
slate  mantels,  grates  and  summer  fronts, 
etc.,  and  his  work  for  taste,  finish,  beau- 
ty of  design  and  cheapness,  is  not  sur- 
passed by  any  south  of  the  Potomac.  Mr. 
Clark  was  himself  born  in  Albany,  A. 
Y.,  is  a practical  marble  worker  and 
stone  cutter,  and  lias  had  an  extended 
experience  in  18  States  in  the  Union, 
and  been  all  his  life  in  this  line.  In 
Greenville  he  has  been  12  years.  He  be- 
longs to  the  Masonic  Order. 


THOMAS  STEEN, 

Commission  Merchant,  Real  Estate, 
Agricultural  Machinery,  Etc., 
Greenville  Music  House. 

The  above  gentleman  is  a native  of  Man- 
chester, Eng.,  and  came  to  the  United 
States  in  1842.  He  remained  in  New 
York  three  years,  and  then  came  south 
to  Charleston,  where  for  eight  years,  he 
ran  the  Merchant’s  Hotel  there.  In  1853, 
he  came  to  Greenville  and  conducted  the 
Planter’s  Hotel  three  years,  and  then  the 
Glenn  Springs  Hotel,  lie  was  the  first 
man  to  start  the  grocery  business  in  this 
city.  He  commenced  in  1858,  and  sold 
out  in  1872.  He  has  since  been  engaged 


in  his  present  line  and  now  conducts 
business,  as  a commission  merchant,  real 
estate  broker,  and  dealer  in  agricultural 
implements  and  machinery.  He  is  agent 
for  Geiser’s  celebrated  thresher,  Peerless 
farm  and  domestic  engines,  saw  mills, 
grain  separators,  etc.,  for  Hall’s  Self- 
Feeding  Cotton  Gin  Co., of  Sing  Sing.  X. 
Y.,  for  Hall’s  fire-proof  safes,  Cincin- 


nati, 0.,  for  Lane  & Bodeley.Cin.,  Onei- 
da steam  engine,  Richmond  Leader  Plow 
Co.,  Hurst  & Bradley,  Chicago.  Mr. 
Steen  being  a man  of  great  experience, 
handles  all  sorts  of  produce  on  small 
margins,  and  has  always  on  his  books  a 
goodly  list  of  large  and  small  lots  of  real 
estate  at  all  prices.  Mr.  Steen  has  taken 
an  active  part  in  politics  and  was  at  va- 
rious times  warden.  He  is  likewise  a 
Mason  and  Past  High  Priest,  and  also 
Past  Grand  Master  of  the  State  in  the 
Odd  Fellows.  He  is  also  proprietor  of 
the  Greenville  Music  House,  located 
next  the  Postoffice,  where  a stock  of 
pianos,  organs,  musical  instruments  and 
sheet  music  is  kept. 


ABBEVILLE,  S.  C 


EAELY  SETTLEMENT. 

The  first  important  settlement  of  the  Abbeville  district  occurred  as  early  as 
the  year  1756  when  Patrick  Calhoun  with  four  families  of  his  friends  settled  at 
Long  Cane  Creek.  On  his  arrival  there  were  only  two  families  of  white  settlers, 
one  named  Gowdy  and  the  other  Edwards,  in  that  northwestern  extremity  of  the 
Province.  In  1764,  Abbeville  received  a considerable  accession  of  settlers  by  the 
arrival  of  211  emigrants  from  France,  under  the  guidance  of  Bev.  Mr.  Gibert,  a 
very  popular  preacher.  Soon  after  the  peace  of  Paris  he  prevailed  on  a number  of 
persecuted  Protestant  families  to  seek  an  asylum  in  South  Carolina.  They  arrived 
in  Charleston  in  April,  and  in  the  month  of  October  left  it  for  the  land  laid  out  for 
them,  on  both  sides  of  Long  Cane  Creek,  a part  of  which  they  named  New  Bor- 
deaux, and  part  New  Eochelle,  after  the  capitals  of  the  provinces  from  which  most 
of  them  had  emigrated.  They  were  distinguished  for  their  industry  and  good 
morals. 

The  climate  agreed  so  well  with  them  that  they  generally  enjoyed  good  health, 
and  several  of  them  survived  their  eightieth  year.  The  manufacture  of  silk  was 
carried  on  by  these  settlers  to  some  extent,  and  for  a long  time,  in  a domestic  way, 
it  was  continued  among  their  descendants.  The  nephew  of  the  original  projector 
of  this  settlement  was  a representative  of  the  Abbeville  district  in  the  State  legisla- 
ture in  the  year  1808. 

The  name  Abbeville  is  derived  from  a manufacturing  town  in  France  of  that 
name,  in  the  department  of  the  Somme,  situated  on  the  river  Somme,  twelve  miles 
from  its  mouth  in  the  English  Channel  and  25  miles  northwest  of  Amiens. 

EE  VOLUTION AEY  IilSTOEY. 

The  county  was  the  scene  of  many  skirmishes  in  the  revolutionary  war,  both 
with  the  Indians  and  the  Tories.  Ninety-Six,  so  called  from  its  being  ninety-six 
miles  from  Fort  Prince  George,  then  the  frontier  fort,  was  at  the  end  of  last  cen- 
tury a place  of  considerable  importance;  it  also  bore  the  name  of  Cambridge,  and 
is  now  a thriving  village  on  the  C.  & G.  Eailroad.  It  was  noted  during  the  revo- 
lution for  being  for  a length  of  time  the  seat  of  war  and  consequently  suffered  much 
injury.  The  revolutionary  Cambridge  is  located  about  half  a mile  from  the  jmesent 
lines  ; war  and  time  have,  however,  devoured  it. 

- The  siege  of  Ninety-Six  is  thus  described  : After  the  fighting  at  Camden,  Gen. 
Green  proceeded  with  the  main  army  to  Ninety-Six,  which  being  a stronghold  of 
great  consequence  was  defended  by  a considerable  British  force.  On  the  23d  May, 
1781.  they  encamped  in  a wood  within  half  a mile  of  the  fort  and  began  their  op- 
erations. The  approaches  were  gradually  carried  on  against  the  enemy’s  redoubts 
under  the  direction  of  Kosciusko.  By  his  assiduity,  though  the  ground  was  hard 
and  the  situation  unfavorable,  a third  parallel  within  thirty  yards  of  the  ditch  was 
completed  on  the  14th  June,  and  a rifle  battery,  upwards  of  thirty  feet  high,  was 
erected  at  the  same  distance.  On  the  17th  the  abatis  was  turned,  and  two  trenches 
and  a mine  extended  to  within  six  feet  of  the  ditch.  Few  sieges  afford  greater  in- 
stances of  perseverance  or  intrepidity,  than  were  exhibited  on  this  occasion,  by 
besiegers  and  besieged.  Biflemen  were  employed  on  both  sides,  who  immediately 


i22 


Town  of  Abbeville, 


levelled  at  every  person  who  appeared  in  sight,  and  very  seldom,  missed  their  object. 
Various  successes  attended  the  conflicts  between  the  several  covering  parties  of  the 
workmen,  and  those  who  repeatedly  sallied  from  the  garrison. 

The  home  army  advanced  their  approaches  very  near  that  critical  point,  which 
makes  further  resistance  on  the  part  of  a garrison  appear  like  temerity.  At  this 
interesting  moment  intelligence  was  received  that  Lord  Rawdon  was  near  at  hand 
with  reinforcements  of  2,000  men.  The  vicinity  of  the  enemy  made  it  necessary 
either  to  raise  the  seige  or  attempt  the  reduction  of  the  place  by  a cotip-de-main. 
The  last  was  agreed  upon;  and  on  the  18th  June  a vigorous  assault  was  made  with 
a flattering  prospect  of  success.  But  the  rapid  approach  of  Rawdon  induced  Gen. 
Green  to  raise  the  seige  and  retreat  over  the  Saluda  River,  after  having  lost  about 
150  men. 

By  the  division  of  the  British  army  soon  after,  Green  was  enabled  to  engage  that 
in  possession  of  the  upper  section  of  the  State,  and  the  whole  army  was  finally  with- 
drawn to  Orangeburg  where  Green  followed  them,  engaging  them  in  further  action. 

A gentleman  who  visited  the  ground  some  years  after  the  Revolution  savs: 
“The  shaft  of  the  American  mine  was  choked  up.  I had  the  clay  dug  away  and 
went  down  with  lighted  torches  and  compass  to  trace  its  course. 

“First  it  ran  south  20,  east  eight  yards,  then  divided,  the  right  south  45  west, 
and  south  30  east;  then  south  50  east;  in  all  34  yards.  This  branch  I traced  above 
ground  and  found  that  it  just  reached  the  ditch  of  the  redoubt.  The  left  hand 
branch  ran  south  34,  east  19  yards,  in  all  27  yards.  I think  it  evident  the  Ameri- 
cans worked  without  a compass  in  their  mine  and  thereby  lost  much  time;  both 
mines  were  entire,  retaining  all  the  marks  of  the  hoe,  but  for  some  distance  near 
the  redoubt  were  half  leg  deep  in  water.  The  Americans  would  have  soon  blown 
up  the  redoubt  had  not  the  enemy  been  reinforced.  When  the  English  made  their 
attack  the  miners  were  at  work  and  some  were  killed.  The  principal  British  spring 
was  exposed,  but  the  Americans  allowed  women  to  come  for  water.  It  was  found 
that  the  British  soldiers  availed  themselves  of  this  privilege;  after  which  the  Amer- 
icans found  it  necessary  to  fire  at  such  as  wore  the  female  dress.  The  celebrated 
Kosciusko,  the  Polish  patriot,  was  the  engineer  of  the  American  works." 

Soon  after  the  evacuation  of  Ninety-Six  by  the  British,  the  place  and  the 
country  around  suffered  considerably  in  consequence  of  the  inroads  of  Cherokee 
Indians,  who  broke  through  their  engagements  of  neutrality.  Gen.  Pickens  collect- 
ed a party  of  militia  and  penetrated  into  the  settlement  of  the  Cherokees.  At  the 
head  of  394  horsemen  he  accomplished  in  fourteen  days  the  burning  of  thirteen 
towns  and  villages,  killed  upwards  of  forty  Indians,  and  took  many  prisoners,  not 
one  of  his  party  being  killed  and  only  two  wounded. 

The  exposed  condition  of  this  part  of  the  country  during  the  revolutionarv  war 
subjected  it  to  considerable  loss;  within  the  old  boundaries  of  Ninety-Six  district  it 
has  been  computed  by  well  informed  persons  that  it  contained  within  its  limits 
1,400  widows  and  orphans,  made  so  by  the  war. 

Patrick  Calhoun  (the  father  of  the  great  Nullifier)  may  be  considered  the  pa- 
triarch of  the  upper  country  of  South  Carolina,  and  was  highly  distinguished  in 
those  critical  and  troublesome  times  when  the  first  settlement  had  to  be  made.  The 
Calhouns  are  supposed  to  be  originally  from  Scotland,  from  where  being  staunch 
Calvinists  they  emigrated  during  the  time  of  the  religious  persecution  of  that  sect 
by  the  Anglican  Church.  From  Donegal,  Ireland,  where  no  record  of  the  family 
can  be  obtained  prior  to  the  end  of  the  17th  century,  James  Calhoun  is  said  to  have 
emigrated  in  1733,  settling  first  in  Pennsylvania,  then  in  Virginia,  and  after  Brad- 
dock's  defeat  the  family  moved  to  the  mountainous  regions  of  South  Carolina. 

In  1770  Patrick  Calhoun  married  Martha  Caldwell,  of  Virginia,  but  a daughter 
of  an  Irish  Presbyterian  clergyman.  Patrick  Calhoun  was  the  first  representative 
from  his  section  of  the  State  and  continued  in  this  place  30  years.  He  suffered 
severe  losses  from  the  Indians,  and  was  compelled  in  1759  to  abandon  his  settlement 
on  Long  Cane  Creek  and  remove  his  family  for  a time  into  the  Waxhaw  settlements, 
Lancaster  district,  to  avoid  total  destruction.  The  Cherokee  Indians  during 


State  of  South  Carolina. 


123 


that  period  had  commenced  dreadful  war  on  the  frontier,  which  was  not  finally  ter- 
minated until  the  treaty  with  France  and  Spain  in  1763. 

Jno.  Ewing  Calhoun,  (a  nephew  of  Patrick)  was  the  first  person  educated  in  the 
native  woods  of  Carolina — he  graduated  from  Princeton  College.  He  was  an  emi- 
nent lawyer  and  died  a Senator  in  Congress. 

Judge  Ramsay  was  an  able  civilian;  his  remains  lie  in  the  village  of  Cambridge. 

General  Andrew  Pickens’  name  stands  conspicuous  in  the  annals  of  the  Revo- 
lutionary war,  and  his  descendants  have  been  little  less  distinguished  in  the  history 
of  our  State  and  country. 

Gen.  Robert  Anderson  was  another  famous  patriot  and  soldier  of  the  Revolution. 

General  Williamson  early  in  the  revolution  rendered  eminent  service  to  his 
country  and  belonged  to  this  district.  Also  that  zealous  and  brave  officer.  Col. 
Williams,  who  fell  at  the  battle  of  King’s  Mountain;  indeed  a very  long  list  of  rev- 
lutionary  worthies  came  from  this  district.  Among  them  may  be  mentioned  Major 
Bowie,  who  at  the  breaking  out  of  the  war  was  the  oldest  captain  in  the  service 
from  this  district;  Lieut. -Col.  Mayson,  of  Ninety-Six  fame;  Langdon  Cheves, whose 
public  services  will  never  be  forgotten,  was  a native  of  this  district;  also  George 
McDuffie  the  statesman  and  orator. 

CIVIL  WAR. 

Abbeville  played  a still  more  important  part  in  the  late  civil  war.  If  South 
Carolina  can  be  called  the  “Secession  State,”  she  is  the  Secession  county.  John 
Caldwell  Calhoun,  the  “father”  of  Secession,  the  noble  son  of  a widowed'  mother, 
(his  father  died  when  he  was  a boy,)  the  distinguished  student,  the  brilliant  young 
legislator,  a born  leader  of  men,  a man  the  virtue  of  whose  home  life  defies  the 
censure  of  the  world — a notable  contrast  to  that  of  his  Presidential  adversary — the 
Senator,  the  Secretary,  Vice-President,  the  statesman  whose  ability  forced  the  most 
Democratic  and  most  progressive  commonwealth  in  the  universe  to  bend  its  knee 
and  do  homage  to  the  idol  of  that  “peculiar  institution,”  the  keenest  political 
logician  the  TTnited  States  has  seen,  was  from  this  county.  He  was  prepared  for 
college  by  his  brother-in-law,  the  Dr.  Waddell  hereafter  spoken  of.  He  married 
his  cousin  Floride  Calhoun,  whose  brother  James  Edward,  over  80  years  of  age  is 
still  the  princely  representative  of  the  family,  in  the  home  of  their  fathers  and  lord 
of  thousands  of  acres  and  miles  of  large  rivers,  with  millions  of  dollars  worth  of 
waterpower.  He  is  a bachelor,  and  is  another  remarkable  instance  of  longevity  in 
this  county;  he  strides  his  horse  like  a youth  of  20  summers;  his  cousin  J.  C.,  died 
without  children.  The  family  is,  however,  propagated  by  his  brother’s  projeny,  one 
of  whom  is  a prominent  lawyer  at  the  Abbeville  bar.  The  Secession  spirit,  we  say, 
was  nurtured  here;  her  sons  were  South  Carolinian  to  the  back-bone,  many  of  them 
signed  the  deed  of  Secession.  The  first  organized  meeting  in  that  cause  was  held 
on  a small  rising  ground,  to  the  south  of  the  Courthouse.  The  last  meeting  of  Jeff 
Davis’  ministers  was  held  in  Armsted  Burts’  house,  in  the  town  of  Abbeville.  Here 
the  Confederate  Cabinet  was  dismissed,  the  President  with  a small  body  of  horse 
crossing  the  Savannah  River  into  Georgia,  where  he  was  soon  after  captured  by  the 
Union  soldiers.  The  county’s  record  in  the  civil  war  is  well  known.  She  sent 
every  son  of  her’s  that  could  and  many  that  were  not  able  to  bear  arms. 

The  only  Indian  name  retained  is  that  of  Salutah  or  Saluda  River.  There  did 
not  exist  much  friendship  between  the  early  settlers  and  the  Aborigines,  as  did  in 
the  low  country,  where  we  find  a great  number  of  Indian  names  retained. 

EDUCATION. 

That  attention  to  education  which  was  coeval  with  the  existence  of  the  settle- 
ment, has  ever  been  prominently  sustained  in  the  county,  and  without  invidious 
comparisons  this  is  perhaps  the  most  cultured  community  in  the  State.  The  Pres- 
byterian emigrants  were  remarkable  for  their  care  in  this  respect.  Schools  were 
instituted  immediately  on  the  location  of  families  being  made.  John  Ewing  Cal- 


124 


Town  of  Abbeville, 


houn  received  the  rudiments  of  his  education  at  one  of  these  schools.  This  county 
may  be  regarded  as  the  original  seat  of  learning  in  the  up-country,  and  from  it 
emanated  that  light  and  intelligence  which  manifested  themselves  previous  and  du- 
ring the  revolution  and  civil  war,  and  its  voice  thundered  for  the  protection  of  citizens 
of  the  United  States  naturalized  or  American-born,  when  abroad,  which  was  one  of  the 
causes  of  the  war  of  1812.  A writer  in  the  beginning  of  the  century  says  about 
Abbeville:  “The  important  subject  of  education  is  much  attended  to  in  the  district, 
besides  several  respectable  academies  there  are  a number  of  frec-schools,  supported 
by  the  liberality  of  the  State,  at  an  expense  of  §1,800  annually  where  from  250  to 
430  poor  children  are  educated.”  Dr.  Waddell’s  school  at  Willington  was  consid- 
ered the  best  classical  school  in  the  State  outside  of  Charleston.  Dr.  Smith,  the 
President  of  Princeton  College,  N.  J.,  used  to  say  that  he  received  no  scholars  from 
any  section  of  the  United  States  who  stood  a better  examination  than  Dr.  Waddell’s 
pupils.  This  gentleman  afterwards  became  President  of  Athens  College,  Ga.,  and 
his  son  succeeded  him  at  Willington.  The  doctor  was  a Presbyterian  minister  and 
had  the  peculiar  fashion  of  giving  his  hearers  a three  hours  sermon.  In  summer  he 
would  give  them  an  hour  between  times  for  refreshment,  but  in  winter  he  made 
them  sit  it  out  three  long  hours.  He  seemed  to  be  singularly  impressed  with  the 
idea  of  three  hours  being  the  necessary  time  for  discourse;  if  before  time  was  up  he 
had  exhausted  the  subject,  he  would  console  his  audience  with  the  fact  that  he’d 
make  it  up  at  next  meeting;  if  the  subject  under  discussion  were  not  finished  on 
time,  he’d  go  on  anyhow,  promising  them  to  allow  for  it  next  time.  He  was,  how- 
ever a splendid  classical  scholar,  and  knew,  moreover,  how  to  impart  his  knowledge 
and  make  lessons  interesting.  Abbeville  from  that  time,  has  never  lost  her  repu- 
tation for  learning.  Cokesbury  has  educated  governors,  senators,  judges  and 
soldiers,  and  Due  West  stands  in  the  front  rank  among  the  colleges  of  the 
South. 

The  people  are  naturally  a law-abiding  class,  and  the  principal  religious  denom- 
inations are  represented;  the  Presbyterian  and  Methodist  are  the  most  numerous, 
though  there  are  several  Baptists  and  Episcopal  churches. 

The  county  lies  between  the  34th  and  35th  parallel  of  latitude,  and  between 
82d  and  83d  longitude.  The  climate  of  the  county  as  the  geology,  is  that  of  the 
Piedmont  section,  q.  v.  It  resembles  that  of  the  south  of  France.  The  silk-worm 
flourishes  and  much  silk  has  been  manufactured.  The  diseases  are  of  a mild  char- 
acter. The  longevity  of  the  people  is  remarkable,  many  octogenarians,  white  and 
colored,  and  several  persons  over  90  years  of  age  are  here. 

The  county  has  25  towns  and  trading  settlements,  with  173  stores,  distributed 
as  follows;  Abbeville  Courthouse,  49;  Greenwood,  21:  Xinety-Six,  19;  Hodges’, 
15;  Due  West,  12;  Troy,  10;  Donaldsonville  and  McCormick,  7 each;  Autre ville,  4: 
Calhoun's  Mills,  Cokesbury,  Lowndesville,  Mapleton  and  Xew  Market,  3 each: 
Broadway,  Simm’s  and  Yerdery,  2 each;  Bold  Branch,  Bordeaux.  Lulah.  Millway, 
Mountain  View,  Phoenix  and  Sawney,  1 each.  Of  this  number,  9 sell  liquor,  one 
hardware,  five  dry  goods,  51  miscellaneous,  and  107  general  merchandise.  The  esti- 
mated wealth  of  the  store  keepers  is  8681.000. 

ABBEVILLE  COURT  HOUSE. 

“The  town  of  Abbeville, ’’says  a writer  in  the  beginning  of  the  century,  “is  pleas- 
antly situated  about  the  centre  of  the  district  of  the  same  name,  and  its  streets  are 
laid  out  with  a marked  observance  of  regularity  and  beauty."  Equally  can  we  repeat 
these  words  to-day  and  since  then  many  improvements  have  been  made  both  in  the 
style  of  buildings  and  regularity  of  streets.  The  courthouse  square,  where  almost 
all  the  business  houses  are  located,  is  large  and  laid  out  with  a full  view  to  conven- 
ience and  expedition  in  handling  the  large  quantity  of  farm  produce  that  is  annu- 
ally sold  here.  The  courthouse  situated  in  one  corner  is  of  course  the  most  con- 
spicuous building,  and  is  one  of  the  finest  and  most  imposing  of  the  kind  in  the 
State,  On  three  sides  of  it  the  various  lawyers'  offices  nestle  in  quiet  and  dignified 


State  oe  South  Carolina. 


125 


repose,  and  on  the  other  side  are  located  the  prominent  mercantile  establishments. 
In  its  social  and  business  relations  it  reflects  in  a concentrated  manner  all  that  we 
have  said  concerning  the  people  and  wealth  of  the  county.  Its  private  residences 
are  built  with  a significant  degree  of  taste,  its  streets  are  well  laid  out  and  there  are 
many  delightfully  romantic  walks  and  drives  in  the  outskirts.  It  lies  in  hit.  34 
deg.,  13  min.,  8 sec.;  long.  1 deg.,  5 min.,  15  sec.  West  from  Columbia,  on  a hill 
among  the  head  waters  of  Long  Cane,  and  is  the  terminus  of  a branch  of  the  C.  & 
G.  Railroad,  12  miles  long.  In  1820  the  population  was  400,  1840  500,  in  1850 
1,252,  in  1880  1,543,  and  now  1884  just  about  1,600,  according  to  the  Mayor's  re- 
ports. The  voting  population  is  305.  The  value  of  real  estate  is  given  at  $230,000 
and  personal  property  $345,000  ; total  $575,000.  There  are  two  hotels,  a large  new 
one  is  being  built  and  will  be  opened  early  in  1885,  there  are  six  churches,  and  a 
large  graded  school.  The  property  tax  is  15c  on  the  $100,  the  road  tax  is  two  dol- 
lars per  annum,  or  five  days  service.  There  are  over  forty  stores  which  are  chiefly  of 
brick  and  rent  for  from  $100  to  $500  per  year.  The  annual  sales  amount  to  some- 
what over  half  a million,  and  15,000  bales  of  cotton  are  shipped  annually  to  Charles- 
ton and  Baltimore.  There  are  eight  saloons  which  each  pay  a license  of  $200 
annually.  A circus  pays  a license  of  $100  per  day.  Within  the  last  five  years  pro- 
perty has  increased  25  per  cent,  in  value. 

The  merchants  of  the  town  in  keeping  with  the  general  community  are  men  of 
high  tone  and  honesty. 

AGRICULTURAL. 

Abbeville  with  88,727  acres  planted  in  cotton  in  1882  has  the  largest  cot- 
ton area  of  any  county  in  the  State,  giving  30,600  bales.  She  has  49,397 
acres  in  com,  743,624  bush  in  barley,  268  acres  raised  3,670  bushels;  oats, 
25,312  acres,  raised  709,336  bushels;  rye,  44  acres,  raised  177  bushels;  wheat, 
15,366  acres,  158,140  bushels;  one  of  the  three  largest  producing  counties 
in  this  cereal;  rice,  20  acres,  raised  16,580  pounds;  sorghum,  1,211  acres, 
82,348  gallons,  which  is  the  highest  yield  of  all  the  counties;  sugar  cane, 
125  acres,  raised  4,375  gallons;  sweet  potatoes,  488  acres,  raised  45,384  bushels; 
Irish  potatoes,  143  acres,  raised  21.736  bushels;  peas,  1,213  acres,  raised  18,195 
bushels;  market  gardens,  110;  honey,  20,880  pounds;  wax  1,348  pounds; 
milk,  206  gallons  sold;  butter.  266,933  pounds  made;  cheese,  1,685  pounds  made; 
poultry,  64,353  raised;  eggs,  155,657  dozen.  In  1881  98  pounds  of  lint  cotton  was 
made  to  the  acre,  in  1882  the  yield  was  178  pounds. 

Fertilizers  used  1882,  in  tons — ammoniated  435;  acid  phosphate,  1,383;  kainit, 
40;  chemicals,  118;  total,  1,976;  tons  used  in  composting  711. 

Amount  of  farm  supplies  purchased  was  $648,648,  and  the  amount  on  time 
was  $480,000. 

Cash  and  time  selling  price  of  corn  $1.09  and  $1.38  per  bushel;  bacon,  10  and 
14  cents  per  pound;  flour,  $8.00  and  $11.00  per  barrel;  meal,  $1.15  and  $1.44  per 
bushel;  hay,  $1.68  and  $2.17  per  100  pounds. 

There  are  in  the  county  125  reapers,  10  sulky  ploughs,  guano  distributors  uni- 
versally used,  275  harrows,  4 stump  pullers,  75  steam  engines  on  farms  with  a total 
horse  power  of  600. 

Wages  paid  to  farm  laborers  range  from  $6  to  $10  per  month,  with  board,  for 

males;  very  few  females  employed.  Field  labor  is  about  one-third  white  and  two- 

thirds  colored. 

The  system  of  labor  most  in  use  is  the  share  system.  The  land  owner  furnishes 

land,  stock,  tools,  etc.,  and  gives  the  laborer  from  ^ to  ^ of  the  crop  when 

gathered,  the  laborer  providing  for  himself. 

Cost  of  producing  a pound  of  merchantable  cotton  is  8 cents  on  a 500  pound 
bale;  this  includes  capital  invested. 

A very  small  proportion  of  the  farms,  about  10  per  cent,  are  worked  by  whites; 
these  are  mostly  small  farms  and  succeed.  About  are  worked  by  colored 
people  who  are  improvident  and  do  not  succeed  well. 


126 


Town  of  Abbeville, 


The  larger  proportion  is  owned  and  controlled  by  whites  and  worked  bv  hired 
labor. 

Average  yield  per  acre  is:  lint  cotton,  178  pounds;  corn,  10  bushels;  oats  171- 
bushels;  wheat,  7 bushels;  rye  and  barley,  12£  bushels;  sweet  potatoes,  75  bushels; 
peas,  8 bushels;  high  land  rice,  17  bushels. 

LAND. 

The  average  price  of  land  for  sale  is  from  $5  to  $6  per  acre,  and  for  those  able 
to  “hold”  there  is  a big  opportunity  in  land  speculation,  as  Abbeville’s  boom  is  yet 
to  come  and  is  not  far  distant.  Some  parties  are  anxious  to  get  white  farmers  to 
settle  on  their  land  and  would  be  willing  to  give  permanent  settlers  very  fair  terms. 


STOCK. 

Work  oxen,  851;  milch  cows,  4,999;  other  cattle,  7,321:  sheep,  5,168  head: 
lambs,  1,801  head;  wool,  10,487  pounds;  the  African  Broad  tail,  Cotswold  and 
Merino  are  best  adapted  to  this  locality.  The  natives  crossed  to  Cotswold.  Merino 
and  Broad  tails  are  the  principal  breeds  now  raised.  About  one-half  the  lambs 
raised  are  sold  in  Charleston  and  Augusta.  The  early  lambs  sell  for  about  $2.00; 
later,  $1.50  to  $1.75.  Grass  is  the  only  feed  used  except  in  hard  winters,  when  a 
little  oats  and  cotton  seed  is  given.  Cost  of  raising  is  about  65  cents  annually  per 
head;  average  cost  of  raising  a pound  of  wool  is  10  cents,  price  obtained  is  about 
30  cents  for  unwashed;  average  price  of  mutton  per  head  is  about  $2.25;  swine,  in 
stock,  14,787  head. 

There  are  2,356  horses,  average  value  $68.34,  and  mules  3,165,  average 
value  $67.75.  Farmers  are  giving  more  attention  to  stock  than  formerly,  and  the 
number  increases  annually. 

MANUFACTURES  ANT)  MINES— 1884. 

There  are  70  manufacturing  establishments,  consisting  of  plough,  grist  and 
lumber  mills,  wagon  and  carriage  factories,  brick  yards,  etc.,  capital  employed, 
$161,500;  value  of  annual  product,  $274,800;  employees,  156  whites.  128  colored. 

There  are  no  cotton  mills  in  the  county  though  the  water-powers  on  the  Savan- 
nah River  are  abundant;  there  are  some  half-a-dozen  .-hoals,  among  the  finest  in  the 
South;  one  having  available  horse-power  of  21,750  maximum,  with  storage  and 
minimum  9,165;  is  the  second  in  the  State;  they  are  valued  at  $1,000,000,  and  offer  a 
splendid  field  to  men  of  capital  and  experience  in  cotton  milling.  The  Savannah 
Valley  Railroad  passes  within  two  miles  of  them.  There  are  25  flour  and  7 grist 
mills;  21  lumber  mills,  employing  105  hands  and  102  mules  and  oxen:  capital  is 
from  $40,000  to  $45,000,  and  product  $65,000  to  $75,000  annually.  Average  in- 
crease in  this  business  for  the  last  few  years  has  been  about  20  per  cent. 

There  is  a capital  of  $39,000  invested  in  carriage  and  wagon  and  brick  making, 
and  employing  105  hands;  the  value  of  annual  product  being  $95,000. 

Hard  iumber  suitable  for  coach  and  wagon  building,  such  as  hickory,  ash,  white 
oak,  Spanish  oak,  and  also  poplar  abound  in  the  county.  Considerable  quantities 
of  black  walnut  suitable  for  coach  and  furniture  making  is  also  found. 

There  are  several  gold  mines  in  the  county  but  none  at  present  are  being 
worked. 

The  county  embraces  634,880  acres.  Assessed  value  of  property.  $5,042,765. 

Real  estate  not  in  towns  and  villages — arable  lands,  195,892  acres,  value  $1,304,- 
050;  meadow  and  pasture  lands,  301.486,  value  $473,465:  wood  and  marsh  lands. 
100,613  acres,  value  $539,005;  buildings,  1,791,  value  $234,595;  total  acres.  597,991; 
value  $2,316,520;  average  value  per  acre  $3.87.  Total  value  of  real  estate. 
$2,551,115. 

Real  estate  in  towns  and  villages,  617,500.  Total  value  of  all  taxable  personal  . 
property,  $1,588,430.  Per  capita,  $37.44;  per  white  capita,  $116.03. 


State  of  South  Oaeoliha. 


i2t 


Railroad  property — Aug.  & Knoxville,  26  miles,  $169,987.  C.  & G.,  43T^- 
miles,  $491,050. 

County  taxes  in  mills — State  tax,  4f;  school  tax,  2;  ordinary  county,  3;  past 
indebtedness,  total,  9|J — one  of  the  half-dozen  lightest  taxed  counties  in 
the  State. 


POPULATION. 

The  population  of  the  county  has  increased  but  little  except  in  the  last  decade. 
The  following  are  the  results  according  to  the  United  States  census:  1790,  9,197; 

1800,  13,553,  of  which  2,964  were  slaves;  1810,  21,156;  lb20,  23,167,  of  which 
9,615  were  slaves  and  252  free  blacks;  1830,  28,149;  1840,  29,351;  1850,  32,318; 
1860,  32,385;  1870,  31,129;  1880,  40,815;  it  stands  second  in  number  of  inhabi- 
tants among  the  counties  of  the  State,  Charleston  being  first. 

There  are  hut  a few  persons  of  foreign  birth  and  almost  none  of  them  laborers. 
The  people  are  generally  well  off,  the  poor  returns  are  among  the  lowest  in  the 
State,  and  the  credit  of  merchants  is  good. 


BOOTS, 

SHOES, 

TRUNKS  I 
VALISES. 


AT  LOW  PRICES. 


250  KING  STREET, 


CHARLESTON,  S.  C. 


REPRESENTATIVE  HOUSES  AND  PROMINENT  MEN 


-OF- 


ABBEVILLE,  S.  C. 


JUDGE  SAMUEL  McCOWAN. 

This  is  a name  which  requires  no  qualifying  appellations  to  recall  to  the  world's 
remembrance  the  brilliant  deeds  woven  in  its  earlier  history,  or  to  exemplify  the 
august  issues  of  its  maturer  age,  for  while  its  mention  awakens  the  purest  passions 
in  every  Southern  heart,  reverberating  in  admonitary  strains  on  Northern  breasts, 
its  non  retrogressive  and  ever  progressive  life  is  an  example  of  what  man  can 
achieve  by  a uniform  observation  of  right,  a stern  conviction  of  always  being  on  the 
side  of  truth,  backed  by  an  indomitable  will  and  belief  that  success  must  ultimately 
be  the  goal  of  effort. 

Samuel  McGowan  was  born  on  his  father’s  plantation,  in  Laurens  County.  S.C.. 
9th  October,  1819;  his  parents  were  of  Scotch-Irish  descent,  having  emigrated  with 
their  family  while  quite  young,  from  Antrim,  Ireland.  He  was  the  second  child  in 
a family  of  8,  4 boys  and  4 girls,  the  eldest  being  a boy.  He  received  his  earlier 
education  at  the  county  schools,  afterwards  at  Greenwood  Academy,  Abbeville  Co., 
and  entered  South  Carolina  College,  where  he  continued  to  show  that  assiduity  in 
his  studies  which  has  through  life  distinguished  him,  and  in  1841  graduated  from 
here  second  appointment  in  his  class,  Prof.  Rivers,  of  Baltimore,  taking  the  first 
place.  He  then  commenced  and  diligently  pursued  the  study  of  that  abstruse 
science,  in  the  practice  of  which  he  has  gained  unexampled  success,  with  Col.  T.  C. 
Perrin,  of  Abbeville,  and  was  admitted  to  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  State  in  the 
fall  of  1842.  He  practiced  law  in  partnership  with  his  preceptor  till  the  outbreak 
of  the  Mexican  war  when  he  joined  the  famous  Palmetto  Regimeut,  being  soon  ap- 
pointed to  the  place  of  Assistant  Quartermaster,  attached  to  Gen.  Twigg’s  Second 
Division,  He  served  all  through  the  war  from  Vera  Cruz  to  Pueblo,  being  volun- 
teer aide  of  Gen.  Quitman,  at  Chepultepec  and  the  Garreta  del  Bellen,  where  he 
was  hit,  and  at  the  close  the  government  wished  to  brevet  him  as  Major,  but  this 
he  declined.  Returning  to  Abbeville  he  continued  the  practice  of  his  profession  for 
a few  years  with  Col.  Perrin,  and  then  with  his  brother,  Alexander  Hamilton,  as 
McGowan  & McGowan. 

The  outbreak  of  the  civil  war  found  him  in  possession  of  a considerable  fortune, 
amassed  solely  by  his  own  energies,  an  extensive  practice  and  a name  recognized  as 
that  of  the  ablest  lawyers  of  our  State.  Unmindful  of  these  advantages,  those  for- 
tunes and  this  immediate  happiness,  so  hardly  won.  so  dearly  bought,  the  Great 
Cause,  whose  ablest  defendant  and  most  powerful  advocate  indeed  was  born,  reared 
and  lived  in  this  very  county,  awakened  in  his  breast  emotions  which  only  such 
whose  constitutional  rights,  whose  liberties,  whose  firesides,  whose  women,  whose 
all  what  they  possessed  or  enjoyed  from  their  earliest  days  have  been  assailed  can 
conceive,  and  the  call  of  his  country  to  decide  in  the  field  what  had  been,  by  sec- 


State  oe  South  Carolina. 


129 


tionalism  and  party  ascendancy,  outvoted  at  the  ballot-box  was  to  him  as  the  voice 
of  God. 

On  April,  1861,  he  was  appointed  Brigadier-General  of  State  troops  by  Gov. 
Pickens — was  thus  one  of  the  first  four  Generals  from  the  State — and  at  the  fall  of 
Fort  Sumter  commanded  his  brigade,  made  up  of  four  regiments.  His  commission 
lapsing  by  the  transferral  of  his  command  to  Confederate  service,  he  joined  Briga- 
dier-General Bonham  as  aide-de-camp  and  served  with  him  at  First  Manassas.  He 
then  returned  home  and  was  at  once  elected  Confederate  Lieut. -Colonel  of  the  14th 
Regiment,  and  in  the  spring  of  1862,  by  the  resignation  of  Col.  Jones  he  was  pro- 
moted to  the  Colonelcy,  succeeding  to  the  command  of  the  brigade,  being  promoted 
over  his  seniors,  Col.  Edwards  of  the  Thirteenth,  and  Col.  Hamilton  of  the  First, 
on  Gregg’s  death  at  Fredericksburg,  in  December,  1862.  As  Brigadier-General  in 
the  Provisional  Army  of  the  Confederate  States  the  General’s  glittering  record  is  too 
well  known  to  require  comment  at  our  hands.  His  memorable  career  is  traced  in 
every  engagement  along  the  lines  of  the  James  and  Potomac,  from  the  brilliant  Con- 
federate victories  around  the  Rappahannock  to  Lee’s  final  surrender;  he  saw  the  first 
gun  fired  on  Fort  Sumter,  and  the  roar  of  battle,  the  cries  of  the  wounded  and  the 
dying,  and  the  yells  of  the  victorious  were  around  him  till  at  Appomattox  Court- 
house his  men  were  among  the  last  ordered  to  stop  firing.  He  was  wounded  no  less 
than  five  times,  at  Gaines’ Mill,  Second  Manassas,  Fredericksburg,  Chancellorsville 
and  Spottsyl vania.  He  was  recommended  for  promotion  for  his  gallant  and  effi- 
cient services  in  the  battles  around  Richmond,  Cold  Harbor  and  Malvern  Hill. 

Gen.  Gregg  in  his  official  report  of  the  battle  of  Cold  Harbor,  says:  “The  14th 
Regiment,  Col.  McGowan  arrived  on  the  field  at  the  moment  it  was  so  greatly  needed. 
Stopping  the  fire  of  Crenshaw  battery  for  a short  time  to  allow  a passage 
through  the  guns  I ordered  the  14th  forward.  Tired  as  they  were  bv  two  days  and 
three  nights  of  outpost  duty,  and  by  a rapid  march  under  a burning  sun,  they  "recov- 
ered strength  at  once  and  advanced  with  a cheer,  at  the  double-quick.  Leading  his 
regiment  to  the  right  of  the  13th  and  across  the  hollow.  Col.  McGowan  arrived  just 
in  time  to  repulse  the  advancing  enemy,  and  prevent  them  from  establishing  a bat- 
tery on  the  edge  of  the  open  ground  on  the  brow  of  the  hill.  The  14th  maintained 
its  position  gallantly  till  the  end  of  the  battle.” 

Readers  who  at  your  cheerful  fireside  enjoy  that  peace,  happiness  and  freedom 
to  gain  which  so  much  noble  blood  was  spilt,  so  many  gallant  unrecorded  deeds  were 
wrought,  I leave  it  to  your  own  imagination  to  conceive,  to  your  own  mind  to  judge, 
what  glory  you  will  accord  to  one,  who  with  unflinching  bravery  while  he  was  ever 
foremost  in  the  victories  of  the  Confederate  arms,-  in  the  advancement  of  that  cause, 
so  dear  to  every  Southern  heart,  and  holding  in  his  hand  the  lives  and  fortunes  of  so 
many  beings,  was,  with  that  cool  collectiveness  and  ability  to  grasp  the  minutest 
details  characteristic  of  all  great  generals,  not  unmindful  of  the  dangers  and  diffi- 
culties which  beset  the  movements  of  his  men,  and  at  no  time  forgetful  of  the 
requirements,  wants  and  comforts  of  the  wounded  soldier.  That  he  is  appointed  a 
place  among  those  whose  names  grace  the  pages  of  American  history  generations 
will  relate. 

Pronounced  as  has  been  his  life  as  a soldier,  equally  exultant  is  his  career  as  a 
politician,  and  still  more  triumphant  his  victory  as  a lawyer. 

Going  back  to  his  earlier  days  we  find  him  in  1844  participating  in  a duel  with 
Col.  John  Cunningham,  of  Charleston,  and  in  it  was  severely  wounded,  and  from 
1850  till  the  war  was  Major-General  of  the  1st  Division  of  South  Carolina  Militia. 
In  the  political  arena  he  was  not  forgotten  by  the  people.  He  was  many  times  In- 
tendant  of  the  the  town  of  Abbeville,  and  in  1850  was  elected  to  the  Legislature, 
being  re-elected  six  terms  successively,  only  resigning  when  engaged  in  the  war. 
As  a member  of  the  House  he  took  a leading  and  conspicuous  part  in  all  its  pro- 
ceedings, and  was  ever  active  in  furthering  those  motions  and  laws  which  have  since 
given  the  greatest  benefits  to  the  greatest  number.  The  fact  that  he  for  five  years 
was  chairman  of  the  military  committee,  the  duties  of  which  in  attending  to  the 
State  Military  Academy  were  perhaps  the  most  numerous  and  difficult  attached  to 


130 


'Town  of  Abbeville, 


any  similar  office,  and  that  for  the  next  five  years  he  held  the  responsible  place  of 
chairman  of  the  committee  on  education,  and  in  virtue  thereof  ex-officio  trustee  of 
the  South  Carolina  College,  is  enough  to  show  to  our  readers,  how  also  in  this  phase 
of  his  career  he  was  distinguished  and  marked  among  his  contemporaries. 

After  the  war  he  returned  to  Abbeville  to  find  himself  deprived  of  everything 
but  the  house  and  land  lie  possessed.  This  he  afterwards  sold  and  bought  his  present 
dwelling,  where  with  his  family  he  has  since  lived  in  happiness.  He  commenced 
practicing  again  and  at  once  found  that  in  the  proportion  his  material  wealth  had 
been  lost  his  good  name  was  augmented,  and  his  business  soon  extended  even  be- 
yond its  old  limits,  and  in  1869  he  formed  a partnership  with  Mr.  Parker,  with 
whom  he  was  till  elected  to  the  Supreme  Bench.  Among  the  many  important  and 
difficult  cases  he  has,  against  the  greatest  odds,  conducted  to  successful  issue,  the 
following  are  perhaps  worthy  of  special  mention:  Chevis  vs.  Haskell,  on  the  con- 
struction of  Judge  Chevis’  will,  involving  property  amounting  to  8100,000  in  value; 
Cloud  vs.  Calhoun,  on  a deed  of  gift  of  negroes  before  marriage,  establishing  the 
validity  of  the  marriage  settlement;  LeMare  vs.  Reed,  on  the  right  of  title  to  forty 
negroes. 

The  General  was  elected  to  Congress  from  the  Third  District  of  South  Caro- 
lina, but  was  not  allowed  to  take  his  seat.  In  1876  he  was  elector  at  large  for  Til- 
den  and  Hendricks,  and  along  with  his  colleague.  Major  Barker,  really  carried  the 
State,  though  counted  for  Hayes.  In  1878  he  was  returned  to  the  Legislature  and 
was  at  once  appointed  chairman  of  tire  judiciary  committee,  filling  this  trust  till 
December,  1879,  when  he  was  elected  to  the  Supreme  Bench  of  the  State,  for  the 
unexpired  term  of  Judge  Haskell,  and  in  1887  was  re-elected. 

Eloquent  as  a speaker,  versed  in  all  the  principles,  rules  and  forms  of  law.  a 
close  and  correct  observer  of  men  and  things,  a man  of  varied  experience  and  many 
attainments,  he  has  few  equals  as  a judge  in  any  State  in  our  Union.  At  the  zenith 
of  his  fame  few  men  can  look  back  on  their  lives  with  snch  contentment,  fewer  still 
with  such  pride,  for  since  he  put  his  first  foot  upon  the  lowest  step  of  the  ladder  he 
has  continued  to  advance  to  the  greatest  honors  our  State  can  confer,  and  should  lie 
be  called  to  fill  a higher  pinnacle  of  legal  greatness  his  history  will  show  that  he  is 
suited  to  perform  the  most  responsible  functions  which  may  devolve  upon  him. 

At  home  in  the  little  town  of  Abbeville,  the  General  is  as  much  beloved  for  his 
liberal-mindedness  and  large-heartedness,  as  his  is  honored  abroad  for  his  talent  and 
power,  and  for  the  benefit  of  those  who  have  not  come  in  personal  contact  with  him. 
we  may  say  he  is  possessed  of  those  qualities  of  easy  manner,  grace  and  affability, 
peculiar  to  the  truly  great,  the  only  noble. 

He  married  on  the  2d  January,  1851,  Susan  Caroline  Ward  law.  the  daughter  of 
Judge  D.  L.  Wardlaw,  one  of  the  oldest  families  in  the  county,  as  loved  as  her  loss 
was  mourned,  by  whom  he  has  three  surviving  children,  two  daughters  and  one  son. 

W.  H.  PARKER. 

One  of  the  oldest  practising  lawyers  in  Abbeville,  was  born  1st  January.  1828. 
in  this  county,  and  received  his  early  education  in  the  well  known  schools  of  Allen. 
Burns  and  Coats,  at  Charleston,  and  afterwards  at  South  Carolina  College,  from 
where  he  graduated  in  1816.  sixth  honor  in  a class  of  32.  He  then  commenced 
reading  law  in  the  office  of  Judge  Thompson  and  was  a diligent  and  laborious  stu- 
dent, and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  December,  1840,  since  which  date  he  has  been 
engaged  in  civil  practice,  being  associated  with  Hon.  Armisted  Burt,  from  1852  to 
1855,  and  with  Judge  McGowan  from  1869  to  1880.  with  results  of  a satisfactory 
character,  and  was  in  that  time  interested  in  many  important  suits.  A well-read 
lawyer,  Mr.  Parker  is  diligent  and  laborious  in  the  preparation  of  his  ca^es  and  ear- 
nest in  advocating  the  interests  of  his  clients.  He  was  Commissioner  in  Equity 
from  1855  to  1869,  and  later  was  a member  of  the  commission  appointed  to  make 
a digest  of  the  recent  statutes  instituted  on  the  refraining  of  the  State,  his  accurate 
knowledge  of  the  law  specially  fitting  him  for  those  positions.  In  the  late  war  he 


State  oe  South  Carolina. 


131 


did  service  for  12  months  as  Adjutant  19th  South  Carolina,  Col.  Lythgo,  Bragg’s 
Division  in  the  West.  As  a politician,  Mr.  Parker  has  also  taken  an  active  part  and 
represented  this  county  in  the  Legislature  in  1880  and  1881,  and  was  again  elected 
after  a hard  fight  on  the  University  question,  in  1882.  In  the  House  he  was  a mem- 
ber of  the  judiciary  committee  and  chairman  of  the  incorporations  committee, 
and  has  always  been  active  in  promoting  all  measures  instituted  for  the  public  good. 
He  is  a Mason,  Past  Master  Royal  Arch  and  Council. 

W.  C.  BENET, 

Lawyer. 

This  is  a name  of  one  prominent  in  our  State,  not  only  on  account  of  his  great 
success  as  a lawyer  and  powers  as  an  advocate,  but  because  of  the  conspicuous  part 
he  has  played  in  many  great  questions  which  have  in  these  later  years  come  before 
the  public  for  discussion.  Born  in  Scotland,  a country  whose  sons  have  made  their 
mark  and  had  an  influence  on  many  of  the  greatest  phases  of  the  world’s  history,  he 
has  not  been  behind  in  showing  himself  possessed  of  these  innate  talents,  which 
have  distinguished  his  compatriots  from  their  earliest  times.  He  was  educated  at 
Dollar  Academy  and  took  the  full  arts  course  at  Edinboro’  University,  versing  him- 
self in  all  the  learning  of  ancient  and  modern  nations,  and  studying  with  that  zeal 
and  hard  work  by  which  only  great  gifts  can  be  developed  into  useful  powers.  Leav- 
ing the  land  of  the  Stuarts  in  1868,  he  settled  in  South  Carolina  and  Abbeville 
county,  where  his  learning  soon  gained  for  him  a place  in  this  the  most  cultured  so- 
ciety of  the  most  polished  State  in  the  Union,  and  stamped  him  as  one  of  the  best 
instructors  that  they  had  yet  seen.  He  afterwards  studied  law  with  Judge  Thomp- 
son, and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1876,  and  to  the  Supreme  Courts  in  1880. 
Among  the  many  difficult  and  trying  cases  he  has  conducted  against  the  greatest 
odds  to  triumphant  results  may  be  more  especially  mentioned  the  railroad  suit,  which 
after  a four  years  struggle,  he  carried  against  the  expressed  opinion  of  all  the  expe- 
rienced heads  at  the  State  bar,  to  the  Supreme  Court,  won  it  and  established  that 
the  claim  of  a passenger  injured  in  an  accident  held  a prior  lien  to  mortgages,  and 
to  be  paid  out  of  the  fund  of  earnings  in  the  hands  of  the  Receiver.  This  was  the 
first  case  of  its  kind  gained  in  the  United  States,  and  called  forth  compliments  and 
congratulations  from  the  profession  and  the  press.  The  case  of  Jeff.  David,  ac- 
cused of  murder,  condemned  ten  times  to  the  full  punishment  of  the  law,  and  once 
on  the  scaffold  with  the  rope  round  his  neck,  was  perhaps  the  most  brilliant  victory 
in  a criminal’s  defence  that  has  been  recorded  in  the  annals  of  the  bar.  Success 
was  due  to  that  indomitable  fortitude  that  a stern  conviction  of  being  in  the  right, 
characteristic  of  the  subject  of  our  sketch,  can  only  give.  These  two  cases,  carried 
on  about  the  same  time,  the  latter  costing  him  hundreds  of  dollars,  placed  Mr. 
Benet  in  the  front  rank  of  the  bar  in  South  Carolina. 

As  an  advocate  of  the  true  systems  of  education,  he  holds  a no  less  conspicuous 
place.  Interested  in  it  since  his  youngest  days,  he  has  been  a leading  member  of 
the  Board  of  Examiners  for  several  years,  and  has  delivered  many  of  the  annual 
addresses  at  the  exhibitions  of  the  educational  institutions  of  the  State,  including 
Due  West  and  Furman  Universities. 

Among  his  many  attainments  in  the  ‘‘Belles  Lettres,”  the  pamphlet  published 
in  1880  on  “Americanisms,”  attracted  great  attention. 

At  home  he  has  taken  an  active  part  in  all  measures  instituted  for  the  people’s 
welfare.  He  created  the  Abbeville  Literary  Club,  which  in  its  selection  of  period- 
icals, and  as  a means  of  bringing  together  scholars  for  social  intercourse,  has  no 
equal  in  this  State  and  few  in  the  United  States.  He  has  recently  been  elected 
Presidential  Elector  for  the  Third  District  of  South  Carolina. 

EUGENE  B.  CARY, 

Lawyer. 

Abbeville,  whose  lawyers  have  always  held  a prominent  place  at  the  bar  of 
South  Carolina,  to-day  does  not  lack  able  minds  which  make  her  name  courted  and 


132 


Town  of  Abbeville, 


revered  in  the  tribunals  of  our  State.  Conspicuous  among  those  is  the  subject 
of  our  sketch,  who  but  still  a young  man,  enjoys  a standing  at  the  bar  possessed  by 
few,  surpassed  by  none.  Eugene  B.  Gary,  son  of  Dr.  F.  F.  Gary,  nephew  of  Gen. 
Mart.  Gary,  was  born  in  Abbeville  and  finished  a splendid  course  of  education  by 
graduating  from  South  Carolina  University  in  1872.  He  was  for  a year  principal 
of  Hodges  Academy,  and  commenced  and  pursued  the  study  of  law  in  the  office  of 
Gen.  M.  W.  Gary,  in  Edgefield,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  September,  1875,  at 
Laurens.  He  immediately  commenced  practising,  and  from  the  beginning  and  a keen 
method  of  seeing  through  men's  saying  and  doings, brought  him  into  the  front  rank  and 
now  lie  has,  perhaps  the  largest  practice  in  this  county.  Space  only  allows  us  here  to 
briefly  mention  one  or  two  of  the  many  difficult  and  momentous  cases  he  has  com- 
bated with  success  in  the  Supreme  Courts,  otherwise  we  might  recite  incidents  to 
be  read  with  profit  by  both  young  and  old  lawyers.  Among  them  we  may  note: 
Allen  vs.  Allen,  on  the  distribution  of  an  estate  of  164,000;  of  Warren  vs.  Lagrone 
as  to  the  effect  of  military  orders;  Godbold  vs.  Vance,  Mars  vs.  Virginia  Insurance 
Co.,  Crawford  vs.  Crawford,  and  many  others,  all  involving  intricate  questions  and 
evoking  telling  and  superb  arguments  which  carried  the  victory. 

He  also  had  the  case  of  the  State  vs.  McGreer,  settling  the  law  in  this  State  in 
regard  to  self-defence,  and  of  the  State  vs.  Myers,  which  was  the  first  case  in  this 
State  where  there  was  an  appeal  from  a verdict  of  manslaughter. 

He  was  attorney  for  the  Hon.  D.  Wyatt  Aiken,  when  he  contested  his  seat  in 
Congress,  in  the  United  States  District  Courts  and  won  it,  and  nominated  him  for 
re-election  in  1882,  at  the  Anderson  convention. 

In  political  circles,  Mr.  Gary  has  always  taken  active  interest  and  is  one  of  the 
most  influential  members  of  the  Democratic  party  in  this  county,  espousing  with 
zeal  and  earnestness  every  motion  brought  forward  for  the  party's  good,  and  oppos- 
ing with  equal  ardour,  all  measures  which  may  tend  to  reduce  the  strength  of  the 
Democratic  combination. 

In  1876  he  wrote  the  first  article  that  appeared  in  the  papers  of  this  county  in 
behalf  of  Straight  Out  Democracy.  In  1882  he  was  elected  county  chairman,  not- 
withstanding the  strong  and  intelligent  opposition  of  Hon.  J.  C.  Maxwell,  Senator 
from  the  county,  and  has  since  filled  the  post  with  honor.  In  August,  1882.  at  the 
State  Convention,  he  was  elected  to  a place  on  the  State  Democratic  Executive 
Committee. 

Mr.  Gary  is  likewise  a member  of  the  Masonic  Order,  belongs  to  Clinton  Lodge, 
No.  3,  and  is  a Royal  Arch,  Council  and  Master  Mason.  Deservedly  one  of  the 
most  popular  men  in  our  county,  with  a large  circle  of  friends  he  holds  a position, 
both  as  a professional  man  and  citizen,  that  makes  him  at  once  a necessary  and  im- 
portant factor  in  the  public  welfare,  and  a weighty  and  ascendant  member  of  the 
community. 

WHITE  BROTHERS, 

General  Merchandise,  and  Shippers  of  Cotton. 

In  a town  of  the  nature  and  size  of  Abbeville  there  are  houses  by  their  enter- 
prise, economy  and  power  of  discerning  the  future  which  have  tended  in  a great 
measure  to  foster,  build  up  and  increase  its  importance  as  a centre  of  supply,  and 
which  collectively  may  be  classed  as  the  pillars  of  its  financial  solidity.  Prominent 
among  and  perhaps  standing  at  the  head  of  these  is  the  house  of  White  Bros.,  which 
was  established  in  1865  as  White,  Smith  & Co.,  the  name  being  afterwards  changed 
to  White,  Smith  & White.  In  1872  Messrs.  White  having  bought  Mr.  Smith's  in- 
terest, the  present  style  name  was  adopted.  The  premises  occupied,  in  the  centre 
of  business  activity  in  town,  consist  of  a handsome  2 -story  brick  structure,  erected 
before  the  war,  which  is  divided  into  two  stores,  each  24x80  feet  in  dimensions, 
well  arranged  and  admirably  adapted  for  conducting  the  large  trade  being  constant- 
ly carried  on.  In  the  one  store,  the  grocery  department,  contains  a full  supply  of 
teas,  coflees,  sugars,  spices,  butter,  cheese,  country  produce,  canned  meats  and 
fruit,  flour  and  feed,  table  delicacies,  and  in  fact  all  classes  of  merchandise  used  in 
any  way  for  nourishment  of  man  or  beast;  a complete  line  of  hardware,  including 


State  of  South  Carolina. 


133 


iron,  steel,  metals,  carriage  and  blacksmith’s  supplies,  nails,  cordage,  and  the  latest 
patterns  in  agricultural  implements,  farmers  and  plantation  supplies  generally.  In 
the  dry  goods  store  the  best  woolen  goods  of  foreign  and  domestic  manufacture, 
cotton  and  white,  gents  furnishing,  dress  goods,  notions,  etc.,  are  kept,  and  a varied 
assortment  of  ladies,  gents'  and  children's  boots  and  shoes  in  sizes  to  suit  all  wear- 
ers. In  fact  there  is  almost  nothing  in  the  wide  domain  of  merchandise,  however 
small  or  unique,  however  large  or  ordinary,  that  cannot  be  obtained  at  this  estab- 
lishment at  market  prices.  The  institution  requires  a force  of  seven  assistants  and 
clerks  to  accommodate  the  trade  which  ramifies  all  through  this  county  and  into 
Edgefield  and  Anderson.  Their  stock  will  run  in  value  from  $20,000  to  $35,000, 
according  to  the  season.  In  cotton  they  do  about  the  largest  business  in  the  county, 
handling  3,000  bales  annually,  and  make  liberal  advances  on  liens.  The  members 
of  this  prosperous  house,  Messrs.  L.  W.  and  Geo.  White,  are  both  natives  of  the 
county.  In  the  late  war  they  served  the  Confederate  Cause,  being  present  at  many 
leading  battles  in  Virginia,  North  Carolina  and  this  State.  From  its  inception  this 
house  has  been  identified  with  the  growth  and  advancement  of  this  community, 
and  has  always  enjoyed  a high  reputation  for  liberal  dealing,  strict  integrity  and 
financial  solidity,  and  with  a business  from  $110,000  to  $120,000  annually,  it 
may  be  safely  said  to  have  few  superiors  in  this  State. 

ELLIS  C.  GRAYDON, 

Mayor. 

Was  born  in  this  county  24th  August.  1852.  He  received  his  earlier  education 
at  Cokesbury,  and  afterwards  at  South  Carolina  University,  taking  first  honors  in 
Latin  and  Greek.  He  left  here  in  1872,  taught  school  two  years,  and  in  ’75  and  ’76 
studied  law  at  the  University  of  Virginia.  He  ivas,  in  1876  admitted  to  practice 
in  the  Circuit  and  three  years  later  to  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  State.  Among  the 
many  important  cases  he  has  successfully  conducted  may  be  more  especially  men- 
tioned that  of  Geo.  W.  Williams  vs.  Vance,  on  appropriations  of  payment  and 
liquidated  damages,  and  of  Davenport  vs.  Caldwell,  establishing  1 hat  the  Probate 
Court  had  no  jurisdiction  in  actions  for  partition  of  land.  In  criminal  cases  that  of 
the  State  vs.  Lamson,  for  burglary,  and  of  State  vs.  McLung  and  Martin,  for  mur- 
der, in  both  of  which  he  got  the  accused  acquitted.  In  1877,  he  was  appointed  by 
the  Governor  special  Judge  to  hear  and  decide  the  case  of  Barrett  vs.  t ochran,  in 
accordance  with  the  provision  of  the  State  constitution,  the  presiding  judge  having 
been  of  counsel  in  the  case. 

He  was  elected  Intendant  of  the  town  in  1882  and  1883  unopposed,  and  as  an 
economical  and  efficient  Mayor  prominent  citizens  say  that  in  their  knowledge  there 
has  never  been  such  a good  administration.  When  he  first  came  into  office  the 
town  was  over  $100  in  debt,  the  rate  of  taxation  on  property  was  two  mills,  and  the 
capitation  tax  for  road  duty  three  dollars.  By  judicious  management  the  rate  of 
taxation  has  been  reduced  to  14  mills,  the  road  duty  to  two  dollars,  and  notwith- 
standing,the  income  has  been  increased  from  $2,000  to  $3,500  per  annum,  the  town 
is  out  of  debt,  has  a large  surplus  in  the  treasury,  and  withal  $2,500  worth  of  per- 
manent improvements  have  been  made.  Being  a man  of  wide  knowledge,  a correct, 
cluseand  methodical  thinker,  Mr.  Graydon  is  excellently  suited  for  the  post  of  Chief 
Executive.  He  is  at  present  treasurer  of  the  local  Masonic  Lodge  and  Master  Mason 
in  the  Blue  Lodge. 

W.  JOEL  SMITH  & SON., 

General  Merchandise  and  Cotton  Buyers. 

Among  the  representative  houses  in  this  county,  the  above  takes  a leading  and 
most  prominent  place  and  is  conducted  on  a basis  that  places  it  on  a par  with  simi- 
lar establishments  throughout  the  State.  It  was  originally  founded  ill  1873,  as 
DuPre  & Smith,  the  latter  having  been,  since  the  war,  one  of  the  firm  of  White, 
Smith  & Co.,  who  on_26th  September,  1865,  received  the  first  goods  landed  here 


134 


Town  of  Abbeville, 


after  the  war.  In  1875  they  dissolved,  the  business  being  carried  on  by  Mr.  W.  J. 
Smith  alone,  till  1878,  when  he  took  his  son  into  partnership,  the  house  continuing 
its  prosperous  career  under  its  present  style,  and  has  increased  its  transactions  and 
exercises  a most  important  and  salutary  influence  upon  local  trade  generally.  Thev 
occupy  two  stores  adjacent  to  one  another,  both  24x80  feet  in  dimensions,  spacious 
and  well  arranged  for  expeditiously  carrying  out  their  numerous  engagements.  One 
is  confined  more  particularly  to  dry  goods,  the  stock  which  is  varied  and  complete 
containing  the  best  productions  of  foreign  and  domestic  mills,  fancy  dress  goods, 
notions,  gents’  furnishing,  white  goods,  etc.,  latest  styles  in  ladies’,  gents’  and  chil- 
dren’s shoes,  newest  fashions  in  ha  ts  and  caps.  The  other  or  grocery  store,  has  like- 
wise a varied  assortment  of  all  kinds  of  groceries  and  provisions,  fresh  from  manu- 
facturers and  first  hands,  and  a full  line  of  hardware,  agricultural  implements  and 
general  farmers  and  plantation  supplies.  The  stock  thus  including  everything 
ordinarily  used  in  the  habitations  of  civilized  man.  can  be  relied  upon  as  being  of 
first  quality,  is  retailed  for  exactly  what  is  represented  to  be.  and  will  average  in 
value  $25,000.  The  business,  which  is  large,  extending  all  over  this  county,  calls 
into  requisition  the  services  of  six  competent  hands  and  a wagon.  As  cotton  buvers. 
they  make  liberal  advances  on  liens,  and  handle  in  an  average  season  about  2,500 
bales.  The  senior  partner  of  the  firm,  Mr.  IV.  J.  Smith,  is  a native  of  Abbe- 
ville county,  and  in  the  late  war  did  service  for  the  Confederate  cause,  being  in 
Virginia  with  Orr’s  Rifles,  in  McGowan's  Brigade,  as  Quartermaster-Sergeant. 
His  son,  Mr.  J.  Allen  Smith,  is  also  born  in  Abbeville.  Honest  merchants, 
respected  and  useful  citizens,  their  house,  which  does  a business  of  over  880. non 
annually,  may  well  be  regarded  as  one  of  the  bulwarks  of  commercial  solid! r v 
in  this  county  and  one  of  the  examples  of  what  can  be  achieved  by  fair  dealing 
and  correct  representations  in  any  mercantile  centre. 

COL.  ORVILLE  T.  CALHOUN, 

Lawyer, 

Grand-nephew  of  the  illustrious  champion  of  Southern  rights,  was  born  in 
Alabama,  and  came  to  this  county  with  his  family  when  only  a year  old.  He  was 
educated  at  the  Georgia  Military  Institute,  and  when  15  years  old  was  present  with 
the  cadets  at  the  siege  of  Atlanta.  He  was  later  at  Hillsboro’  Academy,  X.  C., 
and  served  in  the  Kemper  command  in  artillery,  some  time  on  the  coast,  being 
present  at  the  Hillsboro’  surrender.  He  then  studied  two  years  with  the  Rev.  D. 
R.  Miles,  entered  the  First  National  Bank  remaining  there  three  years.  He  moved 
West  to  St.  Louis,  returned  to  Atlanta  and  was  engaged  in  the  insurance  business 
till  coming  to  Abbeville,  the  home  of  his  fathers,  in  1872.  He  now  turned  his 
attention  to  law  and  pursued  its  study  with  Perrin  X Cothran,  and  was  admitted  in 
1874.  He  taught  school  three  years,  and  in  1877  commenced  the  practice,  and  in 
1879  was  admitted  to  the  Supreme  Court;  and  also  practices  in  the  L'nited  States 
Court  at  Greenville.  Being  a well  read  lawyer  of  varied  attainments,  and  by  care- 
ful attention  to  his  clients  interest  he  has  gained  the  confidence  of  the  public,  and 
does  a practice  extending  all  over  this  and  into  the  counties  of  Anderson  and 
Oconee.  Mr.  Calhoun  has  already  defended  no  less  than  seven  men  accused  of 
murder,  and  got  them  all  acquitted.  The  case  of  the  State  vs.  Charley  Pepper,  Jno 
Young  and  Joe  Armstrong  is  the  most  remarkable  one  of  strong  positive  and  cir- 
cumstantial evidence,  where  the  prisoner  was  acquitted,  ever  tried  at  the  Abbeville 
bar;  it  came  up  three  times,  two  mis-trials,  on  each  of  which  the  jury  remained  in 
the  jury-room  12  or  15  hours.  Two  days  were  consumed  and  100  witnesses  were  ex- 
amined on  part  of  the  State  and  defence  on  each  trial.  Mr.  Calhoun  conducted  it 
against  J.  Lawrence  Orr,  assisted  by  T.  P.  Cothran,  on  the  first  two.  and  W.  C. 
Benet  on  the  third.  The  State  vs.  Myers,  in  which  he  was  engaged,  was  lost  in 
the  Circuit  and  in  being  appealed  was  the  first  case  of  manslaughter  carried  to  the 
Supreme  Court;  a new  trial  was  granted  and  acquittal  was  obtained  on  its  second 
appearance  before  the  Circuit  Court.  Possessed  of  those  innate  talents  which  make 


StATE  of  South  Carolina. 


135 


a good  lawyer.  Col.  Callioun  is  personally  popular  and  well  merits  the  distinction  he 
has  obtained  at  the  bar.  He  was  Colonel  on  Gov.  Hagood’s  staff  during  his  admin- 
istration. 

F.  F.  CARY,  M.  D. 

As  this  name  has  been  made  famous  in  military  history  by  Gen.  Mart.  Gary, 
so  has  it  been  not  less  distinguished  in  professional  life  in  the  person  of  his 
elder  brother,  Dr.  F.  F.  Gary,  of  Abbeville.  The  doctor  was  born  at  Cokes- 
bury,  Abbeville  county,  and  was  educated  at  Cokesbury  Conference  School,  grad- 
uating from  it  in  1849.  He  commenced  the  study  of  that  art  preservative  of 
Nature’s  greatest  work,  as  pupil  of  Dr.  Norwood,  of  varatrurn  viride  fame,  at 
Cokesbury,  continuing  at  Jefferson  Medical  College,  Philada.,  from  which  he 
received  his  M.  D.,  in  1851.  He  immediately  commenced  the  practice  of  his 
profession  at  Cokesbury,  Abbeville  county,  and  the  outbreak  of  the  war  found 
him  master  of  a large  practice.  He  volunteered  his  sendees  as  Surgeon,  and  was 
attached  to  the  First  South  Carolina  Regiment  as  Chief  Surgeon,  with  the  rank 
of  Colonel.  Returning  home  after  the  war,  he  resumed  his  practice.  To-day  his 
name  is  a household  word  in  the  hamlets  and  mansions  of  our  broad  land,  and  he 
lias  stood  as  one  of  the  leading  and  most  widely  known  physicians  in  South  Caro- 
lina for  many  years.  He  has  been  the  recipient  of  the  highest  honors  the  profession 
can  bestow;  was  President  of  the  Abbeville  County  Medical  Association,  in  1880 
and  1881,  and  President  of  the  State  Medical  Society  in  1882,  and  is  likewise  a 
member  of  the  National  Medical  Association.  He  is  chairman  of  the  State  Board 
of  Health,  and  was  a chosen  delegate  to  the  World’s  Health  Congress,  at  Geneva, 
in  1883.  In  political  life  the  doctor  has  also  taken  a conspicuous  part,  was  elected 
to  the  Legislature  in  1880,  and  re-elected  in  1882.  In  the  House  he  was  the  first  to 
open  the  railroad  bill  against  the  railway  commission,  and  is  the  chairman  of 
the  committee  on  medical  affairs.  He  is  also  a high  Mason,  has  ever  had  a deep 
interest  in  their  doings  and  is  Past  Grand  High  Priest  of  the  Grand  Chapter  of  the 
State.  He  was  six  years  a Director  in  the  Columbia  & Greenville  Railroad. 
Though  continually  busied  with  the  many  duties  incumbent  upon  his  practice  and 
official  life,  he  has  found  time  to  prepare  contributions  to  literature,  and  chief 
among  them  may  be  mentioned  his  Reports  on  Forestry  for  the  State,  and  his  Med- 
ical Topography  of  South  Carolina.  A conspicuous  figure  in  public  life,  he  is  no 
less  respected  at  home,  enjoying  the  confidence  of  a large  circle  of  friends  as  a phy- 
sician. 

The  Gary  family  originally  emigrated  from  England  to  Virginia,  from  thence 
to  Newberry,  S.  C..  where  they  scattered.  They  are  descended  on  the  maternal  side 
from  the  Witherspoons,  of  Scotland,  one  of  whom  was  a signer  of  the  Declaration 
of  Independence,  and  President  of  Princeton  College,  and  eight  generations  have 
lived  in  this  county.  Their  name  is  conspicuous  in  the  late  war;  six  brothers — one 
Major  General,  three  Colonels,  including  two  Surgeons,  one  Major  and  a Captain — 
did  gallant  service  for  the  Confederate  cause.  Brigadier-General  Evans  being  also 
a brother-in-law,  and  it  was  at  their  mother’s  house,  at  Cokesbury.  that  the  Presi- 
dent of  the  Confederacy  and  his  Cabinet  held  their  second  last  meeting. 

CAPTAIN  JOHN  H.  CARY. 

[ Newspaper  extract  on  another  of  the  sons  of  this  family.] 

‘‘South  Carolina  has  reason  to  be  proud  of  her  youths,  especially  as  they  are  rep- 
resented in  the  students  of  her  college  and  the  cadets  of  her  military  institutions. 
Taught  all  of  them  to  prize  honor  far  more  dearly  than  life;  brave,  truthful,  im- 
pulsive and  full  of  State  pride,  we  might  challenge  any  country  to  show  a body  of 
young  men  superior  to  them  in  all  the  qualities  that  constitute  manhood.  Of  these 
youths  Capt.  Jno.  H.  Gary  was  one  of  the  noblest  types.  He  was  the  son  of  Dr.  Tlios. 
R.  Gary,  of  Abbeville,  and  was  born  on  the  17th  August,  1840,  in  the  village  of 
Cokesbury.  At  the  commencement  of  the  war  he  had  been  just  graduated  with 
distinction  at  Columbia  College,  where,  also,  his  fine  qualities  had  won  for  him  the 


136 


Town  of  Abbeville, 


position  of  Captain  of  the  College  Cadets.  These  young  soldiers  were  under  his 
command  when  they  took  part  in  the  siege  of  Sumter.  On  the  6th  June,  1861.  he 
was  appointed  by  General  Evans,  his  brother-in-law,  Second  Lieutenant  in  Lucas’ 
Battalion  of  Artillery,  was  subsequently  promoted  to  First  Lieutenant,  and  on  the 
3d  of  January,  1862,  was  made  Captain  of  Company  A.  In  the  course  of  his  brief 
career  he  displayed  the  greatest  efficiency  as  a soldier,  and  gave  the  highest  satis- 
faction to  his  commanders.  He  commanded  the  batteries  at  Grimball’s,  where  he 
assisted  materially  in  the  capture  of  the  Isaac  R.  Smith,  and  shared  in  the  obstinate 
defence  of  Fort  Wagner,  from  the  19th  July  to  the  3d  of  August.  On  the  11th  of 
August,  he  was  sent  back  to  Wagner,  where,  on  the  next  day,  while  in  command  of 
the  guns  on  the  land  face,  he  received  the  wound  which  resulted  in  his  death  on 
the  17th.  He  was  just  permitted  to  complete  his  twenty-third  year. 

Brave  as  his  own  sword — of  a force  of  character  singular  in  one  so  young — an 
enthusiast,  both  as  a soldier  and  a patriot,  vet.  withal  as  gentle  as  a girl — Captain 
Gary  will  not  soon  be  forgotten  by  his  friends,  his  State  or  his  country.” 

W.  A.  LEE, 

Lawyer. 

Mr.  Lee,  one  of  the  best  known  of  Abbeville’s  lawyers,  can  look  with  pride  and 
pleasure  over  an  active  career  of  half  a century.  Born  on  John’s  Island  in  1S26.  he 
finished  his  education  at  Erskine  College,  where  he  graduated  in  1843.  He  taught 
school  for  some  time  and  meanwhile  devoted  considerable  time  to  the  study  of  law. 
which  he  afterwards  pursued  in  the  office  of  Thos.  Thompson,  being  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1847,  at  Columbia.  He  then  comm  need  the  practice  of  his  profession 
in  this  town.  For  many  years  his  firm  was  known  as  Martin  & Lee,  afterwards  as 
Marshall  & Lee,  then  Marshall,  Lee  & DeBruhl,  and  still  later  as  Orr  & Lee.  He 
now  practices  in  partnership  with  Mr.  Blake  who  attends  to  the  affairs  of  the  firm  in 
Greenwood.  His  specialty  is  real  estate  law,  but  his  knowledge  in  all  branches  of 
the  profession  is  admittedly  profound.  Apart  from  his  law  business  Mr.  Lee  has 
also  been  engaged  in  other  lines.  For  20  years  he  edited  the  Press  and  Banner, 
which  was  then  one  of  the  leading  journals  of  this  section.  In  polities  he  also  played 
his  part,  and  before  the  war  was  elected  to  the  Legislature  for  the  unexpired  term  of 
Col.  Perrin.  In  1865  he  was  a member  of  the  convention  and  in  1865-66  held  a 
seat  in  the  House  of  Representatives.  In  the  late  war  he  served  in  Virginia  as  Lieu- 
tenant in  the  Second  Rifles,  in  Bratton’s  Brigade.  Mr.  Lee  in  devoting  dimself  to 
business  is  a credit  alike  to  the  community  and  the  profession. 

R.  M.  HADDON  & CO., 

Millinery,  Dress  Goods,  Etc. 

The  above  house,  established  in  1877.  has  continued  to  grow  till  it  takes  a 
leading  part  in  the  march  of  progress  in  the  upper  part  of  the  State.  The  premises 
are  spacious  and  well  adapted  to  business,  18x80  feet,  and  the  stock  averaging  from 
810,000  to  815,000  is  neatly  arranged  in  the  various  handsome  show  cases  and  on  the 
long  counters.  The  millinery  goods  are  exquisite,  and  this  branch  alone  would  give 
the  house  an  enviable  reputation.  To  it  is  added  dress  goods  and  trimmings,  buf- 
flings,  laces,  hosiery,  gloves,  etc.;  and  also,  ladies  and  childrens  fine  shoes.  The 
trade,  which  extends  over  the  State  and  into  Georgia,  is  rapidly  increasing  and 
necessitates  the  employment  of  six  competent  hands.  Mr.  R.  M.  Haddon,  the 
head  of  the  firm,  is  a native  of  Abbeville  and  one  of  her  most  wide-awake  business 
men.  In  the  war  he  served  in  the  State  troops  and  is  a member  of  the  Knights  of 
Honor.  He  is  ably  assisted  by  Mrs.  Haddon.  his  wife  and  partner,  in  the  various 
duties  incumbent  on  such  a large  business.  Mrs.  Haddon  was  born  and  raised  in 
Springfield,  Va. ; was  left  an  orphan  when  quite  young,  both  parents  dying  before 
she  was  six  years  old.  She  had  two  brothers  to  who  she  was  devoted.  At  the 
breaking  out  of  the  war,  or  soon  after,  they  volunteered  and  went  into  the  Confed- 


State  op  South  Carolina. 


i37 


erate  army;  were  members  of  “Stonewall”  Jackson’s  brigade,  aged  14  and  16  years. 
One  was  killed  at  the  second  battle  of  Bull’s  Bun,  the  other  died  soon  after  in 
Richmond.  Their  property  was  all  swept  away,  and  she,  Mrs.  H.,  was  left  home- 
less and  penniless  in  the  world. 

Having  too  proud  a heart  to  accept  the  charity  of  her  friends,  she  at  once  went 
to  Baltimore  to  learn  the  millinery  trade  or  business,  by  which  she  could  make  her 
own  living.  After  paying  her  board  for  IS  months  and  working  for  nothing,  she 
soon  realized  that  her  efforts  had  not  been  in  vain.  From  Baltimore  she  came  to 
Abbeville.  Although  she  is  Southern  in  birth  and  in  principle;  she  is  proud  to  be- 
long to  that  noble  army  of  working  women  who  are  proving  themselves  a blessing 
to  the  American  people. 

CUNNINGHAM  & TEMPLETON, 

General  Merchants. 

This  house  was  founded  in  1871,  as  White,  Hill  & Cunningham,  who  were  suc- 
ceeded by  Cunningham  & Hill,  and  that  again  by  the  present  firm  in  1874.  Their 
store,  a handsome  2-story  brick  one,  22x80  feet  in  dimensions,  is  centrally  located. 
Their  stock,  valued  at  some  $20,000,  contains  a full  line  of  groceries  and  provisions, 
including  fresh  China  teas  and  Brazilian  coffees,  New  Orleans  standard  sugars  and 
molasses,  East  Indian  spices,  leading  brands  of  Minnesota  and  Western  flour,  butter 
and  cheese,  direct  from  the  factory,  fresh  bacon,  meats  and  provisions  generally, 
canned  goods  and  table  delicacies  in  all  their  variety,  etc.  A good  stock  of  hard- 
ware, agricultural  implements,  and  general  plantation  supplies  is  constantly  on 
hand,  and  a large  quantity  of  Charleston  and  Baltimore  fertilizers  also  handled  in 
the  season.  The  business  necessitates  the  employment  of  two  clerks,  and  a wagon 
is  likewise  kept  in  constant  use.  In  January,  1883,  they  opened  a branch  store  at 
Verdery,  about  10  miles  from  Abbeville,  where  they  employ  two  clerks,  arid  the 
first  year  did  a business  of  over  $8,000.  The  individual  members  of  this  house, 
Mr.  James  R.  Cunningham  and  Wm.  A.  Templeton,  are  both  natives  of  Abbeville, 
and  rendered  their  quotum  of  service  to  the  Confederate  cause  ; the  first  joined  the 
Seventh  Regiment  in  April,  1861,  retired  on  account  of  ill  health,  and  at  the  end 
of  the  war  was  in  a cavalry  regiment;  the  latter  was  in  the  Fifteenth  South  Caro- 
lina, and  after  being  wounded  acted  as  courier  to  Gen.  Kennedy,  commander  of 
Kershaw’s  old  brigade,  and  has  been  many  years  chairman  of  the  board  of  school 
trustees  of  this  township.  These  gentlemen  enjoy  a high  reputation  in  the  com- 
munity, and  their  house  takes  a leading  place  among  the  mercantile  enterprises  of 
this  section. 

A.  M.  HILL  & SONS. 

A representative  man  in  this  community  and  one  long  identified  with  it  is  Mr. 
A.  M.  Hill,  who  established  in  1869,  enterprises  which  are  a benefit  to  Abbeville. 
Taking  them  in  order,  we  find  a mercantile  establishment  from  which  a good  trade 
is  done  in  heavy  groceries,  wines,  liquors  and  cigars.  The  premises  are  centrally 
located  in  a substantial  brick  building,  25x160  feet  in  extent,  and  the  stock  $7,000 
to  $8,000,  is  being  constantly  replenished.  Though  everything  in  the  establishment 
is  complete,  the  saloon  calls  especially  for  mention,  as  it  furnishes  in  choice  excel- 
lence the  leading  brands  of  European  and  Californian  Wines,  Irish  and  Kentucky 
whiskies,  fine  French  brandies,  English  ales  and  American  brewed  beer,  to  which 
complete  list  is  added  all  varieties  of  the  best  seltzer  and  mineral  waters.  The 
hotel,  which  occupies  the  most  substantial  building  in  town,  has  good  accommoda- 
tion. The  dining  room  is  spacious  and  the  bedrooms,  24  in  number,  are  provided 
with  new  and  elegant  furniture.  There  is  also  a parlor  and  office,  and  the  whole 
equipment,  including  experienced  service  and  carefully  prepared  cuisine,  is  such  as 
to  make  a few  days  stay  pleasant  and  cheerful,  and  a long  residence  comfortable  and 
convenient. 

The  livery,  sale  and  exchange  stable  is  not  behind-hand  in  its  appointments. 
Cleanly  kept  "and  well  ventilated,  there  are  never  less  than  20  horses  in  stock. 


i38 


Town  of  Abbeville, 


while  in  the  busy  season  the  stalls  and  sheds  are  well  filled  and  accommodate  over 
100  head  of  fine  harness  and  saddle  horses  and  strong  mules.  Few  men  understand 
better  the  salient  points  of  a fine  horse  than  Mr.  Hill,  and  none  are  more  correct  in 
making  a sale.  He  also  has  a full  line  of  the  best  makes  of  Ohio  and  Xorth  Caro- 
lina buggies,  and  a similar  selection  of  wagons  from  leading  manufacturers.  Mr. 
Hill  is  a native  of  Abbeville,  and  in  the  late  war  for  four  years,  rendered  service  to 
the  Confederate  cause  in  the  First  South  Carolina  Cavalry,  Company  A.  In  1860, 
he  performed  the  duties  of  census  taker,  and  has  always  been  recognized  in  the 
community  as  one  of  our  public-spirited  citizens.  In  the  multifarious  duties  in- 
cumbent on  his  enterprises,  he  has  been  for  four  years  ably  assisted  by  his  sons  and 
partners,  Mr.  R.  and  Mr.  H.  II.  Hill,  young  and  energetic  merchants. 

JOHN  KNOX  & CO., 

Grocers,  Etc. 

Among  the  prosperous  business  houses  of  this  section,  whose  extensive  opera- 
tions entitle  them  to  our  favorable  consideration,  we  note  with  pleasure  the  one 
above  named,  the  character  and  scope  of  whose  transactions  furnish  a fitting  exam- 
ple of  the  class  of  houses,  whose  success  is  the  best  evidence  we  can  offer  for  the 
claims  of  the  locality  wherein  they  are  situated,  to  the  consideration  of  the  purchas- 
ing public;  This  house  was  originally  founded  in  1840,  as  J.  & X.  Knox,  who  con- 
ducted business  till  the  civil  war,  wherein  Mr.  X.  was  killed.  When  peace  returned 
it  became  known  as  Knox  & Aiken,  later  as  Knox  & Co.,  then  for  several  years  Mr. 
Knox  was  alone,  till  1880,  when  he  took  Mr.  J.  F.  Livingston  into  partnership,  as 
John  Knox  & Co.,  and  in  1882,  Mr.  G.  H.  Moore  joined  the  firm.  The  original 
prestige  of  the  house  has  been  retained  and  the  trade  augmented,  till  it  now  rami- 
fies all  over  the  county.  The  premises  are  26x115  feet  in  extent,  and  occupy  the 
first  floor  and  cellar  of  a centrally  located  and  substantial  brick  building.  The 
stock,  averaging  some  $10,000  in  value,  contains  a full  line  of  staple  and  fancy  groce- 
ries and  provisions,  wines,  liquors,  cigars  and  tobacco,  all  kinds  of  country  produce, 
shoes,  drygoods,  hats  and  caps,  hardware  and  agricultural  implements  and  farmers 
supplies  generally.  The  whole  is  being  constantly  replenished  from  the  leading  whole- 
sale houses,  and  everything  offered  is  exactly  what  it  is  represented  to  be.  The  firm 
gives  employment  to  two  competent  hands,  who  are  like  their  superiors  attentive 
and  polite  to  callers.  The  transactions  run  up  in  an  average  year  to  840,000,  be- 
sides an  important  leather  and  hide  and  a lien  business  of  from  TOO  to  800  bales. 
The  head  of  the  firm,  Mr.  John  Knox,  is  a native  of  Antrim,  Ireland,  and  came  to 
Abbeville  a boy,  and  has  by  industry  and  perseverance,  established  a house  which 
does  credit  at  once  to  himself  and  the  county.  He  is  a Mason,  and  takes  an  active 
part  in  their  proceedings.  The  other  partners  are  natives  of  Abbeville  and  recog- 
nized among  her  trustworthy  merchants.  Mr.  Livingston  for  two  years  filled  the 
office  of  county  commissioner,  is  a Master  Mason,  and  belongs  to  the  Hesperian 
Chapter. 

WARDLAW  & EDWARDS, 

General  Merchandise. 

Among  the  merchants  in  this  county  the  above  house  takes  a place  in  the  front 
rank.  Established  in  1870  its  trade  has  gradually  grown  to  its  present  extent, 
ramifying  all  through  this  and  also  into  the  adjacent  counties.  The  premises  they 
occupy  are  well  arranged  and  consist  of  a two  story  brick  building  23x83  feet  in 
extent,  and  in  the  rear  a large  stone  warehouse  25x60,  the  whole  having  been  this 
spring  much  improved,  making  the  store  an  attractive  and  pleasant  place  to  do 
business  in.  The  stock  averaging  some  $10,000  in  value  consists  of  a full  line  of  sta- 
ple and  fancy  groceries,  teas,  coffees,  fresh  and  smoked  meats,  country  produce,  etc., 
foreign  and  domestic  dry  goods,  boots  and  shoes,  hats  and  caps,  hardware,  agricul- 
tural implements  and  farmers  supplies.  Three  assistants  are  employed  and  two 


State  of  South  Carolina. 


139 


wagons  are  kept.  They  likewise  do  business  in  cotton,  handling  in  the  season  over 
1,000  bales. 

The  members  of  the  firm,  Mr.  A.  B.  Wardlaw  and  Mr.  J.  G.  Edwards  are  both 
natives  of  Abbeville  and  are  recognized  in  the  community  as  reliable  merchants  and 
public-spirited  citizens.  They  both  rendered  service  to  the  Confederate  Cause  in 
McGowan’s  brigade. 

In  conclusion  we  take  pleasure  in  assuring  those  yet  unacquainted  with  the 
advantages  of  this  house,  that  their  interests  can  be  in  no  surer  way  conserved  than 
by  calling  upon  Messrs.  Wardlaw  & Edwards. 

W.  T.  PENNY, 

Druggist. 

As  experienced  a druggist  as  the  above  is  an  acquisition  to  any  community,  for 
without  the  careful  compounding  of  prescriptions,  the  work  of  the  medical  practi- 
tioner would  be  rendered  almost  void.  Dr.  Penny,  the  leading  pharmacist  of  this 
county,  served  an  apprenticeship  in  Branch  & Parker’s  store,  and  at  the  close  of  the 
war,  in  1865,  opened  business  for  himself  almost  in  the  same  location  he  at  present 
occupies.  He  soon  gained  the  extended  patronage  of  the  public  and  in  1872  when 
the  State  made  a law  compelling  all  druggists  to  have  passed  the  board  of  examina- 
tion, he  at  once  resorted  to  Columbia  and  received  his  diploma.  His  trade  has 
gradually  increased  till  his  store  is  well  known  in  every  village  and  hamlet  in  this, 
and  somewhat  in  adjacent  counties.  His  stock  comprises  imported  and  domestic 
drugs  and  chemicals  from  the  manufacturers,  whose  productions  are  standards  of 
purity,  and  it  is  a pleasure  to  know  in  dealing  with  this  store  that  Mr.  Penny  takes 
pride  in  testing  thoroughly  all  new  supplies.  To  the  prescription  department  he 
gives  his  careful  and  undivided  attention  and  fills  physicians  and  family  recipes  with 
promptness  and  dispatch.  The  best  and  latest  proprietary  medicines  are  kept  and 
also  French,  German  and  English  perfumery  and  toilet  articles.  The  doctor  is  a 
native  of  Laurens  County,  and  at  the  outbreak  of  the  war  joined  the  First  South 
Carolina  Cavalry,  being  afterwards  putin  charge  of  the  field  hospital  as  steward.  In 
1877,  ’78  and  ’79  he  was  warden  of  the  town.  He  is  a Master  Mason,  and  belongs 
to  Clinton  Lodge,  No.  3,  and  likewise  to  the  K.  of  H.,  and  is  generally  valued  as  a 
druggist  and  gentleman. 

SEAL,  MclLWABN  & CO., 

Carriage  Builders. 

No  line  of  manufacture  shows  more  marked  advancement  in  the  last  quarter  of 
a century  than  carriage  building,  and  among  the  manufacturers  in  upper  South  Car- 
olina none  stand  higher  than  the  above  mentioned  firm,  which  was  established  in 
1868  by  Mr.  T.  C.  Seal.  He  carried  on  business  for  a few  months  taking  first  in 
partnership  Mr.  Sign  as  Seal  & Sign,  later  the  name  of  Robertson  was  added  to  the 
style  for  six  years,  when  a return  to  the  old  name  took  place,  which  continued  till 
Mr.  Sign  retired.  Mr.  Seal  then  ran  alone  till  the  firm  became  Seal  & Mcllwain, 
and  in  October,  1883,  the  present  firm  was  formed.  The  works,  which  are  provi- 
ded with  modern  conveniences  in  the  way  of  machinery  and  tools,  consist  of  a main 
building,  2-story  frame,  40x80  feet  in  extent:  on  the  first  floor  of  this  is  the  heavy 
wood  working  department  and  in  the  rear  a show-room,  where  from  a full  stock  of 
wagons  and  buggies  purchasers  can  readily  select  something  suitable;  up-stairs  is 
the  trimming  and  painting  shop.  Besides  this  they  have  a store  in  Courthouse 
Square,  where  a large  stock  of  carriage  and  wagon  supplies,  and  a well  assorted  lot 
of  wagon  and  buggy  harness  is  kept.  They  turn  out  in  the  year  over  175  vehicles, 
made  from  carefully  selected  and  well  seasoned  material,  and  from  the  fact  that 
there  is  an  increasing  demand  for  their  goods  all  through  the  upper  part  of  the 
State  is  the  best  proof  of  the  manner  in  which  work,  both  manufacturing  and 
repairing  is  executed,  twelve  competent  and  experienced  hands  being  employed, 


140 


Town  of  Abbeville, 


The  members  of  this  progressive  house,  Messrs.  T.  C.  Seal,  H.  P.  Mcllwain  and  A. 
W.  Smith  are  known  as  experienced  carriage  builders.  The  two  last  were  born  in 
Abbeville,  while  the  first  is  a native  Georgian  and  came  to  this  county  five  years  old. 
In  the  war  he  rendered  good  service  to  the  Southern  cause  in  the  Second  South 
Carolina,  Jenkins  brigade,  Longstreet’s  corps,  being  wounded  at  Second  Manassas. 
He  was  two  or  three  years  warden  of  the  town,  and  is  Past  Master  Mason  and  K.  of 
H.  His  partner,  Mr.  Mcllwain,  also  served  in  the  latter  part  of  the  war  in  Virginia 
as  a member  of  the  same  regiment. 

L.  H.  RUSSELL, 

Sale,  Exchange  and  Livery  Stables,  Grocery  Store,  Saloon  and 

Billiard  Rooms. 

Among  the  successful  men  in  this  county  we  note  Mr.  L.  H.  Russell,  who  car- 
ries on  an  extensive  trade  in  this  and  the  adjacent  counties  of  Anderson,  Edgefield 
and  Laurens.  The  business  was  started  in  1881.  The  stable,  a substantial  brick 
building,  well  ventilated  and  comfortably  arranged,  42x80  feet  in  extent,  can 
accommodate  25  horses  and  in  the  sheds  over  50  mules  are  kept  in  the  season.  The 
stock  is  always  first-class  and  guaranteed  what  they  are  said  to  be,  and  the  sales  will 
average  over  150  head  annually.  In  the  livery  department  a good  stock  of  harness 
and  saddle  horses  and  a fine  set  of  buggies  and  carriages  is  constantly  on  hand,  and 
at  the  public  service.  The  business'  which  is  brisk  all  through  the  season,  necessi- 
tates the  employment  of  two  competent  stablemen,  who  keep  everything  clean  and 
in  nice  order,  and  are  careful  in  attending  to  the  wants  and  comforts  of  the  ani- 
mals. Mr.  Russell  who  is  familiar  with  every  branch  of  the  business  is  a native  of 
this  county,  where  he  is  known  as  one  of  her  most  enterprising  men.  His  grocery 
store,  saloon  and  billiard  rooms  which  lie  lias  been  running  for  twelve  years,  cen- 
trally located  on  the  corner  next  the  Courthouse,  is  supplied  with  a complete  stock 
of  fresh  staple  and  fancy  groceries,  foreign  and  domestic  wines,  best  brands  of 
Irish  and  Kentucky  whiskies,  and  fresh  English  ales  and  American  beer,  and  the 
tables  are  first-class.  He  does  a big  trade  here  and  keeps  two  polite  hands  always 
at  work,  and  altogether  has  a well  appointed  establishment.  In  the  late  war  Mr. 
Russell  served  as  a private  in  the  First  South  Carolina  Infantry,  afterwards  made 
Second  Lieutenant  in  First  South  Carolina  Cavalry,  and  was  accidentally  wounded  at 
Charleston.  He  is  a member  of  the  K.  of  Id.  His  partner  in  the  horse  business, 
Mr.  S.  Wallingford,  attends  to  the  matters  of  the  firm  in  Indiana. 

SPEED  & LOWRY, 

Drug  Emporium.  • 

This  young  and  enterprising  house  was  originally  established  in  1882  as  L.  T. 
Hill.  It  became  in  September,  1883,  Hill  & Lowry,  and  in  December  last  Mr. 
Speed  bought  out  the  first  named,  since  when  they  have  continued  a prosperous 
career  under  the  present  style  and  name.  The  store,  which  has  an  attractive  front 
of  25  feet,  and  depth  of  70,  is  furnished  in  modern  style,  and  contains  a stock 
valued  at  about  12,500.  This  embraces  a full  line  of  imported  and  domestic  chem- 
icals and  drugs,  toilet  articles,  perfumery,  etc.,  besides  a complete  supply  of  the 
best  known  proprietary  medicines.  They  also  manufacture  several  articles,  their 
harmless  preparation  of  C.  C.  C.  being  largely  sold  and  has  never  failed  in  a single 
instance  to  completely  cure  malarial  attacks,  intermittent  and  remittent  fevers, 
dumb  chills  or  chills  and  fever.  The  enterprising  owners  of  the  establishment, 
Mr.  P.  B.  Speed  and  Mr.  S.  L.  Lowry  are  known  to  the  community  as  trustworthy 
druggists.  The  first  is  a native  of  Abbevile,  and  the  second  of  York  County,  and 
passed  the  examination  in  April,  '83,  before  the  South  Carolina  Pharma.  Board. 

SAMUEL  C.  CASON, 

Attorney  at  Law. 

Mr.  Samuel  C.  Cason  is  a young  lawyer  of  the  Abbeville  bar,  having  been  prac- 
ticing about  seven  years.  He  was  born  in  this  county,  and  educated  principally  in 


State  oe  South  Carolina. 


141 


the  schools  of  Abbeville.  He  is  a graduate  however  of  Moore’s  Business  Univer- 
sity of  Atlanta,  G-a.,  and  attended  for  a while  the  Washington  and  Lee  University 
of  Lexington,  Va. 

Mr.  Cason  came  to  the  bar  when  it  was,  perhaps  at  its  best,  there  being  at  that 
time,  in  full  practice,  some  of  the  first  lawyers  of  the  State,  amongst  whom  were 
Mr.  A.  Burt,  Gen.  S.  McGowan,  now  associate  justice  Supreme  Court,  Thomas 
Thomson,  who  became  a Circuit  Judge,  J.  S.  Cothran,  at  present  one  of  the  Cir- 
cuit Judges,  and  others. 

Mr.  Cason  read  law  with  Messrs.  Perrin  & Cothran,  finishing  his  course  with 
Mr.  A.  Burt.  He  has  devoted  most  of  his  time  to  the  civil  practice  of  his  profes- 
sion, and  built  up  for  himself  a comfortable  practice.  Mr.  Cason  so  far,  has 
eschewed  politics,  giving  his  attention  particularly  to  his  law  business.  He  has 
argued  a number  of  cases  in  the  Supreme  Court,  and  pursues  his  profession  with 
earnestness  and  diligence. 

J.  C.  ICLUCH, 

Attorney. 

Oue  of  the  rising  lawyers  of  this  county,  was  born  at  Cokesbury,  30th  April, 
1857,  and  prepared  for  college  at  the  famous  academy  of  his  native  town.  He  grad- 
uated from  Wofford  College,  in  1877,  and  for  three  years  was  engaged  in  school- 
teaching. He  was  till  1879,  principal  of  Greenwood  Academy,  and  in  the  fall  of 
that  year,  was  called  to  occupy  a chair  at  the  South-Western  University,  George- 
town, Texas,  his  varied  knowledge  making  him  at  home  in  the  multifarious  duties 
incumbent  on  the  position.  In  1880  he  returned  to  his  native  State,  commencing 
the  study  of  law  with  Judge  Thompson,  continued  at  the  University  of  Virginia, 
and  received  the  degree  of  B.  L.  from  here  in  June,  1881.  In  December 
following  he  was  admitted  to  the  bar  of  South  Carolina,  immediately  began  prac- 
tice in  Abbeville,  and  has  gradually  worked  himself  into  a considerable  business, 
mostly  in  this  county,  but  also  has  a few  patrons  in  the  adjacent  territory.  A well 
read  lawyer,  a good  scholar  and  a hard  worker,  he  has  already  successfully  conducted 
several  important  cases,  mostly  in  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas.  Careful  of  his  cli- 
ents interest  and  all  work  submitted  to  him  he  has  deservedly  gained  the  public 
confidence. 

MARSHALL  P.  DeBRUHL. 

One  of  the  successful  lawyers  at  the  Abbeville  bar,  was  born  and  raised  in  this 
county.  He  studied  law  with  Judge  Thompson,  continuing  in  the  office  of  W.  A. 
Clarke,  of  Columbia,  and  was  admitted  on  5th  May,  1876.  On  the  1st  January  fol- 
lowing he  commenced  practice  in  Abbeville.  He  has  been  Trial  Justice  since  1st 
December,  1878.  He  is  secretary  of  the  County  Club  and  member  of  the  Democratic 
Executive  Committee. 


L.  T.  HILL,  Me  D. 

A rising  and  popular  physician  of  Abbeville,  was  born  in  Edgefield  County, 
and  after  receiving  a good  literary  education  at  the  schools  of  his  native  State  en- 
tered the  University  of  Maryland  as  a medical  student.  He  here  diligently  pursued 
the  study  of  the  various  branches  of  the  science  necessary  to  make  a competent 
practitioner,  and  graduated  M.  D.  in  1882.  Since  then  he  has  been  practising  in 
this  county  and  his  skill  as  a surgeon  and  general  practitioner  has  gained  for  him  a 
wide  reputation  among  a large  and  steadily  growing  circle  of  patrons.  Conversant 
with  all  forms  of  disease  and  with  all  surgical  operations,  he  has  given  much  time 
to  study  more  especially  of  the  eye  and  ear,  and  the  ailments  of  women;  among 
his  many  successes  in  this  line,  perhaps  his  greatest  triumph,  was  in  the  removal  of 
a splinter,  which  had  been  40  years  imbedded  in  a lady’s  ear,  relieving  her  at  once 
of  a life-long  torture.  He  enjoys  the  distinction  of  being  an  indefatigable  worker, 
careful  of  his  patients  and  prompt  in  attending  to  all  calls  made  upon  him.  He  is 


142 


Town  of  Abbeville, 


a member  of  the  county  Medical  Society,  and  has  taken  already  11  degrees  in  Ma- 
sonry, and  also  belongs  to  the  K.  of  II. 

H.  D.  WILSON, 

Dentist. 

The  dental  profession  in  Abbeville  is  represented  by  Dr.  Wilson,  who  has 
gained  a wide  reputation  for  his  skill.  He  served  his  apprenticeship  from  ’68  to  'TO 
in  Macon,  Geo.,  with  Dr.  McKellar,  one  of  the  most  noted  dentists  of  his  day,  and 
afterwards  continued  the  study  and  practice  at  Philadelphia  Dental  College,  gradu- 
ating from  there  in  1873,  since  when  he  has  had  rooms  in  Abbeville,  wherefrom  the 
commencement  he  has  enjoyed  a steadily  increasing  and  now  large  business.  His 
nicely  furnished  rooms,  located  over  the  Postoffice,  are  provided  with  every  conven- 
ience for  carrying  on  business,  while  his  work  is  in  all  branches  good  and  seldom 
fails  to  please  patrons.  He  was  born  in  Abbeville,  in  1848,  and  educated  partly  in 
Georgia  and  partly  in  this  county.  He  is  a member  of  the  State  Dental  Society, 
Mason,  3 A.  F.  M.,  and  Past  Dictator  of  the  K.  of  H.  In  business  he  is  ably  as- 
sisted by  his  nephew  and  partner,  Mr.  E.  L.  Wilson. 

The  doctor  is  the  inventor  of  Wilson  Patent  Head  Rest,  for  use  specially  in 
railroad  cars,  affording  a convenient  and  movable  rest  for  the  head,  so  often  desired 
to  travelers.  It  weighs  about  half  a pound  Rnd  can  be  carried  in  the  pocket,  is 
strong,  unbreakable,  neatly  finished  and  ornamental.  It  will  shortly  be  introduced 
and  retailed  at  alow  figure. 

W.  S.  COTHRAN  & CO., 

Druggists. 

Among  the  more  recently  established  businesses  in  this  county,  that  of  W.  S. 
Cothran  & Co.  deserves  special  mention.  It  was  opened  on  the  1st  October.  1883. 
since  when  it  has  come  to  occupy  a prominent  place  among  its  contemporaries.  The 
store,  20x65  feet,  is  neatly  arranged  and  nicely  fitted  with  modern  improvements. 
The  stock  at  all  times  complete,  averaging  83,000  in  value,  and  being  constantlv 
replenished  from  the  best  makers,  contains  the  purest  drugs  and  chemicals,  and  the 
show  cases  display  a goodly  array  of  fancy  and  toilet  articles  and  perfumery,  and  all 
the  latest  proprietary  medicines.  To  the  prescription  department  careful  attention 
is  given.  Their  customers,  whose  number  is  constantly  increasing,  are  from  the 
best  families  all  over  the  county.  They  also  manufacture  and  have  a large  sale  for 
their  cough  syrup,  which  for  cold,  bronchitis,  whopping  cough  and  all  diseases  of 
the  throat  and  lungs,  has  not  its  equal.  The  individual  members  of  the  firm, 
Messrs.  W.  S.  Cothran  and  J.  T.  Lyon,  are  both  natives  of  Abbeville.  The  first  is 
recognized  as  among  the  most  enterprising  of  the  county’s  men,  and  latter  is  an 
experienced  druggist,  having  been  fifteen  years  in  the  business  before  the  war.  and 
like  his  partner,  is  known  as  a reliable  business  man. 

J,  F.  C.  DuPRE, 

County  Sheriff. 

The  position  of  Sheriff,  one  of  the  most  trying  and  arduous  of  county  offices  is 
at  present  filled  in  Abbeville  by  Mr.  J.  C.  DuPre,  who  was  born  in  Anderson  coun- 
ty, on  the  1st  of  August,  1831.  At  an  early  age  he  learned  the  trade  of  a black- 
smith, and  on  coming  to  Abbeville  in  1845,  he  carried  on  this  business  along  with 
farming,  till  he  reached  20  years  of  age.  He  then  entered  a store  in  Lownesville, 
and  in  9 years  bought  out  his  employer,  conducting  a prosperous  business,  till  the 
war,  when  he  was  placed  on  detached  service,  doing  good  work  for  the  true  cause  in 
this  State.  When  peace  returned  he  settled  in  Georgia  for  eighteen  months,  and 
came  back  to  Abbeville  Courthouse,  and  after  three  years  clerking,  was  appointed 
County  Treasurer  in  1871,  filling  this  responsible  position  two  years.  He  returned 


op  South  Carolina. 


143 


to  mercantile  life,  and  in  1874,  was  elected  School  Commissioner,  serving  one  term, 
and  again  took  to  merchandising  till  1878,  when  appointed  to  fill  the  unexpired 
term  of  the  retiring  Sheriff.  That  he  is  well  suited  to  the  post  is  shown  by  his 
re-election  in  1880,  since  when  lie  has  ably  discharged  the  duties  of  the  office,  being- 
possessed  of  those  qualities  of  prowess,  courage  and  firmness  necessary  for  carrying 
out  successfully  the  too  often  disagreeable  business  of  the  situation.  He  is  a Mason 
of  the  Blue  Lodge,  Chapter  Commandery,  and  K.  T.,  and  also  a K.  of  II.  He  was 
delegate  to  the  Columbia  Convention,  and  is  member  of  the  Democratic  County 
Club.  He  has  represented  from  one  to  five  insurance  companies  for  17  years,  and 
now  is  doing  a large  business  for  the  JSTew  York  Underwriters,  Niagara,  Germania 
and  Georgia  Home. 

J.  W.  PERRIN, 

County  Treasurer. 

This  position  calls  for  a man  of  sterling  integrity,  careful  and  exact,  and  having 
knowledge  of  the  best  methods  of  keeping  accounts.  These  qualities  the  present 
incumbent  has  shown  himself  to  possess,  and  has  consequently  held  the  office  con- 
tinuously since  his  first  appointment  in  1876,  and  has  always  ably  discharged  the 
onerous  duties  of  the  situation.  Mr.  Perrin  was  born  in  Abbeville,  and  graduated 
from  South  Carolina  College  in  1853.  He  studied  law  with  McGowan  & Perrin  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  ’56.  He  did  not  practice  the  profession,  but  carried  on 
planting  till  the  outbreak  of  the  civil  war  when  he  joined  Orr’s  Rifles,  in  Gregg’s 
Brigade,  in  Virginia  and  North  Carolina,  serving  part  of  the  time  as  Quartermaster. 
Returning  home  he  continued  cotton  farming  till  appointed  to  his  present  position 
by  Governor  Hampton.  In  that  year  he  was  commissioner  of  elections,  being  ap- 
pointed to  this  position  by  Moses,  when  his  party  carried  the  county.  He  was  a 
member  of  the  State  Convention  in  ’78,  and  in  ’82  and  ’83  filled  the  position  of  In- 
tendant  of  the  town.  Col.  Perrin  is  an  influential  Mason  and  was  elected  Grand 
Dictator  of  the  Grand  Lodge  of  the  State  in  1882,  and  is  sitting  Past  Grand  Dic- 
tator, and  was  Supreme  Representative  at  Baltimore  in  ’82,  and  Galveston  in  ’83. 
He  is  also  a member  of  the  K.  of  II.,  and  generally  bears  a high  name  in  the  com- 
munity. 

M.  C.  ZEIGLER, 

County  Clerk. 

The  above  official  was  born  in  Barnwell  Co.  in  1830,  and  graduated  from 
Cokesbury  Academy  in  1849.  He  removed  to  Abbeville  and  married  in  this  county, 
the  outbreak  of  the  civil  war  finding  him  a prosperous  farmer.  He  joined  the  Hol- 
combe Legion,  Evans’  Brigade,  serving  as  Captain  of  Company  F.,  considered 
wherever  it  moved  one  of  th'e  most  efficient  companies  of  the  brigade  and  manned 
with  the  finest  body  of  men.  He  was  present  at  the  most  important  battles  of  the 
war,  mostly  in  Virginia,  but  also  in  Georgia,  Mississippi — being  at  Vicksburg — and 
in  North  Carolina.  He  commanded  the  Holcombe  Legion  at  Kingston,  N.  C.,  in 
the  celebrated  fight  of  Evans’ Brigade  against  Foster’s  whole  army,  just  landed  from 
the  coast  of  North  Carolina.  At  Second  Manassas  he  was  wounded  and  promoted 
on  the  field  to  Major,  and  at  Stoney  Creek,  with  50  men,  he  engaged  the  whole  of 
Kantz’s  division  of  cavalry  and  kept  them  at  bay  half  the  day.  Returning  to  Ab- 
beville he  continued  farming,  taking  an  active  part  in  the  redemjflion  of  the  State, 
and  in  ’76  was  elected  clerk  and  re-elected  in  1880.  Socially  and  politically  popular, 
no  man  is  more  zealous  in  the  performance  of  the  work  or  in  carrying  out  the  plans 
of  a county  office.  Capt.  Zeigler  is  also  a member  of  the  Masonic  Order,  and  a 
Royal  Arch  and  Select  Council  Mason. 

J.  FULLER  LYON, 

The  present  incumbent  of  the  office  of  Probate  Judge  of  Abbeville,  was  born 
in  this  county  1st  April,  1842,  and  was  educated  at  Ashbury  Academy.  For  many 
years  he  conducted  a cotton  farming  and  mill  business  in  the  county,  and  came  to 


144  Town  op  Abbev±Ll£, 


Abbeville  when  elected  to  his  present  position  in  1876;  he  ha3  since  been  re-elected 
and  re-appointed  every  two  years,  the  best  proof  of  his  having  performed  the  duties 
of  this  responsible  office  to  the  satisfaction  of  all.  He  studied  law  with  Mr.  S.  C. 
Cason,  of  this  town  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  December,  1883,  and  is  therefore, 
besides  attending  to  the  functions  of  his  office,  carrying  on  practice  as  a lawyer.  In 
the  late  war,  Mr.  Lyon  took  an  active  part,  rendering  gallant  service  to  the  Confed- 
erate cause,  for  the  first  12  months  in  Company  C,  Seventh  South  Carolina  Infan- 
try, in  Virginia,  as  a non-commissioned  officer,  and  then  for  three  years  was  in 
Company  H,  Nineteenth  S.  C.,  Manigault’s  Brigade,  being  promoted"  for  merito- 
rious services  to  rank  of  First  Lieutenant.  Near  Atlanta  on  28th  July,  1864,  he 
lost  his  left  arm.  Mr.  Lyon  has  ever  .taken  part  in  politics,  and  for  two  years  filled 
the  position  of  President  of  the  Abbeville  Democratic  Club.  He  is  also  a Mason,  Roval 
Arch  and  Council,  and  Past  Master  of  Clinton  Lodge  and  Past  Dictator  of  the  K. 
of  II.  He  is  a prominent  member  of  the  Methodist  Church  at  Abbeville  Station,  is 
Chairman  of  the  Board  of  Stewards,  and  has  been  repsesentative  several  times  to 
the  Annual  Conference  from  Cokesbury  District,  and  is  likewise  one  of  the  District 
Centenary  Committee.  He  marrie  l 2Lst  November,  1866,  Mrs.  M.  Louis  Delph, 
and  has  a family  of  four  children. 

J.  T.  PARKS, 

Mho  at  present  fills  the  part  of  Auditor  in  Abbeville  County,  was  born  in  Lincoln. 
Ga.,  in  1829.  He  received  a good  education  at  Goshen,  Ga.,  and  later  at  Greenwood 
Academy.  He  carried  on  mercantile  and  farming  business  at  Greenwood,  and  at  the 
outbreak  of  the  war  enlisted  on  17th  April,  1861,  in  the  Second  South  Carolina 
Regiment,  Kershaw’s  Brigade,  as  Lieutenant  Co.  F,  at  first  Manassas,  Seven  Daws, 
Petersburg  and  other  battles.  He  afterwards,  on  account  of  bad  health,  returned 
home,  but  soon  joined  the  Marion  Artillery,  serving  on  the  coast  till  the  evacuation 
of  Charleston,  and  was  present  at  Johnston's  surrender  at  Greensboro'.  Alien  peace 
returned,  he  continued  at  his  former  avocations  in  Greenwood  till  four  years  ago, 
when  he  was  appointed  to  his  present  place  and  was  re-appointed  at  the  expiration 
of  his  term.  An  efficient  officer,  he  is  always  obliging,  and  besides  attending  to  the 
duties  of  the  position,  does  a considerable  insurance  business  for  the  Continental, 
which  he  has  represented  two  years.  He  was  master  of  Greenwood  Lodge  ten  vears 
and  is  a Royal  Arch  and  Counsel  Mason,  and  also  belongs  to  the  K.  of  11. 

THOS.  WScGETTiCAN, 

Palmetto  Saloon. 

Among  the  more  recently  established  businesses  in  Abbeville,  the  above  is  de- 
serving of  mention.  Mr.  McGettigan.  who  recently  came  to  this  town  from  Ander- 
son, started  in  January,  1883,  his  present  enterprise,  which  is  a credit  alike  to  the 
city  and  himself.  His  saloon  is  newly  furnished  and  well  stocked  with  all  kinds  of 
wines,  liquors  and  cigars,  fine  Bordeaux  and  California  wines,  best  brands  of  Irish 
and  Kentucky  whiskies,  first-class  French  brandy,  fresh  English  and  American  ales 
and  beer,  and  a full  line  of  seltzer  and  mineral  waters,  Havana  and  domestic  cigars. 
The  stock,  which  will  average  some  85.000  in  value,  is  being  constantly  replenished 
from  the  most  reliable  wholesale  houses.  The  Palmetto  House,  large  and  spacious, 
is  in  Washington  street.  The  establishment  is  well  kept  and  forms  a pleasant  place 
to  spend  leisure  hours  in.  The  service  is  good,  the  proprietor  only  engaging  -killed 
and  competent  help.  Mr.  McGettigan,  who  is  himself  a native  of  Donegal.  Ireland, 
came  to  the  United  States  in  1870.  He  remained  in  New  York  some  time,  then 
came  south  to  Atlanta,  and  later  came  to  Anderson.  He  is  an  experienced  man  in 
his  line  of  business,  agreeable  to  have  dealings  with,  and  withal  a valuable  addition 
to  the  mercantile  interests  of  the  town. 

COSViMERCEAL  HOTEL. 

Mrs.  Coogler,  proprietress.  Headquarters  for  drummers.  First-class  cuisine 
and  accommodations.  Rates,  82.00  per  day. 


SPARTANBURG,  S.  C. 


Morgan’s  Monument.  Town  Hall.  Court  House. 

PUBLIC  SQUARE. 


HISTORY. 

The  upper  part  of  South  Carolina  was  an  unknown  land  to  the  first  settlers  that 
came  to  our  coast  regions,  and  it  was  a long  time  before  the  forests  and  Indians  began 
to  yield  to  Anglo-Saxon  aggression  and  supremacy.  About  the  year  1670  settle- 
ments were  first  made  at  Port  Royal  and  soon  after  that  at  Charleston,  hut  for  fifty 
years  little  progress  was  made  in  the  interior.  The  twTo  Carolinas  being  included  in 
one  colony,  settled  under  one  charter,  the  settlements  in  the  upper  part  of  the  State 
were  made  from  the  northern  colonies,  hence  you  will  find  the  names  of  old 
families  in  Spartanburg  similar  to  those  in  North  Carolina,  Virginia  and  Pennsylva- 
nia. The  coast  settlements  extended  northward  to  old  Cambridge  and  Ninety-Six 
on  the  west  and  to  the  high  hills  of  the  Santee  on  the  east ; consequently  you  will 
find  the  names  of  the  old  families  in  the  middle  regions  of  the  State  similar  to  those 
on  the  coast.  This  difference  in  the  immigrants  that  first  settled  our  State  may 
have  had  something  to  do  in  shaping  the  opposing  opinion  between  upper  country 
and  low  country  that  continued  till  the  war  ; and  even  at  this  late  day  echoes  of  these 
antagonisms  may  be  heard  now  and  then. 

The  early  land  papers  of  Spartanburg  were  recorded  at  the  capital  of  North 
Carolina,  and  this  county  was  once  a part  of  Craven  County,  N.  C.,  while  the  east- 
ern part  of  the  county  and  a portion  of  Union  was  in  Try  on  County.  Even  after  the 
division  of  the  colony  into  North  and  South  Carolina  the  name  of  Craven  was  re- 
tained. All  land  papers  were  then  recorded  in  Charleston.  As  population  began 
to  increase  this  became  very  inconvenient,  and  the  State  was  divided  into  seven  dis- 
tricts with  a courthouse  in  each  one.  This  was  prior  to  the  war  of  1776.  After  this 
was  over  and  peace  was  restored,  another  division  was  made  and  Spartanburg  was  in- 
cluded in  the  old  Pinckney  district,  the  courthouse  being  at  Pinckney  on  the  west 


146 


City  of  Sparta  HBtHtd, 


side  of  Broad  River,  in  what  is  now  Union  County.  In  the  year  1798  the  State  was 
divided  into  twenty-five  (25)  counties  and  Spartanburg  was  laid  off  with  its  present 
boundaries.  The  name  district  was  applied  to  the  divisions  now  known  as  counties 
until  the  revision  of  the  constitution  at  the  close  of  the  war. 

This  county  is  in  the  northern  portion  of  the  State,  bounded  by  Rutherford  and 
Polk  Counties  of  North  Carolina  on  the  north,  York  and  Union  on  the  east,  Lau- 
rens on  the  south,  and  Greenville  on  the  w'est.  The  average  distance  from  north  to 
south  is  thirty-five  miles  and  from  east  to  west  thirty  miles.  Its  area  is  a little  over 
one  thousand  square  miles,  or  about  672,000  acres.  The  surface  varies  from  undu- 
latin°-  or  rolling  plains  to  ragged  and  broken  surfaces.  Geologically  it  belongs  to 
the  primary  formation. 

There  is  no  positive  information  as  to  the  name  of  this  county.  Being  laid  off 
after  the  war  when  the  daring  deeds  and  privations  of  her  people  were  fresh  in  mem- 
ory it  is  supposed  the  name  was  given  on  account  of  the  Spartan  courage  enhibited 
by  the  Whigs  during  the  Revolution.  The  district  we  believe,  was  first  called 
“Spartan”  and  was  finally  changed  to  Spartanburg. 

This  county,  being  settled  in  the  main  by  immigrants  from  Virginia  and  Penn- 
sylvania. it  was  to  be  expected  that  they  would  bring  their  customs  and  industrial 
habits  along  with  them.  Hence  we  see  that  tobacco  planting  was  common  here,  and 
it  was  almost  the  only  money  crop  in  the  first  years  of  the  present  century.  It  will 
be  difficult  to  make  our  posterity  of  the  twentieth  century  believe  that  our  ances- 
tors in  1800  to  1825  rolled  their  leaf  tobacco  in  hogsheads  to  Charleston.  An  axle 
was  inserted  through  the  hogshead  and  shafts  attached,  and  one  horse  would  jog 
aloim-  with  his  load.  In  these  early  days  indigo  was  raised  to  a considerable  extent, 

WATER  POWERS. 

This  county  is  well  watered.  On  the  east  Broad  River  sweeps  along,  the  largest 
river  that  touches  our  county.  Next  comes  one  of  its  tributaries,  Thickety,  a 
stream  that  affords  much  fine  bottom  lands.  Its  sources  are  in  this  county.  Then 
comes  Pacolet,  that  flows  through  the  middle  portion  of  this  county.  This  stream 
has  the  finest  alluvial  lands  in  the  county,  and  furnishes  the  finest  water  powers. 
The  old  Hurricane  Shoals,  now  Clifton,  have  been  noted  for  half  a century  or  more, 
and  then  the  famous  Trough  Shoals,  a historic  place  in  Revolutionary  days,  is 
now  the  seat  of  the  Pacolet  Manufacturing  Company.  The  water  power  here  is 
almost  unbounded.  Lawson's  Fork  and  Fair  Forest,  one  just  east  of  Spartanburg, 
and  the  other  west,  are  noted  little  streams.  Then  in  the  western  half  of  the 
county  are  the  three  Tygers,  which  flow  together  in  the  southern  part  of  the  coun- 
ty and  make  a large  river.  Between  this  county  and  Greenville  is  the  Enoree,  fa- 
mous in  early  history,  and  following  at  Van  Patton's  Shoals  and  Mountain  Shoals, 
water  power  sufficient  for  much  machinery.  The  water  power  of  this  county  alone, 
i/  properly  applied,  would  spin  all  the  cotton  made  in  the  State. 

A chan°-e  has  either  taken  place  in  climate  or  soil.  Seventy-five  years  ago  wild 
vines  and  cane  grew  luxuriantly  in  the  woods.  The  finest  pasturage  was  thus  afford- 
ed. Chestnut  trees  flourished  in  nearly,  all  of  our  forests— now  the  cane  is  confined 
to  the  damp  places  on  water  corners  and  pea  vines  have  disappeared.  The  old  stumps 
and  decaying  logs  show  where  once  the  stately  chestnut  trees  stood. 

Our  soil  seems  equally  suited  to  cotton,  corn,  wheat,  oats,  rye,  barley,  sorghum, 


State  oe  South  Carolina. 


147 


sweet  potatoes  and  garden  vegetables.  Fruits  thrive  well,  and  the  grape  can  be  cul- 
tivated with  great  success.  Clover,  timothy,  blue  grass  and  orchard  grass  all  grow 
well,  but  there  is  some  difficulty  in  getting  a good  stand  of  the  grasses  which  are 
not  native  here.  A great  revolution  has  taken  place  in  the  production  of  cotton. 
Up  to  1866,  very  little  cotton  was  raised  in  the  county  and  in  the  northern  half  to- 
wards the  mountains,  a large  cotton  field  was  a rare  sight.  With  the  introduction 
of  commercial  manures,  which  hasten  the  growth  and  maturity  of  cotton,  came  an 
enthusiastic  effort  to  raise  cotton  everywhere,  even  at  the  base  of  the  mountains. 
Now,  however,  after  several  years  experience,  our  farmers  are  learning  the  true  sys- 
tem of  agriculture,  and  they  are  varying  their  productions. 

The  material  progress  of  our  people  is  marked  by  improved  dwellings  and 
barns,  better  agricultural  implements,  better  churches  and  school  houses,  and  the 
increased  value  of  lands.  Up  to  1860  there  was  much  land  in  the  county  that  could 
he  bought  for  two  dollars  an  acre,  or  less.  Now  there  is  not  a tract  in  the  county 
that  can  be  bought  for  less  than  $4.00  an  acre,  and  the  general  price  of  farming  lands 
with  improvements  on  them,  ranges  from  $8.00  to  $25.00  an  acre,  and  there  is  not 
much  land  for  sale  at  that. 


RAILROADS. 

For  many  years  our  people  hauled  their  produce  to  Charleston,  Augusta  and 
Columbia,  and  the  merchants  bought  their  goods  in  those  cities.  As  soon  as  the 
South  Carolina  Road  was  finished,  to  Columbia,  our  people  began  to  agitate  the 
building  of  a railroad.  The  first  survey  made  was  for  the  Charleston,  Cumberland 
and  Cincinnati  Railway,  and  two  lines  were  run  across  this  county.  Nothing  was 
done,  however,  and  the  talk  of  a railroad  died  out  until  about  the  year  1850,  when 
the  Spartanburg  and  Union  Road  was  brought  to  notice.  After  much  talk  and  leg- 
islation, work  was  commenced  and  the  road  Avas  completed  in  1859.  This  road  runs 
about  thirteen  miles  through  the  county.  The  next  road  undertaken  was  the  Air 
Line  from  Charlotte  to  Atlanta.  This  AA'as  completed  in  1873,  and  runs  across  our 
county  a distance  of  about  forty-eight  miles.  The  Spartanburg  and  Asheville  Road 
was  begun  in  1876  and  was  completed  only  to  Hendersonville;  the  gap  between  that 
point  and  Asheville  remains  to  be  finished.  It  runs  through  the  county  about 
twenty-six  miles.  The  next  road  undertaken  was  the  GreenAvood,  Laurens  and  Spar- 
tanburg Road.  The  grading  is  hoav  completed,  and  the  road  is  expected  to  reach 
Spartanburg  early  in  1885.  It  runs  twenty-seven  miles  in  this  county.  When  this 
is  completed  Ave  Avill  have  about  one  hundred  and  fourteen  miles  of  railway  in  the 
county.  With  tAvo  more  roads  now  chartered  and  in  contemplation,  this  county  Avill 
take  the  lead  in  the  State  in  railroad  facilities. 

CITY  OF  SPARTANBURG. 

After  Spartanburg  District  was  laid  off  it  was  rather  difficult  to  select  a perma- 
nent location  for  the  county  seat.  Court  was  held  at  tAvo  or  three  places,  until  finally 
in  1786  the  county  justices  Avere  ordered  to  meet  the  folloAving  January  and  make  ar- 
rangements for  erecting  a courthouse,  jail,  pillory  and  other  public  buildings.  For 
some  reason  or  other  the  present  site  of  Spartanburg  A\ms  chosen,  and  the  first  court- 
house was  built  in  1787.  From  the  court  records  it  would  seem  that  the  pillory. 


148 


City  of  Spartanburg 


whipping  post  and  stocks  were  important  factors  in  the  correction  of  the  morals  of 
our  forefathers.  In  1827  a better  courthouse  and  jail  were  erected,  and  in  1850  the 
large  courthouse  we  now  have  took  the  place  of  the  old  one. 

Like  all  inland  towns,  Spartanburg  grew  very  slowly.  Its  trade  was  local,  and 
no  manufactures  startled  the  inhabitants  with  the  buzzing  of  machinery.  A few 
stores,  blacksmith  shops,  barrooms — called  groceries  in  those  days — the  town  hotel 
and  doctors’  shops,  as  they  were  then  called,  made  up  the  business  part  of  the  town. 
In  1825  there  “ were  twenty-six  houses,  including  three  law  offices,  one  saddler’s, 
one  tailor’s  and  three  blacksmith  shops,”  according  to  the  statistics  of  Mills.  He 


O.  ENING  OF  THE  ASHEVILLE  AND  SPARTANBURG  KAILKOAD. 

had  reference  to  stores  and  public  houses,  for  he  reports  the  town  at  that  earlv  dav 
as  having  about  eight  hundred  inhabitants.  The  growth  was  very  gradual  for  many 
years.  It  was  not  more  attractive  as  a place  of  trade  than  the  cross-roads  stores,  for 
all  merchants  then  bought  in  the  same  markets  and  had  to  haul  their  goods  in 
wagons.  But  when  people  began  to  look  on  this  place  as  an  educational  centre  it 
increased  in  importance.  The  village  academies  were  ably  managed  for  a number  of 
years  ; and  then  about  the  year  1850  Rev.  Benjamin  Wofford,  a native  of  Spartan- 
burg and  a Methodist  preacher,  left  $100,000  for  the  erection  of  a college  here. 
This  was  completed  and  the  first  classes  began  work  in  1854.  The  location  of  the 
college  here  gave  property  an  upward  tendency  : people  bought  on  speculation  and 
to  build  on  in  order  that  they  might  educate  their  children.  About  the  same  time 
the  old  wooden  stores  began  to  yield  to  brick  and  mortar  and  Spartanburg’s  pros- 
perity was  assured. 

At  the  close  of  the  war  Spartanburg  began  to  look  up  as  a commercial  centre. 
It  soon  became  one  of  the  best  cotton  markets  in  the  up  country.  The  merchants 
were  noted  for  their  enterprise.  The  people  from  six  surrounding  counties  came 


State  oe  South  Carolina. 


149 


here  to  trade.  So  great  was  the  increase  in  business,  that  by  1878  it  was  difficult  to 
rent  a store  or  dwelling  house,  and  stores,  especially  the  smaller  ones,  rented  annu- 
ally for  about  one-third  of  their  cost.  These  high  rates  generated  a building  spirit, 
and  owners  of  lots  began  to  erect  blocks  of  stores,  and,  between  1878  and  1882,  about 
twenty-nine  large  storehouses  were  erected  ; this  overdid  the  thing  a little,  and  the 
consequence  is  that  they  are  not  all  occupied.  In  the  last  five  years  there  has  been 
great  improvement  in  the  erection  of  dwelling  houses,  and  our  town  is  now  noted 
for  the  elegance  and  beauty  of  many  of  its  private  residences.  Thus  it  may  be  seen 
that  our  progress  has  been  gradual  but  real.  Our  people  take  no  backward  steps, 
and  they  feel  that  their  town  is  by  no  means  finished.  With  our  present  railroads 
and  others  under  construction,  the  outlook  for  a steady  increase  in  population  and 
trade  is  most  encouraging. 

Spartanburg  was  incorporated  in  1831,  the  officers  consisting  of  an  Intendant  and 
four  Wardens,  to  be  elected  each  year.  This  act  was  to  remain  in  force  only  four 
years.  In  1835  it  was  re-enacted  with  some  amendments  for  ten  years;  and  again 
in  1845,  for  fourteen  years.  Various  amendments  were  made  to  these  charters  un- 
til 1880,  when  the  charter  was  obtained  for  the  City  of  Spartanburg.  The  first  of- 
ficers elected,  under  the  Act  of  1881,  were  Thomas  Poole,  Intendant;  William 
Trimmier,  R.  M.  Young,  James  E.  Henry  and  James  V.  Miller,  Wardens.  From 
that  date  down  to  the  Act  incorporating  the  place  as  a city,  many  of  our  best  citi- 
zens were  elected  on  the  Town  Council.  G.  W.  H.  Legge,  IJ.  II.  Thomson,  R.  C. 
Poole  and  Jeff  Choice,  are  amongst  some  of  the  officers  who  have  served  their  day 
and  generation  and  passed  away. 

The  charter  granting  city  privileges  extends  the  limits  only  one  mile  from  the 
courthouse,  the  line  being  a circle.  Hon.  J.  S.  R.  Thomson,  was  the  first  Mayor. 
Wm.  C.  Conner,  Ceorge  Cofield,  H.  Montgomery,  E.  H.  Heinitsh  and  A.  J. 
Gwynn,  were  the  first  Aldermen  who  served  from  1881  to  1883,  the  term  of  service 
being  two  years.  At  the  second  election,  in  1883,  Joseph  Walker  was  elected 
Mayor,  and  Jno.  W.  Carlisle,  George  Cofield,  L.  A.  Mills,  John  Boy  den,  colored, 
and  S.  T.  Pionier,  the  Aldermen. 

"Water  is  furnished  for  drinking  purposes  from  wells,  which  is  good  and  health- 
ful, the  temperature  being  from  60  to  62.  Large  cisterns  are  constructed  in  various 
places  for  extinguishing  the  fires.  The  town  is  naturally  drained,  being  rather 
hilly  and  its  condition  is  generally  good  as  to  sanitary  arrangements. 

In  1879  a gas  manufactory  was  erected,  and  the  business  portion  and  many 
private  residences  and  hotels  of  the  town  are  furnished  with  excellent  gas. 

The  health  of  the  place  is  remarkably  good.  No  malarial  diseases  ever  trouble 
us,  and  we  have  only  a limited  share  of  the  ordinary  sickness  incident  to  the  Pied- 
mont belt. 

Like  all  towns,  it  passed  through  the  wooden  age  in  buildings  and  reached 
brick  about  1850.  Then  the  first  brick  stores  were  built  by  degrees,  the  business  portion 
of  our  town  is  all  brick,  a very  few  venerable  wooden  buildings  standing  to  show  what 
sort  of  houses  our  fathers  erected.  The  stores  are  neat  and  substantial  structures 
built  in  modern  style  with  all  the  latest  improvements.  The  rents  for  business 
houses  up  to  1880  were  very  high,  being  for  one  year,  one-third  of  the  whole 
cost  of  the  house.  That  started  a “building  boom”  and  capitalists  did  not  stop 
until  they  erected  about  thirty  new  stores,  with  spacious  rooms,  halls  and  hotels 


150 


City  of  Spartanburg, 


over-head.  This  brought  down  rents  and  caused  some  houses  to  remain  empty,  the 
natural  result  of  over-building. 

The  town  was  not  laid  out  with  any  system  in  the  beginning.  The  main  cross- 
roads were  taken  as  the  principal  streets,  and  the  others  as  they  were  needed  con- 
formed to  these;  consequently,  the  streets  are  not  very  straight,  nor  are  they  of  un- 
iform width.  About  one  mile  has  been  macadamized  in  good  style,  and  this  adds 
much  to  the  comfort  of  the  citizens  in  the  muddy  season. 

The  principal  public  buildings  are  the  courthouse,  cost  $10,000;  stone  Jail; 
Wofford  College,  cost  $50,000;  St.  John’s  College,  $20,000;  Opera  House,  $15,000. 
Besides  these  the  Presbyterian,  Episcopal  and  Catholic  Churches  all  have  houses  of 
worship,  the  aggregate  cost  of  which  is  about  $40,000.  The  Episcopal  Church  is 
made  of  stone  and  is  a neat,  substantial  structure,  which  was  built  bv  the  enerirv 
and  zeal  of  Rev.  J.  D.  McCullough,  who  was  for  mauy  years  rector  of  the 
church. 

Besides  Wofford  College  there  are  several  private  schools  which  are  doing  good 
work,  the  teachers  being  very  competent.  Then  Spartanburg  has  recently  adopted 
the  graded  school  system,  which  opened  the  first  session  the  first  Monday  in  Octo- 
ber, 18S4,  with  about  450  pupils.  'William  S.  Morrison  is  Superintendent.  It  is 
expected  that  this  school  will  soon  be  the  primary  school  of  the  town. 

There  is  no  public  library  at  this  time,  but  Mrs.  L.  C.  Kennedy,  widow  of  the 
late  Dr.  Lionel  C.  Kennedy,  has  given  a most  eligible  lot,  and  a subscription  lias 
been  made  by  liberal  citizens  to  erect  a library.  It  is  expected  that  this  will  be 
finished  in  the  year  1885.  When  complete  the  cost  will  be  about  $G,000. 

The  secret  societies  of  the  place  are  the  Masons,  Odd  Fellows,  Knights  of 
Honor,  Knights  of  the  Golden  Rule  and  Good  Templars.  They  are  all  in  flourish- 
ing condition. 

The  fire  department  is  well  organized.  The  town  has  one  steam  fire  engine, 
one  hand  engine,  one  hook  and  ladder  company,  all  of  which  are  well  officered,  and 
are  equal  to  any  emergency  that  arises.  Their  service  in  these  compa- 
nies is  not  paid  for,  the  members  being  exempt  only  from  street  tax. 

Since  the  “dry  ticket’’  prevailed  here  in  1882,  the  police  have  been  rather  use- 
less. Two  officers  do  the  work,  and  do  it  well.  Besides  doing  regular  police  duty 
they  also  superintend  the  work  on  the  streets.  On  public  days  one  or  two  extra 
men  are  put  on. 

The  telegraph  service  is  good  here,  the  office  being  at  the  Windsor  Hotel. 
There  is  telephone  connection  with  Glendale  and  Clifton,  two  of  our  cotton  facto- 
tories,  and  this  winter  a telephone  will  connect  Cedar  Springs  and  Glenn  Springs 
with  this  place. 

Our  population  has  increased  slowly  and  steadily.  According  to  the  census  of 
1880  it  was  about  3,200.  Since  that  time  there  has  been  a gradual  increase  and  now 
it  would  be  about  3,500.  Then  add  various  settlements  just  on  the  suburbs,  but 
outside  of  the  corporation  line  and  we  will  have  now  about  4,200.  About  two-fifths 
of  this  population  is  colored. 

In  regard  to  our  colored  population  it  may  be  well  to  say  that  many  of  them 
are  owners  of  real  estate.  They  begin  in  a small  way,  but  by  degrees  they  are  ac- 
cumulating property.  Some  of  them  own  neat  cottages  and  their  homes  are  quite 
comfortable.  They  have  their  secret  societies  separate  from  their  white  friends. 


STAfte  0 R SotTH  CAROLINA. 


151 


and  tlieir  churches  are  separate.  They  have  erected  neat  and  commodious  houses 
of  worship  for  the  Methodist  and  Baptist  congregations.  The  Presbyterians  are 
also  working  for  a church.  Only  one  store,  a grocery  store,  is  carried  on  by  a col- 
ored man.  Several  of  the  smaller  enterprises  are  conducted  by  them. 

Property  is  gradually  increasing  year  after  year.  The  valuation  now  for  pur- 
poses of  taxation  is  about  $1,250,000. 

There  is  considerable  city  debt  incurred  for  railroads,  opera  house  and  macada- 
mizing, but  the  interest  is  met  promptly  and  the  principal  paid  off  as  it  falls  due. 
The  financial  condition  of  the  city  is  considered  first-class.  For  want  of  statistics 
the  following  sales  of  crops  are  estimated:  Cotton  35,000  bales;  corn  800,000 

bushels;  wheat  75,000  bushels;  oats  150,000  bushels. 

The  amount  of  merchandise  of  various  sorts  sold  here  is  considerable,  the  prin- 
cipal trade  being  groceries.  The  amount  of  dry  goods  is  considerable,  and  the 
merchants  display  great  taste  as  well  as  enterprise  in  keeping  up  with  the  trade. 
This  branch  of  the  business  alone  amounts  to  a half  a million  of  dollars  each  year, 
while  groceries,  hardware  and  plantation  supplies  is  double  that  amount.  There 
are  two  wagon  and  buggy  factories  which  employ  about  forty  hands.  The  ice  fac- 
tory of  W.  B.  Hallett  & Co.,  is  capable  of  turning  out  six  to  ten  tons  a day,  and  it 
adds  much  to  the  convenience  and  comfort  of  our  citizens.  Our  merchants  do  a 
large  business  in  guano  and  commercial  fertilizers  every  year. 

Not  more  than  one-half  of  the  land  in  the  county  is  in  actual  cultivation. 
Much  of  it  is  in  original  forest.  Of  that  in  cultivation  about  one-half  is  in  cotton 
and  the  other  in  small  grain  and  corn. 

The  minerals  of  the  county  are  iron,  lead,  gold  and  copper.  Iron  is  found  in 
great  abundance,  while  gold  is  found  in  many  localities.  Lead  and  copper  have 
been  found  in  one  place  only.  In  two  places  there  is  blue  limestone  of  a fine  qual- 
ity, and  at  Limestone  Springs,  near  Gaffney  City,  there  are  lime  works  of  considerable 
capacity.  The  quality  of  lime  is  first  rate,  and  the  rock  is  inexhaustib’e  There 
is  also  a fair  quality  of  marble  found  there.  Granite  suitable  for  building  purposes 
is  found  in  several  localities,  and  a coarse  soapstone,  also  suitable  for  building  is 
found.  Taking  the  county  altogether,  it  is  rich  in  minerals  and  only  needs  intelli- 
gent industry  to  bring  out  the  hidden  wealth. 

SPARTANBURG  COUNTY  STATISTICS. 

Agricultural. 

Number  of  acres  planted  in  various  kinds  of  produce  and  yields  thereof  in 
1882: 

Cotton  54,323  acres,  10,701,631  lbs.  of  lint;  corn  62,409  acres,  998,544  bushels; 
oats  17,387  acres,  365,001  bushels;  wheat  22,656  acres,  181,248  bushels,  the  highest 
yield  in  the  State  and  in  this  cereal  lias  increased  the  yield  20 per  cent,  more  than 
any  other  county;  rice  10  acres,  10,038  pounds;  sorghum  187  acres,  14,025  gallons, 
sugarcane  10  acres,  300  gallons;  sweet  potatoes  346  acres,  24,912  bushels;  Irish  po- 
tatoes 120  acres,  17,160  bushels;  peas  360  acres,  6,480  bushels;  market  gardens  210; 
honey  17,510  pounds;  beeswax  671  pounds;  milk  3,131  gallons  sold;  butter  343,304 
pounds  made;  cheese  1,005  pounds  made;  poultry  81,192  raised;  eggs  173,784  dozen 
sold;  apples  2,850  bushels;  peaches  3,941  bushels;  grapes  169  pounds  sold,  35  gallons 


15^  City  of  Spartanburg, 


wine  made;  average  yield  per  acre  of  cotton  is  197  pounds  of  lint;  cost  of  producing 
merchantable  cotton  is  8 cents  per  pound,  or  $40  per  bale  of  500  pounds. 

Fertilizers  used  in  tons  1882 — Ammoniated  3,229;  acid  phosphate  2,134;  chem- 
icals 404;  total  5,767;  in  composting  1,703. 

Wages  paid  male  and  female  farm  laborers  $10  and  $5  per  month.  The  sys- 
tem of  labor  in  use  is  the  tenant  system,  the  laborer  paying  one-half  of  the  crop  for 
use  of  land. 

Amount  of  farm  supplies  purchased  in  1882  was  $423,458,  and  on  time  $262,- 
544.  Cash  and  time  price  of  following  articles  were:  corn  $1.05  and  $1.43  per 

bushel;  bacon  10  cents  and  15  cents  per  pound;  flour  $8.00  and  $11.00  per  barrel; 
meal  $1.00  and  $1.25  per  bushel;  hay  $1.75  and  $2.40  per  100  pounds. 

STOCK  ON  HAND. 

Work  oxen  350;  milch  cows  5,040;  other  cattle  6,047;  sheep  6,674;  lambs  1.905; 
wool  clipped  8,286  pounds;  common  and  merino  suit  this  section  best,  they  are  fed 
only  in  winter,  and  then  only  on  a little  cotton  seed,  as  high  as  5 pounds  of  wool 
per  head  has  been  obtained  and  sold  at  40  cents  per  pound;  annual  cost  of  raising 
sheep  per  head  is  20  cents,  and  the  average  price  obtained  for  unwashed  wool  is  40 
cents;  swine  11,475  head. 

MANUFACTURES  AND  MINES,  1884. 

There  are  in  operation  seven  cotton  mills,  employing  $1,043,000  capital,  consum- 
ing annually  8,410,000  pounds  of  lint,  producing  1,869,275  pounds  of  yarn  and,  16,- 
273,500  yards  of  cloth,  running  37,680  spindles,  945  looms,  employing  1,000  hands, 
increase  in  capital  1884  over  1883  $300,000. 

Fifty  flour  and  grist  mills,  employing  100  hands,  $50,000  capital;  value  of  an- 
nual product  $75,000,  rate  of  toll  fa,  increase  in  last  12  months  15  per  cent. 

Two  foundries  and  machine  shops,  J.  Id.  Cantrell  & Co.,  and  Fowler  & Robin- 
son (see  articles)  ; 20  lumber  mills,  employing  80  hands  ; 60  horses  and  mules  ; 
$15,000  capital ; annual  product  $75,000.  There  are  also  3 brick  yards,  2 tanneries, 
1 lime  kiln,  1 distillery,  employing  in  the  aggregate  about  $16,000  capital  and  40 
hands,  and  having  an  annual  product  about  $30,000  in  value. 

Though  there  are  evidences  and  proofs  of  large  and  rich  deposits  of  iron  ore 
(sulphide  and  brown  oxide),  gold,  copper,  antimony,  bismuth  and  tin,  mining  still 
awaits  the  advent  of  skill  and  capital.  Lands  showing  fine  deposits  near  the  surface 
can  be  purchased  at  from  $5  to  $10  an  acre  and  even  less.  There  is  a soapstone  quarry 
five  miles  south  of  the  courthouse  on  the  Columbia  and  Spartanburg  Railroad  ; the 
stone  is  said  to  be  inexhaustible  and  is  of  extra  fine  quality. 

REAL  ESTATE,  ETC. 

With  assessed  value  of  property  of  $6,137,080  the  county  stands  the  second 
wealthiest  in  the  State. 

Real  estate  not  in  cities,  towns  and  villages — Arable  land  151,686  aires,  val  le 
$936,663  ; meadow  and  pasture  land  248,674  acres,  value  $817,750  : wood  and  un- 
cultivated land  202,172  acres,  value  $943,792  ; buildings  6,503.  value  $51S.565  : 
total  602,532  acres,  value  $2,698,205  ; total  value  $3,216,770.  These  results  are 
among  the  highest  in  the  State,  the  total  value  of  acreage  is  the  highest,  and  in  to- 


State  of  South  Carolina. 


153 


tal  value  of  country  real  estate  the  county  stands  $500,000,  or  about  19  per  cent, 
over  any  other  county  in  South  Carolina. 

Real  estate  in  towns  and  villages  : Number  of  lots  1,126,  value  $321,435  ; build- 
ings 996,  value  $519,165  ; total  value  of  urban  real  estate  $840,600  ; all  taxable  real 
estate  $4,057,370,  in  this  result  is  second  in  the  State.  Total  value  of  personal 
property  $2,444,790,  per  capita  $60.50. 

Railroad  property — Atlanta  and  Charlotte  Air  Line,  44  miles,  $12,500  per  mile, 
total  value  $564,387  (including  fixtures,  etc.,  $4,387).  Asheville  and  Spartanburg, 
$2,200  per  mile,  234  miles;  total  taxable  value  $51,790.  Charlotte,  Columbia  and 
Augusta  $10,500  per  mile,  16£  miles  ; total  taxable  value  $195,415.  Spartanburg, 
Union  and  Columbia,  $4,000  per  mile,  12-J  miles  ; taxable  value  $53,000.  Total  tax- 
able value  of  railroad  property  $864,502 — -in  this  result  it  stands  third  highest  in  the 
State,  Berkeley  and  Richland  preceding  it ; but  with  the  new  railroads  to  Laurens 
and  into  North  Carolina  it  will  soon  take  the  place  as  the  banner  railroad  county  of 
the  State. 

Taxes  in  mills — State  tax  4f,  school  2,  ordinary  county  '2\,  past  indebtedness  1 
mill,  interest  on  railroad  bonds  3,  sinking  fund  2 ; total  15. 


Bo  W.  PAYNE  St  SONS’ 

Automatic  Gat-off  Mm  and  Portal  Eiioes  aafl  Saw  lilts, 


BILLING,  BAKER  & CO.,  - - Spartanburg,  S.  C, 

Sole  Agents  for  North  and  South  Carolina. 


JOSEPH  WALKER,  C.  E.  FLEMING.  JOHN  H.  MONTGOMERY. 


1M 


City  of  Spartanburg. 


REPRESENTATIVE  HOUSES  AND  PROMINENT  MEN 

— OF — 

SPARTANBURG,  S,  C. 


WALKER,  FLEMING  & CO. 

Cotton,  Guano,  Gins,  Engines,  Etc., 
Insurance  Agents. 


Col.  JOSEPH  WALKER,  Mayor. 

By  a careful  examination  of  the  com- 
mercial facilities  enjoyed  in  this  section 
of  the  State,  we  find  that  the  house  of 
Walker,  Fleming  & Co.  is  entitled  to  a 
place  in  the  front  rank  of  South  Caroli- 
na’s representative  mercantile  concerns. 

One  of  the  most  solid  houses  of  Spar- 
tanburg, it  has  from  its  inception  con- 
tinued to  exercise  an  influence  upon 
local  trade  and  industry  of  the  most  sal- 
utary character.  It  was  originally 
founded  in  1866,  by  Jos.  Walker;  in 
1872  the  name  became  Walker  & Flem- 


ing, and  in  1876  the  present  style  was 
adopted.  They  are  extensively  engaged 
in  several  important  lines  of  business. 

They  are  the  largest  cotton  buyers  in 
this  county,  handling  from  6,000  to  10,- 
000  bales,  according  to  the  season.  In 
guanos  they  sell  over  500  tons  annually, 
of  the  best  brands  in  the  market.  In 
machinery  they  carry  a large  stock  of 
gins,  farm  engines,  shafting,  gearing, 
belting,  corn  and  flour  mills,  etc.  They 
are  agents  for  Ames’  & Atlas’  engines, 
Trade  engines,  Russell  saw  mills,  Bren- 
nan, Russell  & Co.,  Hegges’,  Page, 
Threshers,  New  Masellon,  Cardwell, 
Sweepstakes’,  Buckeye  Harvester  Co., 
Champion  Force  Pump,  also  Merriman’s 
guanos. 

In  Insurance  they  represent  some  of 
the  strongest  companies:  The  British 

America,  Continental,  Merchants’,  N.  B. 
& M.,  Norwich  Union,  Scottish  Union 
and  National,  Western,  Transatlantic, 
iEtna. 

Their  store  located  on  the  railroad 
track,  is  26x120  feet  in  dimensions,  is 
well  fitted  up  and  their  office  is  a conve- 
nient one  for  expediting  their  immense 
monetary  transactions.  They  conduct 
their  business  with  a system  and  regu- 
larity such  as  to  command  public  confi- 
dence, and  we  only  reflect  the  general 
sentiment  in  saying,  whoever  may  form 
relations  with  this  house  will  realize  and 
appreciate  the  strict  integrity,  correct 
business  methods  and  promptness  which 
characterize  them  in  all  their  dealings. 

The  individual  members  of  this  solid 
old  firm,  Messrs.  Joseph  Walker,  C.  E. 
Fleming  and  Jno.  H.  Montgomery,  are 


156 


City  of  Spartanburg, 


men  well  known  in  the  mercantile  and 
social  life  of  this  progressive  and  wealthy 
county. 

Col.  Walker  is  a native  of  Spartan- 
burg, and  did  gallant  service  for  the 
Confederacy  in  the  late  war.  He  enter- 
ed as  Captain  in  the  Fifth  S.  C.  Infan- 
try, and  on  the  organization  of  the  Pal- 
metto Sharpshooters,  was  chosen  its 
Lieut-Col.,  and  at  Jenkins’  promotion  in 
July,  1862,  raised  to  the  Colonelcy  of 
that  distinguished  regiment.  He  has 
been  for  many  years  worthy  Mayor  of 
Spartanburg,  and  has  ever  enjoyed  the 
fullest  support  of  an  intelligent  and  ap- 
proving constituency.  He  has  extended 
and  macadamized  the  streets,  widened 
the  sidewalk,  improved  police  and  fire 
departments  and  finished  the  Opera 
House.  He  is  a man  of  liberal  actions 
and  many  charitable  deeds,  of  force, 
courage  and  ability,  and  one  of  the 


county’s  most  respected  and  weighty 
citizens. 

Dr.  Fleming  is  a native  of  Bichland 
county,  graduated  from  S.  C.  College  in 
1855,  graduated  from  the  University  of 
Pennsylvania  in  1857.  He  practised  in 
Laurens  county.  In  1859  he  settled  in 
Spartanburg  and  married  here  in  1862. 
In  the  war  he  was  Surgeon  with  the  22d 
South  Carolina.  He  is  a K.  of  H.,  and 
Elder  in  the  Presbyterian  Church.  Ma- 
jor Montgomery  is  President  of  the  Pac- 
olet  Manufacturing  Co.,  q.  v. 

Conducting  a business  that  adds  no 
little  to  the  good  repute  of  the  com- 
merce of  the  richest  county  of  the  Pal- 
metto State,  this  house  may  be  justly 
considered  a pillar  of  Spartanburg’s 
financial  standing,  a bulwark  of  her  sta- 
bility, and  an  institution  which  will  long 
live  to  promote  the  growing  influence  of 
her  momentous  and  still  greater  future. 


CLIFTON  MANUFACTURING  COMPANY. 


D.  E.  CONVEHSE,  President. 


A.  H.  TWICHELL,  Sec.  and  Treas. 


The  observations  and  experiments  of  many  centuries  have  developed  but  four 
materials  or  sources  of  the  clothing  of  the  race.  Two  of  these,  silk  and  wool,  are  in 
the  animal,  and  two,  linen  and  cotton,  belong  to  the  vegetable  kingdom.  A walk 
across  a Southern  plantation,  and  a calculation  of  the  moderate  amount  of  labor  by 
which  a large  quantity  of  cotton  wool  is  produced,  will  show,  that  when  the  beauty, 
warmth  and  durability  of  the  clothing  manufactured  from  this  staple  are  considered 
in  connection  with  the  ease  with  which  it  is  grown,  the  plant  is  and  must  continue 
to  stand  in  the  front  rank  as  the  material  for  the  clothing  of  mankind.  The  study 
of  the  industry  from  its  anti-historic  advent  in  its  Eastern  home,  is  both  instructive 


State  oe  South  Carolina. 


157 


and  delectable.  Instructive,  in  that  it  shows  the  various  stages  in  the  improved  appli- 
cation of  man’s  mechanical  genius;  delectable,  in  that  it  is  pleasing  to  think  how  much 
easier  is  it  to  make,  how  much  cheaper  can  we  buy  a commodity,  a comfort,  which 
was  almost  a luxury  to  our  grand -parents. 

By  comparing  the  simple  arrangement  of  the  Hindoo  women,  which  is  made  by 
a combination  of  half-a-dozen  bamboo  sticks,  and  ten  fingers  and  ten  toes,  with  the 
rapid  motion  of  the  nimble  spindle,  and  the  regular  working  of  the  ponderous  power 
loom  of  the  factories  of  to-day,  the  strides  of  genius  are  apparent,  and  though  it  is 
not  our  intention  to  explain  the  former,  we  can  at  least  introduce  to  our  readers, 
what  we  may  term  a model  factory  of  modern  times,  the  Clifton  Mill  of  South  Car- 
olina, in  whose  history  and  details  we  solicit  their  attention. 

The  company  was  organized  in  1880,  on  a capital,  now  all  paid  in,  of  $500,000. 
In  May,  1881,  7,000  spindles  were  setTin  motion,  and  the  brilliant  years  for  the  cot- 
ton manufacturing  industry  immediately  following  this  date,  the  mill  entered  on  a 
career  at  once  increasing  and  lucrative,  and  so  gratifying  has  been  its  success,  that 
the  expense  for  improvements  and  extension  in  plant  and  buildings,  amounting  to 
$125,000,  has  been  entirely  met  out  of  surplus  earnings.  In  June,  1882,  the  num- 
ber of  spindles  was  increased  to  17,000,  in  December  of  the  same  year  3,000  were 
added  and  this  year  the  amount  has  been  augmented  to  the  grand  total  of  23,056, 
making  an  aggregate  outlay  of  $625,000.  The  number  of  looms  will  also  be  in- 
creased this  year  by  88,  making  542  in  all,  which  will  make  it  the  second  largest  in 
the  State. 

The  mill  is  located  in  Spartanburg  county,  seven  miles  east  of  the  courthouse, 
one  mile  from  their  own  depot  on  the  Air  Line  Railroad,  and  on  the  Pacolet  River, 
enjoys  one  of  the  finest  water  powers  in  the  country,  for  this  stream,  running  from 
the  mountain  regions  of  North  Carolina,  varies  very  little  in  the  summer  season. 

The  main  building  is  72x412  feet  in  dimensions  and  three  stories  high.  On 
the  first  floor  is  the  weaving  department,  on  the  second  the  carding,  and  on  the  top 
floor  the  spinning,  warping  and  spooling  is  done.  Forming  an  L to  this  building 
is  the  picker  house,  80x100  feet  in  size,  in  the  basement  of  which  is  the  machine 
repair  shop,  and  on  the  upper  floors  the  slashers  and  twisting  frames  are  at  work. 
Next  we  come  to  a 2-story  building,  32x90  feet  in  extent,  used  as  a cloth  room  for 
stamping,  packing  and  preparing  the  goods  for  shipment,  and  the  wash-house  for 
the  storage  of  the  same,  and  further  on  in  a smaller  house  30  feet  square,  is  a 160 
horse-power  steam  engine,  sometimes  used  as  an  auxiliary  in  summer.  The  whole 
of  this  immense  and  awe-inspiring  array  of  the  most  improved  patterns  of  pickers, 
carders,  spindles,  twisting  and  spooling  frames,  power-looms,  etc.,  whose  continuous 
hum  enlivens  the  country  for  miles  around, is  driven  by  two  Hercules  wheels, 400  horse- 
power each,  the  water-head  being  about  20  feet.  There  are  various  other  belongings 
necessary  for  the  completion  of  such  a large  factory,  the  chief  of  which  are:  A 

3-story  building  30x50  feet  in  extent,  at  the  entrance  gate;  the  first  floor  of  this  is 
used  for  storage  and  supplies;  the  second  floor  is  fitted  up  as  neat  and  well  furnished 
officers’  rooms,  and  counting  rooms  for  employes  of  office;  also  two  cotton  ware- 
houses, each  40x85  feet  with  a combined  storage  capacity  for  3,200  bales. 

The  fire  extinguishing  system  is  very  effective  and  complete.  It  consists  of  1,200 
Parmalee  automatic  fire  extinguishers,  40  hydrants,  and  hose  attachments.  The 
system  is  supplied  from  an  80,000  gallon  reservoir,  on  an  adjacent  hill ; the  bottom 
is  60  feet  higher  than  the  top  of  the  mill,  and  connected  with  the  same  are  two  force 
pumps,  400  and  600  gallons  respectively  per  minute,  operated  by  the  Turbine  wheels, 
always  ready  to  launch  water  with  full  force  where  fire  might  appear.  The  mill  is 
considered  by  insurance  men  one  of  the  best  risks  in  the  whole  South. 

On  the  opposite  side  of  the  river  we  have  a corn  mill,  cotton  gin,  wood  work- 
ing shop,  which  are  driven  by  a well  devised  arrangement  of  wire  cable  stretched 
across  the  stream  from  the  Hercules  wheels  above  mentioned.  Some  600  hands  are 
employed,  who  are  divided  into  sets  engaged  on  one  special  branch,  so  that  each 
attains  perfection  in  his  or  her  particular  division  of  labor,  and  the  overseers  of  the 
separate  departments  are  men  thoroughly  bred  in  the  business,  and  each  is  made 


158 


City  of  Spartanburg. 


CLIFTON,  SPARTANBURG  COUNTY. 


S’Iate  of  South  Carolina. 


i5§ 


responsible  to  the  resident  Superintendent  for  any  defect  which  may  occur  in  his 
province. 

The  mill  is  run  upon  brown  goods,  sheetings,  shirtings,  drills  and  twisted  yarns, 
or  three-ply  carpet  warps,  which  form  \ of  the  total  production,  and  are  mostly 
consumed  in  Philadelphia  for  carpet  weaving.  On  the  quality  of  these  goods  we 
need  hardly  comment.  The  production  and  sale  last  year  of  the  enormous  amount 
of  3,850,696  pounds  is  sufficient  and  exclusive  proof  of  their  superiority  and  popu- 
larity, and  this  year  the  figure  will  be  largely  increased.  The  cloths  goods  are 
handled  by  Wheelwright,  Anderson  & Co,  of  New  York,  and  the  lawns  by  0.  H. 
Sampson  & Co.,  of  Boston,  and  through  these  sources  Clifton  cottons  are  used  as 
loin  cloth  by  the  Polynesian  savage,  for  the  pants  of  Asiatic  Mandarins,  or  for 
sowing  rents  in  Texas  cow-boys  garments,  their  market,  in  fact,  is  the  world  and 
knows  no  creed  and  no  nation. 

We  might  here  mention  that  the  company  own  675  acres  of  land  on  which  they 
control  another  improved  water  power  sufficient  for  the  future  to  drive  another 
mill  of  similar  capacity.  They  have  built  110  clean  and  comfortable  factory  houses 
which  are  furnished  free  of  rent  to  the  operatoi’s  and  their  families  who  make  up  a 
nice  little  town  of  1,200  inhabitants.  They,  of  course,  find  further  lodging  in 
several  well  kept  boarding  houses,  and  they  procure  the  necessaries  of  life  at  the 
store,  which  carries  a stock  of  $10,000  worth  of  general  merchandise,  and  is  run 
under  the  auspices  of  the  company.  The  people  also  enjoy  the  free  use  of  a library 
of  200  volumes.  The  school  with  about  100  regular  attendants  the  year  round  is 
mainly  supported  at  the  expense  of  the  company.  The  church  is  sufficient  to  accom- 
modate the  whole  population. 

The  Clifton  Manufacturing  Company  lias  during  the  three  years  of  its  existence 
paid  an  average  dividend  of  4 per  cent,  per  annum,  besides  accumulating  the  surplus 
of  $125,000  already  mentioned,  which  gratifying  results  reflect  creditably  on  the 
financial  ability  and  experienced  management  of  its  officers.  These  gentlemen  are 
Messrs.  D.  E.  Converse,  President,  and  A.  Id.  Twichell,  Secretary  and  Treasurer. 
Both  gentlemen  wore  born  and  reared,  we  might  say,  within  the  round  of  tfie  hum 
of  spindles  and  looms,  both  have  passed  their  lives  in  the  atmosphere  of  a mill  and 
consequently  possess  a knowledge  of  the  manufacture  only  acquired  by  years  of  in- 
dustry, application  and  thought,  combined  with  innate  mechanical  talent,  and  a 
love  for  their  work.  The  first  was  born  in  Vermont,  passed  his  early  life  in  Cana- 
da, and  entered  a wool  mill  when  a boy.  He  was  five  years  in  Cohoes,  New  York, 
and  came  South  in  1855  to  the  Glendale  mill — then  called  Bivingsville — of  which 
establishment  he  sooii  became  part  proprietor,  and  is  at  present  the  principal  owner 
of  it.  He  is  purely  a self-made  man  and  is  endowed  with  that  capacity  for  success- 
fully prosecuting  large  undertakings,  and  the  benefits  he  has  done  the  country  in 
opening  up  its  resources  and  his  success  as  a cotton  miller,  form  a theme  of  favora- 
ble comment  among  the  people  of  this  section.  He  is  a director  in  the  Spartan- 
burg National  Bank,  trustee  in  the  Deaf  and  Dumb  Institute,  possesses  that  easy 
grace  oPmanner  common  to  most  men  at  the  head  of  great  responsibilities.  Mr. 
Twichell  is  a native  of  New  York  Mills,  Oneida  County,  passed  nearly  all  his  life 
in  Cohoes,  and  came  South  in  ’59,  and  is  a partner  in  the  Glendale  factory.  In  the 
late  war  in  the  13th  South  Carolina,  he  rendered  gallant  service  to  the  Confederate 
cause,  has  exer  been  identified  with  the  advancement  of  this  community  where  he 
has  many  appreciative  friends.  Thoroughly  systematic  and  attentive  to  details,  he 
is  eminently  suited  to  his  post  in  this  extensive  establishment. 

GLENDALE  COTTON  MILL. 

D.  E.  Converse  & Co.  D.  E.  Converse,  President;  A.  H.  Twichell,  Sec- 
retary and  Treasurer. 

Though  this  mill  cannot  boast  of  the  size  of  its  ponderous  associate,  it  com- 
mands the  respect  due  to  age.  It  was  established  in  1835,  being  then  called  Biv- 
ingsville. The  original  building,  now  used  as  an  outhouse,  in  tolerable  preservation. 


160 


City  of  Spartanburg, 


is  still  shown.  Fifty  years  ago  this  was  one  of  the  largest  mills  south  of  the  Potomac. 
It  had  1,200  spindles  and  21  looms,  driven  by  two  wheels  26  feet  diameter,  and  12 
feet  breast,  which  forms  a striking  contrast  to  the  present  equipment,  where  two 
18-inch  Hercules  drive  1,700  spindles  and  136  looms.  The  present  factory  was 
built  in  1867,  and  in  ’78  the  name  was  changed  to  Glendale. 

This  mill  is  really  the  progenitor  of  the  other,  for  as  a lucrative  source  of 
revenue  to  its  owners,  the  Clifton  has  been  largely  capitalized  by  them  out  of  its 
earnings.  It  turns  out  the  same  goods  as  the  above  except  yarns,  and  produces 
900,000  pounds  annually;  they  are  handled  by  Whitman  & Phelps,  of  Xew  York, 
and  find  a ready  market  over  the  world.  The  factory  is  located  four  miles  distant 
from  Clifton,  nearer  Spartanburg,  on  a fork  of  the  same  river  but  makes  its  ship- 
ments from  the  Clifton  depot  on  the  Air-Line  Railroad.  Its  main  building  is 
50x130  feet  in  dimensions;  in  the  basement  are  the  carding  machines,  on  the  first 
floor  the  same,  on  the  second  floor  the  looms,  on  the  third  is  the  spinning  depart- 
ment, and  on  the  fifth  or  attic  floor,  sjiooling,  warping,  and  slashing  is  done  ; as  an 
L to  this  is  the  two  story  picker  house,  40x50  feet  in  extent,  divided  into  picking 
and  cloth  rooms,  where  the  goods  are  made  up  for  shipment.  Adjacent  to  the  mill 
is  a large  cotton  ginning  establishment,  where  from  800  to  1,200  bales  are  ginned 
annually;  also  wheat  and  corn  mills,  saw  mill,  wool  carding  and  blacksmith’s  shops. 
They  are  all  constantly  going,  either  doing  work  for  the  owners  or  for  the  inhabi- 
tants of  their  villages.  The  population  at  Glendale  numbers  about  400  persons  ; 125 
operators  are  employed  in  the  mill  and  50  more  in  the  other  establishments  and  on 
the  farm  of  1,300  acres;  they  have  also  stores,  school  and  church  privileges,  similar 
to  the  Clifton  population.  The  town  is  made  complete  bv  the  two  substantial, 
handsome  and  comfortable  residences  of  the  President  and  Treasurer,  which  are  in 
keeping  with  the  entertainment  afforded  by  the  inmates  to  their  numerous  friends. 

Glendale  is  a neighborhood  of  considerable  note  and  interest.  A revolutionary 
battle  was  fought  here  previous  to  Cowpens.  Many  stories  of  skirmishing  are  still 
told  among  the  inhabitants.  The  tombs  of  revolutionary  soldiers  are  still  shown, 
relics  of  the  battlefield  are  often  turned  up  by  the  plow.  The  iron  works,  which 
must  have  been  the  first  in  this  section  of  country,  were  destroyed  by  the  Tories  and 
the  iron  and  tools  thrown  into  the  pond,  where  they  are  sometimes  pulled  up  by 
boys  when  fishing. 

These  institutions  are  managed  so  as  to  promote  in  every  way  the  well-being  of 
themselves  and  their  dependencies,  conjointly  they  form  one  of  the  first  financial 
institutions  of  this  State,  they  have  added  materially  and  helped  greatly,  to  make 
Spartanburg  the  second  richest  county,  produce  goods  that  introduced  South  Caro- 
lina’s name  to  the  favor  of  the  world,  and  will  long  live  as  a proud  bulwark  of  her 
material  greatness  and  a pillar  of  strength  in  her  social  happiness. 


L.  A.  MILLS,  Esq., 

Breeder  of  Jersey  Cattle. 

As  the  destiny  of  a nation  is  read  in 
the  virtue  of  its  women,  so  can  the  pro- 
gress and  advancement  of  a community 
be  seen  in  the  enterprise  and  ability  of 
her  men,  and  in  Spartanburg  no  one  is 
deserving  of  more  praise  at  our  hands 
as  having  contributed  by  his  liberality, 
work  and  capital  to  the  welfare  of  the 
county,  than  the  gentleman  above  named. 
Mr.  Mills  came  to  this  county  in  1876. 
from  Mississippi,  where  he  was  largely 
engaged  in  cotton  planting,  but  not  be- 
ing able  to  stand  that  climate,  sought 


Spartanburg  as  a healthy  location.  He 
was  many  years  in  the  wholesale  and  re- 
tail grocery  business  in  this  town  till  last 
May,  when  he  opened  the  store  noticed 
at  the  head  of  L.  A.  Mills  & Co.  He 
has  at  the  same  time  gradually  become 
more  and  more  identified  with  the  farm- 
ing interests  of  the  county,  and  owns 
several  fine  tracts  of  well  cultivated  land, 
amounting  in  all  to  some  2,000  acres. 

Besides  raising  cotton,  corn  and  other 
small  grain,  he  is  extensively  engaged  in 
breeding  Jersey  cattle.  At  the  head  of 
his  herd  is  St.  Bernard,  an  inbred  signal 
bull,  who  has  not  his  equal  in  the  South- 
ern States.  He  is  by  Leonidas,  out  of 


Btate  of  South  Carolina. 


161 


Optima,  and  his  registered  number  is 
4849.  His  owner  has  refused  to  take 
$2,000  in  cash  for  him.  The  bull  is  in 
great  demand  among  the  leading  farm- 
ers of  South  Carolina,  Georgia,  and 
North  Carolina,  and  Mr.  Mills  having 
several  other  line  young  bulls,  his  sons,  is 
sometimes  able  to  accommodate  parties 
who  wish  to  produce  something  extra 
fine  from  their  stock  of  cows.  The  fe- 
male part  of  the  herd  consists  of  some  30 
head  of  beautiful  young  cows  and  heifers, 
of  many  different  shades  and  sizes.  The 
herd  in  summer  is  kept  on  a farm  of  400 
acres,  two  miles  south  of  Glenns,  and 
in  winter  the  cattle  are  brought  into 
town,  where  their  owner  has  a pretty 
tract  of  200  acres  just  on  the  city  limits, 
and  here  we  might  say  Mr.  Mills  resides 
in  a large,  spacious  and  well  built  man- 
sion, where  he  entertains  all  those  who 
call  upon  him  on  business  or  pleasure  in 
a manner  that  becomes  a Southern  gen- 
tleman or  fortune  and  standing.  He 
employs  altogether  on  his  broad  and  lim- 
itless acres,  and  in  his  other  establish- 
ments, about  100  hands,  and  in  North 
Carolina  also  he  is  the  happy  possessor 
of  3,000  acres  of  small  grain  and  cotton 
lands. 

He  is,  of  course,  largely  interested  in 
many  of  the  principal  financial  institu- 
tions in  the  county.  He  is  Director  in 
the  Clifton  and  Pacolet  Mills.  He  was 
President,  organized  and  projected  the 
Spartanburg  and  Rutherford  Railroad, 
which  will  prove  a great  boon  to  both 
counties.  $50,000  was  subscribed  to  the 
railroad  from  Spartanburg,  and  $100,000 
from  Rutherford.  He  is  also  a leading 
spirit  on  the  Aldermanic  board,  and  as  a 
city  official,  has  been  very  active  in  fur- 
thering good  government  and  developing 
resources,  facilities  and  conveniences 
that  but  for  him  would  have  lain  dor- 
mant to  the  people  they  now  benefit. 
Mr.  Mills  is  a native  of  Rutherford  coun- 
ty, North  Carolina,  but  married  a Spar- 
tanburg lady.  We  need  hardly  say  he  is 
most  popular  among  a large  circle  of 
friends,  and  for  a man  of  his  compara- 
tively young  age,  has  shown  himself 
possessed  of  those  qualities  of  mind, 
hand  and  heart,  that  make  him  influ- 
ential in  and  an  important  stronghold 
in  the  rise  and  strength  of  Spartanburg 
county. 


L.  A.  MILLS  & CO., 

Furniture,  Sash,  Doors  and  Blinds, 
Buggies,  Carriages,  and  Wagons. 

This  house  was  established  in  May,  ’83, 
and  during  its  comparatively  brief  span 
of  existence,  has  steadily  increased  its 
custom  all  over  this  country  and  North 
Carolina,  where  the  goods  have  obtained 
a standard  reputation.  This  is  no  doubt 
greatly  owing  to  the  fact  that  the  owners 
of  the  house  have  been  long  favorably 
known  to  the  community.  The  premises 
located  on  the  public  square  occupy  three 
spacious  floors,  30x100  feet  in  extent,  spe- 
cially arranged  and  adapted  for  business. 
The  stock  averaging  some  $5,000  in  value 
contains  a full  line  of  all  kinds  of  furni- 
ture, from  the  finest  drawing  room  and 
parlor  suites,  to  the  strong  and  cheap 
qualities  of  kitchen  chairs  and  tables. 
Sash,  doors  and  blinds  are  kept  in  all 
sizes  and  are  furnished  in  car-load  lots 
and  at  retail.  Their  selection  of  Colum- 
bus buggies,  carriages,  and  wagons,  is 
one  of  the  most  complete  in  the  State. 
Five  competent  hands  are  employed. 
Mr.  L.  A.  Mills  is  largely  engaged  in 
Jersey  farming,  which  is  given  under  a 
separate  head.  Mr.  F.  A.  Sumner,  his 
partner,  is  a native  of  Rutherford  county. 
North  Carolina,  and  came  to  Spartan- 
burg five  years  ago. 


PACOLET  MANUFACTURING 
COMPANY. 

Jno.  H.  Montgomery,  President  and 
Treasurer. 

Though  the  manufacture  of  cotton 
goods  in  the  South  is  a comparatively 
new  undertaking,  the  great  success 
which  has  already  attended  the  factories 
that  have  been  put  up  has  given  such  an 
impetus  to  the  business,  that  only  a few 
years  are  required  to  develop  it  into 
enormous  proportions.  The  county  of 
Spartanburg  has  during  the  last  decade 
manifested'  a spirit  of  progress  and  en- 
terprise; that  has  accorded  her  an  un- 
paralleled growth  and  prosperity, that  has 
placed  her  in  the  list  of  counties  in  this 
State  second  only  in  wealth  to  Charles- 
ton. A visit  to  the  county  makes  the 
fact  apparent.  Not  only  has  she  tracts 
of  fine  corn,  cotton  and  wheat  lands, 
and  undeveloped  stores  of  mineral 


162 


City  of  SpartA  nbuM, 


wealth,  but  evidence  of  substantial  pros- 
perity are  becoming  abundant,  and  man- 
ufacturing industry,  the  handmaiden  of 
civilization  is  exercising  her  potent  in- 
fluence. 

Chief  among  these  is  the  conversion  of 
the  raw  cotton  staple  into  yarns  and 
cloth,  and  as  the  most  recent  and  im- 
portant addition  to  this  interest  we 
note  the  Pacolet  Mills,  which  takes  a 
prominent  place  among  the  factories  of 
the  State. 

The  company  was  organized  in  1883, 
and  by  the  middle  of  December  they  got 
the  machinery  under  way,  and  in  the 
following  March  it  was  in  full  operation. 
There  are  12,000  spindles  and  312  looms, 
and  the  waterpower  is  22  feet  head,  suf- 
ficient to  drive  30,000  spindles,  which 
number  we  see  not  far  distant  in  the 
prospective  future  of  the  Pacolet  Manu- 
facturing Company,  who  thus  far  enjoy 
every  appearance  of  making  their  enter- 
prise as  successful  as  any  of  its  forerun- 
ners. 

The  mills  are  located  on  the  Pacolet 
River,  13  miles  south-east  of  the  City  of 
Spartanburg,  and  2 miles  from  Pacolet 
station  on  the  Spartanburg,  Union  & 
Columbia  R.  R.  The  main  building  is 
74x240  feet  in  extent,  3 stories;  on  the 
first  floor  is  weaving,  on  the  second  card- 
ing, and  on  the  top  floor  is  the  spin- 
ning department.  To  this  is  added  the 
picker  room  44x84  feet  in  dimensions, 
likewise  3 stories;  on  the  first  floor  is  the 
dust  room  and  repairing  shop,  the  sec- 
ond is  the  picker  house,  and  on  the 
third  floor  are  opening  and  slashing  ma- 
chines. The  machinery  of  the  estab- 
lishment has  been  supplied  from  the 
best  workshops,  is  the  latest,  best  and 
most  improved,  and  by  experienced  man- 
agement is  kept  in  splendid  running  or- 
der. The  system  of  the  mill  is  complete 
in  every  respect,  and  things  are  arrang- 
ed so  as  to  manufacture  expeditiously, 
economically  and  with  least  risk.  A 
substantial  cotton  warehouse,  of  1,700 
bales  capacity  forms  a further  nqcessary 
and  useful  adjunct  of  such  a ponderous 
establishment. 

The  turn  out  of  the  mill  is  confined 
wholly  to  standard  and  4 yard  brown 
sheetings,  and  it  reflects  creditably  on 
the  quality  of  goods  of  so  young  a mill, 
that  they  already  command  a ready  mar- 


ket. The  goods  are  entirely  handled  by 
Daering,  Milliken  & Co.,  of  Hew  York, 
but  are  largely  shipped  on  their  orders 
direct  from  Pacolet  to  the  South  and 
West,  where  they  enjoy  a steadily  in- 
creasing sale. 

This  factory,  one  of  South  Carolina's 
proudest  institutions,  gives  employment 
to  some  250  hands,  who  reside  rear  the 
mills,  and  with  their  families  make  up  a 
village  of  500  or  600  inhabitants,  all 
prosperous,  happy  and  contented  with 
their  lot  as  well  as  they  may  be  with  em- 
ployment, where  the  management  is 
both  good  and  liberal.  For  their  ac- 
commodation the  company  owns  a tract 
of  land  of  340  acres,  and  hereon  they  have 
built  62  comfortable  cottages,  besides 
which  several  boarding  houses  give  am- 
ple lodging  room  for  all.  A store  house, 
3 stories  high,  28x90  feet  in  dimensions, 
carrying'a  full  stock  of  general  merchan- 
dise is  also  run  under  the  auspices  of 
this  generous  company.  The  President 
and  Treasurer  of  the  institution  is,  our 
readers  will  have  already  surmised  from 
the  foregoing,  a man  capable,  and  con- 
versant with  the  details  of  conducting 
large  undertakings.  His  firm,  Walker, 
Fleming  & Co. , are  the  principal  owners 
oFthe  mill,  organized  the  company  and 
built  the  mill,  and  is  in  course  the  main- 
spring of  the  concern,  and  as  is  natural 
to  his  management  is  due  the  mills  suc- 
cess. The  Colonel  is  a native  of  Spar- 
tanburg county,  and  in  the  late  war  was 
commissary  of  the  18th  South  Carolina 
and  later  brigade  commissary.  He  is  a 
man  who  has  a great  love  for  home,  as 
well  he  might,  for  such  a splendid  coun- 
try does  not  exist  in  every  State  in  our 
Union,  and  has  been  all  his  life  identi- 
fied with  the  county’s  prosperity. 

He  is  an  influential  Mason  and  a lead- 
ing Deacon  in  the  Baptist  Church  and 
altogether  one  of  Spartanburg's  best 
known  and  esteemed  citizens.  The  di- 
rectors of  the  company  are  men  promi- 
nent in  the  financial  circles  of  the  State 
and  have  the  good  fortune  to  be  inter- 
ested in  a manufacturing  venture  most 
lucrative  to  themselves,  giving  work  to 
hundreds  of  their  fellow-beings,  and 
sustenance  to  many  more,  and  a 
source  of  increase  and  support  to  the 
general  welfare  and  happiness  of  the 
community. 


State  oe  South  Carolina. 


163 


REID  & LILES, 

Groceries,  Grain,  Fancy  Flours, 
Etc.  Terms  : Cash. 

By  a careful  examination  of  the  com- 
mercial facilities  enjoyed  in  this  section 
of  the  State,  we  find  that  the  above  house 
is  entitled  to  a place  in  the  front  rank  of 
our  representative  mercantile  concerns. 
One  of  the  most  solid  in  Spartanburg,  it 
has  from  its  inception  in  .January,  1876, 
continued  to  exercise  an  influence  on  lo- 
cal trade  and  industry  of  the  most  salu- 
tary character.  The  premises  located  on 
the  public  square  occupy  a spacious  floor, 
23x115  feet  in  extent,  with  a cellar  of 
like  dimensions  more  especially  used  for 
the  storage  of  syrups  and  molasses.  The 
business  since  started  has  been  judi- 
ciously confined  to  one  line  of  goods, 
namely  groceries,  and  consequently  the 
great  success  that  has  attended  its  prose- 
cution, and  to-dav  it  stands  as  the  leader 
in  the  county  and  does  an  annual  busi- 
ness of  over  $80,000.  The  stock  car- 
ried averaging  over  $8,000  in  value,  con- 
tains everjdhing  used  at  the  table  of  the 
mansion  or  the  cottage — fresh  China  teas 
and  Mocha  coffees,  East  India  spices,  all 
the  standard  grades  of  Flew  Orleans  su- 
gars, syrups  and  molasses,  country  pro- 
duce— for  which  the  highest  prices  are 
paid  to  farmers — fresh  and  salt  provis- 
ions, canned  goods  in  all  their  variety, 
foreign  and  domestic  pickles,  leading 
brands  of  American  and  Cuban  cigars, 
snuff  and  tobaccos,  etc.,  etc.  A spe- 
cialty is  made  of  fancy  flours,  which  have 
not  their  superior  in  the  market.  The 
goods  are  obtained  direct  from  first 
hands  in  large  quantities,  are  retailed  at 
low  margins,  and  the  best  proof  of  their 
excellence  lies  in  the  fact  that  the  de- 
mand for  them  from  Spartanburg,  Union, 
Laurens  counties  and  North  Carolina  is 
large  and  daily  increases.  They  are  also 
agents  for  the  well  known  Orange  rifle 
and  blasting  powder.  Competent  hands 
are  employed  in  the  various  branches  of 
business,  a wagon  is  called  into  constant 
use,  and  the  methods  of  carrying  out 
their  immense  operations  and  transac- 
tions are  such  as  to  gain  for  them  the 
implicit  confidence  of  the  public.  Mr. 
S.  B.  Reid  and  Mr.  Henry  Liles  are  the 
individual  members  of  this  prosperous 
firm.  The  latter  resides  in  the  county 


and  is  inactive  in  the  business,  and  thus 
the  prosecution  of  the  affairs  of  the  es- 
tablishment devolves  on  the  shoulders  of 
the  former.  We  need  hardly  say  Mr. 
Reid  is  fully  equal  to  his  responsibili- 
ties, and  he  is  well  known  as  one  of  the 
second  county’s  most  go-a-head  and  wise 
merchants.  He  is  a native  of  Greenville 
county,  in  the  war  was  several  months 
on  prison  guard  duty,  and  also  a promi- 
nent society  man ; is  a Mason,  Spartan 
Lodge,  and  ably  filled  the  post  of  Aider- 
man  one  term.  He  served  a long  time 
with  Col.  Bowden  in  Gowansville  and 
came  with  him  to  Spartanburg  in  Janu- 
ary, 1875.  He  was  the  first  to  start  in 
the  grocery  line  exclusively  in  this 
county,  and  his  wise  example  has  been 
followed  by  several  others.  We  in  con- 
clusion only  reflect  the  public  sentiment 
in  saying  whoever  may  form  relations 
with  him  will  realize  and  appreciate  the 
strict  integrity,  correct  business  methods 
and  promptness  which  characterize  his 
house  in  all  its  dealings. 


MONUMENTAL  JEWELRY 
STORE. 

J.  A.  Henneman. 

History  tells  us  that  from  the  earliest 
ages  man  has  always  had  some  instru- 
ment wherewith  to  measure  the  path  of 
time.  The  sun  dial  was  followed  by  the 


more  exact  Clepsydra  or  water  clock, 
which  gave  place  to  the  sand-glass  and 
about  a thousand  years  ago  we  find  first 
in  Germany,  in  a rude  arrangement  of 
weights,  wheels  and  dial,  the  pecursor  of 
the  clock  of  to-day,  and  some  seven  cen- 
turies later  the  introduction  of  the  spring 
took  place.  Since  then  the  workshops 


164 


City  of  Spartanburg, 


of  Germany,  Switzerland  and  England, 
have  in  turn  brought  different  kinds  of 
time-keepers  to  a higli  state  of  perfec- 
tion, but  it  was  not  till  Howard,  of  Bos- 
ton, after  a long  series  of  experiments 
succeeded  in  manufacturing  watch  parts 
by  machinery,  that  this  most  useful  arti- 
cle was  so  cheapened  as  to  bring  it  within 
reach  of  the  poorest  artisan. 

For  this  end  the  reliable  and  experi- 
enced retail  dealer  is  essential  and  Spar- 
tanburg fortunately  has  long  possessed 
this  advantage  in  the  well-known  per- 
sonage of  Mr.  J.  A.  Henneman,  who  es- 
tablished business  here  in  1859. 

His  present  premises  in  the  Public 
Square,  which  he  has  occupied  since  1867, 
are  18x70  feet  in  extent,  are  attractively 
fitted  up  and  the  stock  is  arranged  with 
the  full  view  of  giving  intending  pur- 
chasers every  opportunity  of  making  a 
selection.  Bearing  a representative  value 
of  $5,000  the  goods  consist  of  a large 
and  varied  assortment  of  foreign  and  do- 
mestic watches  and  clocks,  and  elegant 
jewelry  tastefully  displayed  in  the  many 
handsome  show  cases,  giving  callers  at 
once  a favorable  impression  of  its  extent, 
beauty  and  value.  Mr.  Henneman  is 
agent  for  the  Rockford  watch,  which  as 
a time-keeper  has  not  its  superior  in  the 
market.  He  also  has  a large  supply  of 
musical  instruments,  and  being  a skilled 
musician  is  enabled  to  show  off  their 
merits  to  intending  customers.  He  em- 
ploys, according  to  the  season,  from  two 
to  five  hands,  attends  promptly  to  repair- 
ing, and  executes  engraving  in  the  most 
artistic  style.  His  trade  from  the  com- 
mencement has  steadily  increased  and 
comes  from  the  best  families  of  the  up 
country. 

This  excellent  gentleman  will  be  found 
most  advantageous  to  enter  into  business 
relations  with,  and  is  experienced  and 
reliable  in  the  highest  degree.  He  is  a 
native  of  Bavaria  and  came  to  the  United 
States  in  1853.  He  was  some  time  in 
Philadelphia,  and  came  here  in  1859 
from  Norfolk,  Virginia.  In  the  late  war 
lie  did  gallant  service  for  the  great  cause 
in  the  Holcombe  Legion,  in  which  he 
held  a commission.  He  was  wounded  at 
Second  Manassas,  retired  from  the  army, 
but  again  went  boldly  to  the  front  in  the 
1st  South  Carolina  Cavalry.  In  this 
community  he  is  an  important  factor, 


was  Alderman  several  terms,  and  ably 
acted  as  Mayor  in  ’79  and  '80.  He  is  a 
prominent  figure  in  the  Masonic  Order; 
is  the  only  man  in  Spartan  Lodge  who 
has  been  Master  of  the  Lodge  for  years, 
and  even  as  chat  he  was  solicited  to  con- 
tinue. He  is  a member  of  the  Grand 
Lodge  of  the  State,  and  often  appointed 
delegate  to  its  conventions.  Mr.  Henne- 
man has  the  nack  about  him  of  making 
friends,  of  whom  he  has  many,  and  is 
altogether  a moving  and  weighty  spirit 
in  the  standing,  progress  and  advance- 
ment of  the  second  county  in  the  State. 

J.  S.  CLOUD  & CO., 

Clothing,  Shoks,  Hats,  Etc. 


In  writing  a detailed  account  of  the 
industries  of  South  Carolina,  with  some 
mention  of  those  individual  enterprises 
that  conduce  so  greatly  to  the  benefit  of 
the  community,  we  must  not  overlook 
the  fact  that  no  little  vitality  has  ema- 
nated from  the  clothing  trade,  which  be- 
comes annually  more  and  more  impor- 
tant, and  in  this  connection,  the  well 
known  and  prosperous  house  of  J.  S. 
Cloud  & Co.  is  worthy  of  special 
mention. 

Mr.  Cloud  has  long  been  prominent  as 
one  of  the  most  wide-awake  men  in  his 
line  in  South  Carolina.  He  started  bus- 
iness in  Camden,  in  December.  1866. 
alone,  the  firm  becoming  later  Cloud  tS: 
Zenf.  In  May,  1874,  seeking  a more 
promising  location,  he  moved  to  Spar- 
tanburg, in  whose  progress  he  has  since 
been  an  enterprising  and  most  motive 
factor.  He  conducted  business  twelve 
months  alone,  then  for  three  years  in 
partnership  with  E.  C.  McLaughlin, 


State  of  South  Carolina. 


165 


then  again  alone,  and  in  May,  1883,  he 
took  in  his  present  associate,  who  was 
before  for  several  years  his  confidential 
assistant.  The  house  from  the  word  go, 
has  had  a continuously  prosperous  career, 
and  we  might  be  safe  in  saying  it  stands 
in  the  van  in  its  line  in  the  upper  part  of 
the  State. 

The  store,  centrally  located  on  Main 
Street,  Spartanburg,  occupies  three  spa- 
cious stories,  each  25x100  feet  in  extent. 
The  street  floor  constitutes  the  selling 
department,  and  here  customers  will  find 
a large  and  varied  line  of  goods  neatly 
and  tastefully  arranged  so  as  to  give  one 
every  opportunity  of  making  a selection. 
This  department  has  been  specially  fitted 
up  by  Mr.  Cloud,  so  as  to  expedite  busi- 
ness to  its  fullest  extent.  The  coats  are 
arranged  in  order  on  the  tables,  on  the 
shelves  correspondingly  alongside  are  the 
pants  of  the  same  suits  and,  in  drawers 
in  the  tables  lie  the  vests,  which  are  not 
at  all  disturbed  till  the  purchaser  is  sat- 
isfactorily fitted  in  his  choice  of  a suit. 
The  goods  in  the  hat  and  shoe  depart- 
ment are  likewise  all  ticketed  and  ar- 
ranged with  the  exactitude  of  a military 
magazine  ready  for  action,  and  the  gents 
furnishing  goods  present  an  enticing  dis- 
play in  the  attractive  show  cases.  Up 
stairs  stacks  of  unopened  stock  command 
the  admiration  of  the  visitor,  the  dupli- 
cates are  here  also  laid  out  on  long  ta- 
bles, and  the  basement  is  used  for  the  or- 
dinary requirements  of  such  a large 
establishment.  In  the  rear  of  the  main 
floor  is  a parlor  and  dressing  room,  with 
convenient  sanitary  arrangements  for 
customer’s  necessities. 

It  is  hardly  necessary  to  say  that  the 
stock  is  made  up  of  the  most  fashiona- 
ble goods.  It  runs  according  to  the  sea- 
son, between  $20,000  and  $30,000  in 
value,  is  purchased  in  large  quantities 
direct  from  the  leading  manufacturers 
and  importers,  its  extent  and  variety  is 
only  equalled  by  the  lowness  of  its  retail 
prices,  at  which  all  grades  of  goods  are 
cheap.  The  four  competent  and  oblig- 
ing hands  are  always  attentive  to  custom- 
ers, who  are  never  pressed  against  their 
will  to  buy,  which  we  might  add  even  if 
it  were  a practice,  would  not  be  often  in- 
dulged in,  as  the  superiority  of  the  goods 
is  apparent  in  every  instance. 

Mr.  J.  S.  Cloud,  the  senior  partner  in 


this  prominent  house,  is  too  well  known 
to  require  comment.  He  is  a native  of 
Fairfield  county,  and  in  the  war  was  12 
months  in  the  State  Service  Reserves. 
He  is  one  of  the  men  of  enterprise  and 
ability  to  whom  the  second  county  owes 
its  rapid  material  advancement  and  pres- 
ent stability,  is  thoroughly  reliable  in  his 
business  relations,  and  is  also  a popular 
society  man  and  K.  of  H.  His  partner, 
Mr.  F.  L.  Liles,  a native  of  this  count}-, 
is  a young  man  of  promise  and  energy' 
The  trade  of  the  house  extends 
throughout  Spartanburg,  Newberry, 
Laurens,  Union,  Greenville  and  North 
Carolina;  the  goods  enjoy  a standard 
reputation,  and  the  conduct  displayed  in 
its  management  clearly  indicates  it  is  in 
every  way  able  to  meet  all  legitimate  de- 
mands made  upon  it  by  the  intelligent 
and  wealthy  society  of  this  section.  See 
article  Cloud  & Smith,  of  Newberry, 
the  senior  being  the  above  J.  S.  Cloud' 


F.  CANTRELL  & CO., 

Dealers  in  Magons,  Engines,  Agri- 
cultural Machinery,  Lumber, 
Etc.,  and  Repairers  of  Machin- 
ery of  all  Kinds. 


Nothing  adds  more  to  the  importance 
and  standing  of  a supplying  centre  than 
the  establishment  in  it  of  reliable  car- 
riage and  wagon  manufacturers  and  ma- 
chine shops,  and  Spartanburg  in  the 
above  firm  possesses  such  a necessary  ad- 
junct to  her  prosperity.  The  business 
was  originally  founded  in  1871  by  Isaac 
II.  Cantrell,  but  on  the  26th  of  March 
last  the  present  firm  was  formed,  and 
with  this  instillation  of  young  energy  the 
house  has  taken  a new  life  and  bids  fair 
to  rapidly  increase  a business  that  even 
before  was  large. 

Their  premises  are  conveniently  lo- 
cated on  Main  Street  near  the  AVindsor 
Hotel,  and  consist  of  a blacksmith’s 


166 


City  of  Spartanburg, 


shop,  a large  new  building  divided  into 
a machine  and  a wood  working  depart- 
ment and  a spacious  foundry.  A 15- 
horse  power  engine  and  20-liorse  power 
boiler  is  employed  ; the  shops  are  in  every 
way  well  arranged  and  adapted  for  car- 
rying on  business  with  expedition,  and 
the  machinery  and  tools  are  of  the  latest 
and  most  improved  pattern.  Everything 
is  indeed  in  first-class  style  and  the  goods 
are  in  keeping  therewith.  They  turn  out 
carriages,  buggies  and  wagons  which  are 
popular  and  command  a ready  sale,  and 
do  all  manner  of  repairing  work  on  en- 
gines, pumps  and  every  class  of  machin- 
ery with  promptness  and  at  reasonable 
rates.  They  also  deal  largely  in  wagons 
of  the  best  makers  in  the  United  States, 
and  carry  in  stock  a full  line  of  plows, 
dressed  and  undressed  lumber  and  lime. 
They  are  agents  for  the  best  traction, 
portable  and  stationary  engines  in  the 


market,  for  separators  and  saw  mills,  for 
the  famous  Hancock  inspirator,  steam 
and  force  pumps,  gas  piping  and  fittings 
of  all  kinds.  They  employ  fifteen  com- 
petent and  experienced  craftsmen,  and 
their  work  has  gained  a standard  reputa- 
tion throughout  Spartanburg,  Union, 
Laurens  and  in  North  Carolina. 

The  individual  members  of  this  old 
and  flourishing  establishment,  Messrs. 
F.,  Isaac  II.  and  F.  T.  Cantrell,  are  na- 
tives of  Spartanburg  and  well  known 
among  her  wealthy  capitalists,  experi- 
enced and  trusted  business  men.  The 
first  two  took  an  active  part  in  the  late 
war  and  enjoy  the  esteem  of  the  general 
community.  The  last,  Mr.  F.  T.,  is 
more  active  in  the  running  of  the  con- 
cern. He  is  a son  of  Isaac  H.,  a young 
man  of  great  energy  and  promise,  at  home  I 


in  the  details  of  business,  and  a member 
of  the  Baptist  Church  and  one  of  the 
second  county’s  popular  men.  The 
house  is  altogether  a representative  one, 
has  done  much  to  build  up  the  city's 
commerce  and  industry,  and  fully  de- 
serves a continuance  of  the  liberal  patron- 
age which  has  attended  it  in  the  past 
and  supports  it  in  the  present. 


THE  TOPAZ  CINCHONA  COR- 
DIAL CO. 

Manufacturers  of  Ewbank’s  Topaz 
Cinchona  Cordial  and  Ewbanks’ 
Star  and  Crescent  Wine  Vinegar. 
H.  B.  Ewbank,  President  and 
Treasurer;  J.  B.  Liles,  Secretary 
and  Superintendent;  John  Wit- 

TENBAYER,  M.  D.,  CHEMIST. 

There  is,  perhaps,  no  better  proof  of , 
prosperity  than  that  associations  of  men 
and  capital  are  being  organized  in  this 
county  to  conduct  manufacturing  on  a 
scale  which  involves  the  investment  of  . 
large  sums  of  money,’  and  requires 
extensive  commercial  connections  and 
financial  intelligence.  The  above  com- , 
pany  was  organized  this  year  for  the  pur- 
pose of  manufacturing  the  above  men- 
tioned articles,  more  especially  the  first, 
which  is  destined  to  be  in  universal  de- 
mand over  the  United  States  from  Maine 
to  Mexico,  and  to  become  the  standard 
cordial  of  America.  We  shall  give  its 
history,  its  mode  of  manufacture  and  its 
virtues,  in  which  latter  we  are  assured 
the  public  will  stand  by  us  when  they 
have  had  the  good  fortune  to  partake  of 
even  a wineglassfv  l of  this  gem  of  tonics. 
In  the  wine-growing  countries  of  Europe 
the  use  of  this  medicated  wine  is  univer- 
sal. The  mode  of  manufacture  there  is 
kept  as  a strict  secret  by  one  house, 
which  has  made  an  enormous  fortune 
out  of  it.  Dr.  Wittenbayer,  formerly 
for  several  years  President  of  the  College 
of  Physicians  in  Berne,  and  once  a can- 
didate for  the  Presidency  of  the  Swiss 
Republic,  was  the  first  to  introduce  the 
cordial  into  this  country.  A chemist, 
he  had  thoroughly  analyzed  the  wine 
and  prepared  to  make  it.  After  years 
of  trial  and  experiment  he  obtained  the 
secret  point  of  the  manufacture  from 
another  celebrated  French  chemist  and 
physician,  and  after  twenty  years  of  con- 


Sta$e  of  South  Carolina. 


167 


stant  application  and  hard  work,  pres- 
ents to  the  public  of  America,  some- 
! thing  that  their  taste  must  and  will  ap- 
preciate. The  doctor  for  many  years 
used  it  among  his  patients  in  Ohio, 

! where  it  made  cures  of  liver  complaint 
| and  fever  and  ague,  of  life-long  duration, 
when  the  sufferer  had  been  given  up  as 
incurable  by  the  medical  skill  of  New 
York  and  Philadelphia. 

The  cordial  is  composed  of  the  most 
improved  vegetable  tonics,  introduced 
into  a full  generous  wine.  The  wine  is 
! a fine  sherry,  made,  by  the  manufactu- 
rers, from  the  Malaga  grape,  which  is 
I imported  from  Spain,  and  the  tonics  are 
also  extracted  from  the  natural  element 
1 in  the  laboratory. 

The  fine  Loxa  Cinchona  berk  being 
the  medicinal  basis,  the  cordial  is  confi- 
dently recommended  as  a preventive  of 
fever  and  ague  and  diseases  originating 
from  malarial  causes.  For  purifying 
the  blood  and  secretions;  a quick  and 
absolute  cure  for  dyspepsia;  a sovereign 
remedy  for  liver  complaint,  stomach 
cramp,  intermittent  fevers;  an  imme- 
diate relief  for  dysentery,  cholera  mor- 
bus and  like  diseases;  a pure  and  whole- 
some stomachic;  an  unequalled  appetizer 
and  a tonic  without  a rival,  and  in  short 
for  invigorating  all  the  functions  of  the 
system,  it  is  unequalled.  The  cordial  is 
j highly  recommended  for  ladies  in  ded- 
icate health,  by  the  best  physicians  in 
Europe  and  America.  This  tonic  has 
been  the  favorite,  and  extensively  used 
for  over  half  a century,  in  Italy,  Swit- 
zerland and  France.  The  name  adopted 
for  it  in  this  country  is  appropriately 
[suggestive  of  its  fortunate  origin. 

It  is  made  from  the  celebrated  Topaz 
Sherry,  whose  fame  ante-dates  the  cou- 
. quest  of  Granada.  It  has  that  beautiful 
' liquid  brown  color  of  the  topaz  stone, 
and  it  is  the  gem  of  tonics. 

The  vinegar  made  from  the  grapes  by 
^a  special  process  after  the  wine  juice  has 
been  pressed,  and  known  as  Ewbank’s 
Star  and  Crescent,  for  flavor,  strength 
and  purity,  rivals  the  finest  imported 
French  article. 

The  company  have  started  in  Spartan- 
burg in  commodious  premises,  and  have 
made  extensive  investments  in  tanks 
and  all  the  other  necessary  conveniences 
for  carrying  on  the  manufacture  on  an 


enormous  scale,  under  the  supervision  of 
Dr.  Witten  bayer,  the  chemist  of  the  es- 
tablishment. 

Mr.  Herbert  Bryan  Ewbank  is  a na- 
tive of  Charleston.  His  father  was  an 
Englishman,  of  the  ancient  Durham 
family,  who  have  a pedigree  of  1,200 
years.  Mr.  Ewbank  manufactured  in 
Greenville  county  some  eleven  years  ago 
this  cordial,  which  he  then  called  Royal 
Standard  \\  ine  Bitters.  Wherever  used 
it  gave  such  entire  satisfaction,  and 
made  such  marvelous  cures,  that  he  re- 
solved to  seek  a capitalist  in  New  York, 
to  go  in  with  him.  He  was  however, 
persuaded  by  his  friends  in  New  York 
city,  to  keep  such  a good  thing  to  him- 
self, and  accepted  a place  with  Lorillard, 
whose  Southern  territory  he  had  entire 
charge  of  for  four  years.  This  has  given 
him  a thorough  and  extensive  insight 
into  doing  things  on  a prodigious  scale, 
that  he  could  not  have  otherwise  obtain- 
ed, and  makes  him  capable  to  run  the 
Topaz  Cordial  on  a similarly  grand  ba- 
sis, which  in  fact  will  soon  be  necessary, 
as  its  introduction  has  met  with  a tre- 
mendous support  and  a general  demand 
among  the  largest  dealers  in  the  West. 
Mr.  Ewbank  this  year  made  a wide  tour 
in  the  Western  States  to  Mexico,  for  the 
well  known  N.  Y.  house,  W.  Helm,  manu- 
facturer of  the  famous  R.  R.  Mills  snuff. 
While  there  he  has  got  large  orders  for 
his  cordial,  which  alone  will  keep  his 
factory  booming  for  years  to  come,  and 
with  the  increased  demand  we  may  ex- 
pect to  see  Spartanburg  become  as  fa- 
mous as  Durham,  and  Topaz  Cinchona 
Cordial  trademark  become  as  common  an 
ornament  to  every  household  and  store  in 
the  land  as  Blackwell’s  well  known  bull 
or  Lorillard’s  elimax. 


DILLING,  BAKER  & CO. 

General  Hardware  and  Machinery 

The  progress  and  advancement  in  the 
above  industry  has  kept  it  in  the  van  of 
mercantile  pursuits,  and  science  has  lent 
her  aid  and  man  his  energy  in  elevating 
the  trade  to  this  high  and  commanding 
position. 

In  order  to  bring  before  the  public  the 
highly  finished,  nicely  designed  and 
handsome  manufactures  now  made,  it  is 
necessary  to  have  reliable  houses  hand- 


168 


City  of  Spartanburg, 


COOPER’S  IMPROVED  PLOW  STOCK. 


ling  these  goods,  who,  buying  in  large 
quantities,  are  enabled  to  further  retail 
to  the  consumer  at  prices  a shade  above 
the  cost  of  manufacture.  Such  a house 
is  Spartanburg  fortunate  in  possessing 
in  the  well  known  firm  of  Dilling,  Baker 


EUREKA  SHUTTER  AND  SEPARATOR. 


& Co.,  one  of  the  largest  dealers  in  their 
special  lines  in  South  Carolina.  Found- 
ed but  5 years  ago,  they  have  by  judi- 


cious management,  and  by  means  of  lib- 
eral capital  continued  to  prosper, and  offer 
to  consumers  facilities  for  the  purchase 
of  hardware  and  machinery,  equalled 
by  few  and  surpassed  by  no  competi- 
tors. 

The  premises  located  on  Main  Street, 
next  door  to  the  Windsor  Hotel,  are  30x 
120  feet  in  extent,  to  which  is  added  a 
warehouse  of  the  same  dimensions  re- 
moved a few  doors  from  the  main  store. 
These  premises  are  spacious,  well  ar- 
ranged and  admirably  adapted  for  expe- 
diting their  large  and  growing  operations, 
and  form  a central  point  in  town  of  bus- 
iness activity. 

The  stock,  running  about  $25,000  in 
value,  embraces  not  only  the  ordinary 
articles  under  the  head  of  hardware,  but 
stoves,  tinware,  woodenware.  paints,  oils, 
mechanic's  tools,  bar  iron  and  steel, 
belting,  mill  findings,  cutlery,  and  the 
multitude  of  articles  common  to  first- 
; class  establishments  in  large  cities.  In 
agricultural  implements  and  machinery 
they  carry  a very  full  line  of  goods,  and 
are  agents  for  Munson  Bros,  flouring 
mills,  Geizer  Manufacturing  Company's 
engines  and  separators.  B.  \Y.  Payne  & 
Sons’  steam  engines,  D.  M.  Osborne 
Co.'s  reapers  and  mowers,  all  goods  too 
celebrated  to  require  superfluous  com- 
ment. The  house  employs  eight  compe- 
tent hands,  and  its  trade  both  wholesale 
and  retail  extends  all  over  Spartanburg, 
Union,  Laurens,  and  the  neighboring 


State  of  South  Carolina. 


169 


MUNSON  BROTHERS  FLOURING  MILLS. 


Hilling,  Baker  & Co.,  Spartanburg,  S.  C.,  Sole  Agents  for  North  and 

South  Carolina. 


Our  stock  is  large,  and  comprises  the  best  grades  to  be  found  in  the  United 
States.  All  our  goods  are  built  upon  honor  and  fully  warranted  as  represented. 
Correspondence  solicited. 


170 


GlTT  OF  SPARTANBURG, 


counties  of  North  Carolina,  and  also  into 
Georgia,  their  goods  having  gained  a 
standard  reputation  over  a wide  area. 

The  owners  of  this  flourishing  and 
solid  establishment  are  Messrs.  F.  Bill- 
ing, P.  S.  Baker  and  G.  A.  Lethco.  The 
first  named  are  natives  of  Cleveland, N.  C., 
county,  took  an  active  part  in  the  war, 
are  prominent  Masons  and  churchmen, 
and  reside  in  their  native  State,  and 
thus  the  brunt  of  the  business  devolves 
upon  the  third  named  gentleman,  who 
is  a native  of  Davidson  county,  North 
Carolina,  and  learned  his  trade  in  that 
thriving  centre  of  industry,  Charlotte. 
He  has  necessarily  become  imbued  with 
that  spirit  of  enterprise,  the  mainspring 
of  success  in  all  undertakings;  he 
possesses  experience  and  ability,  which  is 
only  reflected  in  the  prosperity  of  his 
house.  In  conclusion  we  may  say  the 
firm  enjoys  a high  reputation  for  probity 
and  fair-dealing,  and  is  in  every  respect 
a most  desirable  one  with  which  to  estab- 
lish relations. 


MAJOR  DUNCAN, 

Solicitor  of  Seventh  Judicial  Cir- 
cuit. 

Major  D.  E.  Duncan,  a distinguished 
member  of  the  bar  of  South  Carolina  and 
for  many  years  a prominent  figure  of 
Spartanburg  county,  was  born  in  Vir- 
ginia and  finished  his  education  at  Ran- 
dolph-Macon  University,  from  which  he 
graduated  in  1855.  His  father  was  an 
Irishman  by  birth,  from  Donegal,  took 
his  degree  of  M.  A.  at  Glasgow  Univer- 
sity and  served  four  years  in  the  British 
navy.  He  was  with  the  fleet  at  St. 
Petersburg  when  Napoleon  and  his  army 
read  their  fate  in  the  flames  of  Moscow, 
and  soon  after  he  came  out  to  America, 
settling  in  Virginia,  and  married  a 
daughter  of  the  Old  Dominion  State. 
He  became  Professor  of  Literature  in 
Randolph-Macon  University  and  for 
sixty-eiglit  years  filled  this  chair  with 
great  ability.  He  was  never  known  to 
lose  any  time  from  his  duties  up  till  the 
last,  and  was  long  one  of  the  most  emi- 
nent scholars  of  his  day.  He  died  in  1881, 
aged  91  years,  leaving  three  sons,  all  con- 
spicuous in  their  separate  callings. 

The  subject  of  our  sketch  is  the  oldest, 
and  commenced  life  by  teaching,  having 


charge  of  the  Odd  Fellows’  Academy  in 
Spartanburg  a year.  At  the  same  time 
he  applied  himself  in  his  leisure  hours  to 
the  study  of  law  and  was  admitted  in 
1857.  Pie  practiced  as  a member  of  the 
firm  of  Eeid,  Vernon  & Duncan  till  the 
war,  when  lie  entered  the  Thirteenth 
South  Carolina  as  Lieutenant,  rose  to  the 
rank  of  Captain  the  first  year  of  the  war, 
and  was  in  the  spring  of  ’64  made  Major. 
The  Thirteenth,  as  part  of  Jackson's 
corps,  were  engaged  in  the  roughest  of 
the  Virginia  campaigns.  After  the  war 
he  returned  to  his  adopted  town,  con- 
tinued his  ptrofession,  first  alone,  then 
from  ’67-’70  as  one  of  the  firm  of  Fow- 
ler & Duncan,  and  from  ’70-"82  as  Dun- 
can & Cleveland,  when  he  formed  the 
present  partnership  of  Duncan  & San- 
ders. That  the  Major  has  made  a com- 
plete success  at  bis  profession  is  a matter 
of  record.  He  was  elected  Solicitor  of 
this,  the  Seventh  Judicial  Circuit,  in 
1880  and  discharges  the  duties  of  the  po- 
sition with  becoming  grace.  He  is  re- 
nominated this  year  unopposed.  He  is 
a man  of  wide  and  varied  experience, 
can  suit  himself  to  all  kinds  of  men, 
and  as  a consequence  there  is  not  a more 
popular  man  in  the  county.  In  '65  and 
’66  and  in  ’70-’71  he  sat  in  the  House, 
and  from  ’72-’76  represented  Spartan- 
burg county  in  the  Senate.  In  the  House 
he  was  on  the  judiciary  committee  and 
in  the  Senate  was  on  the  finance  commit- 
tee. From  ’76  '80  he  was  President  of 
the  Spartanburg  and  Asheville  Railroad 
and  constructed  the  extension  across  the 
Blue  Ridge  and  the  position  called  forth 
a happy  adaptation  of  his  financial 
method.  The  Major  has  been  delegate 
to  every  State  Convention  since  the  war. 
He  is  attorney  for  the  Air  Line  and  the 
S.,  U.  and  C.  R.  R.  He  married  a Vir- 
ginia lady,  and  is  a Chapter  Mason  and 
Odd  Fellow.  The  Major  has  become 
noted  for  his  impromptu  speeches,  and 
is  invariably  called  upon  at  public  and 
private  gatherings  in  the  locality  as  the 
most  available  man  to  address  an  audi- 
ence off-hand. 


W.  B.  HALLETT  & CO., 

Ice  Factory. 

As  the  most  recent  addition  to  the  in- 
dustry of  Spartanburg,  we  note  the 


State  of  South  Carolina. 


171 


above  enterprise,  which  has  been  estab- 
lished on  a broad,  deep  and  sure  basis, 
by  men  of  mature  experience  and  large 
capital.  The  building  is  well  fitted  in 
its  arrangements  and  built  with  the  view 
of  making  ice  on  a scale  sufficient  to  sup- 
ply a wide  territory.  It  is  three  stories 
high,  47x77  feet.  Entering  a neatly 
furnished  office  on  the  top  floor  of  the 
building,  we  are  courteously  met  by  the 
owners,  who  we  readily  see  are  full  of 
energy  and  activity.  Proceeding  to  in- 
quiries we  learn  that  they  use  Smith’s 
ammonia  process,  which  is  the  best  in- 
vented, namely,  it  makes  the  hardest 
ice  in  the  quickest  time.  Descending  to 
the  ground  floor,  we  find  at  work  in  a 
long  room,  46x17.  the  engine,  of  the  At- 
lantic Steam  Engine  Company,  30-horse, 
a double  ammonia  pump  weighing  17,500 
pounds,  massive  cylinders,  pistons,  rods, 
eccentrics,  fly  wheels,  etc.,  and  the  other 
necessary  components  of  the  pressing  or 
condensing  arrangement,  by  which  the 
freezing  medium,  the  ammonia  gas,  is 
made  into  the  condensed  form.  This 
passes  from  the  room  through  a small 
pipe,  and  any  one  putting  their  hand  on 
this  receive  a striking  illustration  of  the 
laws  of  latent  heat.  The  heat  given  out 
by  the  ammonia  in  its  condensation 
makes  the  pipe  too  hot  to  keep  the  hand 
on.  By  pressure  the  vapor  is  driven 
to  the  condenser  on  the  top  of  the  house, 
which  consists  of  a worm  of  piping 
about  one-third  of  a mile  long,  over 
which  a stream  of  cold  water  is  con- 
stantly flowing,  the  water  being  sent  up 
by  a small  pump  in  the  engine  room. 
The  ammonia  issues  from  the  bottom  of 
this  condenser,  in  the  liquid  form,  pre- 
paratory to  passing  to  the  tanks.  The 
larger  portion  of  the  building  is  occu- 
pied by  two  wooden  tanks,  one  8,000 
gallons,  and  the  other  5,000  gallons,  and 
the  ice  room,  with  a capacity  of  170  tons. 
The  arrangement  of  freezing  the  water 
in  these  vessels,  is  such  as  to  imitate 
nature,  so  that  the  ice  forms  solid  blocks, 
20  inches  thick,  harder  than  any  lake  ice 
obtained  outside  of  the  polar  regions. 
The  freezing,  which  takes  about  seven 
days  for  completion,  is  produced  by  the 
expansion  of  the  liquid  ammonia,  which 
is,  on  entering  the  tanks,  reduced  to  72 
degrees  below  zero,  and  the  pipes  which 
now  convey  it,  are  protected  by  a jacket 


of  solid  ice,  caused  by  the  deposition  of 
the  moisture  of  the  atmosphere.  The 
well  water  is  filtered  through  sand  and 
charcoal  before  passing  to  the  tanks  to 
be  frozen.  The  factory  started  on  the 
26th  June  last,  and  is  rapidly  supplying 
a large  trade  over  Union,  Laurens,  Spar- 
tanburg and  the  adjacent  counties  of 
North  Carolina.  They  have  the  ma- 
chinery and  tankage  for  manufacturing 
six  tons  daily,  which  will  soon  be  in- 
creased to  turn  out  twelve  tons.  They 
furnish  ice  in  car-load  lots,  at  lower 
rates  than  it  has  yet  been  sold  in  this 
country,  and  at  retail  they  supply  it  de- 
livered at  one  cent,  per  pound.  They 
run  a wagon  in  town  and  issue  packages 
of  tickets  worth  $5.50,  which  are  sold 
for  $5.00  cash.  The  establishment  is  a 
model  one  in  every  way,  its  ice  is  supe- 
rior, as  proved  by  experiment,  to  the  best 
lake.  A night  and  a day  engineer  are 
employed.  Being  on  the  railroad  track, 
they  can  easily  fill  the  largest  orders,  and 
the  ability  and  politeness  of  the  owners 
is  in  keeping  with  these  advantages. 
These  gentlemen  are  Messrs.  W.  B.  and 
Francis  Hallett  and  Geo.  B.  Winslow, 
all  natives  of  the  Old  Bay  State,  and  we 
only  take  this  opportunity  of  according 
the  gratitude  of  the  community  to  them, 
not  only  for  their  investment  of  some 
$18,000,  which  is  the  cost  of  factory,  but 
for  their  settling  here  and  with  their 
Northern  vim  and  enterprise,  setting  a 
valuable  example  and  giving  a new  pro- 
duct, a new  life  and  a new  industry  to 
this  thriving  agricultural  country,  the 
appreciation  of  whose  inhabitants  is  ex- 
emplified in  the  entire  success  that  has 
attended  their  efforts. 


J.  S.  R.  THOMSON, 

Attorney  at  Law. 

This  name,  one  of  the  best  known  at 
the  bar  of  South  Carolina,  has  been  many 
years  identified  with  this  community. 
Col.  Thomson  was  born  and  raised  in  the 
town  of  Spartanburg  and  finished  his 
education  at  S.  C.  College,  from  which 
he  graduated  in  1860;  in  the  war  he  was 
in  the  Palmetto  Sharpshooters,  and  on 
the  return  of  peace  settled  in  A^ork  and 
pursued  the  study  of  law  with  W.  A. 
Clausen  of  that  town,  being  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1868.  He  commenced  the 


172 


City  of  Spartanburg, 


practice  of  his  profession  in  liis  native 
town  and  almost  at  once  entered  into 
a considerable  business  which  has  gradu- 
ally increased  to  its  present  size.  Mr. 
Thomson  numbers  his  clients  among  all 
classes  of  the  people  of  the  up  country 
and  he  is  generally  credited  with  the 
largest  practice  in  Spartanburg.  Few 
men  are  his  equal  in  knowledge  of  all 
branches  of  law  or  in  reasoning  a point, 
and  fewer  still  have  bis  mature  judg- 
ment and  natural  talent  of  seeing  the  end 
in  the  beginning.  He  is  a member  of 
several  law  associations  aud  has  business 
connections  with  every  city  of  impor- 
tance in  the  Union.  He  is  this  fall 
nominated  for  the  State  Legislature.  He 
is  a Mason,  Philanthropic  Lodge,  York- 
ville  78,  R.  A.  and  Council,  formerly 
belonged  to  the  Grand  Lodge  of  the 
State.  The  Colonel  can  be  found  at  his 
office  opposite  the  P.  0.  every  hour  of 
the  day,  constantly  over  head  and  ears  in 
work,  but  like  all  men  whose  head  and 
hands  are  never  idle,  never  fails  to  find 
time  to  receive  the  modest  visitor.  We 
might  add  he  is  an  inveterate  smoker, 
enjoys  his  pipe  on  and  off  duty,  is  most 
entertaining  on  all  topics  of  science, 
finance,  politics  or  law.  He  has  been 
several  times  Mayor  of  the  town,  and 
held  that  position  in  1874  when  the  city 
was  incorporated.  He  takes  always  a 
lively  interest  in  the  community  and  is  a 
pillar  in  Spartanburg’s  strength  and  so- 


W.  C.  CANNON, 

Groceries,  Hardware,  Wagons,  Bug- 
gies and  Plows,  Agricultural 
Implements,  etc. 

This  establishment,  one  of  the  most 
important  mercantile  concerns  in  town, 
dates  its  existence  from  1866,  when 
Messrs.  Blake  & Cannon  commenced  in 
business  together.  In  1876  they  dis- 
solved partnership,  and  since  that  time 
Mr.  Cannon  has  continued  his  career 
alone,  gradually  increasing  his  custom 
to  its  present  wide  dimensions,  extend- 
ing all  over  Spartanburg,  Union,  Lau- 
rens, and  the  adjacent  counties  of  North 
Carolina.  The  store  is  24x80  feet  in  di- 
mensions, in  the  rear  of  which  is  a fur- 
ther extension  of  45  feet.  Here  purchas- 
ers will  find  a full  line  of  staple  and 


fancy  groceries,  etc.  The  hardware 
stock  is  very  complete  and  well  assorted, 
containing  shelf  and  heavy  hardware, 
mechanics’,  builders’,  and  carpenters’ 


tools,  bar-iron  and  steel,  belting,  cutlery, 
etc. ; in  agricultural  implements  the  house 
handles  the  best  goods  in  the  market — 
Brennan  & Go’s.,  Avery’s,  etc.,  the  fa- 
mous Richmond  and  Syracuse  chill  plows. 
These  goods  are  shown  in  a spacious 
warehouse  adjoining  the  store  30x60  feet, 
with  L 30x50,  where  their  stock  of  wag- 
ons and  buggies,  mostly  supplied  from 
the  workshop  of  the  United  States  Car- 


riage Co.  , also  displays  to  intending  pur- 
chasers as  fine  a line  of  durable  aud  well 
finished  vehicles  as  is  in  the  up  country. 
The  whole  stock  will  average  some 


State  of  South  Carolina. 


173 


$10,000  in  value,  is  being  constantly  re- 
plenished from  the  most  reliable  jobbers 
and  manufacturers,  and  is  sold  to  con- 
tomers  at  the  lowest  prices.  Three  com- 
petent hands  are  employed,  and  the  es- 
tablishment is  in  every  way  an  agreeable 
one  to  enter  into  business  relations 
with. 


Mr.  W.  C.  Cannon  is  a native  of  Spar- 
tanburg, and  long  known  among  her 
trusted  citizens  and  reliable  merchants. 
In  the  late  war  he  served  first  in  the  13th 
South  Carolina,  later  with  Gen.  Stuart. 
He  is  an  influential  man  in  political  cir- 
cles, is  one  of  the  best  jury  commission- 
ers in  the  comity,  and  for  two  terms  filled 
the  post  of  Alderman.  He  is  a member 
of  the  Methodist  church  and  altogether 
a weighty  factor  in  the  general  weal. 


BOWDEN,  EARLE  & OLI- 
PH  ANT, 

Dealers  in  Staple  and  Fancy  Dry 
Goods,  Notions  and  Millinery. 

If  the  enterprise  and  commercial  ad- 
vantages of  this  city  are  more  clearly  es- 
tablished by  one  fact  than  by  all  others, 
it  is  in  the  increasing  number  of  firms 
whose  experience  has  led  them  to  under- 
stand, that  trading  in  one  line  of  mer- 
chandise is  more  lucrative  to  the  mer- 
chant and  more  convenient  and  profitable 
to  the  customers,  than  where  one  capital 
is  invested  in  several  lines  of  goods. 
Prominent  among  those  whose  wisdom 
has  dictated  this  policy  and  whose  suc- 
cess is  proof  of  the  rule  is  the  above  well- 
known  firm.  Col.  Bowden  long  con- 


ducted business  in  Gowansville,  Green- 
ville county,  which  town  becoming  too 
small  for  him  he  moved  to  Spartanburg. 
The  house  was  first  known  as  Bowden, 
Goodlett  & Co.,  then  Bowden  & Earle, 
succeeded  bv  R.  L.  Bowden  & Co.,  and 
finally  on  the  1st  January,  ’83,  the  pre- 
sent firm  was  formed.  They  command 
the  patronage  of  the  best  families  in  the 
county.  The  store  is  in  the  public 
square,  consists  of  a spacious  floor  and 
basement,  each  25x165  feet  in  extent. 
The  stock  is  valued  at  some  115,000, 
containing  a complete  line  of  imported 
and  domestic  drygoods,  fancy,  white  and 
dress  goods,  a large  assortment  of  Ameri- 
can and  foreign  notions,  and  the  latest 
styles  in  millinery.  The  goods  are  taste- 
fully displayed,  giving  customers  every 
opportunity  of  making  a selection.  In 
the  basement,  which  is  well  lit,  a stock 
of  all  designs  of  carpets  from  cocoanut 
matting  to  Persian  rugs  is  kept.  Six 
salesmen  are  employed.  The  members  of 
the  firm  are  R.  L.  Bowden,  T.  J.  Earle 
and  R.  A.  Oliphant.  Col.  Bowden,  one 
of  the  most  solid  and  experienced  mer- 
chants of  upper  South  Carolina,  was  born 
and  raised  in  Spartanburg  county.  In 
the  late  war  as  Captain  in  the  Thir- 
teenth South  Carolina,  Gregg’s  Brigade, 
he  commanded  Co.  A in  all  the  memo- 
rable fights  Hill’s  Division  was  engaged 
in.  After  receiving  severe  wounds  at 
second  Manassas  and  Gettysburg,  where 
his  company  was  heavily  engaged,  he  was 
disabled  for  further  service.  He  was 
three  terms  an  Alderman.  The  Colonel 
is  K.  of  H.  He  is  a director  in  the  B. 
and  L.  Association  and  a pillar  of  Spar- 
tanburg’s financial  strength.  His  part- 
ner, Mr.  Oliphant,  is  a native  of  Spar- 
tanburg and  a valuable  acquisition  to 
business  circles,  while  the  second  partner 
is  non-active  in  the  business  and  resides 
in  Greenville  county. 


J.  A.  LEE  & SON, 

General  Merchandise. 

Among  those  long  prominently  identi- 
fied with  the  growth  and  advancement 
of  this  county,  we  note  the  above  famil- 
iar name.  Mr.  Lee  first  started  business 
in  1847,  and  is  thus  the  oldest  merchant 
now  in  town.  The  firm  was  then  Lee  & 
Bates,  which  copartnership  lasted  only 


174 


City  of  Spartanburg, 


two  years,  Mr.  Lee  continuing  alone  till 
1852,  when  the  name  became  Lee  & 
Twitty,  who  were  succeeded  in  1855,  by 
Lee  & Briggs.  After  the  war  the  same 
house  re-opened,  and  from  1867-71,  was 
known  as  J.  A.  Lee  & Co.  From  then 
till  ’83,  when  he  took  his  son  in  partner- 
ship, Mr.  Lee  was  alone  in  business  and 
succeeded  in  placing  his  house  as  the 
leading  one  of  the  town. 


The  premises,  on  the  Tpublic  square, 
are  divided  into  two  stores,  one  the  dry 
goods,  the  other  groceries,  both  28x120 
feet.  They  are  well  adapted  to  the  re- 
quirements of  a large  business,  and  they 
present  at  all  hours  of  the  day  a lively 
and  busy  appearance.  The  stock  car- 
ried averages  from  825,000  to  830.000, 
and  is  perhaps  the  most  complete  in 
town.  It  consists  of  foreign  and  domes- 
tic dry  goods,  white,  dress  and  fancy 
goods  and  hosiery,  a large  assortment  of 
the  latest  American  notions,  tasteful  dis- 
play of  millinery,  gents,  youths  and 
boys  clothing,  hats  and  caps,  ladies, 
gents  and  children’s  shoes  of  all  sizes 
and  qualities,  a full  line  of  staple  and 
fancy  groceries,  fine  crockery  and  china 
shelf  and  heavy  hardware,  etc.  They 
are  also  agents  for  Wan  do  and  Pacific 
fertilizers,  of  which  they  handle  annu- 
ally between  300  and  400  tons,  the  busi- 
ness in  this  line  being  conducted  by  Lee 
& Bates.  The  trade  extends  through 
Spartanburg,  Union  and  Laurens,  and 
also  Rutherford,  Pope  and  Cleveland 
counties  of  IN".  C.  Mr.  J.  A.  Lee  is  a 


native  of  Spartanburg  county,  always 
been  one  of  her  leading  merchants  and 
most  honored  citizens.  That  he  has 
gained  his  present  position  as  one  of  the 
solidest  men  of  the  county  by  industry, 
good  management  and  economy,  is  appa- 
rent when  we  know  that  he  started — figu- 
ratively speaking — on  nothing,  and  that 
he  is  a high-toned  merchant  lies  in  the 
fact,  that  during  his  38  years  of  business 
life,  he  has  not  compromised  on  a single 
debt.  He  is  a member  of  the  Methodist 
church,  and  from  about  1850-1865  was 
Postmaster  at  this  point.  His  son,  J.  B. 
Lee,  is  his  partner.  The  house  employs 
an  army  of  10  to  14  clerks  and  salesmen. 
We  only  reflect  public  sentiment  in  saying 
that  no  other  house  in  this  city  is  more  de- 
serving of  extended  notice  in  these  pages. 


J.  M.  ELFORD, 

Insurance  and  Real  Estate  Agent. 
Attorney  at  Law. 


The  subject  of  insurance  is  one  the  ad- 
vantage of  which  to  a community  daily 
becomes  more  and  more  apparent,  and 
we  might  well  say  to  the  commercial 
world  the  insurance  agent  is  the  most 
useful  adjunct,  for  by  his  aid  how  many 
millions  of  property  are  preserved,  and 
how  often  does  it  happen  that  men  by 
neglecting  the  opportunities  he  offers  be- 
come financially  ruined,  and  behold  cir- 
cling in  a cloud  of  smoke  the  noble  re- 
sults of  a lifetime’s  toil h 
Mr.  Elford  has  been  in  this  business 
20  years.  He  represents  the  staunchest 
and  oldest  companies  of  the  world,  whose 
names  are  synonyms  of  reliability  and 
require  no  comment  at  our  hands  : 


Company.  Established. 

Sun  Fire  Office 1710. . 

Phoenix  of  London  ...  1782 . . 

Hartford  . . . .' 1810 . . 

Springfield 1849 . . 

Connecticut 1850 . - 

Lancashire  of  Manch’r.  1852 . . 
Queen  of  England ....  1858 . . 

Georgia  Home 1859 . . 

Commercial  Union. . . . 1861 . . 

Rochester  German. . . . . . 

Lion  of  London .. 

Underwriters  Agency. 

Germania • . 


. Assets. 

81.475. 783 
1.352,946 
4.541.239 
2,585,633 
1,837,729 
1.509.362 
1.752.207 
750.000 
2,327,636 
575.323 
1.000,000 
3.500.000 
2.562.136 


Total $25,769,994 


StATE  OF  §OUTH  CAROLINA. 


176 


Also  the  Valley  Mutual  Life  Insur- 
ance. 

In  real  estate  he  has  always  on  his 
books  a large  number  of  house  and  store 
lots,  private  residences,  business  premi- 
ses and  farm  lands  at  all  prices  and  in 
every  part  of  the  county,  and  from  flme 
to  time  sends  out  circulars  of  special  of- 
fers he  has  for  sale,  rent  or  exchange. 
This  gentleman  was  born  in  Charleston 
county  but  was  raised  in  the  up  country. 
He  studied  law  withJas.  V.  Trimmierof 
this  town  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1855.  He  practiced  as  a member  of  the 
firm  Sullivan,  Elford  & Winsmith  in 
Laurens  and  later  as  partner  with  his 
brother  in  Greenville  till  the  latter’s 
death  in  1872.  He  has  since  practiced 
law  in  this  county  alone,  and  makes  a 
specialty  of  collecting  claims.  In  the  war 
he  was  Confederate  agent  for  Spartan- 
burg county,  has  ably  discharged  the 
duties  of  magistrate  for  over  20  years,  is 
at  present  clerk  for  the  county  commis- 
sioners, of  the  city  council  and  secretary 
for  several  other  societies. 


S.  B EZELL. 

Hardware,  Groceries,  Agricultu- 
ral Implements,  etc. 


Mr.  S.  B.  Ezell  originally  started  in 
business  alone  in  the  grocery  line  in  1876 
on  the  opposite  side  of  the  street.  In 
the  January  following  the  name  became 
Ezell  & Dean,  who  at  the  same  time 
bought  out  C.  E.  Fleming  & Co.;  in 
June,  1878,  this  firm  dissolved,  Mr.  Ezell 
continuing  alone,  and  in  January  of 
1880  moved  into  his  present  premises, 
and  has  steadily  extended  his  operations. 


which  ramify  all  over  Spartanburg, 
Union  and  Laurens  counties,  and  the 
adjacent  territory  of  North  Carolina. 
The  store  located  under  the  Merchants 
Hotel,  is  23x100  feet.  The  stock  aver- 
aging some  $6,000  in  value,  consists  of 
hardware  and  agricultural  implements, 
plows,  hoes,  axes,  shovels,  spades,  forks, 
traces,  hames,  grain  cradles,  cutlery, 
guns,  carpenters’  and  mechanics’  tools, 
builders’  hardware,  hollow  ware,  fence 
wire,  paints  and  oils,  etc.  The  grocery 
stock  is  likewise  full  and  complete,  and 
embraces  sugars,  coffees,  teas  and  molas- 
ses, bacon,  flour,  crackers,  candy,  spices, 
canned  goods,  best  chewing  and  smok- 
ing tobaccos  and  cigars,  crockery,  glass- 
ware, wooden  ware,  garden  seeds,  etc. 
He  also  handles  fertilizers,  limestone 
and  Georgia  lime,  and  is  agent  for  Zim- 
merman’s celebrated  dryer  and  baker, 
the  famous  Champion  mowers  and  reap- 
ers and  the  Planet,  Jr.,  horse  hoe  and 
cultivator.  Two  hands  assist  the  pro- 
prietor, and  a dray  is  called  into  requisi- 
tion. In  all  his  relations  Mr.  Ezell  is 
to  be  fully  relied  upon,  and  we  can  as- 
sure the  public  that  parties  entering  into 
business  with  him  will  find  him  exper- 
ienced and  straightforward  in  the  high- 
est degree.  He  is  also  the  agent  for  the 
duplex  gin  sharpener,  which  has  im- 
mense superiority  over  the  old  fashion. 
Mr.  Ezell  was  born  in  this  county  and 
raised  on  a farm.  From  1868  to  1872 
he  was  deputy  Sheriff  of  the  county,  and 
for  three  years  studied  at  Wofford  Col- 
lege, from  where  he  graduated  in  1875. 
He  was  elected  Coroner  in  1876,  was  re- 
elected in  1880,  but  this  year  declines 
nomination,  has  been  often  delegate  to 
the  county  conventions,  is  a leading 
member  of  the  Baptist  church  and  Su- 
perintendent of  the  Sunday  School, 
which  has  150  pupils,  and  often  a repre- 
sentative to  their  State  and  National 
conventions,  including  the  Sunday 
School  conference  in  Atlanta.  He  is  a 
member  of  the  K.  of  IL,  and  K.  and  L. 
of  H.,  and  a Mason.  He  is  building  a 
handsome  brick  residence  just  beyond 
the  Opera  House. 


GLENN  SPRINGS, 

Simpson  & Simpson,  Proprietors. 

In  noticing  this  celebrated  watering  place,  one  of  the  institutions  of  the  State, 
we  would  refer  our  reader  to  the  general  article  upon  the  climate  and  health  of  the 


City  of  SpartanbTjR& 


iwi 


Piedmont  section,  after  which  it  will  be  unnecessary  to  repeat  the  great  advantages 
and  comforts  this  section  of  country  offers,  not  only  to  the  invalid  seeking  the  wa- 
ters and  a location  south  of  Mason  and  Dixon’s  line,  free  from  the  malarial  affections 
that  surely  attack  all  living  in  almost  any  section  of  the  South,  but  to  the  hard- 
working business  man  or  the  lady  overcome  with  the  hot  days  and  oppressive  nights 
that  are  the  inheritance  of  the  populous  cities  and  less-favored  regions  in  every  quar- 
ter of  our  continent  North  and  South,  East  and  West.  Glenn  Springs  is  situated 
twelve  miles  south  of  the  city  of  Spartanburg,  on  the  great  Air  Line  between  the 
North  and  South,  from  which  it  is  accessible  by  a daily  stage  line  by  a pleasant  and 
picturesque  drive  of  two  hours,  and  is  located  in  the  very  centre  of  this  Piedmont 
region,  upon  which  Nature  seems  to  have  lavished  her  every  blessing. 

Discovery  of  the  Spring. 


Tradition  says  that  in  1764 — over  a century  ago — when  the  wild  deer,  and  other 
denizens  of  the  forest,  were  plentiful  in  the  District  of  Spartanburg,  old  hunters 
observed  trails  converging  from  all  points  of  the  compass  to  a certain  marshy  cove 


GliENN  SPRINGS  HOTEE. 


at  the  base  of  a hill,  where  the  celebrated  spring  is  now  situated.  To  this  marsh 
these  wild  animals  were  in  the  habit,  in  the  spring  time  and  summer,  of  resorting  to 
drink  the  water  that  ran  from  it,  and  many  an  antlered  buck  lost  his  life  in  caring 
for  his  health.  After  the  time  of  the  deer  and  the  buffalo,  the  cattle  of  the  early  set- 
tlers had  the  same  resort,  and  when  lost  from  distant  sections,  they  were  almost 
always  found  at  what  was  then  called  the  "Powder  Marsh.” 

The  early  settlers  observing  this  fact,  scooped  holes  in  the  marsh  for  the  water 
to  fill  up,  and  used  them  as  bathing  places  for  their  children,  and  indeed,  all  who 
had  any  eruptive  disease,  and  for  years  and  years  it  was  regarded  as  a sovereign 
remedy  for  complaints  of  this  character.  At  that  early  age  the  spring  was  not 
found,  and  the  water  was  only  used  for  bathing  purposes. 


STALE  of  South  Carolina.  177 


Subsequently,  however,  the  spring  was  discovered  and  the  people  began  to 
imitate  the  example  of  their  cattle,  and  commenced  drinking  the  water,  which 
they  found,  if  possible,  more  efficacious  than  bathing  in  it. 

After  the  spring  had  attained  something  more  than  a local  notoriety,  it  was 
bought  by  a company  of  gentlemen  who  obtained  a charter  from  the  Legislature 
and  built  the  present  hotel  and  eight  cottages  in  the  lawn. 

The  Hotel. 

The  hotel  is  situated  on  a commanding  eminence  surroundedHoy  a beauti- 
ful grove  of  native  oaks.  The  building  is  elegant  and  capacious^  The  main 
centre  building  is  sixty  feet  long  and  three  stories  high,  above  the  basement, 
with  wings  extending  out  on  each  side  fifty  feet,  and  a wing  in  the  rear  fifty 
feet  long,  all  two  stories  high. 


NORTH  ROW  OF  COTTAGES. 

In  addition  to  the  bed  rooms  there  are  neatly  appointed  parlors,  sitting- 
rooms,  reading  room,  billiard  room,  ball  room,  etc. 

And  in  addition  to  the  hotel  building  proper,  there  are  also  fu  the  beau- 
tiful grove  in  front,  arranged  to  the  right  and  left,  eight  two-story  cottages  of 
six  rooms  each  for  the  use  of  the  hotel  and  for  rent. 

Amusements. 

All  amusements  usually  found  at  well  appointed  watering  places  are  at  hand  for 
the  enjoyment  of  the  Glenn  Springs  guests. 

There  is  a good  ten-pin  alley  conveniently  located,  billiard  tables,  bagatelle 


its 


City  of  Sparta NiWiio, 


tables,  croquet  grounds,  swings,  quoits,  &c.  There  is  also  a fine  dancing  hall,  good 
music  always  on  hand  and  dancing  every  night. 

For  the  ladies  there  is  a good  piano  in  one  of  the  parlors.  The  arrangements 
and  appointments  of  the  house  are  so  admirable  that  none  of  these  amusements  will 
in  any  degree  disturb  or  annoy  the  more  quiet  and  sedate  guests. 

For  those  who  desire  pleasure  rides,  there  will  be  conveyances  always  at  hand 
at  reasonable  rates.  Some  of  the  interesting  points  near  are  the  State  Deaf,  Dumb 
Blind  Institution  at  Cedar  Springs,  Glendale  and  Clifton  factories,  West  Springs 
and  several  gold  mines. 

Mail  Facilities,  Stage  Lines,  &c. 

There  is  during  the  season  a daily  mail  to  and  from  the  Springs. 

There  is  a daily  stage  line  from  the  city  of  Spartanburg  to  the  Springs,  run- 
ning a regular  schedule,  arranged  so  that  passengers  will  take  the  stage  at  the  depot, 
and  go  straight  through  to  the  Springs. 

Conveyances  can  also  be  had  at  Union  C.  H.,  on  the  S.,  U.  & C.  R.  R.,  and 
sixteen  miles  from  the  Springs, to  carry  passengers  to  the  Springs. 

The  Mineral  Water 

maintains  a reputation  equal  to  any  on  the  continent.  It  has  been  known  for  a 
hundred  years,  and  thousands  of  invalids  can  attest  to  its  wonderful  curative  powers. 
Dyspepsia,  affections  of  liver,  kidneys  and  skin  are  speedily  and  effectually  cured 
by  its  use;  also  in  dropsy,  neuralgia  and  rheumatism  it  has  made  many  remarkable 
cures. 

The  high  appreciation  that  natural  mineral  waters  are  held  in  by  the  med- 
ical profession  all  over  the  world  is  well  known,  and  that  the  artificial  imitations 
do  not  possess  their  virtues  at  all  is  an  accepted  fact. 

Messrs.  Simpson '&  Simpson  are  constantly  receiving  letters  of  recommendation 
from  distinguished  physicians  from  this  State  and  all  parts  of  the  United  States, 
and  communications  from  patients  testifying  to  cures  what  it  has  accomplished. 
“When  the  water  is  drank  fresh  from  the  Spring,  by  one  unaccustomed  to  its  use, 
it  has  a bitter  saline  taste,  ‘like  Epsom  Salts,’  is  the  universal  formula  of  expression 
— does  not  produce  weight  or  distension  of  the  stomach,  even  when  used  freely.  It 
is  diuretic,  producing  commonly  free,  full,  colorless  discharges;  purgative  in  full 
and  repeated  draughts,  alterative  in  small  doses,  also  increases  the  appetite  and 
powers  of  digestion." 

It  is  impossible  to  give  definite  directions  that  will  apply  to  all  cases.but  the  follow- 
ing hints  will  serve  as  a guide  in  using  the  water:  This  water  is  not  a purgative  but 

rather  alterative  in  its  effect,  though  when  taken  in  large  quantities  on  an  empty 
stomach  it  will  act  freely  on  the  bowels. 

Prof.  Walton,  in  his  recent  work  on  the  “Mineral  Springs  of  the  United  States 
and  Canada,”  says:  “The  alterative  effect  of  mineral  waters,  in  a majority  of  dis- 

eases, is  by  far  the  most  important  quality.” 

The  best  results  are  not  obtained  by  those  persons  on  whose  bowels  the  water 
acts  too  freely,  though  they  generally  feel  best  while  using  the  water,  while  those 
who  are  but  little  purged  feel  best  after  they  have  left  off  the  water,  and  who,  gen- 
erally, enjoy  the  most  permanent  advantage. 

It  is  often  the  case  that  persons  receive  no  perceptible  benefits  while  at  the 
Spring,  but  as  soon  as  they  return  home  they  begin  to  improve. 

Length  of  Tihe  to  be  Used,  etc. 

There  is  no  greater  folly  in  the  use  of  mineral  waters  than  that  of  laying 
down  a definite  period  of  time  for  which  they  should  be  used,  without  reference  to 
their  effects  on  the  system.  There  is  a prevailing  opinion  that  Glenn  Springs  water 
should  not  be  used  longer  than  two  weeks;  while  some  persons  with  certain  diseases 
are  cured  in  two  weeks,  others  with  the  same  diseases  may  require  the  use  of  the 


State  oe  South  Carolina. 


179 


water  for  four  weeks  to  receive  the  same  benefits.  It  often  occurs  that  invalids 
having  used  Glenn  Springs  water  for  ten  days  or  two  weeks  and  receiving  no  appre- 
ciable benefits,  leave  off  the  use  of  it  and  think  the  water  not  suited  to  their  case, 
simply  because  they  had  used  it  as  long  as  some  others  who  had  been  entirely  cured 
in  that  time,  when  all  the  time  the  water  had  been  doing  its  work  quietly  but  surely 
and  would  have  made  a permanent  cure  had  they  continued  using  it,  but  having 
stopped  it,  they  lost  all  the  good  the  water  had  effected. 

It  is  a well  known  fact  that  however  short  or  long  a time  it  takes  to  effect  it, 
Glenn  Springs  Mineral  Water  will  cure  the  following 

Diseases  : 

Dyspepsia,  liver  complaint,  chronic  heptatis,  jaundice,  torpor  of  liver  and  gen- 
eral debility  following  upon  malarial  diseases,  dropsy,  diarrhoea,  dysentery,  consti- 
pation, hemorrhoids,  uterine,  venal  and  cystic  diseases,  hasmaturia,  rheumatism  and 
catamenial  derangement. 

Messrs.  Simpson  do  a large  and  rapidly  increasing  trade  in  shipping  this  valu- 
able water  to  all  parts  of  the  South.  The  water  is  bottled  and  sealed  at  the  springs 
and  securely  packed  in  cases  of  two  dozen  quart  bottles. 

The  hotel  at  the  springs  is  open  from  the  1st  May  to  15th  October  and  between 
two  hundred  and  three  hundred  guests  are  there  all  the  time,  which  is  ample  proof 
of  the  popularity  of  the  establishment.  Messrs.  H.  S.  & Paul  Simpson,  the  pro- 
prietors, are  constantly  on  hand  and  are  very  attentive  to  the  wants  of  their  patrons. 
They  are  originally  from  Laurens  county,  nephews  of  the  present  Chief  Justice  of 
the  State,  have  been  running  the  springs  for  sis  years,  and  their  remarkable  success 
is  only  a merited  consequence  of  their  enterprise,  ability  and  strict  attention  to 
business. 

For  terms  and  numerous  pamphlets  published  about  Glenn  Springs  we  refer  our 
readers  to  the  proprietors,  Messrs.  Simpson  & Simpson. 


J.  W.  McMILLIAN, 

Watchmaker,  Jeweler,  Etc. 

S.  Leopold,  Manager. 

To  adorn  the  person  is  a characteris- 
tic of  the  race  that  has  followed  it  from 
the  cradle  of  time,  through  every  change 
and  condition.  It  was  this  desire  that 
gave  birth  to  the  jeweler’s  art.  In  early 
and  unlettered  ages,  it  glittered  with  all 
the  grotesque  pomp  of  savage  thought, 
but  as  men  grew  less  rude  and  more  in- 
genious, it  became  the  queen  of  mechan- 
ical arts. 

The  above  house  was  established  five 
years  ago,  its  trade  is  in  Spartanburg, 
Laurens,  Union  and  Rutherford  coun- 
ties. The  store,  25x50  feet  in  dimen- 
sions, two  story,  is  centrally  located  on 
Main  Street.  Its  stock  shows  in  its 
variety  and  arrangement,  great  taste  and 
intelligence  on  the  part  of  its  owners, 
and  reflects  in  a creditable  manner  the 
refinement  of  the  people  of  this  section 
of  country.  It  consists  of  an  assort- 
ment of  American  and  foreign  gold  and 


silver  watches,  imported  clocks,  dia- 
monds and  jewelry,  triple  plated  and 
solid  silver  ware,  spectacles  and  eye- 
glasses after  the  latest  pattern,  opera 
glasses,  microscopes  and  musical  instru- 
ments, These  latter  are  on  show  in  the 
second  story.  This  house  carries  a very 
fine  line  of  goods,  and  parties  remote 
from  the  city,  may  by  corresponding  with 
the  firm,  acquire  all  the  advantages  that 
the  establishment  offers.  Two  compe- 
tent hands  are  employed  and  repairing 
is  promptly  done  at  moderate  charges. 
The  proprietor,  Mr.  J.  W.  McMillian,  is 
a man  of  reliability  and  capital.  He  was 
born  in  Charleston,  raised  in  Alabama, 
and  in  the  war  was  master  armorer  in 
the  Charleston  Arsenal,  and  is  now  lo- 
cated in  Charlotte.  He  is  represented 
in  Spartanburg  by  Mr.  S.  Leopold,  a man 
of  extended  experience,  and  at  home  in 
the  details  of  his  business.  He  is  a na- 
tive of  Indiana,  was  raised  in  Tennessee, 
and  since  11  years  old  has  been  traveling 
over  the  whole  world,  and  in  the  war 
served  the  Confederate  cause.  He  is  at- 


180 


City  op  Spartanburg 


tentive  to  his  customers  and  agreeable  to 
do  business  with. 


NATIONAL  BANK  OF  SPAR- 
TANBURG. 

George  Cofield,  President. 

This  bank  was  founded  in  1871,  the 
first  President  being  G.  Cannon,  the  sec- 
ond D.  C.  Judd,  and  the  third  the  pres- 
ent incumbent.  George  Cofield. 

The  following  general  statement  shows 
the  healthy  condition  of  the  institution: 


Resources. 

Loans  and  discounts $152,866 

U.  S.  bonds 100,100 

Real  estate,  fixtures,  etc  . . . 8,000 

Redemption  fund, 4,500 

Cash  on  hand 96,400 

Liabilities. 

Capital  Stock $100,000 

Circulation 90,000 

Surplus 50,000 

Average  Dividends  10  per  cent, 
per  annum 

Deposits 116,000 


The  shares  cannot  be  purchased  at 
$140.  The  bank  occupies  a central 
building  22-|-x80  feet. 

It  is  well  furnished,  is  provided  with 
large  stone  vault  and  the  most  improved 
fire  and  burglar  proof  safes,  with  time- 
locks,  three  of  the  four  officers,  the 
President,  Cashier  and  Assistant  Cashier 
give  their  undivided  time  to  the  affairs 
of  the  institution.  The  President,  Mr. 
George  Cofield  is  a native  of  Union 
county,  came  to  Spartanburg  in  1856, 
graduated  from  Wofford  in  1858,  and 
married  in  1859.  In  the  war  he  served 
as  a lieutenant  of  the  Holcombe  Legion. 
At  the  return  of  peace  he  merchandised 
some  time,  became  Cashier  of  the  Citi- 
zen’s Savings  Bank  and  on  the  organiza- 
tion of  the  National  Bank,  Cashier  of 
both.  The  Savings  Bank  failing  in  the 
crash  of  1873,  he  continued  Cashier  of 
the  National  till  1881,  when  elected 
President. 

He  is  a R.  A.  Mason,  has  been  six 
years  Treasurer  of  the  Chapter,  and  has 
held  the  same  post  in  the  Iv.  of  H.  for 
a similar  length  of  time.  He  was  Sec- 
retary and  Treasurer  of  the  two 
Building  and  Loan  Associations,  which 


have  closed  out,  and  will  have  the  same 
office  in  the  third  one  to  commence  oper- 
ations in  January,  1885. 


T.  J.  TRIMMiER, 

Books,  Stationery  and  Printing, 
also  Publisher  of  the  “ Spartan- 
burg Herald.” 


The  above  establishment  may  be  safely 
called  one  of  the  most  important  enter- 
prises of  Spartanburg,  and  its  proprietor 
one  of  those  men  to  whom  the  second 
county  of  the  State  owes  its  prominence 
and  the  development  of  its  resources. 
The  business  Mr.  Trimmier  started  in 
1875  on  a comparatively  small  scale  as  a 
job  printing  establishment,  and  by  in- 
dustry, good  management  and  energy 
has  extended  his  operations  and  been 
compelled  to  make  from  time  to  time  va- 
rious additions  and  extensions  till  the 
premises  he  now  occupies  are  the  finest 
and  largest  in  town.  He  was  first  lo- 
cated in  the  rear  of  the  courthouse,  and 
in  ’82  bought,  built  and  moved  into  his 
present  building,  which  is  23x85  feet  in 
dimensions.  On  the  first  floor  is  the 
book  store  proper,  where  is  kept  a full 
supply  of  standard  works,  novels  and  pe- 
riodicals, a large  assortment  of  all  kinds 
of  stationery,  artists  and  drawing  mate- 
rials, gold  pens,  picture  frames,  chro- 
mos,  etc.,  which  are  tastefully  displayed 
on  the  many  tables  and  showcases,  giving 
the  store  a most  attractive  and  inviting 


State  of  South  Carolina.. 


181 


ATRIMMIER’S=- 


NEXT  TO  THE  BANK., 


SPAETANBT7HC,  SO.  CA. 


BRUSHES,  COMBS,  PICTURE  FRAMES, 


L_A_^T  BLANKS,  Etc., 

IN  COMPLETE  ASSORTMENT. 

4-«X  <C>  HI  I w ^ X,  w 

A SPECIALTY,  AT  THE  MOST  REASONABLE  PR'CES. 

All  business  regarding  the  “Spartanburg  Herald”  transacted  in  the  Store. 

T.  J.  TRIMMIER,  Publisher. 


appearance.  On  the  second  floor  are  lo- 
cated the  printing  and  publishing  de- 
partments, equipped  with  the  most  im- 
proved machinery  for  the  printing  of  all 
kinds  of  advertising  designs,  books, 
pamphlets,catalogues,  newspapers,  cards, 
letter  heads,  lawyers’  blanks,  etc.,  in- 
cluding a Hoe  railway  cylinder,  two 
Gordons  and  a Franklin  press.  Work  is 
promptly,  neatly  and  cheaply  done,  and 
the  success  obtained  in  this  department 
is  unexampled,  trade  seeking  the  estab- 
lishment not  only  from  Spartanburg,  but 
from  all  over  the  up  country,  Georgia 
and  North  Carolina,  where  the  house  has 
steadily  gained  a first-class  reputation  for 
its  work,  its  goods  and  its  publication. 
Mr.  Trimmier  is  also  proprietor  and  pub- 
lisher of  the  Spartanburg  Herald,  a paper 
which  requires  little  comment,  as  it  is 
wTell  known  to  the  public  as  one  of  the 
most  influential  and  enterprising  issues 
of  the  South  Carolina  press.  It  is  26x40 
inches,  4 page,  8 column,  is  printed  indis- 
tinct type,  appears  every  Wednesday,  con- 
tains a full  digest  of  the  latest  news, 
much  general  information,  and  able  edi- 


torials on  the  engrossing  topics  of  the 
day.  While  Mr.  Trimmier  is  publisher 
and  proprietor  of  the  Herald  the  paper  is 
owned  by  a joint  stock  company  organ- 
ized by  himself,  the  stockholders  being 
among  the  most  reliable  and  strongest 
men  of  the  city  and  county,  who  repose 
most  implicit  confidence  and  leave  the 
journal  to  his  entire  management.  The 
Herald  was  founded  in  1875,  and  has 
since  it  came  under  the  present  direction 
in  January,  ’84,  steadily  increased  its  cir- 
culation, which  now  runs  as  high  as  any 
Aveekly  in  the  State  and  daily  enjoys  an 
augmenting  popularity.  The  house  em- 
ploys in  all  departments  twelve  hands, 
competent  and  skilled  in  their  several 
duties,  and  publishes  also  the  Tyronian, 
a novel  and  racy  sheet  edited  in  Lynn,  N. 
C.,  appearing  every  Saturday.  It  is  the 
very  thing  that  country  wants,  is  well 
compiled,  and  deserving  of  the  success  it 
bids  fair  to  attain.  Mr.  T.  J.  Trimmier, 
the  sole  owner  and  director  of  this  pros- 
perous institution,  is  well  known  as  one 
of  our  most  go-a-head,  experienced  and 
far-seeing  business  men.  He  is  a native 


182 


City  of  Spartanburg, 


of  Spartanburg  county,  and  from  his 
earliest  days  has  been  identified  with  her 
people,  and  we  might  say  as  widely 
known  as  any  man  in  the  community. 
He  entered  a printing  office  when  fifteen 
years  old  and  was  partly  educated  at 
Wofford.  He  thus  possesses  a thorough 
knowledge  of  printing,  and  this  com- 
bined with  first-class  financial  ability  and 
plenty  of  judicious  advertising — the  soul 
of  every  successful  enterprise — has  aided 
him  to  obtain  grand  and  most  gratifying 
results  where  others  had  entirely  failed. 
Mr.  Trimmier  will  be  found  in  every  re- 
lation most  agreeable  to  do  business  with, 
and  besides  is  as  great  a favorite  socially 
as  himself  and  his  establishment  enjoy 
the  complete  confidence  of  the  public 
generally. 

The  Singer  Manufacturing  Company 
have  their  office  in  Mr.  Trimmier’s  es- 
tablishment, and  under  the  direction  of 
Mr.  H.  T.  Huckabee  have  operated  with 
great  success,  are  gaining  ground  as  such 
an  enterprising  company  as  this  always 
does. 


ALONZO  TANNER, 

Livery  and  Sale  Stables. 

Among  the  representative  men  of  this 
county  whose  energies  and  capital  con- 
duce to  its  progress,  the  above  is  deserv- 
ing of  mention.  Mr.  Tanner  started 
business  six  years  ago  and  enjoys  one  of 
the  largest  patronages  in  his  line  in  the 
up-country.  The  stables  are  just  beside 
the  postoffice ; the  main  building  is 
60x200  feet  in  extent  and  is  a desirable 
place  for  parties  to  board  their  animals 
at.  Besides  this  there  are  several  sheds 
for  mules,  cattle  and  sheep,  of  which 
quite  a large  number  are  handled  here  in 
the  season.  In  the  livery  department 
Mr.  Tanner  keeps  some  twenty  well  bred 
horses  for  riding  and  driving  purposes, 
and  twenty  first-class  buggies  and  other 
vehicles,  which  he  hires  out  at  reasonable 
rates.  He  has  always  in  stock  a large 
selection  of  saddle  and  harness  horses, 
for  sale  or  exchange,  and  parties  buying 
can  rely  upon  his  advice  and  judgment 
and  be  assured  that  all  representations 
made  are  trustworthy.  A daily  hack 
line  is  run  by  this  house  to  Glenn 
Springs.  Mr.  Tanner  personally  super- 
vises the  business  and  gives  prompt 


attention  to  orders.  He  is  a native  of 
Spartanburg,  and  in  the  war  served  six 
months  with  the  Thirteenth  South  Car- 
olina Regulars,  and  was  three  months  in 
prison.  He_  was  formerly  engaged  as  a 
merchant  and  also  In  fanning  ; is  a lead- 
ing man  in  the  Methodist  Church  and  is 
at  present  a candidate  for  county  com- 
missioner. 

Mr.  Tanner  is  also  handling  a very 
efficient  physician's  remedy  for  epilepsy, 
fits,  paralysis,  nervous  prostration,  and 
general  nervous  diseases.  That  this 
medicine  can  cure  or  relieve  epilepsv 
with  its  deplorable  consequences  is  evi- 
denced in  the  fact  that  it  has  never 
failed  in  a single  instance,  and  this  is 
testified  to  by  numerous  certificates  from 
respectable  and  reliable  citizens  of  our 
State.  His  internal  remedies  for  rheu- 
matism and  nueralgia,  and  for  piles  and 
hermorrhoids  have  met  with  similar 
favor.  They  are  prepared  by  George  S. 
Pelzer,  M.  I).,  the  well  known  Charles- 
ton physician,  who  has  used  them  35 
years  in  his  practice. 


HILL  & DAWKINS, 

Druggists. 

Alarge  and  well  conducted  drug  estab- 
lishment, such  as  that  above  mentioned, 
is  most  essentially  invaluable  to  a com- 
munity and  in  Spartanburg  no  name 
is  more  honorably  associated  with  the 
prosperity  of  the  city  than  Messrs.  Hill 
& Dawkins.  The  house  was  established 
in  1876,  as  Austin  & Co.,  and  in  1878. 
the  present  firm  who  constituted  the 
Company,  in  the  first  copartnership  suc- 
ceeded to  the  entire  interest,  since  when 
the  name  of  Hill  tk  Dawkins  has  become 
a household  word  in  every  mansion  and 
hamlet  throughout  the  counties  of  Spar- 
tanburg, Union,  Laurens.  Newberry  and 
the  adjoining  territory  of  North  Caro- 
lina, where  the  patronage  of  the  rich 
and  the  poor  alike  always  seeks  this  com- 
mon centre,  when  in  need  of  drugs,  med- 
icines or  medical  advice. 

The  premises,  in  the  centre  of  the  city, 
on  Main  Street,  form  a handsome  corner 
to  the  block  they  are  in.  and  are  30x100 
feet  in  extent.  The  house,  when  it 
started  was  where  the  express  office  now 
is  for  one  year,  and  thus  for  seven  years, 
has  been  at  its  present  place.  The  store. 


State  oe  South  Carolina. 


183 


into  which  we  can  enter  by  any  one  of 
several  doors,  is  handsomely  fitted  np. 
The  stock,  averaging  some  $8,000,  em- 
braces the  ordinary  class  of  goods  carried 
by  first-class  drug  and  medicine  houses, 
They  carry  a complete  stock  of  paints, 
oils,  window  glass,  etc.,  foreign  and  do- 
mestic wines  and  liquors,  druggists  sun- 
dries, perfumery,  toilet  articles,  etc. 
The  preparation  of  family  and  physi- 
cians’ prescriptions,  receives  careful  at- 
tention, and  a full  line  of  the  leading 
proprietary  medicines  can  always  be 
found  in  stock.  Two  hands  are  em- 
ployed, and  the  house  manufactures  pre- 
parations that  are  worthy  of  notice. 
Their  female  regulator,  blood  purifier, 
sinapinthine  liniment,  kidney  and  blad- 
der remedy,  has  long  been  before  the 
public.  The  members  of  this  firm,  Dr. 
Jos.  Hill  and  S.  M.  Dawkins,  have  been 
many  years  well  and  favorably  known  to 
the  people  of  upper  South  Carolina.  The 
doctor  was  born  in  Newberry,  and  gradu- 
ated from  S.  C.  College  in  1851.  He 
taught  school  two  years  in  his  native 
county,  and  then  studied  medicine  in 
Charleston,  and  later  at  Jefferson  Medi- 
cal College,  graduating  M.  D.  from  here 
in  1855.  He  practised  two  years  in  New- 
berry, then  came  to  Union,  where  he  was 
till  1870,  when  his  health  becoming  im- 
paired by  hard  work,  he  retired  to  resus- 
citate. 

He  remained  two  years  in  Tran- 
sylvania county,  N.  C.,  and  then  came 
to  Spartanburg,  where  he  soon  worked 
himself  into  the  public  confidence,  and 
now  enjoys  one  of  the  best  practices  in 
the  county.  He  is  a member  of  the 
S.  C.  Medical  Society,  is  a Mason  and  K. 
of  H.,  belongs  to  the  K.  and  L.  of  II., 
the  G.  E.  and  to  the  Methodist  Church. 
His  partner.  Major  Dawkins,  is  a native 
of  Union,  graduated  from.  Wofford  in 
1857,  taught  school  till  the  war,  when  he 
joined  the  MacBeth  Artillery.  He  farmed 
in  Union  county  till  18713 ,._and  at  the 
same  time  came  to  reside-  in  Spartan- 
burg in  1873.  He  is  a Mason,  K.  of  H., 
and  a member  of  the  M.  E.  Church.  Dr. 
Hill  is  largely  interested  in  several  other 
financial  ventuhesTand  is  a moving  spirit 
in  the'  UomfiTHnfty.  They  are  live  and 
progressive  men,  liberal  in  thought,  word 
and  action,  and  generally  weighty  fac- 
tors in  the  public  welfare. 


HILL  & DEAN, 

Dealers  in  Sewing  Machines,  At- 
tachments, Oils,  Parts,  Etc. 


A live  and  rapidly  growing  establish- 
ment of  this  enterprising  city  is  that  of 
Messrs.  Hill  & Dean  who  have  been  we 
might  say  almost  the  sole  factors  in  in- 
troducing into  this  county,  that  promo- 
tor of  domestic  happiness,  the  sewing 
machine.  For  is  it  not  in  the  fit  and 
comfort  of  our  clothing  that  the  pleasure 
of  living  greatly  lies,  and  is  it  not  in  the 
economic  working  of  our  homes — in  the 
mending  of  garments  that  would  be 
without  the  wonderful  invention  of  the 
lock-stitch  thrown  aside  as  useless — that 
rests  our  sole  prosperity  and  with  its  ex- 
travagance comes  our  financial  ruin. 
This  house  was  started  in  August,  1882, 
and  from  its  inception  its  trade  rapidly 
increased,  and  to-day  its  machines  are 
without  any  important  rival  in  this  ter- 
ritory. They  handle  most  of  the  leading 
machines  manufactured  in  America,  and 
have'  always  in  stock  over  100  different 
styles  : the  Wheeler  & Wilson,  Home, 
Davis,  White,  St.  John,  etc.  This  stock 
is  well  displayed  in  their  spacious  premi- 
ses, 30x50  feet  in  extent,  located  over 
Hill  & Dawkins  drug  store,  where  par- 
ties calling  will  be  treated  with  polite- 
ness and  attention  though  their  visit 
should  not  result  immediately  in  a pur- 
chase. They  employ  four  men  who  are 
constantly  in  the  field  and  two  wagons 
run  from  this  office,  besides  which  they 
have  sub-offices  carrying  about  30-40 
machines  each,  at  Gaffneys,  Campobello, 
Inman  and  Jonesville,  and  such  is  the 
reputation  their  goods  have  attained  that 
they  sell  without  solicitation  in  Union 
and  Greenville  counties. 

The  individual  members  of  this  firm 
are  Dr.  Joseph  Hill  and  James  L.  Dean. 
The  former  is  partner  in  the  drug  house 


City  of  SpARTANbrad, 


184 


of  Hill  & Dawkins,  and  thus  the  affairs 
of  the  firm  devolve  on  Capt.  Dean,  who 
is  a man  of  experience  and  fully  equal  to 
his  responsibilities.  He  was  born  and 
raised  in  Anderson,  and  left  the  South 
Carolina  Military  Academy  to  enter  the 
army  in  the  latter  part  of  the  late  war. 
He  is  a member  of  the  Methodist  Church 
and  a K.  of  the  G.  R.  He  was  formerly 
in  business  as  Ezell  & Dean,  and  con- 
ducts a house  which  daily  adds  to  the 
importance  of  this  city  as  a centre  of 
supply. 


W.  J.  WINGO, 

Staple  and  Fancy  Groceries,  Con- 
fectioneries, Cigars,  Tobaccos, 

Etc.,  5 Merchants  Hotel. 

The  above  gentleman  deserves  more 
than  passing  mention  in  a work  review- 
ing the  representative  men  of  this  city. 
He  opened  business  four  years  ago,  in 
this  line  at  this  stand,  where  he  is  con- 
veniently located  in  the  centre  of  the 
Merchant’s  block.  His  store  is  25x100 
feet,  and  is  filled  with  a stock  averaging 
some  $2,000  in  value ; this  includes 
staple  and  fancy  groceries,  teas,  coffees, 
sugars,  molasses,  spices,  country  pro- 
duce, flour,  canned  goods,  provisions, 
table  delicacies,  confections,  best  brands 
of  chewing  and  smoking  tobaccos  and 
cigars,  etc.,  etc.  Goods  are  of  guaran- 
teed quality  and  retailed  at  low  prices. 
The  trade  steadily  increasing  throughout 
both  city  and  county  is  mostly  cash. 
Mr.  Mingo  has  been  in  business  in  this 
county  over  35  years,  and  is  a well 
known  and  respected  citizen.  He  is  a 
native  of  Spartanburg,  and  in  the  war 
was  in  the' First  South  Carolina  Cavalry. 
He  was  later  on  duty  in  Columbia,  and 
towards  the  end  of  hostilities  we  find 
him  again  with  his  regiment  on  the 
coast. 


FRAftSC  S.  SMITH, 

Merchandise  Broker,  Office  over 
Reid  & Liles,  Main  Street. 

The  development  made  in  the  com- 
merce of  Spartanburg  during  the  past 
few  years  is  a theme  of  favorable  com- 
ment among  the  people  of  the  State,  and 
the  splendid  results  achieved  are  greatly 
due  to  the  energy  of  her  commission 


merchants.  First  among  these  we  note 
Mr.  Frank  S.  Smith,  the  popular  broker 
and  a representative  man  of  the  citv  and 
county.  In  ’75  he  started  in  this  line, 
and  was  the  first  to  introduce  a method 
of  handling  large  quantities  of  goods, 
that  has  proved  so  valuable  and. now  so 
necessary  to  the  dealers  here.  He  han- 
dles mostly  the  staples  of  life,  meats, 
grain  and  molasses,  and  also  when  re- 
quired can  supply  other  products,  being 
in  intimate  communication  with  the 
largest  jobbers  on  the  Continent.  TTe 
represents  the  famous  Armour,  of  Chi- 
cago, and  Rodd,  Bros.  & Co.,  of  New 
Orleans,  besides  other  firms  of  similar 
standing.  His  annual  transactions  now 
reach  $250,000.  Me  need  hardlv  say 
merchants  have  always  found  it  to  their 
advantage  to  continue  their  custom  with 
Mr.  Smith.  This  gentleman  is  a native 
of  Abbeville  county,  and  for  many  vears 
travelled  for  Charleston  houses  and  la- 
ter for  a leading  firm  of  Baltimore.  He 
is  a moving  spoirit  in  the  communitv  and 
a supporter  of  all  measures  which  act  for 
the  public  good. 

JAS.  GEDDES  & CO., 

Dry  Goods,  Xotions,  Fine  Shoes. 

Etc. 


Evert’  branch  of  trade  has  its  leaders 
and  prominent  representatives,  and  Mr. 
Jas.  Geddes  is  a gentleman  whose  estab- 


State  of  South  Carolina. 


185 


lishment  occupies  a place  in  the  front 
rank  of  similar  concerns  in  this  section 
of  the  State.  Tt,  was  originally  started 
inj^75,  as  Cantrell,  Geddes  & Co.,  suc- 
ceeded’the  following  year  by  Geddes  & 
Bray,  and  since  1878  it  has  been  carried 
on  under  the  present  name.  The  trade 
ramifies  all  over  this  county  and  into 
Union,  Laurens  and  the  adjacent  terri- 
tory of  North  Carolina,  the  goods  grow- 
ing yearly  into  greater  favor.  The 
premises  of  the  house  are  located  on  the 
most  conspicuous  corner  of  the  public 
square,  occupy  three  floors,  26x60  feet  in 
extent.  The  stock,  averaging  some  $10,- 
000  in  value,  contains  a full  line  of  sta- 
ple and  fancy  dry  goods  from  the  best 
foreign  and  domestic  looms,  dress  goods, 
silks,  satins,  cashmeres,  ladies’  dolmans 
and  cloaks,  etc.,  a varied  assortment  of 
the  latest  American  notions,  ladies’, 
misses’  and  children’s  fine  shoes  in  sizes  to 
suit  all  feet,  etc.  These  goods  are  neatly 
displayed  on  the  various  tables  and  show- 
cases. " The  millinery  and  dress  making 
departments  are  likewise  well  appointed, 
seven  hands  being  employed  filling  the 
many  orders  in  this  direction,  and  the 
stock  of  ready-made  goods  is  of  the  latest 
fashions.  The  firm  is  also  agent  in  this 
county  for  Butterick’s  patterns,  and 
keeps  on  hand  over  $1,0U0  worth  of  these 
exquisite  designs.  He  also  handles  for 
this  county  the  famous  Pearl  Shirt.  Be- 
sides the  hands  mentioned  above,  six 
salesmen  are  employed,  who  are  atten-  j 
tive  to  callers.  Mr.  James  Geddes,  the 
sole  owner  of  the  house,  is  a native  of 
Aberdeen,  Scotland,  and  came  to  this  j 
country  four  years  old.  His  family  re-  i 
moved  to  Spartanburg  from  Charleston, 
after  the  war.  He  has  gained  a promi- 
nence in  business,  a consequence  of  his 
industry,  enterprise  and  close  attention 
to  his  affairs.  He  is  a R.  A.  Mason  of 
Spartan  Lodge. 


BOBO  & CARLISLE, 

Lawyers. 

Jno.  W.  Carlisle,  a well  known  mem- 
ber of  the  South  Carolina  bar,  was  born 
in  Fail  field  county,  graduated  from 
South  Carolina  College  in  1849  with  dis- 
tinction. He  studied  law  with  Minor 
Clinton  in  Lancaster  county  and  was  ad- 
mitted in  1854.  A year  later  he  settled 


in  this  county,  and  in  1856  entered  Mr. 
Bobo’s  office  as  his  partner.  He  has  ever 
since  continued  here  and  is  now  the  sen- 
ior partner  of  the  firm.  Col.  Carlisle  has 
been  most  successful  at  his  profession, 
and  has  aided  greatly  in  extending  the 
fame  of  this  office.  In  the  late  war  he 
was  Captain  of  Company  C,  13th  South 
Carolina,  Lee’s  army,  and  was  engaged 
from  second  Manassas  to  Appomattox. 
Mr.  Carlisle  was  elected  to  the  Legisla- 
ture in  1866  and  again  in  1878,  and  in 
the  House  took  an  active  part  in  the 
leading  subjects  under  discussion. 

He  is  now  confining  his  attention 
strictly  to  the  large  general  practice  the 
firm  enjoys  through  this  circuit;  is  de- 
servedly popular  with  his  clients,  and  is 
a favorite  generally  with  the  commun- 
ity- 

Edwin  H.  Bobo,  the  distinguished  son 
of  an  eminent  sire,  was  born  in  Spartan- 
burg county,  and  graduated  from  Oxford 
College,  Georgia,  in  1855.  He  studied 
law  in  his  father’s  office,  and  was  admit- 
ted to  the  bar  in  1860.  In  the  war  he 
served  four  years  in  Holcombe’s  Legion, 
1st  Lieutenant,  and  was  wounded  at  the 
second  Manassas. 

At  the  return  of  peace  he  continued 
the  practice  of  his  profession,  soon  gain- 
ed a reputation  as  an  able  lawyer,  he  suc- 
ceeded his  father  in  the  firm.  Mr.  Bobo 
has  gained  no  small  degree  of  eminence 
as  a representative  of  the  people  in  the 
State  Legislature.  He  sat  in  the  House  in 
1882  and  ’83,  and  gave  great  satisfaction 
to  a proud  constituency.  This  year  they 
have  nominated  him  for  the  Senate  and 
when  elected,  he  will  undoubtedly  acquit 
himself  as  becomes  a statesman  gifted 
with  judgment,  wisdom  and  eloquence. 
Mr.  Bobo  was  several  years  chairman  of 
the  county  committee,  and  stands  well 
both  in  social  and  professional  circles. 


S.  C,  MOUZON, 

Photographer. 

While  in  Spartanburg  we  have  had  the 
pleasure  of  visiting  Mr.  Mouzon’s  gal- 
lery and  are  glad  to  see  that  this  city 
does  not  lack  a good  representative  of 
the  art  preservative  of  nature.  Mr. 
Mouzon  we  found  courteous,  entertain- 
ing and  deeply  imbued  with,  and  thor- 
oughly interested  in,  his  occupation. 


186 


City  of  Spartanburg, 


He  showed  us  many  beautiful  samples  i 
of  his  work,  which  afforded  us  much 
enjoyment  and  gratification.  The  crys- 
tal photos  he  showed  us  were  extra 
beautiful.  This  we  learned  is  a compar- 
atively new  method,  by  which  the  photo 
is  as  permanently  fixed  on  the  inside  of 
glass  as  if  it  had  been  burned  in.  It  is 
well  worthy  the  consideration  of  those 
who  wish  to  preserve  the  likeness  in  a 
frame.  Mr.  Mouzon  has  been  long  en- 
gaged in  the  photographic  business.  He 
for  some  time  was  in  the  famous  Kurtz 
gallery  in  New  York,  and  before  the  war 
was  established  in  Charleston  on  King  1 
Street ; during  the  war  he  settled  in  this  | 
county  on  account  of  having  been  taken 
with  typhus  fever  while  serving  as  third 
sergeant  with  the  Moultrie  Guards.  At 
the  cessation  of  hostilities  he  started  on 
some  thirty  dollars,  but  soon  built  up  a 
large  trade  and  improved  his  gallery, 
which  is  now  appointed  with  all  the 
latest  and  most  expensive  apparatus  and 
conveniences  for  the  business,  in  the 
prosecution  of  which  he  uses  entirely  the 
instantaneous  process.  Mr.  Mouzon  is 
also  a painter,  was  some  time  apprentice 
with  D.  L.  Glenn,  and  executes  very  fine 
sketches  in  both  water  and  oil  from  life 
or  from  photograph.  His  gallery  is  lo- 
cated on  the  public  square  over  Burnett 
& McDowell's  store,  and  occupies  25x80 
feet  of  flooring.  He  employs  two  hands, 
the  senior  most  promising  and  of  marked 
ability. 


T.  A.  WILLSAMS, 

Dry  Goods,  Notions,  Clothing, 
Boots,  Shoes,  Hats,  Cutlery,  etc., 
Main  Street. 

Among  the  enterprising  men  of  this 
county  we  note  with  pleasure  the  above,  i 
who,  since  he  started  business  here  in 
1877,  has  made  a complete  success.  The 
store  centrally  located  on  Main  Street,  is 
24x106  feet  in  extent,  is  well  fitted  up 
and  admirably  adapted  for  the  expedi-  . 
tious  despatch  of  the  growing  engage- 
ments. The  stock  carried,  having  a re- 
presentative value  of  86,000,  embraces  a 
full  line  of  staple  and  fancy,  foreign  and 
domestic  dry  goods,  dress  and  white 
goods,  a large  assortment  of  American 
notions,  a good  selection  of  fashionable 
and  well  made  clothing,  shoes  and  caps,  j 


finest  English  and  domestic  cutlery,  guns, 
pistols,  ammunition,  etc.,  etc.  Mr.  Wil- 
liams makes  a specialty  of  Kerr's  spool 
cotton,  extra  6 cord,  soft  finish,  and 
spools  with  one  mile  of  thread  at  reduced 
rates,  also  the  celebrated  hand-made 
Gainesville  shoes.  Four  competent  hands 
are  employed  and  the  trade  extends  all 
over  Spartanburg,  Laurens,  Union^  New- 
berry, and  the  adjoining  counties  of 
North  Carolina,  business  being  done  al- 
most exclusively  on  a .cash  Jiasis,  and 
consequently  the  superior  aefvantages 
offered  to  customers.  Mr.  T.  A.  Wil- 
liams, the  opulent  proprietor  of  this 
establishment,  is  a native  of  North  Caro- 
lina, and  came  to  thishSIaTe  m 1869, 
settling  then  in  Columbia.  In  the  war 
he  served  for  several  months  in  the  22d 
Tennessee.  He  belongs  to  the  Methodist 
church  and  is  honest,  reliable  and  ex- 
perienced as  a business  man. 


H.  A.  MOON, 

Druggist. 

The  above,  the  rising  anjj.  popular  phar- 
macist of  Spartanburg,  is  a native  of  An- 
derson,  and  came  to  this  county  in  1879 
from  Columbia,  where  he  wnsMirffrasi- 
ness  four  and  a half  years.  He  opened  at 
his  present  location,  where  he  occupies  a 
neat  store,  25  feet  wide,  and  including  a 
large  laboratory,  fitted  with  all  the  mod- 
ern conveniences  for  prescription  work 
and  manufacture,  100  feet  deep.  The 
stock,  valued  at  some  84,000,  contains 
only  the  purest  drugs  and  chemicals,  and 
his  handsome  showcases  display  a goodly 
array  of  proprietary  medicines,  perfum- 
ery, fancy  and  toilet  articles,  etc.  In 
prescriptions  he  perhaps  does  the  largest 
trade  in  town.  He  employs  two  compe- 
tent hands  who  are  attentive  and  polite 
to  the  many  callers.  A skillful  and  ex- 
perienced pharmacist,  he  enjoys  the  con- 
fidence of  the  people  and  has  a steadily 
increasing  trade.  He  is  a 23d  Degree 
Mason  and  stands  high  in  his  profession. 


B.  F.  SHOCKLEY, 

Broker  and  Commission  Merchant, 
Produce,  Provisions,  etc. 

Among  those  who  are  entitled  to  men- 
tion in  these  pages,  we  note  the  above 
gentleman  who  started  in  business  on  1st 


State  of  South  Carolina. 


187 


January  of  this  year.  By  judicious 
management  he  has  made  a success  of 
his  venture,  and  already  stands,  as  one  of 
Spartanburg’s  prominent  men  of  busi- 
ness. His  store  located  on  Main  Street 
is  21x80  feet.  He  carries  a stock  of 
some  $3,000  -worth  of  produce,  provis- 
ions, groceries,  etc.  Mr.  Shockley  gives 
prompt  attention  to  all  correspondence 
and  consignments,  and  conducts  a gen- 
eral brokerage  and  commission  business. 
He  is  iu  communication  with  the  centres 
of  production  and  importation,  and  pur- 
chases cheap  and  shares  his  advantages 
with  customers.  He  employs  two  hands 
and  his  trade  daily  increases  throughout 
city  and  county.  Mr.  Shockley  is  a na- 
tive of  Greeeville,  and  in  the  war  served 
in  the  reserves  for  nine  months.  He  set- 
tled in  Spartanburg  in  1875,  and  was 
formerly  engaged  in  the  liquor  business, 
but-smbeMiliat  has  been  prohibited,  he 
has  turned  his  efforts  in  another  direc- 
tion, and  his  prosperous  career  fully  de- 
notes his  ability  to  succeed  in  whatever 
he  lays  his  hands  to.  He  is  a K.  of  H., 
K.  of  G.  R.,  and  an  ancient  Odd 
Fellow. 


FOWLER  & ROBISON, 

Manufacturers  of  Carriages,  Bug- 
gies, Wagons,  etc.,  Horse-Shoeing 

AND  BlACKSMITHINCt  A SPECIALTY. 

The  above  house  was  established  sev- 
eral years  before  the  war  as  Fowler,  Fos- 
ter & Co.,  in  1879  Fowler,  Robison  & 
Co.  became  proprietors,  and  in  ’81  the 
present  name  was  assumed.  This  estab- 
lishment is  one  of  the  oldest  and  most 
reliable  in  the  South.  Its  productions 
compete  successfully  with  the  best  North- 
ern makes.  During  more  than  forty 
years  its  fair  name  and  fame  has  remained 
inviolate,  and  it  has  always  held  the  full 
confidence  of  the  public  and  the  strength, 
durability  and  finish  of  the  excellent 
work  is  best  proven  by  the  large  number 
of  premiums  taken  by  the  house  at  State 
and  county  fairs,  as  well  as  by  its  in- 
numerable wagons,  carriages,  brets,  bug- 
gies, etc. , to  be  found  running  in  good 
condition  all  over  the  up  country.  Some 
years  ago  by  the  opening  of  the  Air-Line 
railroad,  the  house  was  brought  into 
competition  with  all  sorts  of  good  and 
bad,  hand  and  machine  made  vehicles. 


Fully  aware  of  the  fact  that  a new  era  of 
progress  was  dawning  upon  this  section, 
to  meet  the  increased  demand  for  good 
work  at  reasonable  rates,  Mr.  F.  A. 
Fowler,  father  of  the  present  senior  part- 
ner, imported  the  most  skilled  workman 
he  could  find  and  further  added  to  his 
establishment  the  newest  and  most  im- 
proved machinery,  and  stocked  his  yard 
with  magnificent  timber,  more  particu- 
larly from  the  native  forests  along  the 
line  of  the  Spartanburg  and  Asheville 
railroad.  He  was  determined  that  his 
establishment  should  not  fall  before 
Northern  competition  and  he  took  par- 
ticular pains  to  train  up  his  son  to  take 
up  the  contest  after  he  was  gone.  He 
has  not  failed.  The  people  of  Spartan- 
burg, Greenville,  Laurens,  Newberry, 
Union,  or  in  short,  upper  South  Caro- 
lina, and  a large  part  of  North  Carolina 
have  liberally  supported  him,  and  to-day 
his  predecessors  couple  herewith  their 
thanks  to  these  people  for  supporting 
a “Southern  factory”  and  hoping  they 
will  continue  to  patrouize  a “home  en- 
terprise.” They  are  prepared  to  give 
them  better  work  than  can  be  got  else- 
where at  the  same  figures,  and  thus  all 
parties  and  the  country  generally  will  be 
benefited. 

The  premises  they  occupy  consist  of 
the  main  building  50x85  feet  in  dimen- 
sions. On  the  first  floor  is  the  show  room 
where  is  exhibited  a full  line  of  buggies, 
wagons  and  carriages.  The  office  is  also 
on  this  floor,  and  upstairs  is  the  painting 
and  trimming  shop.  A two-story  wood 
shop  30x50  feet  is  located  in  the  rear  of 
this,  and  the  machine  shop  25x60  feet, 
and  a 15-horse  power  engine  occupies  an 
adjoining  house.  The  blacksmith’s  shop 
is  25x80  feet,  15  to  25  workmen  are  em- 
ployed, and  the  visitor  will  daily  hear 
the  clang  of  the  hammer,  the  ring  of  the 
anvil,  and  the  whirr  of  the  saw.  The 
owners  of  this  establishment,  Messrs. 
Wm.  Fowler  and  R.  A.  Robison,  are 
well  known  as  men  of  progress  and  ex- 
perience. The  first  is  a native  of  Spar- 
tanburg county,  has  taken  some  part  in 
politics,  was  delegate  to  the  last  Judicial 
Convention  of  the  Seventh  District,  and 
Alderman  one  term.  The  second  was 
born  in  York,  entered  the  army  when 
only  twelve  years  old  in  January,  ’62, 
served  a year  first  as  J enkins’  courier, 


188 


City  of  Spartanburg, 


o ® ^ s 

Of  all  Qualities  and  Styles. 
Metallic  Cases  a specialty.  Coffins 
of  all  kinds  from  $6  up. 


We  are  also  prepared  to  attend  to  all  calls  in  the  Undertaker’s  line,  at  any 
hour  of  the  day  or  night,  and  flatter  ourselves  that  our  experience  in  the  past, 
together  with  the  facilities  and  demands  of  the  present  will  find  us  prepared 
to  meet  the  ever  changing  desires  of  a highly  civilized  and  enlightened  com- 
munity. To  effect  this,  we  have  one  of  the  most  beautiful  Hearses  to  be 
found  in  the  up  country,  which  is  held  in  readiness  to  answer  all  summons. 
We  venture  to  say  that  we  can  attend  to  all  calls  within  a radius  of  forty  miles 
from  this  centre,  quicker  than  a coffin 
can  be  made  and  prepared  in  the 
country. 


Extension  Top  Victoria.  Open  Buggies. 


SPARTANBURG,  S.  C. 


State  of  South  Carolina.. 


189 


and  second  as  private  in  the  5th  South 
Carolina;  was  in  eighteen  fights  in  Vir- 
ginia and  Tennessee,  was  wounded  at 
Chickamauga,  and  was  present  at  Appo- 
mattox. He  is  a K.  of  H.,  and  in  the 
K.  and  L.  of  H.  They  do  an  annual 
business  of  between  $35,000  and  $40,000. 


M.  HELDMANN, 

Manufacturer  of  and  Dealer  in 

Harness,  Saddles,  Bridles,  etc. 

Among  the  various  lines  of  trade  car- 
ried on  in  the  community,  Mr.  Held- 
maun  prominently  represents  the  harness 
business.  Since  he  came  to  Spartanburg 
in  1877  his  trade  has  steadily  increased, 
and  he  now  enjoys  a large  patronage  all 
over  the  counties  of  Spartanburg,  Lau- 
rens, Union  and  the  adjacent  territory  of 
North  Carolina.  The  building  he  occu- 
pies is  located  near  the  bank  and  is  25x50 
feet  in  extent.  His  store  displays  a large 
stock  of  saddles  of  all  kinds,  light  and 
heavy  harness,  bridles,  all  styles  of  driv- 
ing and  riding  whips,  etc.  An  inspec- 
tion reveals  the  fact  that  what  stock  is 
purchased  is  carefully  selected,  and  that 
made  on  the  premises,  the  workshop  being 
in  the  rear  of  the  store,  is  fashioned  by 
hands  fully  at  home  in  the  manufacture. 
In  the  season  four  hands  are  always  em- 
ployed. Mr.  Heldmann  is  a native  of 
Wetter,  Province  Hessen,  and  came  to 
the  United  States  in  1849.  He  finished 
his  trade  with  his  brother  in  Greenville, 
and  was  in  Anderson  twenty-five  years. 
In  the  late  war  with  the  Sixteenth  South 
Carolina  he  served  with  the  Western 
army.  He  is  known  as  a reliable  and 
fair-dealing  trader,  entertains  his  many 
friends  in  his  comfortable  residence  lo- 
cated over  his  store,  and  is  a member  of 
the  I.  O.  G.  T. 


J.  C.  McCORKLE. 

China,  Crockery,  Silverware,  etc. 

Spartanburg  in  the  establishment  of 
Capt.  McCorkle  possesses  a house  which 
generously  fills  up  all  the  requirements  de- 
manded in  this  line.  The  business  was 
started  in  1879,  filled  a long  felt  want  in 
this  county,  and  handling  novel  lines  of 
goods  the  trade  has  steadily  increased  from 
the  first.  The  premises  located  on  Main 
Street,  near  the  Windsor  Hotel,  occupy  a 


spacious  floor  and  basement,  and  the 
stock  averages  $5,000  in  value.  This 
embraces  silverware,  plated  and  solid, 
chinaware,  majolica,  French  lamps  and 
lamp  goods,  etc.  This  inviting  array  is 
further  augmented  by  a large  assortment 
of  the  latest  patterns  in  parlor  and  kitch- 
en stoves,  tinware,  wooden  and  willow 
ware  and  general  house  furnishing  goods, 
also  pictures,  baskets,  fancy  goods,  etc. 
Two  hands  assist  the  projnietor,  and 
parties  entering  into  relations  with  the 
house  will  find  them  pleasant  and  profi- 
table. Capt.  J.  G.  McCorkle  is  a native 
of  North  Carol inftr~and  in  the  late  war 
served  four  years  in  Virginia,  with  the 
11th  North  Carolina  Infantry.  He  was 
latterly  promoted  to  a Lieutenancy,  and 
was  wounded  at  the  Wilderness.  He  is  a 
steward  in  the  Methodist  church.  He 
has  been  in  his  present  line  of  business 
since  the  war,  and  what  success  has  at- 
tended his  efforts  and  experience  is  ex- 
enrplified  in  an  establishment  a credit  to 
Spartanburg. 


SPARTANBURG  MARBLE 
WORKS. 

Jno.  Geddes. 


The  sculptured  marble  and  graceful 
granite  monuments  which  mark  the 
resting  place  of  the  dead  are  mute  but 
touching  evidences  of  a love  which 
cherishes  their  memory  and  typify  one 
of  the  finest  sentiments  which  find  ex- 
pression in  human  action.  The  desire 
to  embellish  our  cemeteries  with  works  of 
art  has  been  one  of  the  most  marked 


190 


City  of  Spartanburg, 


evidences  of  a higher  civilization,  and 
now  the  beautiful  forms  into  which  these 
lasting  monuments,  which  bear  record  to 
our  love  for  lost  friends,  call  for  the 
hand  of  an  artist  in  their  execution  and 
the  highest  degree  of  artistic  skill  in  de- 
signing. This  line  is  prominently  repre- 
sented in  Spartanburg  by  the  above  gen- 
tleman. He  started  business  in  this  city 
sixteen  years  ago  as  a granite  worker, 
but  soon  went  into  the  marble  line  and 
his  establishment  is  now  numbered 
among  the  institutions  of  the  county, 
and  the  work  turned  out  has  gained  an 
excellent  reputation.  Mr.  Gteddes’  prem- 
ises are  conveniently  located  on  Main 
Street  near  the  Windsor  Hotel,  occupy  a 
plot  of  ground  00x190  feet  in  extent. 
He  employs  here  from  two  to  three 
hands,  and  is  chiefly  assisted  by  his 
daughter  in  designing  and  finishing  the 
work,  and  in  the  marble  quarry  in  the 
county  has  three  hands  hewing  and 
cutting  the  stones  as  they  ure  taken  from 
the  rock.  Mr.  Geddes  manufactures  to 
order  American  and  Italian  marble  mon- 
uments, tombs,  tablets,  headstones,  etc., 
and  also  Scotch  granite  monuments.  He 
likewise  keeps  in  stock  a large  selection 
of  these  in  numerous  exquisite  styles,  and 
their  well  finished  appearance  and  beau- 
tiful design,  shows  artistic  taste  and 
long  experience. 

Mr.  Geddes  is  a native  of  Aberdeen, 
Scotland,  and  came  to  the  United  States 
in  1853.  He  learned  his  trade  as  a ma- 
son and  was  long  employed  on  intricate 
and  special  work  for  some  of  the  leading 
firms  of  Charleston,  and  settled  in  Spar- 
tanburg after  the  war.  He  is  a member 
of  the  K.  of  H.,  and  a Vestryman  in  the 
Episcopal  church.  He  is  often  called 
upon  in  this  section  of  country  to  do  all 
kinds  of  masonry  work,  and  where  supe- 
rior skill  is  required  in  sanitary  arrange- 
ments, fixing  wells,  pumps  and  the  like, 
parties  invariably  require  Mr.  Geddes  to 
render  his  services. 


THE  CAROLINA  SPARTAN. 

One  of  the  oldest  papers  of  the  up- 
country,  was  originally  founded  in  1842, 
and  has  steadily  increased  its  importance, 
its  circulation  now  amounting  to  between 
1,700  and  1,800.  It  appears  every 
Wednesday  morning,  brings  to  its  read- 


ers an  epitome  of  the  world’s  news,  well 
measured  criticisms  on  the  topics  of  the 
day,  miscellaneous  literature  and  several 
columns  of  advertisements  of  the  lead- 
ing merchants  of  this  and  other  towns. 
It  is  27x41  inches,  four  page,  eight  col- 
umns. The  establishment  occupies  a 
2-story  building  20x36  feet  in  extent  on 
the  square,  equipped  with  cylinder  and 
job  presses,  four  hands  being  employed. 
Major  Chas.  Petty,  the  popular  owner  of 
this  progressive  journal,  was  born  and 
raised  in  Spartanburg,  and  in  the  late 
war,  as  Lieutenant  in  the  Thirteenth  S. 
C.  Regiment,  was  in  Virginia  for  four 
years.  At  the  return  of  peace  he  settled 
in  IlMion  county,  where  lie  engaged  in 
farming.  He  was  returned  to  the  Legis- 
lature from  that  county  in  1866.  In 
1874,  he  came  to  Spartanburg,  and  was 
four  years  teaching  at  Limestone  Springs 
High  School.  In  December,  1878,  he 
became  editor  and  proprietor  of  the 
Spartan,  with  which  paper  his  influence 
has  since  been  linked.  He  is  a man  of 
liberality  and  ability,  and  well  merits  the 
standing  lie  enjoys. 


WINDSOR  HOTEL. 

H.  C.  Hewitt,  Proprietor. 

The  city  of  Spartanburg  offers  very 
superior  accommodation  for  the  travel- 
ing jmblic  at  the  Windsor  Hotel.  The 
building  is  one  of  the  largest  in  town,  is 
well  located  on  Main  Street  four  doors 
from  the  railroad  crossing,  where  the 
passengers  embark  and  disembark  with- 
out having  to  pay  omnibus  fare,  which 
is  a saving  of  fifty  cents  to  each  passen- 
ger. It  has  a frontage  of  100  feet  and 
120  total  depth,  three  stories  high.  The 
first  floor  is  devoted  to  office,  bath  room 
and  other  sanitary  arrangements  all 
within  the  building,  and  the  Western 
Union  Telegraph  office  is  also  on  this 
floor.  On  the  second  floor  are  din- 
ing room,  with  kitchen  adjoining,  ladies’ 
and  gents’  parlor  with  a fine  piano,  on 
which  the  guests  are  often  entertained 
by  some  splendid  performances,  both 
vocal  and  instrumental,  and  several 
sleeping  rooms,  sample  rooms,  and  a 
large  ball  room.  The  upper  story  is  en- 
tirely devoted  to  lodging  rooms,  which 
are  all  very  clean  and  furnished  in  the 
best  manner,  twelve  competent  and 


State  of  Bouts  Carolina. 


191 


obliging  hands  are  employed,  and  the 
sleeping  rooms  number  in  all  forty-two, 
a ’bus  is  run  to  all  trains.  This  hotel  is 
famous  for  its  commodious  and  airy  ar- 
rangements, its  excellent  and  well  ap- 
pointed table  replete  with  all  the  delica- 
cies of  the  season  cooked  and  served  in 
an  exceptional  manner,  and  its  moderate 
charges,  and  the  great  attention  and  care 
to  the  minutest  wants  of  the  patrons, 
displayed  on  the  part  of  its  agreeable 
host.  Colonel  Hewitt  is  a native  of 
Virginia,  and  after  the  war  removed  to 
Georgia,  where  he  for  seven  years  carried 
on  the  Globe  Hotel  in  Augusta,  and 
made  175,000.  In  February,  ’72,  he 
bought  the  famous  Catoosa  Springs,  24 
miles  from  Chattanooga,  and  ran  it  till 
the  cholera  in  ’73,  and  the  yellow  fever 
in  ’74,  visited  Chattanooga  destroying 
the  patronage.  In  ’78  he  sold  it  out  and 
settled  in  Spartanburg,  and  two  years 
ago  took  the  Windsor  Hotel.  Since  then 
the  house  has  continued  a flourishing 
career,  and  under  his  fostering  care  has 
gained  a wide  and  steadily  growing  pat- 
ronage, from  all  who  wish  comfort  and  a 
real  old  Virginia  welcome. 


BURNETT  & SVIcDO WELL, 

Dealers  in  Heavy  and  Fancy  Gro- 
ceries, Tobacco  and  Cigars  and 

Tinsmiths 

Among  the  several  firms  considered  in 
this  city,  we  note  with  pleasure  the 
house  of  Burnett  & McDowell,  who  have 
succeeded  fill  building  up  a trade  which 
has  proven  both  lucrative  and  satisfac- 
tory. They  occupy  a spacious  store,  25x 
85  feet,  to  which  is  added  a warehouse 
25  feet  square.  Their  stock  averaging 
some  |4,000_in  value  includes  everything 
usually  classed  under  the  head  of  staple 
and  fancy  groceries,  teas,  coffees,  sugars, 
syrups  and  molasses,  spices,  country  pro- 
duce, canned  meats  and  fruits,  flour,  best 
brands  of  Cuban  and  American  cigars 
and  tobaccos,  etc.,  all  of  excellent  qual- 
ity, two  hands  and  a wagon  are  employ- 
ed. The_  trade  extends  over  this  and  ad- 
jacent counties  including  those  of  North 
Carolina.  The  house  was  founded  in 
1876,  as  W.  A.  Burnett  & Co.,  and  on 
1st  January,  1883,  the  present  co-partner- 
ship was  formed.  Mr.  Burnett  is  a na- 
tive of  Spartanburg,  and  long  recognized 


as  one  of  the  county’s  reliable  men  of 
business.  His  associate,  Mr.  W.  G.  Mc- 
Dowell  is  a native  of  Henderson  county, 
North  Carolina,  and  came  here  two  years 
ago. 

We  might  here  mention  that  the  firm 
have  lately  started  in  the  tinsmithing  bus- 
iness, in  which  branch  they  have  exper- 
ienced workmen  employed,  and  turn  out 
well  finished  and  durable  work,  and  do 
good  repairing  of  roofs,  etc. 


CEO.  W.  NICHOLLS, 

Probate  Judge. 

The  above  official,  one  of  the  most 
popular  men  of  the  county,  was  born  in 
Spartanburg,  was  raised  on  a farm,  and 
finished  his  education  at  Furman  Uni- 
versity. He  taught  school  in  his  native 
county  several  years  and  at  the  same  time 
commenced  reading  law,  continuing  his 
studies  in  the  office  of  Evins  & Bomar, 
being  admitted  in  1876.  In  November 
of  that  year  he  was  elected  Probate 
Judge  by  a majority  of  some  3,000.  Mr. 
Nicholls  has  proved  himself  fully  equal  to 
the  responsible  duties  of  his  position, 
and  has  been  re-elected  each  succeeding 
term;  only  once  has  he  been  opposed,  and 
that  in  the  primary  election  of  ’78.  Mr. 
Nicholls  possesses  a splendid  power  of 
observing  and  reasoning,  which  enables 
him  readily  to  decide  the  intricate  ques- 
tions that  come  before  the  Probate  Court. 
He  has  been  delegated  at  various  times 
to  county  and  State  Conventions.  He 
was  secretary  to  a school  commissioner 
and  also  secretary  last  year  to  the  State 
Convention.  He  is  a Mason  and  Past 
Worshipful  Master  of  the  Spartan  Lodge, 
at  present  an  officer  in  the  Grand  Lodge. 


J.  H.  BLASSINCHAME, 

County  Sheriff. 

The  present  Sheriff  of  Spartanburg 
county  is  a gentleman  who  is  peculiarly 
well  fitted  for  the  discharge  of  the  oner- 
ous and  often  trying  responsibilities  of 
the  position.  Born  in  Greenville,  South 
Carolina,  Capt.  Blassinghame  went  out 
into  the  far  West  at  the  age  of  21.  He 
was  in  Kansas  in  the  memorable  year  of 
1854,  and  all  through  the  territories,  see- 
ing much  what  is  called  life.  When  the 
war  broke  out  he  was  in  Colorado,  but 


192 


City  of  Spartanburg, 


even  at  that  distance,  before  the  days  of 
the  Union  Pacific,  his  heart  beat  in  uni- 
son with  that  of  all  true  sons  of  the  Pal- 
metto State.  He  made  the  long  journey 
through  the  enemies'"  lines,  so  to  speak, 
and  joined  the  Fifth  South  Carolina,  be- 
ing later  one  of  the  Palmetto  Sharpshoot- 
ers. He  took  an  active  part  in  the  for- 
tunes of  his  Regiment,  was  promoted  on 
the  re-enlistment  after  the  first  year’s  ser- 
vice to  Captain  of  Company  K.  He 
was  a brave  and  gallant  soldier.  He  was 
slightly  wounded  at  Fraser’s  farm,  and 
in  the  celebrated  charge  on  Fort  Harri- 
son, but  nevertheless  served  gallantly  to 
the  end,  being  present  at  the  Appomat- 
tox surrender.  He  was  elected  Sheriff  of 
this  county  in  18(15,  filling  the  office  till 
the  usurpation  in  1868.  He  then  farmed 
and  was  engaged  in  the  Treasurer’s  em- 
ploy till  1876,  when  he  was  elected 
Treasurer  of  the  county.  He  ably  filled 
this  post  four  years,  and  in  1880,  was 
unanimously  chosen  to  his  old  position 
of  Sheriff.  He  is  one  of  those  men  we 
often  read  about  but  seldom  see,  in  whose 
characteristics  fear  is  an  obsolete  word, 
but  at  the  same  time  possesses  sound  rea- 
son and  judgment,  and  exemplifies  great 
care  and  prudence  in  the  prosecution  of 
his  duties.  While  in  the  West,  having 
killed  one  of  the  Second  United  States 
dragoons  who  attempted  to  assassinate 
him  at  night,  he  was  put  on  trial  for  his 
life,  but  was  at  once  acquitted.  He  was 
the  first  postmaster  at  Atcheson,  Kansas. 
He  is  a Mason  and  K.  of  II. 


H.  D.  FLOYD, 

County  Treasurer. 

This  position,  perhaps  the  most  respon- 
sible of  county  offices  calls  for  a man  of 
sterling  integrity,  great  cai  e and  exact- 
ness, and  having  a knowledge  of  the  best 
methods  of  keeping  accounts.  Captain 
Floyd  was  chosen  two  years  ago  at  the 
primary  election  for  the  office,  the  duties 
of  which  he  has  since  discharged  to  the 
satisfaction  of  the  constituency.  This 
fall  he  is  again  a candidate  for  the  post 
and  has  no  opposition.  Captain  Floyd 
was  born  in  Newberry,  his  family  moving 
four  years  later  to  Spartanburg  where  he 
was  thus  raised  on  a farm  and  continued 
farming  till  he  was  called  to  his  present 
position.  In  the  war  he  entered  the 


18th  South  Carolina  as  Second  Lieuten- 
ant, and  was  later  promoted  to  a First 
Lieutenancy.  He  was  a brave  soldier  of 
the  Confederacy,  was  in  all  the  leading 
fights  the  Western  army  was  engaged  in, 
including  Jackson,  and' lost  his  left  arm 
in  the  lines  around  Petersburg.  The 
captain  was  County  Commissioner  a few 
months  in  1873.  He  is  a member  of  the 
County  Executive  Committee  and  a R. 
A.  Mason. 


E.  BACON, 

County  Auditor. 

Mr.  Bacon,  the  present  incumbent  of 
this  office,  was  born  in  Clarendon,  then 
Sumter  Co.,  was  raised  in  Greenville  and 
in  the  late  war  as  a bov  saw  some  service 
with  the  State  Cadets.  He  hasbeenalwavs 
engaged  in  mercantile  life.  He  came  to 
Spartanburg  in  1875,  and  gained  by  his 
agreeable  and  pleasant  manner  a large 
circle  of  friends.  Two  years  ago  he  was 
elected  County  Auditor  against  strong 
opposition,  and  has  since  increased  his 
popularity,  and  this  year  he  is  re-recom- 
mended for  the  post.  By  training  and 
inclination  Mr.  Bacon  is  qualified  to  per- 
form the  tedious  and  difficult  duties  of 
this  office,  in  which  he  has  given  entire 
satisfaction  to  all  concerned,  and  the 
most  suitable  man  this  constituency  can 
find.  He  is  a member  of  the  K.  of  H. 
and  a valuable  aid  to  the  correct  working 
of  the  county  government. 


B.  B.  CHAPMAN, 

School  Commissioner. 

The  present  able  incumbent  of  this  of- 
fice, Capt.  B.  B.  Chapman,  was  born  in 
this  county,  was  raised  on  a farm  and 
finished  his  education  at  Wofford  Col- 
lege. In  the  late  war  he  did  gallant  ser- 
vice for  the  True  Cause,  as  a member  of 
the  13th  South  Carolina  in  Lee’s  army, 
was  promoted  for  meritorious  service  to 
a Lieutenancy,  and  on  the  3d  of  May, 
1863,  at  Chancellorsville  had  his  right 
leg  carried  away  by  a cannon  ball.  After 
the  war  the  Captain  continued  farming 
and  also  merchandised.  He  was  elected 
to  this  position  in  1876.  and  has  since 
held  the  office,  discharging  the  duties 
satisfactorily,  and  has  only  been  once  op- 


SiATB  ob  BotiTfi  Carolina. 


193 


posed  and  that  in  the  primary.  This 
fall  he  is  a candidate  for  the  Legislature. 


STANYARNE  WILSON, 

Lawyer. 

Mr.  Stanyarne  Wilson,  a young  and 
rising  lawyer  of  Spartanburg,  was  born 
in  York  county,  South  Carolina,  and  re- 
ceived his  earlier  education  at  King’s 
Mountain  Military  College,  graduating 
from  it  in  1875.  He  then  went  to  Wash- 
ington-Lee University,  finishing  the 
graduating  course  in  1878,  and  returning 
to  his  native  town  commenced  the  study 
of  law  with  W.  B.  Wilson.  He  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1880.  He  practiced 
a year  in  Yorkville  and  came  to  Spartan- 
burg in  May,  1881,  where  he  has  since 
gained  flattering  success.  Well  read  in 
law  and  a good  advocate,  Mr.  Wilson 
holds  the  confidence  of  a large  and  stead- 
ily increasing  clientage.  He  is  this  fall 
nominated  for  the  Legislature.  His 
office  is  located  on  Law  Range  in  the 
rear  of  the  courthouse,  where  parties  call- 
ing on  business  or  otherwise  will  always 
find  him  ready  to  attend  to  their  wants 
with  becoming  grace. 


Ml.  P.  BOYD, 

Dentist. 

The  above,  one  of  the  best  known  pro- 
fessional men  of  this  section  and  the 
oldest  dentist  practicing  in  this  county, 
was  born  in  Newberry  in  183s,  and 
raised  in  that  county.  He  took  the  full 
j course  at  the  Pennsylvania  Dental  Ool- 
! lege  in  Philadelphia,  and  graduated  from 
: there  in  1859.  He  first  was  in  Orange- 
: burg  where  he  conducted  a growing 
practice  till  the  war.  He  did  gallant 
. service  for  the  true  cause  first  for  six 
J months  in  Gregg’s  1st  South  Carolina, 
and  later  with  the  3d  South  Carolina  In- 
fantry, till  wounded  at  the  Seven  Days 
fight,  by  which  he  was  disabled  for 
further  activity,  being  on  detached  ser- 
1 vice  till  the  end  of  the  war.  At  the  re- 
turn of  peace  he  settled  in  Union  and 
there  enjoyed  a lucrative  business  till 
1 ’82,  when  he  moved  to  Spartanburg.  He 
has  here  maintained  his  reputation,  and 
his  custom,  which  comes  from  the  best 
families  of  the  county  and  adjacent  coun- 
ties, daily  increases.  His  rooms  cen- 


trally located  on  the  public  square  oppo= 
site  the  courthouse,  up-stairs,  are  nicely 
furnished  and  provided  with  the  most 
improved  instruments  and  conveniences 
for  carrying  on  dental  work,  including 
mounting  on  gold,  and  transplanting 
teeth.  We  need  hardly  say  the  doctor  is 
at  home  in  the  details  of  the  science, 
and  his  manner  is  such  as  to  inspire  con- 
fidence in  the  patients.  He  has  con- 
tributed at  times  to  various  science  jour- 
nals on  subjects  relative  to  the  profes- 
sion, and  has  recently  invented  a valuable 
connection  to  the  dental  engine.  He  is 
a member  of  the  State  Dental  Associa- 
tion and  stands  high  in  his  profession. 


COFIELD,  PETTY  & CO. 

Book  Store. 

This  store,  located  on  one  of  the 
principal  blocks  on  Main  Street,  is  at- 
tractive and  inviting,  forming  a fit  or- 
nament to  to  the  town.  It  occupies  two 
stories  25x55  feet  in  extent,  and 
the  stock  is  neatly  and  well  displayed  so 
as  to  allure  and  hold  the  attention  of 
admiring  custom.  This  is  valued  at 
some  $7,000,  and  includes  a large  and 
select  lot  of  standard  libraries,  novels 
and  pamphlets,  a varied  assortment  of 
all  kinds  of  stationery,  artists’  and  draw- 
ing materials,  gold  pens,  fancy  goods, 
oils  and  water  color  drawings,  chromos, 
picture  frames,  etc.,  daily  and  weekly  pa- 
pers, periodicals,  college  and  school 
books  are  kept.  The  business  has  been 
established  some  twenty  odd  years,  and 
in  April,  1880,  it  came  into  the  hands  of 
the  present  owners,  who  have  fully  up- 
held its  standing.  Its  trade  extends 
throughout  this  and  adjoining  counties 
and  also  into  North  Carolina.  The 
manager,  Mr.  L.  E.  Gaston,  is  experi- 
enced in  the  business  and  gives  careful  at- 
tention to  patrons.  He  is  assisted  by 
two  clerks. 


LIFE  MEDICINE  CO., 

Manufacturers  of  Dr.  Hilton’s 
Celebrated  Medicines — Life  for 
the  Liver  and  Kidneys. 

It  is  seldom  that  we  are  enabled  to 
praise  patent  medicine  cures,  and  it  is 
therefore  a pleasure  when  we  can  speak 
| of  such  articles  as  that  of  Dr.  Hilton’s 


194 


City  of  Spartanburg, 


celebrated  medicines.  His  life  for  the 
liver  and  kidneys  is  a positive  cure  for 
liver  and  kidney  complaints.  To  those 
suffering  from  dyspepsia*  indigestion, 
loss  of  appetite*  or  any  derangement  of 
the  liver  or  kidneys,  we  would  urge  the 
trial  of  a single  bottle.  Relief  is  imme- 
diate and  sure.  Its  efficacy  in  these  dis- 
orders is  fully  established  and  unques- 
tionable. Hundreds  of  testimonials  bear 
evidence  to  its  merits.  A perfect  regu- 
lator to  the  whole  system,  it  gives  vigor 
of  body,  purifies  the  blood,  and  renders 
the  skin  smooth  and  clear,  or,  as  has  many 
times  been  remarked  by  those  using  it, 
“makes  the  skin  fresh  and  smooth  like 
that  of  a child.”  Being  entirely  vege- 
table, it  may  be  used  at  all  times  with 
perfect  safety.  For  ladies  and  children 
no  medicine  can  equal  it  for  its  mild  and 
certain  effects.  Far  superior  to  any  liver 
pad.  A vegetable  substitute  for  calomel. 
His  cough  cure  and  asthma  remedy  is  a 
syrup  ; is  unlike  any  and  all  other  cough 
preparations.  Is  the  quickest  to  check 
a cough  and  to  remove  its  cause.  Stops 
hemorrhage  or  bleeding  at  the  lungs. 
Two  or  three  doses  will  relieve,  and  often 
cure,  the  worst  recent  or  fresh  cough. 
His  iodoform  liniment,  used  externally 
and  internally,  is  the  quickest  to  subdue 
pains  and  aches  is  tne  best  application 
to  wounds  and  sores.  Immediately  ar- 
rests flow  of  blood  and  heels  promptly 
and  soundly.  No  proud  flesh  can  exist 
or  form  where  it  is  used.  Almost  a spe- 
cific in  burns  and  scalds,  toothache,  ear- 
ache, headache,  cramp  colic,  heartburn, 
and  in  counteracting  the  poison  from 
stings  of  insects,  bites  of  snakes  and  of 
rabid  animals  ; most  beneficial  in  neural- 
gia, paralytic  rheumatic  and  affections. 
His  antiseptic  dressing  and  cholera  cure 
have  also  been  prepared  with  great  care 
and  only  put  on  the  market  after  their 
efficacy  was  thoroughly  tested  in  the  sur- 
rounding country.  The  medicines  are 
put  up  in  $1.00,  50  cents  and  25  cents 
sizes.  The  introduction  of  the  prepara- 
tions has  met  with  marked  success,  and 
they  are  largely  sold  and  daily  gaining 
ground  in  South  Carolina,  Georgia, 
North  Carolina  and  also  throughout 
other  States  of  the  Union.  The  labora- 
tory is  located  at  Spartanburg,  S.  C., 
where  eight  hands  are  employed,  and 
every  convenience  is  enjoyed  for  the 


business.  Dr.  Hilton  personally  attends 
to  the  manufacture.  He  is  a medical 
practitioner,  has  made  a life  study  of 
these  kidney  and  throat  diseases, " and 
after  years  of  experimenting  has  suc- 
ceeded in  making  articles  that  he  confi- 
dently recommends  to  the  public  as  su- 
perior and  more  effective  for  their  several 
uses  than  any  made. 


THE  CITY  STORE. 

A.  Freisleben, 

Wholesale  and  Retail  Dealer  in 

Dry  Goods  and  Millinery,  Fancy 
Goods  and  Shoes,  Etc. 

SPARTANBURG,  So.  Ca. 

New  York  Office,  - - 471  Broadway. 

A.  H.  KIRBY  & SON, 

Fertilizers. 

This  name  has  long  been  associated 
with  the  progress  of  the  community. 
Mr.  Kirby  is  a native  of  this  county  and 
was  many  years  engaged  in  mercantile 
business  in  this  town,  and  after  the  war 
entered  into  farming,  and  now  owns  one 
of  the  largest  farms  in  the  countrv,  600 
acres  bearing  fine  crops  of  cotton,  corn, 
wheat,  etc.  In  fertilizers  Mr.  Kirby  has 
associated  his  son  with  him  and  does  a 
large  trade,  handling  Walton,  Whann  & 
Co.’s  “Plow.  Brand,”  a high  grade  guano, 
also  Edisto  and  Patapsco  brands,  all  of 
which  have  gained  a standard  reputation 
wherever  used.  Mr.  Kirby  is  a Master 
Mason  and  a Patron  of  Husbandry.  He 
was  County  Commissioner  eight  years, 
resigning  in  1883.  He  is  at  present  a 
School  Trustee  and  a candidate  for 
School  Commissioner. 


J.  H.  SLOAN  &CO., 

Dry  Goods,  Shoes,  Hats,  Trunks, 
Etc. 

Among  the  prosperous  business  houses 
of  this  county,  we  note  the  above,  which 
was  founded  in  1880,  as  Parrott  A Sloan, 
who  dissolved  the  following  year,  leav- 
ing Mr.  Sloan  alone  to  prosecute  a 
career  so  well  begun.  The  prem- 
ises, located  on  Main  Street,  are  30x120 
feet,  are  nicely  kept  and  divided  into 
different  departments  of  drv  goods,  gro- 
ceries, boots  and  shoes,  hats  and  caps, 


State  of  South  Carolina. 


195 


trunks  and  valises.  Goods  are  fresh,  of 
latest  style  and  sold  for  what  they  are. 
Over  1,800  tons  of  the  best  guano  is 
handled  annually.  The  stock  amounts 
to  between  $12,000  and  $20,000,  accord- 
ing to  the  season;  six  hands  are  employed 
and  the  appointments  of  the  house  are 
in  every  particular  complete.  The  mem- 
bers of  this  establishment  are  Mr.  J.  Ii. 
Sloan  and  L.  C.  Cannon.  The  latter  is 
employed  as  cashier  of  the  National 
Bank.  Mr.  Sloan  is  a man  of  long  and 
varied  experience  in  this  line.  He  is  a 
native  of  Spartanburg  county,  Mason, 
Spartan  Lodge,  and  an  important  ad- 
junct to  the  well  being  of  the  com- 
munity. 


JEROME  HALL, 

Artist  Photographer. 

In  noticing  this  gallery  and  its  work 
we  do  it  with  pleasure,  as  Mr.  Hall  is  a 
rare  artist  and  received  along  education 
in  the  best  galleries  of  the  city  of  New 
York.  He  was  over  seven  years  in  Bun- 
kerhoff’s  gallery  on  Broadway,  and  for 
five  more  conducted  an  establishment  of 
his  own  on  8th  Avenue.  He  came  South 
in  October  last  and  bought  out  Robert- 
son his  predecessor  in  these  premises, 
and  fitted  up  the  various  rooms  of  the 
establishment  with  that  taste  and  neat- 
ness which  displays  his  adaptation  to  an 
artistic  profession.  His  rooms  occupy 
two  floors,  on  the  first  of  which  is  a pret- 
ty reception  room  with  dressing  room  at- 
tached, and  also  working  and  finishing 
departments  quite  removed  from  visitors 
eyes.  Up  stairs  is  the  operating  gallery 
with  adjustable  light,  and  dark  and 
printing  rooms.  Mr.  Hall  has  the  best 
and  most  improved  instruments  and  fa- 
cilities for  carrying  on  business,  his  es- 
tablishment is  in  every  respect  a model 
one,  and  can  teach  a lesson  to  the  other 
galleries.  He  turns  out  a superior  class 
of  all  kinds  of  work.  His  pictures  are 
distinguished  for  an  accurate  and  just 
conception  of  the  requirements  of  the 
subject,  which  enables  him  to  force  the 
beauties  and  attractions  into  prominence. 
The  gallery  is  hung  with  samples  of  his 
conception,  photographs,  landscapes  and 
also  oil  paintings.  Mr.  Hall  is  a native 
of  Syracuse,  N.  Y.,  passed  as  before 
mentioned  most  of  his  life  in  the  city. 


In  following  his  profession  he  has  a 
bright  future  before  him. 


CARLISLE  & COFIELD, 

Staple  and  Fancy  Groceries. 

One  of  the  most  flourishing  businesses 
of  this  centre  is  that  of  Carlisle  & Co- 
field, on  the  public  square.  The  house 
was  founded  in  October  last,  and  enjoys 
a good  trade,  and  is  operated  on  a cash 
system.  The  premises  varying  in  width 
from  25  to  30  feet  consist  of  the  store 
proper  120  feet,  and  a large  lot  in  the 
rear.  They  are  clean  and  nicely  ar- 
ranged; the  stock  is  valued  at  $4,000  and 
embraces  everything  included  under  the 
comprehensive  heads  of  staple  and  fancy 
groceries,  teas,  coffees,  sugars,  molasses, 
spices,  provisions,  fruits,  country  pro- 
duce, chewing  and  smoking  tobaccos, 
etc.  Three  hands  are  employed;  the  in- 
dividual partners  are  Mr.  C.  H.  Carlisle, 
George  Cofield,  and  James  Cofield.  Mr. 
Carlisle  is  the  son  of  a Methodist  minis- 
ter, was  born  in  Pickens  and  has  been  in 
Spartanburg  about  eight  years. 


A=  C.  FLOYD, 

General  Merchant. 

This  is  a name  familiar  as  one  of  the 
leading  merchants  of  Spartanburg.  He 
started  business  in  1870.  The  premises 
consist  of  a store  25x100  feet  on  Main 
Street  and  a brick  warehouse  126  feet 
deep  on  Church  Street.  The  store  is 
well  adapted  for  business  and  contains  a 
$10,000  stock  of  dry  goods,  boots  and 
shoes,  groceries,  hardware,  country  pro- 
duce. In  this  latter  Mr.  Floyd  buys 
constantly  every  day.  Mr.  Floyd  also 
opened  in  Mayv  ■’83,  the  furniture  store 
in  the  Merchants  Hotel  block,  in  which 
is  carried  a stock  of  $4,000.  The  store 
is  25x100  feet,  and  goods  are  attractively 
displayed.  Three  hands  are  employed. 
Mr.  Floyd  was  born  and  raised  in  York 
and  came  here  in  1870.  In  the  war  he 
was  in  the  Fifth  South  Carolina  in  Ahr- 
ginia  and  Tennessee  and  was  badly 
wounded  at  Raccoon  Mountain,  near 
Chattanooga,  He  was  twice  an  Aider- 
man  and  is  a support  to  the  financial  sta- 
bility  of  the  county, 


196 


City  of  Spartanburg, 


S.  T.  SVScCfSAVY, 

Attorney  at  Law. 

A successful  lawyer  of  Spartanburg, 
was  born  in  this  county  and  passed  the 
earlier  parts  of  his  life  on  a farm,  and 
about  the  age  of  seventeen  was  some  time 
in  Florida  and  Texas.  Without  the  ad- 
vantages of  education,  Mr.  McCravy 
entered  Furman  University,  studied  two 
years,  1874  and  ’75.  After  leaving  college 
he  was  engaged  in  farming  but  at  the  same 
time  studied  law;  he  continued  in  the  office 
of  Blythe  & Ansel,  of  Greenville,  and  was 
admitted  in  1877.  He  settled  in  Spar- 
tanburg and  from  having  a very  limited 


acquaintance  when  he  came  here,  has 
m .de  a most  gratifying  sue  ness  of  his 
profession  and  became  one  of  the  popular 
young  men  of  the  county.  He  has  al- 
ways practiced  alone  with  the  exception 
of  six  months,  when  the  firm  was  Mc- 
Cravy & Calvert.  He  has  conducted 
several  interesting  cases.  Without  the 
scholastic  advantages  of  youth,  Mr.  Mc- 
Cravy has  made  himself  the  compeer  of 
all  those  of  his  age.  He  is  this  fall  nom- 
inated for  the  State  Legislature,  and  he 
has  recently  been  iniated  into  the  rights 
of  Masonry.  His  office  is  on  the  public 
square. 


% flllT  # CO, 


Keep  eonstautly  on  hand  a full  supply  of 


- -r-V 


COLLEGE  TEXT  BOOKS, 


Together  with  a complete  assortment  of 

Plain  and  Fancy  Stationery, 


K 


A 


l ljj,  \{fc 


- 


AND  — 

— — 


BLANK  BOOKS. 

i — -sei^vss* — i 

WE  ALSO  CARRY  _A_  SELECT  STOGIE  OE 

Standard  and  Mince l l a neo mb  Works, 

OUEAAIP  LIBRARIES, 

NEWSPAPERS,  MAGAZINES  AND  GENERAL  LITERATURE. 

ORDERS  SOLICITED. 


mi!lli|  Nm  ^ 

(Spartanburg  Book  Store,) 

SPARTAiNBUKG,  S.  C. 


V v • . 


UNION,  S.  C. 


In  1755,  the  first  settlement  of  this  county  took  place,  chiefly  by  emigrants  from 
Virginia.  The  progress  of  population  was  very  slow  until  Governor  Glen  formed 
his  treaty  with  the  Cherokee  Indians,  when  a considerable  influx  of  inhabitants  was 
the  result. 

It  lies  in  the  Piedmont  region  of  country,  and  in  the  granite  region.  It  is 
bounded  on  the  northeast  by  Broad  river,  which  separates  it  from  Chester,  most  of 
York  and  a small  part  of  Fairfield.  On  the  northwest  by  the  following  lines:  be- 
ginning at  a point  on  the  Broad  river  half  a mile  above  the  mouth  of  Cherokee 
creek,  and  running  thence  south  29  miles  west  to  Pacolet  river;  thence  south  331- 
miles  west  to  the  intersection  of  Fairforest  creek;  thence  south  6-^  miles  west  across 
the  Tyger  river  to  Iiackett’s  creek;  thence  south  17  miles  west  two  miles  28  chains 
to  the  Cross-key  road;  thence  south  12  miles  west  to  a dead  Spanish  oak  on  the 
north  bank  of  the  Enoree  river,  a little  above  Musgrove’s  ford  opposite  Gordon’s 
mills,  which  lines  divide  it  from  Spartanburg;  on  the  southwest  by  the  Enoree  river 
down  to  Avery’s  ford,  which  divides  it  from  Laurens;  thence  across  Crenshaw’s  ford 
on  the  Tyger  river  and  down  this  to  its  junction  with  the  Broad  river,  which  forms 
its  southeast  boundary  and  divides  it  from  Newberry.  The  average  length  of  the 
county  is  30  miles,  breadth  18,  and  number  of  acres  345,600. 

The  principal  streams  in  the  county  have  retained  their  original  Indian  names, 
the  Enoree  and  Pacolet.  The  Tyger  river  is  said  to  have  derived  its  name  from  a 
battle  that  took  place  on  its  banks  between  a tyger  and  a bear.  The  tyger  was 
found  to  be  the  victor,  though  sorely  wounded;  the  bear  was  killed.  The  Indian 
name  of  the  river  was  Amoyes-cheeh. 

There  are  a few  short-leaf  pine  trees  here,  but  the  principal  timber  trees  are — 
the  various  species  of  oak,  the  hickory,  poplar,  maple,  black  walnut,  chestnut,  syc- 
amore, birch,  dogwood,  persimmon,  locust,  beech  and  ash.  The  fruit  trees  are  the 
peach,  apple,  plum,  pear,  nectarine,  besides  numerous  varieties  of  nuts  and  berries. 
The  woods  abound  with  wild  grapes.  The  climate  and  geology  is  that  of  the  Pied- 
mont section.  Abundance  of  granite  has  been  in  this  county  since  the  beginning 
of  the  century.  Many  of  the  locks  at  the  shoals  and  some  of  the  principal  build- 
ings are  made  of  it. 

SOIL. 

Clay  is  predominant  mixed  with  sand,  gravel  and  rock.  The  connty  is  broken 
and  rolling,  and  the  land"  is  cultivated  to  advantage.  On  the  rivers  and  creeks 
are  considerable  bodies  of  low  ground  principally  of  rich  clay.  The  ridges  which 
divide  the  water  courses  are  of  a thin  gravelly  soil,  and  the  intermediate  lands  con- 
sist of  a red,  chocolate-colored  clay,  or  gray  sandy  soil.  The  soil  is  well  adapted  to 
the  culture  of  cotton  particularly  the  lower  parts  of  the  county;  the  low  grounds  to 
Indian  corn,  and  the  high  lands  to  wheat,  rye,  oats,  barley  peas,  and  pumpkins. 
The  sweet  and  Irish  potato  grows  well. 

The  county  has  eighteen  towns  and  trading  settlements  with  eighty-four  stores, 
as  follows  : Union  C.  H.  48,  Santuc  8,  Jonesville  5,  Cross  Keys  and  Skull  Shoals  4 
each,  Montjoy  3 ; Fish  Dam,  Mount  Tabor  and  Smithford  2 each  ; Ashbury,  Cole- 
rain,  Goshen  Hill,  Gurdysville,  Meador,  Pinegrove,  Sedalia,  West  Spring  and  Wil- 
kinsville  1 store  each.  The  prohibition  law  is  in  force  and  is  generally  conceded  to 


202 


Town  of  Union, 


have  benefited  the  community.  Of  this  number  there  are  3 sell  dry  goods,  25  mis- 
cellaneous and  31  general  merchandise.  The  estimated  wealth  of  the  storekeepers 
is  $785,000. 

UNION  COURTHOUSE 

Is  a unique  and  remarkable  town  in  many  ways.  Of  towns  of  its  size  it  is  the  best 
built  in  the  State,  and  New  England  visitors  have  often  said  that  in  this  respect,  in 
substantiality  and  neatness,  it  puts  the  “comfortable  villages”  of  the  “Ray  State” 
in  the  shade.  The  stores  which  are  all  within  a stone’s  throw  of  one  another  on  the 
Main  Street  are  built  entirely  of  brick,  and  the  private  residences  are  as  tasteful  in 
outward  appearance  as  they  are  comfortable  in  interior  arrangement.  Those  of 
Captain  Foster  and  Wm.  A.  Nicholson  without  being  gaudy  are  regal  in  their  ap- 
pointments, while  that  of  Judge  Wallace  presents  the  solid  comfort  which  seems  to 
have  always  characterized  the  residences  of  this  community. 

The  people  of  Unffin  are  exceedingly  hospitable,  law-abiding  and  what  Carlyle 
would  term  “sufficient.”  Undisturbed  by  booms,  social,  political  or  commercial, 
they  have  continued  to  progress  and  grow  wealthy  while  others  have  been  looking 
for  help  from  foreign  sources.  The  high  standing  Union  enjoys  to-day  she  owes  to 
herself  and  to  none  other.  Her  people,  as  we  said,  are  sufficient,  they  are  wise  and 
careful,  not  carried  away  by  the  vain  glory  or  pomp  of  the  world  ; talented  and  edu- 
cated, they  have  suited  themselves  to  circumstances  and  not  tried  to  divert  nature  in 
what  they  might  consider  the  right  channels.  Ten  years  ago  her  bar,  comparative 
with  its  numbers,  was  the  strongest  in  the  State,  and  even  to-day,  though  her  law- 
yers are  mostly  young  men.  holds  the  respect  of  the  people  of  South  Carolina. 

The  credit  of  her  merchants  is  only  equalled  bv  one  other  county  capital  in  the 
State,  namely,  Bennettsville,  where  the  speculative  and  competitive  influence  caused 
by  the  introduction  of  railroads  has  not  yet  reached.  There  have  been  two  failures 
here  in  the  last  thirty-five  years,  and  a protested  claim  is  a thing  unknown.  The 
business  men  are  almost  entirely  natives  of  the  county  or  adjoining  counties,  the 
exception  being  made  by  three  Scotchmen  who  just  remember  that  they  were  born 
in  a foreign  land,  having  come  here  before  the  war,  and  there  are  no  Israelites  in 
business  here.  The  general  tone  of  the  community  is  such  as  to  inspire  a stranger 
with  respect  and  affectionate  remembrance,  and  the  society  in  its  placid  serenity 
and  virtue  approaches  the  ideal.  There  are  Methodist,  Baptist,  Presbyterian  and 
Episcopal  churches,  all  well  attended  and  all  having  large  Sabbath  Schools.  The 
Episcopal  church  is  a neat  stone  building  faced  with  granite  is  a masterpiece  of 
the  mason’s  art,  and  an  ornament  to  the  landscape;  interiorly,  it  is  subdued  but 
elegant,  the  roof  and  seats,  etc.,  being  of  carved  oak. 

UNION  COUNTY  STATISTICS. 

Agricultural.  ' 

Number  of  acres  planted  and  total  yield  of  the  following  crops  in  1882 — cotton 
56,000  acres,  9,576.342  pounds  of  lint,  yield  per  acre  18S  pounds;  cost  of  producing 
merchantable  cotton  is  S40  for  a 500  pound  bale;  corn.  42,583  acres,  721.911  bushels, 
per  acre  17  bushels;  oats,  8,787  acres,  193.314  bushels,  per  acre  22  bushels;  wheat, 
10,132  acres,  91,188  bushels,  per  acre  9 bushels;  rice,  sorghum  and  sugarcane 
small;  sweet  potatoes,  411  acres,  35,756  bushels;  Irish  potatoes,  82  acres,  9,594 
bushels;  peas.  1.464  acres,  16,104  bushels;  honey,  18,613  pounds:  wax.  1.541  pounds: 
milk,  787  gallons  sold;  butter,  231,227  pounds  made;  poultry,  45.847:  eggs,  150,072 
dozens  sold.  As  a fruit  growing  county  Union  stands  far  ahead  of  any  other  in  the 
State,  notwithstanding  that  its  acreage  is  comparatively  small  9.117  bushels  of 
apples,  and  16,583  bushels  of  peaches  were  harvested  in  1882.  Reaches  are  produced 
which  for  size,  quality  and  sweetness,  surpass  anything  grown  in  this  part  of  the 
continent.  Stock  on  hand  1882— work  oxen,  195:  milch  cows.  3.797:  other  cattle. 
4,517;  sheep,  2,828;  lambs  dropped,  923;  fleece  clipped,  4,908  pounds;  swine,  10,134. 
Fertilizers  used  in  tons  in  ’82— ammoniated,  610;  acid  phosphate,  763;  kainit,  153; 


StaI’e  oE  South  OARotiHA. 


20§ 


chemicals,  169;  total,  1,695;  used  in  composting,  695;  kainit  used  in  1881,  204. 
Amount  of  farm  supplies  purchased  was  $322,676;  on  time,  $264,595.  Cash  and 
time  prices  of  the  following  articles  Was:  corn,  $1.05  and  $1.31;  bacon  10c.  and  14c. 
per  pound;  flour  $9.00  and  $10.00  per  barrel;  meal,  $1.13  and  $1.41  per  bushel;  hay, 
$1.50  and  $1.90  per  100.  Number  and  kinds  of  improved  agricultural  implements 
in  use  in  1882 — 4 sowers,  25  reapers,  17  sulky  ploughs,  500  guano  distributors,  25 
harrows,  2 grain  drills,  54  steam  engines  on  farms,  with  aggregate  horse-power  of 
324.  Wages  paid  to  farm  laborers  is  about  $100  to  men  and  $50  to  women,  per 
annum,  with  board.  The  system  of  labor  most  in  use  is  for  the  land  owners  to 
furnish  the  laborer  with  land,  farming  implements  and  work-stock — the  owner  feed- 
ing the  animals — and  then  to  divide  the  crops  equally  between  the  landlord  and  the 
laborer.  The  opinions  of  the  people  differ  greatly  as  to  the  efficacy  of  the  lien  law,  but 
the  preponderence  is  in  favor  of  its  abolition,  as  it  is  injurious  to  all  classes.  The 
prohibition  law  is  in  force  and  well  observed  and  seems  to  give  satisfaction.  The 
chief  needs  of  farmers,  according  to  the  opinions  of  some  of  the  most  practical  men 
of  the  county,  are  better  county  roads  and  greater  facilities  forgetting  an  education. 
The  establishment  of  good  schools  would  be  the  best  possible  investment  for  the 
people,  better  than  factories,  desirable  as  these  may  be,  better  than  railroads,  or 
even  the  repeal  of  the  lien  law,  which  many  think  the  greatest  desideratum  of  all. 

MANUFACTURES  AND  MINES. 

There  is  little  manufacturing  in  the  county.  Flour  and  grist  mills  in  operation 
38,  employing  70  persons.  Lumber  mills  do  only  a small  local  trade,  and  there  is 
one  wagon  factory  located  at  Union  C.  H.,  see  article  Robinson  & Allen. 

There  are  five  gold  mines  in  the  county,  two  of  which  are  in  successful  opera- 
tion. The  West  mine  is  owned  by  a company  of  Northern  proprietors,  and  is  lo- 
cated 12  miles  northwest  of  Union  C.  H.  The  veins  are  in  talc  and  mica  slate  for- 
mation. A twenty  stamp  mill  is  in  operation  day  and  night,  50  to  75  hands  are 
employed,  with  a capital  of  $20,000.  The  value  of  the  ore  is  from  $2  to  $50  a ton. 
The  Thomson  mines  adjoins  this,  the  veins  are  in  the  same  formation  and  a ten 
stamp  is  in  operation.  The  hands  employed  number  20,  and  the  ore  runs  in  value 
from  $5  to  $100  per  ton.  The  Mott  mine  was  operated  before  the  war  by  South 
Carolinians  and  gave  fair  profits.  The  Norris  &Nucholls  mine  is  located  16  miles 
northeast  of  the  C.  Id.,  was  operated  before  the  war  and  yielded  an  immense  profit, 
see  article  Rice  & McLure,  Union.  The  Posey  mine  is  also  near  the  West  mine, 
and  when  operated  was  considered  very  rich. 

REAL  ESTATE,  ETC. 

There  is  next  to  no  land  for  sale  at  any  price  in  this  county.  Assessed  value  of 
property  is  $3,252,910. 

Real  estate  not  in  cities,  towns  and  villages — Arable  laud  110,079  acres,  value 
$481,960;  meadow  and  pasture  lands  230,505  acres,  value  999,680;  wood,  uncultiva- 
ted and  marsh  land  64,424  acres,  value  $292,310;  this  number  of  acres  is  one  of  the 
very  lowest  in  the  State  proportionate  to  the  size  of  the  county;  buildings  3,935,  value 
$504,470;  total  acreage  405,008,  value  $1,773,970;  total  value  of  all  country  real  es- 
tate $1,978,440. 

Real  estate  in  cities,  town  and  villages — Lots  283,  value  $815,90;  buildings  427, 
value  $185,440;  total  value  of  urban  real  estate  $267,030;  total  value  of  all  taxable 
real  estate  $2,245,470. 

Total  value  of  all  taxable  personal  property  is  $994,400;  per  capita  $41.29. 

Railroad  property — Spartanburg,  Union  and  Columbia,  364  miles,  cost  $4,000 
per  mile;  total  value  $148,450. 

Taxes  in  mills. — State  tax  4|;  school  2;  ordinary  county  24;  interest  on  railroad 
bonds  34;  retiring  railroad  bonds  1;  poor  house  4j  total  14J. 

POPULATION. 

In  1790  was  7,693;  1800,  10,237;  1810,  10,995;  1820,  14.126;  1830,  17,906;  1840. 
18,936;  1850,  19,832;  1860,  19,635;  1870,  19,248;  1880,  24,080. 


REPRESENTATIVE  HOUSES  AND  PROMINENT  MEN 


-OF — 


UNION,  S.  C. 


WHfl.  HEI^RY  WALLACE, 

Circuit  Judge. 


The  post  of  umpire  or  settler  of  dis- 
putes is  the  most  important  office  that  a 
community  or  social  circle  can  bestow 
and  the  holder  of  it  is  the  most  respected 
and  valued  personage  in  the  sphere  of 
which  he  is  by  common  consent  chosen 
head.  We  see  it  in  the  family  circle — 
the  children  appeal  to  their  parents  as 
the  best  way  of  settling  their  trivial 
quarrels,  the  juniors  lay  their  grievances 
before  their  revered  seniors  to  judge  be- 
tween the  rights  of  disputants,  and  it  is 
in  all  organizations,  in  the  municipal 
council,  the  Legislature,  the  Senate,  the 
Congress  that  there  is  some  marked  mind 
whose  opinion  carries  more  weight  than 
any  other  and  whose  criticism  is  always 
looked  for  on  any  point  which  comes  up 
for  discussion.  That  mind  is  in  fact  the 
king  of  the  little  circle  ; and  tracing  the 


j same  phases  upwards,  we  come  to  the 
Judge  who  sits  on  the  bench  and  whose 
decisions,  after  he  has  heard  and  weighed 
in  the  balance  all  evidence  for  and 
against,  are  accepted  as  conclusive.  He 
is  thus  the  chief  person  in  the  territorv 
over  which  his  sway  extends,  and  there- 
fore it  is  with  no  small  degree  of  pride 
that  we  turn  to  honor  these  pages  with 
the  life  of  one  who  holds  the  leading  po- 
sition in  this  district  and  who  has  gained 
distinction  as  a lawyer,  soldier  and  states- 
man. 

William  Henry  Wallace  was  born  in 
Laurens  county,  24th  March,  1828.  His 
family,  of  Scotch  descent,  were  long  resi- 
dent in  that  county,  but  his  father,  who 
was  an  opulent  merchant  and  in  his  life- 
time a member  of  Congress  from  this 
State  and  a Major-General,  moved  to 
Union  in  1833.  Young  Wallace  thus 
passed  his  earlier  years  in  this  county, 
and  when  the  time  came  was  sent  to 
Cokesbury  where  he  was  prepared  for 
college.  He  graduated  from  South  Caro- 
lina University  in  1849  and  commenced 
the  study  of  law  with  Judge  Dawkins  of 
Union.  Having  large  planting  inter*  sts 
to  attend  to,  he  did  not  seek  admission  to 
the  bar  till  1860.  That  same  year  he  was 
elected  to  the  Legislature  and  sat  two 
sessions. 

Called  by  the  voice  of  his  country  to 
arms,  he  left  the  benches  of  the  House 
to  join  the  Eighteenth  South  Carolina 
Eegiment.  He  entered  Company  A as 
private,  was  soon  appointed  Adjutant, 
and  before  they  got  to  Virginia  was  pro- 
moted to  the  rank  of  Lieut. -Colonel.  At 
second  Manassas,  the  first  important  bat- 
tle his  regiment  was  engaged  in,  he  sue- 


n.  rv- 


§tate  of  South  Oarolika. 


205 


ceeded  to  the  full  command,  Col.  Gad- 
berry  being  killed  in  that  fight.  Col. 
Wallace  commanded  bis  regiment  in  all 
the  engagements  Longstreet’s  corps  was 
present  at  such  as  to  merit  the  praise  of 
his  superiors  and  gain  the  confidence  of 
his  men.  Soon  after  the  explosion  of  the 
mine  at  Petersburg  he  succeeded  Elliott 
as  Brigadier-General.  His  brigade  con- 
sisted of  the  17th,  18th,  22d,  23d  and 
26th  and  the  Holcombe  Legion,  and  at 
the  surrender  at  Appomattox  was  part  of 
Gordon's,  formerly  Jackson’s,  corps. 
Strange  to  say,  though  present  wherever 
Southern  muskets  and  Southern  men 
were  most  required  in  the  thickest  of  the 
Virginia  campaigns,  the  General,  though 
many  times  hit — as  often  as  eight  times 
in  one  of  the  hottest  battles — was  never 
severely  wounded. 

Returning  home  he  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law,  forming  the  partnership  of 
Wallace  & McKissick,  which  lasted  ten 
years.  Having  acquitted  himself  gal- 
lantly as  a soldier,  he  naturally  increased 
the  popularity  he  had  before  enjoyed. 
He  obtained  the  confidence  of  a nume- 
rous clientage,  conducted  his  cases  with 
great  success,  and  in  his  district  enjoyed 
the  largest  practice  at  the  bar.  He  was 
elected  to  the  Legislature  in  1872,  the  first 
Democrat  from  a Radical  county,  a sig- 
nificant fact,  when  he  afterwards  became 
the  leader  of  first  Democrat  House.  He 
was  again  elected  to  the  Legislature  in  the 
memorable  year  of  ’76,  and  on  the  28th 
November  was  chosen  Speaker  of  the 
House.  The  fame  of  the  Wallace  House 
is  a matter  of  record.  Its  action  in  finally 
ousting  the  Radical  Representatives,  who 
also  chose  a Speaker  and  claimed  to  be 
elected  by  the  voice  of  the  people,  is  a 
prominent  feature  in  South  Carolina’s 
history.  The  body  presented  the  appear- 
ance of  a dual  government,  the  Radical 
party  finally  giving  way.  In  this  proce- 
dure the  Speaker  was  the  support  of  his 
party,  and  it  was  only  by  his  coolness  and 
immovable  determination  that  the  Demo- 
crats were  finally  victorious.  Since  that 
day  the  politics  of  South  Carolina  have 
had  a new  life,  and  the  intelligence  of 
white  men  has  legislated  for  her. 

Gen.  Wallace  was  elected  to  the  bench 
on  the  5th  December,  1877,  and  has  since 
filled  that  position,  given  the  greatest 
satisfaction  to  the  people  and  become 


quite  a favorite  Avith  the  bar.  As  a Judge 
he  possesses  the  wide  qualifications  neces- 
sary to  fill  the  post  with  ability,  and  if 
he  has  one  virtue  more  than  another,  it 
is  his  clear  headedness,  his  liberality,  un- 
biased neutrality  and  his  wonderful  fund 
of  practical  common  sense. 

He  was  solicited  to  become  a candidate 
for  Chief  Justice,  but  refused  to  run 
against  his  old  schoolmate  Simpson.  He 
is  generally  regarded  as  the  man  for  the 
first  vacancy  on  the  Supreme  Bench  or 
in  the  United  States  Senate. 

The  Judge  is  a prominent  member  of 
the  Masonic  Order  and  Past  Grand  Mas- 
ter. He  has  been  delegate  to  every  State 
Convention  since  the  war  and  also  to  the 
National  Convention  at  Baltimore  in 
1872.  He  is  as  happy  in  his  social  rela- 
tions as  he  is  eminent  and  successful  in 
his  professional  and  public  life.  He  is 
tall  and  portly,  a hard  worker,  and  has 
what  Shakespeare  gives  as  the  peculiarly 
distinctive  quality  of  those  in  high  and 
responsible  offices,  dignity  and  formality, 
governed  by  an  ease  aud  grace  that  is  most 
entertaining,  and  that  “natural  magne- 
tism ” that  captivates  all  who  have  the 
fortune  to  come  in  immediate  contact 
with  him. 


FOSTER  & WSLKI^S, 

Hardware,  Dry  Goods,  Shoes,  Etc. 

In  a town  of  the  nature  and  size  of 
Union,  there  are  houses  which  have 
tended  in  a great  measure  to  nurture, 
build  up  and  increase  its  importance  as 
a centre  of  supply,  and  which  collective- 
ly, may  be  classed  as  the  bulwark  of  its 
financial  solidity.  Perhaps  standing  at 
the  head  of  these  is  the  well  known  house 
of  Foster  & Wilkins,  general  merchants. 
The  firm  was  founded  in  1868,  and  from 
the  first  inception  has  continued  to  pros- 
per till  their  trade  is  generally  credited 
as  being  the  most  extensive  from  this 
centre.  It  ramifies  into  the  adjacent 
counties  of  Laurens,  Chester  and  Spar- 
tanburg. A year  after  starting  they 
moved  into  their  present  location,  and  in 
1872  were  in  common  with  a large  por- 
tion of  the  town  burned  out,  but  at  once 
erected  the  handsome  building  they  now 
occupy,  one  of  the  substantial  ornaments 
of  the  main  street.  It  is  situated  oppo- 
site the  hotel,  is  25x134  feet  in  dimen- 


Town  of  UniOn, 


206 


sions  and  three  stories  high.  The  base- 
ment, lit  all  along  one  side,  is  used  for 
the  storage  of  heavy  hardware  and  plan- 
tation goods,  and  opens  conveniently  in 
the  rear  for  receipt  and  shipment;  the 
street  or  main  floor  is  well  arranged  and 
adapted  as  the  selling  department,  a spa- 
cious and  well  appointed  office  being  in 
the  rear,  and  the  upper  floor  is  occupied 
as  a clothing  department.  The  stock, 
averaging  from  $15,000  to  $20,000  con- 
tains a full  line  of  foreign  and  domestic 
dry  goods,  fancy,  dress  and  white  goods, 
American  notions,  boots  and  shoes,  New 
York  and  London  hats  and  caps,  English 
cutlery,  guns,  pistols  and  ammunition. 
They  also  control  sale  of  Household  sew- 
ing machine.  In  hardware,  they  keep 
the  most  extensive  assortment  in  this 
county,  including  bar  iron  and  steel,  car- 
riage and  blacksmith  supplies,  corn  and 
cotton  mill  findings,  nails,  cordage, 
paints  and  oils,  sole  leather,  agricultural 
implements  of  all  kinds,  whippletrees, 
plows,  hoes,  harrows,  gins,  feeders  and 
condensers,  and  they  are  agents  for  the 
ever-famous  McCormick’s  reapers,  mow- 
ers and  binders,  and  the  celebrated 
“Farmer’s  Favorite”  grain  drill,  made 
by  Brickford  & Huffman,  and  the  Chi- 
cago screw  pulverizer.  Even  the  most 
casual  observer  visiting  the  house  cannot 
but  be  impressed  with  the  extent, 
system  and  completeness  of  the  institu- 
tion, which  requires  a large  force  of  com- 
petent hands.  The  members  of  this  solid 
firm  are  Messrs.  A.  II.  Foster  and  Wm. 
Wilkins.  The  latter  is  head  of  the  well 
known  Greenville  house,  Wilkins,  Poe 
& Co.,  q.  v.,  and  Capt.  Foster  is  also 
member  of  that  firm.  These  partners 
have  implicit  confidence  in  one  another 
and  exchange  visits  about  once  a year. 
Capt.  Foster  is  a man  experienced,  en- 
terprising and  reliable.  He  is  a native 
of  Union  county,  was  raised  in  Spartan- 
burg, and  in  the  war  as  Captain  of  Com- 
pany D,  Palmetto  Sharpshooters,  did 
four  years  good  service  for  the  Confed- 
eracy, being  in  all  the  fights  Longstreet’s 
corps  was  engaged  at  in  Virginia  and 
Tennessee,  and  finally  surrendering  at 
Appomattox.  The  Captain  is  one  of  the 
most  popular  men  of  the  county,  his 
name  has  been  several  times  used  against 
his  wish  as  candidate  for  important  city 
and  county  offices,  but  his  large  business 


necessarily  demands  all  his  time  and  at- 
tention. Backed  by  limitless  capital,  no 
end  of  experience,  having  grown  up  with 
this  county  from  comparative  poverty  to 
substantial  opulence,  with  such  a relia- 
ble hand  at  the  helm,  this  house  will 
long  live  to  promote  the  advancement 
and  support  the  high  credit  the  county 
has  always  enjoyed. 


WM.  A.  NICHOLSON, 

Banker,  and  Dealer  in  Fertilizers, 
Bagging  and  Ties. 

The  facilities  of  banking,  especially  in 
its  relations  to  the  interchange  and  loan- 
ing of  money  has  always  been  a principal 
factor  in  the  advancement  of  trade  and 
commerce,  and  the  want  of  them  a great 
drawback  to  the  growth  of  any  com- 
munity and  in  this  country,  by  nothing  is 
the  happy  intercourse  of  trading  so  re- 
tarded as  by  the  absence  of  currency  and 
consequently  the  monopoly  enjoyed  by  a 
few  in  the  handling  of  coin.  It  has  been 
long  a source  of  annoyance  to  the  poorer 
classes  of  farmers  and  traders,  who  pos- 
sess ample  security  in  the  shape  of  real 
estate,  crops  and  other  staples,  that  al- 
ways command  a price  in  a legitimate 
market,  that  those  who  hold  the  purse 
strings  of  the  State  take  full  advantage 
of  this  scarcity  of  money  and  raise  its 
value  to  a point  that  absolutely  means 
stagnation  of  trade,  or  at  least  the  aboli- 
tion of  all  profits  where  cash  is  required 
to  carry  on  business.  It  is,  therefore, 
with  pleasure  that  we  note  in  Union 
county  facilities  and  conveniences  offered 
for  the  loaning  of  money,  which  places  it 
at  a reasonable  rate  of  interest,  on  the 
demand  of  men,  who  have  ample  and 
secure  collaterals. 

The  gentleman  who  has  brought  this 
about,  Mr.  Wm.  A.  Nicholson,  is  de- 
serving of  all  praise,  for  at  a compara- 
tively small  rate  of  interest  he  is  ready 
to  advance  any  amount  of  cash  on  reason- 
able security.  This  does  away  to  a large 
extent  with  the  system  of  liens,  where 
merchants  charge  from  25  to  50  per  cent, 
over  the  cash  selling  price  of  the  staple 
products,  and  thus  the  farmer  makes  an 
average  saving  of  25  to  30  per  cent,  on  his 
wealth.  We  need  hardly  say  such  obvi- 
ous conveniences  are  appreciated  and 
consequently  Mr.  Nicholson  is  patronized 


State  of  South  Carolina. 


207 


and  appealed  to  by  a large  number  of 
farmers  of  tlie  county,  and  his  cash  capi- 
tal, which  by  the  way  is  said  to  be  the 
largest  in  the  county,  instead  of  lying 
idle  is  always  in  service  and  doing  active 
and  salient  good  to  a wide  circle  of  in- 
dustrious men. 

He  started  business  in  this  town  in 
1860,  and  was  among  the  first  to  intro- 
duce into  this  section  fertilizers,  which 
have  proved  the  greatest  boon  to  the  worn 
out  lands  of  the  country.  He  handles 
now  from  300  to  400  tons,  and  in  cotton 
over  1,500  bales  passes  thro’  his  books 
annually.  He  also  deals  extensively  in 
bagging  and  ties  and  keeps  in  stock  a 
good  selection  of  the  famous  Western 
buggies  and  Old  Hickory  wagons. 

In  fire  insurance  he  writes  policies  for 
the  Continental,  the  Providence,  Wash- 
ington, the  Crescent  and  the  Norwich 
Union,  names  synonymous  with  liberali- 
ty, wealth  and  stability. 

His  premises  are  located  on  Main 
street  near  the  depot.  The  main  build- 
ing is  a handsome  two-story  new  brick 
one,  35x120  feet  in  extent,  while  the 
warehouse  130  feet  long  by  25  feet  on  the 
railroad  track,  is  used  for  the  storage  of 
fertilizers.  Mr.  Nicholson  is  also  a No- 
tary Public,  having  been  appointed  by 
Gov.  Simpson.  In  his  neatly  arranged 
office  he  receives  all  with  becoming 
grace,  transacts  his  affairs  with  a promp- 
titude, exactness  and  reliability,  that 
have  placed  him  in  an  envied  position  as 
one  of  the  leading  financiers  and  busi- 
ness men  of  upper  South  Carolina. 

He  is  a native  of  Aberdeen,  Scotland, 
is  by  trade  a marble  carver,  and  was 
many  years  with  one  of  the  first  houses 
in  Edinburgh  in  this  line.  He  came  out 
to  the  United  States  in  1857,  and  two 
years  later  settled  in  Union.  In  the  late 
war  he  served  in  the  Macbeth  Artillery, 
was  disabled,  placed  on  light  duty,  and 
at  the  close  was  chief  clerk  for  Dr. 
Thomson,  in  the  hospital  in  Columbia. 
He  is  a R.  A.  Mason,  and  K.  of  II.,  and 
is  chosen  as  Commissioner  of  the  County 
to  attend  to  the  collection  and  forward- 
ing of  specimens  and  samples  to  the 
New  Orleans  Exposition.  He  is  an  ex- 
warden of  the  town  and  withal  a man  to 
whom  the  community  owes  much  and 
will  owe  more  as  she  grows  in  prosperity 
and  advances  in  importance  and  wealth. 


He  owns  the  hall  which  is  used  for  pub- 
lic entertainments. 


Builder  and  Contractor  and  Deal- 
er in  Carriages,  Wagons  and 

Buggies. 

The  first  and  most  important  of  arts 
wherever  men  become  gathered  together 
is  that  of  carpenter  and  builder.  In  the 
embryo  prairie  settlement  he  is  the  first 
whose  services  are  called  into  requisi- 
tion to  add  to  man's  comfort  and  con- 
venience, when  that  settlement  has 
grown  into  a city  its  growth  and  impor- 
tance is  best  exemplified  in  its  buildings, 
and  when  that  city  in  the  march  of  civ- 
ilization is  deserted  by  its  once  opulent 
inhabitants,  the  work  of  the  builder  re- 
mains for  generation  and  centuries,  bear- 
ing in  its  style  and  structure  to  the  chil- 
dren of  time  the  most  exact  representa- 
tions and  most  correct  knowledge  of  the 
habits  and  greatness  of  those  who  live  on 
the  pages  of  books  alone.  Nothing 
makes  life  so  miserable  as  an  uncomfort- 
able and  inconvenient  home,  nothing 
adds  more  to  the  pleasure  of  living  than 
a neat  and  well  arranged  dwelling,  and 
nothing  is  more  important  in  the  further- 
ance of  trade  than  substantial  and  well 
built  warehouses  and  stores.  The  arti- 
san, merchant  and  the  millionaire  alike 
take  equal  jn’ide  in  having  their  work- 
shops, stores  and  residences,  built  with  a 
view  of  affording  most  comfort  and  beau- 
ty, and  by  nothing  can  this  be  more 
plainly  proven  than  by  a brief  examina- 
tion of  the  stores  and  residences  in  and 
around  Union  C.  II.  These  have  been 
largely  erected  by  and  under  the  super- 
vision of  Mr.  Rodger. 

When  Union  has  become  a city,  num- 
bering her  factories,  her  churches,  her 
schools,  her  mansions,  her  warehouses 
by  the  dozen,  running  through  them  all 
the  student  of  architecture  will  still  ob- 
serve a vein  of  similarity,  which  he  will 
discern  is  only  an  augmented  reflection 
of  the  styles  that  have  been  now  adopted. 
Mr.  Rodger  has  had  a long,  eventful, 
and  if  our  readers  will  follow  us  to  the 
end  of  the  chapter  they  will  admit  also 
a useful  life. 

He  was  born  on  12th  January,  1822, 
in  that  old  University  town,  the  home  of 


208 


Town  of  Union, 


scholars,  whose  dogmas  oft  convulsed 
the  institutions  of  the  land,  whose  tal- 
ents as  oft  united  the  warring  factions 
of  government  and  church.  On  the 
grassy  slopes  of  St.  Andrews,  crowning 
tiiose  craggy  cliffs  that  have  since  the 
dawn  of  time  defied  the  storms  of  the 
North  Sea,  the  subject  of  our  sketch 
passed  the  earlier  years  of  his  life,  and  in 
the  bleak  cold  winds  that  sweep  across 
the  ocean,  acquired  perhaps  that  hardy 
ability  for  work  that  has  made  him  the 
compeer  of  his  fellow-men.  He  learned 
his  trade  as  a carpenter  in  his  native 
town,  and  in  1845  moved  to  Glasgow, 
where  he  was  foreman  in  one  of  the 
largest  establishments  of  that  city.  In 
1848  he  took  ship  for  the  United  States, 
and  came  straight  to  friends  in 
Union  county,  and  without  a dollar  start- 
ed in  to  work  the  day  after  his  arrival. 
In  1850  he  settled  in  the  town,  and  was 
engaged  to  do  many  of  the  most  impor- 
tant jobs,  including  the  wood  work  on 
the  addition  to  the  courthouse  made  in 
1857.  He  soon  saved  considerable  mon- 
ey and  on  5th  November,  1855,  bought 
out  a tinning  establishment  on  Main  St., 
now  conducted  by  his~som_  He  also  car- 
ried on  a general  merchandise  business, 

; and  invested  the  increasing  profits 
l largely  in  real  estate.  On  this  he  erected 
1 various  dwellings  and  stores,  and  grad- 
ually found  himself  becoming  the  prin- 
cipal contractor  of  the  town.  As  above 
mentioned  most  of  the  leading  struct- 
ures point  to  his  operations  in  this  line; 
the  hotel  owned  by  a stock  company  of 
which  he  is  President,  the  largest  stores 
on  Main  St.,  and  some  of  the  finest  res- 
idences in  the  city  and  county  have  been 
put  up  by  him.  He  is  a director  and 
shareholder  in  the  two  Building  and 
Loan  Associations,  one  ten  years  and  the 
other  three  years  existant.  He  has  also 
had  his  misfortunes  to  battle  against. 
He  was  burned  out  in  1860,  and  in  1872 
a whole  block  of  his  was  destroyed  by 
fire,  and  in  1877,  when  in  Europe,  he 
also  lost  by  fire  by  being  uninsured.  In 
the  war  he  served  four  years  for  the  Con- 
federacy. He  entered  the  5th  South 
Carolina  a year  as  musician  and  later  in 
the  ranks  took  part  in  all  the  fights  till 
Seven  Pines,  when  appointed  wagon 
master  of  the  4th  Brigade.  At  the 
close  of  the  war  be  brought  the  wagon 


home,  and  delivered  it  to  the  Brigade 
Quartermaster  at  Chester.  Mr.  Rodg- 
er has  also  been  in  public  life.  He 
was  Intend  ant  of  the  town  one  term, 
1869  and  ’70,  he  was  Warden  9 years, 
and  8 years  Secretary  and  Treasurer  of 
the  Council,  and  in  these  offices  gained 
great  popularity.  He  is  also  a R.  A. 
Mason,  and  many  years  Treasurer  of 
both  the  R.  A.  and  Blue  Lodges  of 
Union.  With  immense  property  in  and 
out  of  the  city  limits,  his  time  is  largely 
taken  up  holding  together  and  attending 
to  the  utilization  of  his  substantial  ac- 
cumulations, for  his  own  and  the  public 
benefit.  He  has  however,  still  a store 
located  on  Main  St.,  where  he  carries  a 
full  stock  of  Tennessee  wagons  and  Co- 
lumbus buggies,  and  does  in  them  a 
large  trade.  He  owns  18  acres  of  farm 
land  in  the  incorported  limits,  last  year 
produced  10  bales  of  cotton  on  them,  and 
this  year  the  wheat  has  run  as  high  as 
474  bushels  to  the  acre. 

He  is  one  of  the  three  oldest  married 
men  living  in  this  town,  he  is  a leading 
member  of  the  Presbyterian  ehnrch,  and 
enjoys  the  confidence  of  the  commun- 
ity. 


ROBERSON  & GR3MBALL, 

Cotton  Buyers  and  General  Mer- 
chants. 

Among  the  representative  houses  in 
this  county,  the  above  takes  a leading 
and  prominent  place,  and  is  conducted 
on  a basis  that  places  it  on  a par  with 
similar  establishments  throughout  the 
State.  It  was  founded  in  1881,  and 
from  its  inception  has  steadily  increased 
its  transactions  which  now  amount  to 
about  860.000  annually.  They  occupy  a 
spacious  building  25x150  feet  in  extent, 
and  the  premises  consist  of  main  floor, 
basement  and  millinery  room.  This  lat- 
ter department  has  been  recently  added 
to  the  institution,  and  being  the  only 
thing  of  the  kind  in  town,  has  met  with 
a large  patronage,  two  competent  and 
experienced  hands  being  employed.  The 
stock  contains  a full  line  of  foreign  and 
domestic  dry  goods,  fancy  and  dress 
goods,  hosiery,  boots  and  shoes,  hats 
and  caps,  staple  and  fancy  groceries, 
shelf  and  heavy  hardware,  farm  imple- 
ments, etc.;  it  averages  from  812,000 


State  of  South  Carolina. 


209 


to  $15,000  in  value,  it  is  retailed  most- 
ly on  the  lien  system,  and  the  trade 
extends  over  the  whole  county.  They 
handle  a large  share  of  the  cotton 
brought  to  this  town,  and  sell  annual- 
ly some  300  tons  of  fertilizers.  The 
members  of  this  firm,  Messrs.  C.  R. 
Roberson  and  H.  M.  Grimball  are  well 
known  among  the  reliable  men  of  this 
county.  The  former  is  a native  of 
Union,  a Mason,  K.  of  H.,  influential 
in  politics,  discharged  the  duties  of 
Intendant  one  term,  and  is  largely  en- 
gaged attending  to  his  extensive  inter- 
ests as  one  of  the  most  opulent  farm- 
ers of  the  county.  Capt.  Grimball.  is 
a native  of  Charleston.  In  the  war 
was  with  the  Arsenal  Cadets,  and  is  K. 
of  H.  He  has  been  11  years  identi- 
fied with  the  growth  of  this  section, 
and  is  an  energetic,  live  and  progress- 
ive business  man. 


RICE  & McLURE, 

General  Merchants. 

Among  the  merchants  of  leading  im- 
portance in  this  county,  the  above  house 
takes  a place  in  the  front  rank.  The 
business  was  established  immediately 
after  the  war  as  Rice  & Rawls,  in  ’75  the 
name  became  Rice,  McLure  & Co.,  and 
in  ’7 8 the  present  style  name  was  adopted. 
The  premises  they  occupy  are  well  ar- 
ranged and  spacious,  are  25x140  feet,  and 
are  filled  with  a stock  of  general  mer- 
chandise, valued  at  from  _$10,000  to 
$15,000  according  to  the  season.  It  eon- 
sistsmf  staple  and  fancy  groceries,  teas, 
coffees,  sugars,  spices,  flour,  bacon,  grain, 
etc.,  dry  goods,  boots  and  shoes,  hats  and 
caps,  shelf  and  heavy  hardware,  and  all 
farmer’s  and  plantation  supplies.  Five 
hands  ai’e  employed  and  the  business 
mostly  done  on  the  lien  principle  reaches 
from  $40,000  to  $50,000  annually.  In 
fertilizers  they  handle  the  best  brands 
and  their  cotton  purchases  amount  to 
over  1,000  bales.  The  members  of  this 
firm  are  Messrs.  S.  M.  Rice  and  J.  W. 
McLure. 

The  first  named  is  a native  of 
Union,  i's'  largely  engaged  planting,  is 
one  of  the  biggest  land  owners  in  the 
county,  is  an  extensive  railroad  contrac- 
tor and-  miner,  and  is  at  present  building 
the  road  from  Laurens  to  Spartanburg 


and  Greenville.  In  the  war  he  was  in 
Boyce’s  Artillery.  Captain  McLure,  who 
mostly  attends  to  the  business  is  a native 
of  Chester,  came  to  this  country  in  1847. 
He  merchandised  and  planted  till  the 
war  when  he  joined  the  5th  South  Caro- 
lina Regiment  as  Lieutenant,  and  on  the 
re-organization  became  cpuartermaster  of 
the  Palmetto  Sharpshooters,  Jenkins’ 
Brigade.  At  the  cessation  of  hostilities 
he  continued  planting  till  ’75,  when  he 
sold  out  all  his  land  except  a farm  he 
still  runs  in  the  suburbs  of  the  town. 
The  Captain  is  one  of  the  best  business 
men  of  the  town,  and  has  done  much  to 
increase  the  importance  of  Union.  He 
is  a member  of  the  Episcopal  church  and 
personally  is  tall,  and  his  entertaining 
manner  leaves  nothing  to  be  desired.  He 
has  a large  interest  in  the 

Knuckles  & Norris  Gold  Mine, 

located  in  LTnion  county,  16  miles  north 
of  the  Courthouse.  The  mine  was 
worked  40  years  ago,  and  even  with  the 
simple  methods  used  for  extraction  it  was 
very  profitable.  The  ore  had  to  be 
hauled  several  miles  to  the  river  where  it 
was  worked,  and  when  we  think  that  the 
California  mines  were  not  then  discov- 
ered we  can  form  some  idea  of  the  prim- 
itive methods  that  Messrs.  Knuckles  & 
Norris  must  have  used.  In  ’56  Captain 
McLure  bought  the  mine,  and  after  the 
war  the  ground  was  somewhat  explored 
and  splendid  veins  were  found  and  the 
metal  is  also  found  in  the  sands  in  the 
bed  of  the  stream  by  the  disintegration 
of  the  rock  in  the  hill.  By  the  explora- 
tion a regular  fissure  vein  from  16  to  20 
feet  in  thickness  was  cut  through  dis- 
closing fine  specimens  of  quartz  veins. 
With  the  proper  machinery  the  mine  has 
every  appearance  of  being  able  to  give  a 
plenteous  yield.  The  ore  was  sent  to  the 
Charlotte  mint  where  Mr.  Hannon,  the 
United  States  assayer,  got  results  as  high 
as  119  pennyweight  to  the  ton,  and  the 
very  lowest  lie  could  obtain  by  picking 
the  samples  was  $6.  All  that  Captain 
McLure  is  in  search  of  is  a practical 
miner  to  superintend  the  working  of  the 
mine,  when  he  and  his  friends  will  be 
willing  to  advance  plenty  of  funds,  and 
this  mint  of  dead  wealth  will  become  a 
source  of  profit  to  the  county  and  the 
world. 


210 


Town  of  Union 


JAS.  GftAPIT, 

Mason  and  Builder. 

The  experienced  and  educated  mason 
is  always  becoming  a greater  and  greater 
necessity  in  the  growing  cities  of  our 
country,  and  Union  in  the  person  of  Mr. 
Jas.  Grant  fortunately  possesses  one  of 
those  rarities,  to  exemplify  whose  ability 
we  only  point  to  a large  portion  of  the 
main  buildings  of  the  city  and  congratu- 
late on  the  fruits  of  efforts  which  have 
been  directed  to  make  Union  second  to 
no  other  town  of  its  size  in  the  Union. 

Mr.  Grant  was  born  in  Huntly,  Scot- 
land, and  learned  his  trade  as  a mason  in 
Aberdeen,  and  at  an  early  age  we  find 
him  called  upon  to  undertake  some  of 
the  most  difficult  jobs  that  were  entrusted 
to  the  house  he  was  employed  with.  He 
was  sent  to  Edinburgh  to  build  resi- 
dences and  execute  fine  work  in  that  city, 
which  on  account  of  its  location  and  the 
magnificence  of  its  streets  and  buildings 
has  gained  itself  the  cognomen  of  mod- 
ern Athens.  He  remained  there  two 
years,  amassed  quite  a little  sum  of 
money,  returned  home  and  soon  after  in 
1851  came  out  to  the  United  States.  He 
arrived  in  Montreal,  soon  crossed  over  to 
Hew  York  and  then  settled  in  Charles- 
ton, where  he  remained  till  the  war. 
During  these  years  he  moved  about  with 
his  family  and  at  the  cessation  of  hostil- 
ities settled  in  Union.  The  war  threw 
him  on  his  beam  ends,  and  he  was  well 
nigh  giving  his  business'  up  in  despair 
when  a fire  occurred  which  reduced  the 
main  portion  of  the  town  to  a heap  of 
ruins.  It  is  an  ill  wind  that  blows  no- 
body good,  says  the  adage,  and  in  this 
case  the  proverb  is  exemplified,  for  Mr. 
Grant,  being  the  only  mason  in  the  com- 
munity, soon  found  his  services  in  great 
demand.  For  years  his  hands  were  con- 
stantly full  of  work,  till  the  town  gradu- 
ally assumed  the  appearance  it  bears  to- 
day, and  its  beauty,  regularity  and  sub- 
stantiality points  to  a painstaking  and 
experienced  head  of  no  mean  or  ordinary  j 
ability.  To-day  Mr.  Grant  looks  back 
with  contentment  on  a life  of  earnest 
toil,  resulting  in  a happy  and  fortunate  : 
state  of  things.  He  lives  in  a spacious 
dwelling  with  a large  garden  in  the  rear, 
opposite  the  courthouse.  Mr.  Grant  is 
a jovial  Scotchman,  can  spin  many  a ; 


merry  yarn  of  his  varied  experience  of 
life,  and  makes  at  home  all  who  call 
upon  his  hospitality. 


REUBEN  T.  CEE, 

Dealer  in  General  Merchandise, 

American  Sewing  Machines  and 

Fertilizers. 

This  is  one  of  the  most  reliable  houses 
in  Union  that  we  have  visited,  and  is 
well  worthy  of  mention  among  the  en- 
terprises of  the  city.  Its  inception  dates 
back  to  1875,  when  the  name  was  Gee  & 
Humphries,  and  since  1881,  by  the  death 
of  the  junior  partner  July  20,  ’81,  Mr. 
Gee  has  carried  on  business  alone.  His 
premises  consist  of  a spacious  store  30x80 
feet  in  dimensions,  well  lit  and  fitted 
with  modern  conveniences,  and  a ware- 
house in  the  rear  used  for  storage  of 
heavy  groceries.  The  stock  carried 
averaging  from  88,000  to  810,000  in 
value,  consists  of  as  full  a line  of  general 
merchandise  as  can  be  found  anywhere; 
it  contains  choice  groceries,  teas,  coffees, 
sugar,  molasses,  bacon,  provisions, canned 
goods,  etc. ; a large  assortment  of  staple 
dry  goods  from  the  best  foreign  and  do- 
mestic looms,  fancy  and  white  goods, 
boots  and  shoes  for  ladies’,  gents’  and 
children's  wear,  latest  styles  in  hats  and 
caps,  shelf  and  heavy  hardware,  agricul- 
tural implements,  etc.  Mr.  Gee  also 
handles  large  quantities  of  the  famous 
Ashepoo  fertilizers,  and  has  always  on 
hand  a good  selection  of  the  American 
sewing  machines.  An  experienced  mer- 
chant confining  his  attention  strictly  to 
business,  Mr.  Gee  caters  for  the  country 
trade,  offers  superior  goods  at  low  rates 
and  enjoys  a large  and  increasing  patron- 
age. He  is  a native  of  Union,  and  in  the 
late  war  served  with  the  Macbeth  Artil- 
lery. He  is  a R.  A.  Mason,  K.  of  H., 
and  a member  of  the  Methodist  denomi- 
nation. 


JAMES  H.  RODGER, 

Groceries,  Stoves,  Hardware.  Tin- 
ware Manufacturer.  Etc. 

This  house  prominently  represents  in 
Union  the  stove  and  tinware  trade.  Mr. 
Rodger  succeeded  his  father  in  1877.  and 
has  increased  a business  which  was  al- 
ways well  patronised.  His  store  26x75 


State  of  South  Carolina. 


$ii 


feet  in  extent  is  well  arranged,  and  his 
shop  is  fitted  with  all  the  best  tools  and 
conveniences  for  repairing  and  manufac- 
turing. A warehouse  is  also  used  for 


storage  purposes,  and  the  stock  comprises 
a full  line  of  staple  groceries,  the  latest 
patterns  in  kitchen,  parlor  and  bedroom 
stoves,  shelf  and  heavy  hardware  and 
farming  tools.  He  is  agent  for  the  pop- 
lar “Farmer  Girl”  kitchen  stove,  and  the 
famous  Buckeye  Force 
Pump,  one  of  the  most 
valuable  inventions  of 
the  present  age,  used 
in  cases  of  fire,  for 
washing  buggies, 
sprinkling  lawns,  wa- 
tering flower  beds  and 
gardens,  washing  win- 
dows and  like  purpo- 
ses. It  throws  a steady 
stream  of  water  60 
feet,  and  can  be 
worked  by  hand  or 
windmill.  The  estab- 
lishment turns  out  ex- 
cellent work  in  tin- 
ware, stove  pipes,  and 
sheet-iron  pans,  and  in 
this  department  Mr. 
Rodger  employs  the 
year  through  two  com- 
petent hands  which 
enables  him  to  attend, 
at  short  notice,  to  or- 
ders for  tin-roofing, 
guttering  and  repairing.  He  pays  highest 
cash  prices  for  dry  hides  and  beeswax. 
Mr.  Rodger  is  one  of  the  young  enter- 
prising men  who  are  rapidly  increasing 
the  importance  of  Union  as  a centre  of 
trade.  He  was  born  in  Scotland,  but 
came  here  a few  months  old.  He  is  a 


Master  Mason  and  during  the  latter  part 
of  the  war  did  some  service  on  the  coast 
with  the  militia. 


COL,  i.  Q.  McKISSICK, 

A strong  and  well-known  member  of 
the  Union  bar  and  one  of  the  most  popu- 
lar men  in  this  section  of  the  State,  was 
born  and  raised  in  Union  county.  At 
the  age  of  25  he  was  elected  to  the  office 
of  Clerk  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas 
and  continued  in  office  till  February, 
1867.  In  1860  the  Colonel  was  elected 
Brigadier-General  of  cavalry  ; and  when 
the  war  broke  out  no  one  girded  on  his 
sword  more  readily  and  fewer  showed 
themselves  more  worthy  of  carrying  one. 
He  went  out  as  Captain  Company  D, 
Holcombe  Legion  Cavalry,  and  com- 
manded the  Legion  in  some  of  its  most 
notorious  skirmishes,  and  engagements, 
in  which  his  conduct  was  highly  com- 
mended by  his  superior  officers. 

Near  Cold  Harbor  in  1864  he  was 
wounded  severely  in  the  right  thigh,  was 
then  promoted  to  the  rank  of  Lieut.  - 
Colonel  of  the  Seventh  South  Carolina 
Cavalry.  In  the  winter  of  1864.  while  in 
the  hospital,  he  served  in  the  Legisla- 
ture. 

At  the  close  of  the  war  he  resumed  his 
duties  as  Clerk  of  the  Court,  studied  law 
with  A.  W.  Thomson,  Esq.,  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  practice  in  December.  1866. 

In  February  following  he  opened  his 
office  and  soon  took  a leading  place  at 
the  bar,  and  has  since  ranked  as  one  of 
the  most  successful  and  able  lawyers  in 
the  up  country.  The  Colonel  is  also  con- 
spicuous in  political  life  ; he  is  the 
strongest  man  in  Union  county  and 
counts  many  friends  at  his  back.  in ’68- 
69  he  was  Intendant  of  the  town.  In  ’70 
lie  was  elected  to  Congress  on  the  Demo- 
cratic ticket  but  was  cheated  out  of  his 
seat.  Since ’78  he  has  been  continuously 
elected  to  the  Legislature,  and  again 
nominated  this  year  by  an  overwhelming 
majority.  Few  men  in  the  House  can 
equal  him  as  an  orator  and  he  is  the  man 
of  the  county  for  an  impromptu  speech. 
He  takes  a prominent  and  active  part  in 
the  proceedings  of  the  House  and  is 
always  a member  of  several  committees. 
He  was  on  the  committee  on  claims 
during  his  first  term,  second  term  he  was 


Town  of  HnioIL 


§i§ 


on  the  judiciary,  and  the  last  term  the 
ways  and  means,  and  was  also  chairman 
of  the  State  House  and  grounds  commit- 
tee. He  introduced  and  passed  the  law 
to  imprison  the  culprit  for  taking  a horse 
without  intent  to  steal.  He  passed  in 
February,  ’80,  the  bill  known  as  “Mc- 
Kissick’s  Fee  Bill,”  which  virtually  re- 
established the  old  fee  bill  of  1839.  The 
Colonel  is  personally,  as  the  saying  goes, 
a regular  “trump,”  and  one  of  the  solid 
standby’s  of  the  county  and  State.  He 
is  also  well  up  in  Masonry,  is  a Past 
Master  of  the  Grand  Lodge  and  R.  A. 
and  Council  and  also  member  of  the 
Knights  of  Honor. 


COL.  D.  P.  DUNCAN, 

President  the  South  Carolina  Agri- 
cultural and  Mechanical  Society. 


The  above  gentleman  is  another  of  the 
members  of  the  family  of  this  name,  who 
have  become  prominent  and  influential 
factors  in  the  material  and  social  work- 
ing of  this  State.  He  ivas  born  in  Vir- 
ginia in  1840,  is  a son  of  Professor  Dun- 
can whose  life  is  noticed  along  with  the 
article  on  D.  R.  Duncan,  of  Spartan- 
burg. In  1854  he  moved  with  his  family 
to  Spartanburg,  he  entered  the  Citadel 
with  the  class  of  1863  and ’64,  served  one 
year  of  the  war  with  the  State  corps  of 
Cadets  on  James  Island  and  the  Savan- 
nah road.  In  1867  he  married  the  only 


daughter  of  the  late  Ex- Governor  TV.  H. 
Gist,  and  moved  to  Union  county,  en- 
gaged in  farming,  and  has  since  been  in- 
timately identified  with  the  farming  in- 
terests of  county  and  State  as  well  as 
with  the  general  advancement  of  the 
people.  In  1876  he  was  elected  on  the 
Board  of  County  Commissioners  of  his 
county,  with  two  other  farmers.  The 
Radicals  turned  over  the  office  to  them 
with  a debt  of  815,000.  He,  with  two 
new  Commissioners,  was  re-elected  in 
1878,  and  when  ho  left  the  office  in  1880, 
provision  had  been  made  for  the  payment 
of  every  dollar  of  this  large  old  debt; 
during  the  last  ttvo  years  of  his  term,  he 
had  entire  charge  of  the  finances  of  the 
county,  and  for  the  manner  in  which 
this  old  debt  Avas  settled,  and  for  the  re- 
tiring of  some  of  the  railroad  bonds  of 
the  county,  Colonel  Duncan  has  been 
more  highly  complimented  by  the  busi- 
ness men  of  this  county  than  any  one 
who  has  ever  occupied  this  unenviable 
position.  He  commenced  his  farming 
operations  on  an  old  plantation  of  some 
900  acres,  which  he  has  increased  by 
thrift,  economy,  and  close  attention  to 
business,  to  some  2,100  acres  and  it  is 
iioav  known  as  one  of  the  best  preserved 
and  improved  places  in  that  section  of 
the  State.  He  has  about  600  acres  un- 
der cultivation  in  cotton,  corn,  wheat 
and  oats,  and  raises  annually  about  150 
bales  of  the  Southern  staple.  The  Colonel 
is  an  authority  on  farming,  not  only  in 
the  county  but  in  the  courts  of  the  State 
Avhere  his  judgment  lias  been  often  taken 
as  important  evidence.  Though  a com- 
paratively young  man  he  has  by  his  en- 
terprise and  knowledge  of  farming  set  an 
example  to  the  planters  of  this  section 
and  has  been  instrumental  in  introducing 
improved  machinery  for  use  in  agricul- 
tural pursuits.  His  farm  is  located  ten 
miles  from  Pinion  Courthouse,  on  Tiger 
river,  near  the  Laurens  line.  Colonel 
Duncan  has  been  married  twice,  his  first 
wife  died  in  1876.  and  in  1881  he  was 
married  to  Miss  Richardson,  daughter  of 
Hon.  John  S.  Richardson,  of  Sumter.  S. 
C.  He  was  elected  President  of  the  South 
Carolina  Agricultural  and  Mechanical 
Society  some  years  ago,  and  the  marked 
success  of  the  Society  under  his  adminis- 
tration proves  again  what  a live,  young, 
and  active  mind  at  the  head  of  affairs 


State  of  South  Carolina. 


213 


can  do.  When  lie  came  into  office  he 
found  the  Society  1500  in  debt,  now 
there  is  a large  new  main  building  suffi- 
ciently completed  so  as  to  be  used  at  the 
nest  fair,  which  has  been  erected  with 
the  net  balance  saved  from  the  last  two 
fairs,  supplemented  by  $2,000  which  he 
induced  the  City  of  Columbia  to  sub- 
scribe to  this  most  commendable  enter- 
prise, and  when  entirely  completed  this 
will  be  one  of  the  handsomest  Fair  build- 
ings in  the  South.  The  two  annual  Fairs 
that  have  been  held  in  his  term  of  office 
have  had  an  attendance  of  over  12,000 
visitors  at  each  fair.  Colonel  Duncan  is 
one  of  the  best  known  and  popular  men 
of  the  State  of  his  age,  and  with  a level 
head  on  broad  shoulders  he  bids  fair  to 
rise  high  in  the  history  of  our  country. 
He  was  appointed  to  fill  the  unexpired 
term  of  the  late  Governor  Jeter,  one  of 
the  three  Railroad  Commissioners,  and 
has  since  in  this  post  given  great  satis- 
faction; he  seems  to  have  all  the  doings 
of  the  railroads  of  the  country  at  his 
finger’s  ends,  and  can  talk  for  hours  on 
the  subject  and  still  be  interesting.  To 
keep  himself  posted  on  the  doings  in  the 
State,  he  attends  all  the  county  fairs  and 
meetings  of  importance,  at  which  he  is 
always  a welcome  guest.  He  is  a Mason, 
Past  Master  of  Rosehoro  Lodge,  and  clos-  j 
ing  we  refer  our  readers  to  the  accom- 
panying portrait  which  is  a good  likeness. 


JAS.  3.  STEEDS  A IhS, 

Intendant. 

The  position  of  chief  executive  of 
Union  is  at  present  filled  by  one  of  her 
best  men,  one  of  the  ablest  lawyers  of  up- 
per South  Carolina.  Jas.  B.  Steedman 
was  born  in  Charleston,  educated  at  the 
schools  of  that  city,  and  later  studied  at 
South  Carolina  University,  which  insti- 
tution he  left  without  graduating,  having 
taken  part  in  the  Stewards’  Hall  Rebel- 
lion. He  studied  law  with  Mr.  Tobin  of 
Barnwell  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1856.  He  settled  in  Union  immediately 
after.  In  the  late  war  he  went  out  with 
the  Fifth  South  Carolina  as  Orderly  Ser- 
geant, being  promoted  for  meritorious 
conduct  to  the  Captaincy  of  Company  H. 
He  was  later  raised  to  the  rank  of  Major 
and  was  recommended  for  a Colonelcy. 
At  second  Manassas  he  commanded  the 


regiment,  and  was  so  severely  wounded  in 
that  engagement  as  to  be  unfit  for  fur- 
ther active  duty.  Returning  home  he 
was  elected  Intendant  of  the  town  and 
filled  the  post  in  the  years  ’64,  ’65  and 
’66.  He  practiced  first  in  partnership 
with  B.  F.  Arthur  and  later  with  R.  R. 
Rawls  a few  years,  since  when  he  has  been 
alone.  He  enjoys  the  largest  practice  in 
the  county.  As  Intendant  he  was  elected 
in  1883,  has  given  attention  to  the  pav- 
ing of  the  streets  and  also  to  the  enforce- 
ment of  the  liquor  law,  and  the  citizens 
are  consulting  the  town’s  interests  by  con- 
tinuing him  in  office.  Col.  Steedman  is 
one  of  the  wealthy  men  of  the  county, 
and  on  his  land,  some  3,000  acres  in  ex- 
tent, he  has  fifteen  farms  which  run 
thirty  plows.  He  takes  great  interest  in 
the  introduction  of  improved  implements 
and  methods  in  farming.  His  hay  has 
taken  the  premium  at  the  county  fair  for 
several  years  back.  He  produces  twenty 
tons  yearly  and  encourages  his  tenants  to 
increase  their  hay  as  well  as  their  small 
grain  product.  The  Colonel  resides  in  a 
large  comfortable  house  on  Main  Street, 
surrounded  by  neatly  laid  out  grounds, 
and  he  has  lately  added  still  more  to  its 
attractions  by  having  married  a lady  from 
the  City  of  Churches,  who  has  already 
quite  gained  the  good  will  and  favor  of 
the  community. 


D.  C.  FLYSr^INI, 

Leader  of  Low'  Prices  in  Dry  Goods, 
Clothing,  Shoes,  Etc. 

It  may  be  safely  said  that  no  store  in 
this  city  is  entitled  to  more  prominent 
mention  than  the  above.  The  business 
Mr.  Flvnn  founded  in  1879.  The  at- 
tractions offered  to  the  public  have  been 
constantly  renewed  and  added  to  and 
daily  there  may  be  seen  in  the  store  a 
continuous  stream  of  customers.  The 
premises,  located  on  Main  Street  oppo- 
site the  hotel,  are  25x90  feet  in  extent. 
The  stock,  valued  at  some  $10,000,  in- 
cludes a varied  assortment  of  the  best 
foreign  and  domestic  dry  goods,  fancy 
dress  and  white  goods,  silks,  satins,  bro- 
cades, cashmeres,  ladies’  dolmans  and 
cloaks,  clothing,  latest  modes  in  ladies, 
gents  and  children’s  boots  and  shoes, 
American  notions,  newest  styles  in  hats 
and  caps,  trunks  and  valises,  etc.  The 


214 


Town  of  t?Nioif, 


house  employs  six  competent  salesmen, 
it  makes  its  purchases  and  its  sales  most- 
ly on  cash  and  thus  is  enabled  to  offer 
the  miraculous  bargains  which  have  con- 
tinued to  surprise  competitors  and  aston- 
ish the  approving  public.  Mr.  Flynn  is 
a native  of  the  Green  Isle,  and  came  to 
the  United  States  in  1871.  He  remained 
in  New  York  city,  gaining  that  expe- 
rience of  the  trade  that  makes  him  to- 
day such  an  important  factor  in  this 
county,  came  South  to  Georgia  and  five 
years  ago  he  settled  in  Union.  He  also 
conducts  an  extensive  business  in  New- 
berry, where  his  goods  have  gained  a 
similarly  standard  reputation  as  here. 


GOSS  & STOKES, 

Insurance  Agents. 

Insurance,  both  fire  and  life,  is  one  of 
the  great  interests  of  the  age,  in  money, 
power  and  influence,  it  ranks  with  bank- 
ing and  railroading.  Great  estates  and 
manufacturing  industries  can  only  be 
protected  through  its  principles,  and  the 
penniless  and  dependent  comforted  by  its 
privileges.  The  firm  in  Union  which 
confines  its  attention  wholly  to  this  line, 
Mess.  Goss  & Stokes,  succeeded  in  1853, 
the  house  of  Hill  & Co.,  who  carried  on 
insurance  along  with  their  other  lines  of 
general  merchandise,  and  who  were  con- 
ceded to  be  at  the  time  of  their  retire- 
ment the  heaviest  dealers  in  this  town. 
Messrs.  Goss  & Stokes  represent  the  Fire 
Insurance  of  North  America,  the  Under- 
writers Agency,  Germania  of  N.  Y., 
Georgia  Home,  North  British  & Mer- 
cantile, Hamburg-Bremen,  the  Western 
Assurance  Society,  the  Hartford  of  Con- 
necticut, with  total  assets  on  this  conti- 
nent of  some  $25,000,000.  Mr.  Stokes, the 
active  partner  in  the  firm,  also  represents 
the  Equitable  of  N.  Y.,  the  largest  life 
insurance  company  in  this  country.  In 
consequence  of  the  popularity  and  reli- 
ability of  the  above  companies,  and  his 
eminent  qualifications  for  the  business, 
he  has  fully  sustained  the  prestige  and 
increased  the  operations  the  old  house 
always  enjoyed.  Insurance  is  effected 
in  all  kinds  of  city  and  county 
property,  including  gin  risks.  Col. 
Goss,  the  senior  member  of  the  house, 
was  partner  in  Hill  & Co.,  and  is  one  of 
the  wealthy  and  well  known  men  of  the 


county.  He  is  a native  of  Laurens,  but 
has  been  all  his  life  in  Union.  He  owns 
some  4,000  acres  of  land,  and  is  at  pres- 
ent a candidate  for  the  Legislature.  In 
the  5th  South  Carolina  Cavalry  he  did 
some  good  service  for  the  Confederacy. 
Mr.  Stokes  was  born  in  New  York,  has 
been  in  this  county  13  years,  owns  some 
200  acres  of  farm  land.  In  the  war  he 
was  with  the  reserves  of  Evans’  Brig- 
ade. 


FANT,  SVicKISSIGK  & CO., 

Groceries  and  Hardware. 

In  giving  an  authentic  history  of  the 
business  interests  of  Luiion,  we  must  not 
omit  mention  of  the  extensive  interests 
conducted  by  Fant,  McKissic-k  & Co. 
The  house  though  only  founded  in  Jan- 
uary, 1883,  already  ranks  as  a leading 
one  in  town.  Their  affairs  are  managed 
on  the  strictest  business-like  principles, 
and  so  adroitly  do  they  adjust  their  pur- 
chases and  sales,  using  their  capital  to 
the  utmost,  that  the  greater  part  of  their 
investment  is  represented  by  shipments 
on  the  road.  In  their  store,  24x110  feet, 
located  on  Main  Street  near  the  railroad 
track,  they  carry  a stock  of  some  86,000 
worth  of  merchandise.  It  includes  sta- 
ple and  fancy  groceries,  teas,  coffees,  su- 
gars, spices,  molasses,  flour,  bacon,  lard, 
etc.;  also  shelf  and  heavy  hardware  and 
cutlery,  including  agricultural  imple- 
ments and  tools,  and  they  are  agents  in 
this  county  for  the  ever-famous  Gullet 
cotton  gin,  and  the  Dow  Law  cotton  plan- 
ter. The  members  of  this  house  are  na- 
tives of  the  county.  They  are  promi- 
nont  both  in  business  and  social  circles, 
and  Mr.  McKissick  is  an  influential  Ma- 
son and  Past  Worshipful  Master  of  Union 
Lodge. 


UNION  HOTEL, 

W.  Moultrie  Gibbes.  Two  Dollars 
Per  Day. 

In  keeping  with  the  high  credit  and 
business-like  capacity  of  the  merchants 
of  the  town.  Union  possesses  a hotel 
which  does  her  honor.  It  may  be  said 
with  truth  that  the  advantages  afforded 
in  this  line  are  superior  to  any  found  in 
the  other  smaller  towns  of  the  State.  Not 
only  is  the  building  a large  new  one, 


State  of  South  Carolina. 


215 


erected  with  a view  to  complete  ventila- 
tion, but  the  furniture  of  the  rooms  is 
the  best  and  the  management  and  service 
leaves  nothing  to  be  desired.  The  hotel 
was  opened  in  October,  1875;  in  May, 
1882,  Gibbes  & Rodgers  became  proprie- 
tors, and  since  last  January,  Mr.  Gibbes 
has  conducted  it  alone.  The  building, 
the  largest  in  the  city,  is  located  on 
Main  Street,  and  is  the  central  point  of 
the  town,  both  geographically  and  social- 
ly. On  the  entrance  floor  is  a spacious 
office  and  reading  room,  and  a large  din- 
ing hall,  where  well  cooked  and  good 
meals  are  served.  The  second  and  third 
floors  are  mostly  occupied  by  sleeping 
rooms  to  the  number  of  23,  which  are 
provided  with  spring  beds;  a nice  parlor 
opening  out  on  a wide  balcony,  com- 
manding an  extensive  view  of  the  coun- 
try, is  also  mi  the  second  floor.  Six 
obliging  hands  are  employed.  The  pro- 
prietor, Capt.  TV.  Moultrie  Gibbes,  who 
is  ably  assisted  by  his  wife,  is  very  atten- 
tive to  his  guests,  is  always  on  hand,  and 
is  quite  an  entertaining  host.  He  is  a 
a native  of  Columbia,  and  before  the  war 
was  manager  of  Saluda  Cotton  Factory, 
and  king  of  that  thriving  village.  In 
the  war  he  was  Captain  of  the  Saluda 
Guards,  Gregg’s  First  South  Carolina 
Regiment,  was  taken  prisoner  by  Kilpat- 
rick in  Lexington  county,  and  was  pa- 
roled. The  Captain  was  eight  years  en- 
gaged in  the  hotel  business  in  Florida; 
came  to  this  town  in  1880,  and  well  de- 
serves the  success  he  is  meeting  with. 


J.  W.  POSEY  & BIRO. 

Drugs,  Medicines,  etc. 

One  of  the  neatest  and  most  attractive 
stores  of  Union  is  that  representing  the 
drug  trade,  conveniently  located  on 
Main  St.,  opposite  the  hotel,  it  is  a cen- 
tral market  for  the  purchase  of  supplies. 
It  presents  the  only  social  attraction  in 
town,  namely,  a plentious  supply  of  ice 
cold  soda  water,  and  the  ladies  invari- 
ably make  it  a stopping  place  in  hot 
weather.  The  stock  consists  of  pure 
drugs  and  chemicals,  standard  and  pro- 
prietary medicines,  paints  and  oils,  per- 
fumery and  toilet  articles,  stationei’yand 
fancy  goods.  These  are  well  displayed 
and  invite  attention  of  customers.  Phy- 
sicians and  family  recipes  are  promptly 


filled.  The  members  of  the  firm  are  J. 
TV.  and  B.  F.  Posey,  the  latter  conduct- 
ing a growing  business  in  Laurens.  The 
doctor  is  a native  of  Spartanburg  county, 
graduated  M.  D.  from  the  Atlanta 
Medical  College  in  1874.  He  settled  in 
Union  and  enjoyed  a large  practice  till  a 
year  ago  since  when  he  has  confined  his 
attention  to  pharmacy,  which  business  he 
started  four  years  ago.  He  has  of  course 
a large  trade,  and  though  he  is  without 
any  important  opposition,  he  enjoys  a 
monopoly,  but  does  not  take  advantage 
of  it  to  extort  high  prices.  The  Doctor 
is  justly  regarded  as  a reliable  medical 
man  and  competent  druggist. 

FARR  & THOf¥JSO£i, 

Cotton  Merchants,  Dealers  in  Sta- 
ple Groceries,  Fertilizers,  Bag- 
ging and  Ties,  Etc. 


The  most  important  interests  of  our 
country  is  that  of  farming,  and  conse- 
quently the  most  important  mercantile 
pursuit  is  that  of  handling  the  produce 
of  our  farms  and  supplying  our  plan- 
ters with  the  staples  necessary  for  liv- 
ing and  carrying  on  their  useful  opera- 
tions. It  is  therefore  with  pleasure  that 
we  turn  to  describe  one  of  the  oldest 
and  most  reliable  "houses  engaged  in  this 
line  in  South  Carolina,  and  the  leading 
one  of  this  section — the  well  known 
firm  of  Farr  & Thomson,  of  Union. 
The  house  was  established  immediately 
after  the  war  as  TV.  C.  Harris  & Co., 
TV.  T.  Thomson  being  the  second  part- 
ner. In  1868,  he  was  replaced  by  TV. 
E.  Thomson,  in  1872  the  name  became 
Harris  & Farr,  in  1874,  F.  M.  Farr  & 
Co.,  and  in  1881  the  present  name  was 
adopted.  They  occupy  a spacious  brick 
building  25x120  feet  in  dimensions;  their 
business  is  chiefly  conducted  on  the  prin- 
ciple of  liens  and  extends  throughout  the 


216 


Town  of  Union, 


whole  county.  As  cotton  merchants  they 
handle  annually  some  3,000  bales  of  the 
great  Southern  staple,  and  car-loads  of 
corn  produced  on  farms,  which  may  he 
looked  upon  as  small  dependencies  of  the 
house.  They  sell  in  the  season  about 
400  tons  guano,  and  always  keep  on 
hand  a large  and  comprehensive  stock  of 
grain,  flour,  bacon,  molasses,  sugar  and 
coffee.  In  insurance  they  represent  the 
Home,  of  New  York;  Fire  Association, 
of  Philadelphia;  L.  L.  and  G.,  Lanca- 
shire, and  Rochester  German,  with 
combined  total  assets  of  some  $20,000,- 
000.  The  individual  members  of  this 
prosperous  and  solid  old  firm  are  F.  M. 
Farr  and  W.  E.  Thomson.  In  the  late 
war  Oapt.  Farr  did  good  service  for  the 
the  great  cause;  he  entered  the  Fifteenth 
South  Carolina  as  private  and  for  meri- 
torious conduct  was  promoted  to  the 
command  of  Company  H.  He  is  a re- 
spected member  of  the  community  and  a 
deacon  in  the  Presbyterian  church,  while 
his  partner  is  a prominent  member  of 
the  Masonic  order.  Both  these  gentle- 
men are  natives  of  Union  county,  and 
their  long  residence  here  and  their  varied 
and  extensive  experience  peculiarly  fit 
them  for  successfully  conducting  their 
business. 


UFdiOftS  TIMES, 

R.  M.  Stokes. 

When  the  power  of  the  press  has  be- 
come an  axiomatic  phrase  in  the  lan- 
guage of  to-day,  it  is  not  unnatural  that 
the  newspaper  should  be  as  generally 
found  in  a community  as  any  other 
branch  of  trade  or  profession,  and  Union 
possesses  a weekly  journal  which  keeps  the 
county  abreast  of  the  times,  and  also  an 
editor  at  the  head  of  it  whose  ability  and 
experience  is  in  keeping  with  the  pro- 
verbial solidity  and  high  standing  of  the 
merchants  and  men  of  the  county.  The 
newspaper  was  founded  28  years  ago  as  a 
temperance  organ,  the  name  being  then 
the  Union;  when  everything  bearing  the 
semblance  of  the  Union  became  disliked 
in  the  Secession  State,  the  heading  of 
the  paper  was  changed  to  the  Unionville 
Journal,  and  after  the  war,  the  name  be- 
came the  Union  Times.  It  was  many 
years  edited  by  R.  A.  McKnight,  and 
after  the’  war  was  bought  at  the  Sheriff's 


sale  by  R.  W.  Shand,  who  edited  it  till 
1870.  In  that  year  the  present  owner 
took  hold  of  it  and  the  paper  has  steadi- 
ly prospered,  and  now  enjoys  a circu- 
lation of  700  weekly,  which  means  it 
reaches  every  man,  woman  and  family 
of  ordinary  intelligence  and  education  in 
the  county.  It  appears  every  Friday 
and  conveys  to  the  public  all  the  latest 
local  and  State  news,  and  also  the  prin- 
cipal tidings  from  all  parts  of  the  world. 
It  is  a 4-page  sheet,  34x34  inches,  six 
columns,  printed  in  brevier  and  long 
primer  type.  The  journal  is  naturally  a 
very  influential  organ  in  directing  the 
actions,  swaying  the  minds,  and  opening 
up  the  channels  of  trade.  The  estab- 
lishment, which  will  shortly  be  extended 
and  provided  with  a large  Campbell  pow- 
er press,  employs  four  hands  and  exe- 
cutes all  kinds  of  job  printing  at  reason- 
able rates.  The  editor  and  proprietor  of 
the  journal,  Mr.  R.  M.  Stokes,  is  one  of 
the  best  known  and  popular  men  of  the 
county.  He  was  born  in  Hampshire, 
England,  but  his  family  crossed  over  to 
Philadelphia,  when  he  was  only  six 
months  old.  He  was  thus  raised  in  the 
Quaker  City,  and  served  his  apprentice- 
ship as  a printer  in  Waldie’s  establish- 
ment, which  long  issued  from  its  presses 
the  celebrated  Select  Circulating  Libra- 
ry. Mr.  Stokes  struck  off  from  a me- 
dium hand-press  a portion  of  the  first 
edition  of  the  Public  Ledger,  of  Phila- 
delphia. He  later  moved  to  Michigan, 
and  was  employed  in  Detroit  by  the  State 
Printer,  Jno.  S.  Bagg.  He  was  in  New 
Orleans  during  the  yellow  fever  of  1842. 
from  where  he  returned  to  Philadelphia 
and  married  in  1846.  The  following 
year  he  came  to  South  Carolina,  settled 
in  Greenville,  and  then  went  to  Colum- 
bia with  I.  C.  Morgan,  State  Printer, 
then  purchased  the  Laurens  Herald  and 
published  it  eight  years,  and  in  the  fall 
of  1858,  he  bought  the  Farmer  and 
Planter  then  published  in  Pendleton  and 
took  it  to  Columbia,  and  during  the  war 
was  employed  in  the  Treasurer’s  Depart- 
ment. After  the  war  he  was  three  years 
in  Asheville,  from  where  he  was  called  by 
his  friends,  the  leading  men  of  this  coun- 
ty, Judge  Wallace,  General  Gist  and  the 
like,  to  take  charge  of  the  Times.  Since 
then  the  issue  has  taken  a new  life  and 
Mr.  Stokes  himself  has  gained  favor  with 


State  of  South  Carolina. 


the  community.  He  is  a R.  A.  Mason, 
a man  who  forms  his  own  opinions,  and 
is  what  is  termed  a strong  man  in  the 
county. 


DR.  L.  E.  MEADOR, 

Dentist. 

The  dental  profession  of  Union  is 
ably  represented  by  Dr.  Meador,  who  is 
a native  of  Fairfield  county,  and  took  the 
full  course  of  study  at  the  world  renown- 
ed Dental  College  of  Baltimore,  graduat- 
ing from  there  in  1881.  In  July  of  the  fol- 
lowing year  he  came  to  Union,  and 
bought  out  the  establishment  of  Dr. 
Boyd,  and  has  since  gradually  extended 
his  fame  till  now  he  draws  his  patronage 
from  the  best  families  of  Union,  Lau- 
rens, Chester  and  Newberry  counties. 
His  nicely  furnished  rooms  are  centrally 
located  over  Posey’s  Drug  Store,  oppo- 
site the  Union  Hotel.  They  are  pro- 
vided with  every  convenience  for  carry- 
ing on  business,  which  enables  the  Doctor 
to  give  patients  advantages  that  the  adja- 
cent county  towns  do  not  afford.  He  is  effi- 
cient in  all  kinds  of  dental  work.  Late- 
ly he  has  made  some  very  successful 
operations  in  irregularity,  and  has  made 
a regular  and  correct  row  of  teeth  in 
mouths,  which  would  have  been  entirely 
disfigured  ana  distorted  for  life,  not  to 
speak  of  the  great  pain  which  the  sufferer 
would  have  had  constantly  to  endure. 
He  is  a member  of  the  State  Dental  As- 
sociation, and  has  a student,  E.  F.  Sims 
who  assists  him  in  operations.  The 
Doctor  is  a K.  of  H.,  and  is  generally  re- 
garded as  an  acquisition  to  the  commun- 
ity. 


J.  E.  GQLT©^, 

General  Merchant. 

This  house  was  founded  in  August, 
1868,  asHmitJv-%>®tTrsA.-Colton,  in  ’72 
the  name  became  Spears  & Colton,  and 
since~'?80  Mr.  Colton  has  conducted  it 
alone.  Enterprising  and  experienced,  he 
has  made  a complete  success  of  his  busi- 
ness, and  his  increasing  trade  points  to 
the  popularity  of  his  goods.  His  store 
is  located  on  the  central  block  of  the  Main 
Street, consists  of  a spacious  floor  and  base- 
ment, 22x100  feet  in  extent,  and  the  upper 
story  of  his  building  he  rents  to  his  em- 


217 


ployees  and  other  tenants.  His  premises 
are  arranged  and  fitted  up  for  carrying 
out  his  operations  in  the  best  manner  and 
are  filled  with  a stock  averaging  some 
$8,000  in  value.  It  consists  of  finest  dry 
goods,  fancy  goods  and  notions,  cloth- 
ing, all  sizes  of  boots  and  shoes,  latest 
styles  in  hats  and  caps,  fresh  staple  and 
fancy  groceries,  etc.  In  crockery  and 
glassware  Mr.  Colton  keeps  the  fullest 
stock  in  town  and  carries  a varied  assort- 
ment of  imported  dinner,  tea  and  break- 
fast sets,  bedroom  ware,  lamp  goods,  or- 
naments, etc.  The  business  is  mostly 
conducted  on  a cash  basis,  only  a limited 
lien  trade  being  done.  Two  hands  are 
regularly  employed;  in  the  season  this 
number  is  doubled.  Mr.  Colton  is  a na- 
tive of  Union  county,  and  besides  being- 
one  of  our  most  energetic  merchants,  is  a 
prominent  R.  A.  Mason  and  elder  in  the 
Presbyterian  church.  In  the  war  he 
served  as  courier  to  A.  C.  Haskell, 
Colonel  of  the  Seventh  Regiment.'  He 
controls  in  this  county  the  celebrated 
light  running  “New  Home”  sewing  ma- 
chine, and  owing  to  an  increased  business 
in  this  line  he  employs  a competent  can- 
vasser who  is  constantly  traveling  the 
county  with  wagon  and  sales  are  made  on 
good  terms. 


ROBSPiS©^  &,  ALLl^, 

Builders  and  Repairers  of  Wagons 
and  Buggies. 

This  house  started  in  1875  as  Allen  & 
Robinson,  and  in  ’80  the  names  were 
reversed  to  the  present  style.  From  the 
commencement  their  efforts  have  been 
met  with  marked  success.  The  superior 
line  of  vehicles  made  have  gained  a good 
reputation.  As  the  owners  have  made  a 
special  study  of  the  class  of  wagons  and 
buggies  required  in  this  section  they  can 
confidently  recommend  them  as  thor- 
oughly reliable  and  suited  to  the  work 
desired  of  them.  They  turn  out  between 
40  and  50  wagons  and  buggies  annually, 
and  the  increase  in  their  business  in 
new  work  is  most  marked.  Their  prem- 
ises are  located  near  the  depot  and  cover 
about  lh  acres  of  ground.  They  consist 
of  a paint  and  trimming  shop,  wood 
working  and  blacksmith’s  shops*,  two 
show  rooms  and  various  store  - rooms. 
Supplies  and  parts  are  obtained  from 


218 


Town  of  Union. 


the  best  sources,  and  a saw  mill  fur- 
nishes them  with  wood.  An  army  of 
10  or  12  hands  is  employed,  and  the 
house  also  does  a big  trade  in  horseshoe- 
ing and  blaoksmithing.  Mr.  W.  A. 
Robinson  is  a native  of  Mecklenburg 
County,  N.  C.,  came  to  this  State  in 
1850,  and  has  been  identified  with  the 
growth  and  welfare  of  the  community. 
He  is  a K.  of  H.  His  partner,  Mr.  C. 
L.  Allen,  was  born  in  Caldwell  County, 
N.  C.,  came  to  this  State  about  1850, 
in  the  war  was  a member  of  Boyce’s 
Battery. 


W.  Q.  WALLACE, 

General  Merchandise. 

The  above  enterprising  gentleman 
opened  business  in  January,  1883,  suc- 
ceeding the  old  firm  of  J.  T.  Young  & 
Co.,  and  at  his  stand,  into  which  he 
moved  1st  September,  next  Farr  & 


Thompson  conveniently  located  on  Mai 
St., occupies  a spacious  and  well  arrange 
store,  25x90  feet  in  extent.  It  is  filie 
with  a stock  averaging  from  87,000  t 
$10,000  in  value.  This  is  purchased  fror 
first  hands  and  retailed  at  prices  as  Iowa 
the  lowest.  It  contains  a full  line  of  foi 
eign  and  domestic  dry  and  fancy  goods 
hosiery  and  notions,  staple  and  fane 
groceries,  teas,  coffees,  sugars,  molasses 
spices,  country  produce,  flour,  canne' 
goods,  provisions,  etc.,  boots  and  shoe 
in  all  sizes  and  styles,  shelf  and  heav 
hardware,  cutlery,  agricultural  imple 
ments  etc.,  etc.  Two  hands  are  em 
ployed  in  the  store  and  the  trade  is  larg 
and  steadily  increases  throughout  cit 
and  county.  Mr.  Wallace  is  one  of  ou 
most  progressive  merchants.  He  is 
native  of  Union  county,  a Mason,  and  i 
man  with  whom  relations,  business  o 
otherwise  will  prove  pleasant,  profitabl 
and  permanent. 


I . BILLER’S 


Office  and  Works,  No.  359  King  Street,  near  George, 

CHA.BXEST02T,  S.  C. 


Ladies’  and  Gentlemen’s  Garments  Cleaned  or  Dyed 


ALL  KINDS  OF  PIECE  GOODS  RE-DYED  TO  ANY  COLOR. 


Lace  and  Grape  Shawls, 

Table  Covers,  Kid  Gloves 

and  Feathers 

CLEANED  AND  DYED. 


GOODS  RECEIVED  AND  RETURNED  BY  EXPRESS. 


NEWBERRY,  S.  C. 


SETTLEMENT. 

In  the  year  1752,  three  years  previous  to  Braddock’s  defeat,  Mr.  John  Duncan, 
native  of  Aberdeen,  Scotland,  that  had  formerly  emigrated  to  the  province  of 
mnsylvania,  removed  to  this  section  of  the  country  and  settled  on  a creek  in  this 
strict,  now  bearing  his  name.  Mr.  Duncan  was  at  this  time  the  highest  settler 
the  fork  between  Broad  and  Saluda  rivers  by  ten  miles;  his  nearest  neighbor  was 
icob  Pennington,  living  on  Enoree  river  below;  he  was  the  only  man  at  this  time 
at  either  owned  negro,  wagon,  or  still  in  this  part  of  the  world. 

In  a few  years  a number  of  emigrants  from  Pennsylvania  settled  on  the  creek 
tove  Duncan’s.  This  was  called  the  Duncan  creek  settlement.  The  names  of 
me  of  these  first  adventurers  were,  McCrery,  Green,  Hannah,  Abernathy,  Miller, 
sard.  King,  Mitchell,  Wells,  Coffee,  Gisham,  Barton,  Young,  McClure,  Adams’ 
cDaid,  etc.  There  was  another  settlement  on  the  Enoree  eight  or  ten  miles  higher 
).  The  names  of  some  of  these  settlers  were  Prater,  Bright.  Barnes,  Oglesby, 
askins,  and  Stephen  Holstein.  This  latter  is  the  same  man,  who  during  a hunt  made 
er  the  mountains,  discovered  the  river  bearing  his  name  on  the  north  bank  of 
hicb  Knoxville,  Tennessee,  now  stands.  When  he  returned  he  and  some  more  of 
s neighbors  removed  and  settled  on  it.  Soon  after  this  they  constructed  canoes, 
3nt  down  into  Tennessee  and  were  the  first  white  people  that  ever  descended  that 
ver.  They  passed  through  the  Muscle  Shoals,  and  proceeded  down  as  far  as 
atchez  Town,  several  years  previous  to  the  revolution. 

The  fork  between  Broad  and  Saluda  rivers  began  to  be  settled  a little  prior  to 
e above  mentioned  period,  mostly  by  Germans.  Bush  river  was  mostly  settled  by 
rakers,  the  greater  part  of  them  from  Pennsylvania.  The  names  of  some  of  them 
e Babb,  Crompton,  Kelly,  O’Neal,  Pearson,  Pugh,  Brooks,  Elmore,  Gant/  Pem- 
rton,  Summers,  Waters,  Kirk,  etc.  This  was  denominated  the  Quaker  settle- 
ent.  Another  was  located  on  and  near  Saluda  and  Little  rivers.  Their  names 
ire  Turner,  Davenport,  Maxwell,  Cunnington,  Potts,  Spearman,  Goodwin,  Toles, 
id  Caldwell.  This  is  the  same  family  of  Caldwells  to  whom  John  C.  Calhoun 
is  allied  by  birth,  and  which  took  an  active  part  in  the  defense  of  this  country 
iring  the  revolution.  This  was  called  the  Turner  settlement.  Among  the  men 
3m  this  county  who  took  an  active  part  in  the  revolution,  we  note  Major  John 
ddwell,  a man  of  great  public  usefulness.  He  was  a deputy  surveyor  and  mem- 
r of  the  first  provincial  congress  which  assembled  at  Charleston.  He  was  a Major 
i South  Carolina  Kegiments,  and  was  murdered  at  his  own  house  by  that  Tory 
.rtisan  officer,  William  Cunningham.  He  left  no  issue;  his  brothers  William  and 
mes  Caldwell  inherited  his  estate  and  it  is  from  them  that  the  present  families  of 
at  name  are  descended.  William  was  an  officer  in  the  American  army  and  was 
lg  imprisoned  in  the  castle  of  St.  Augustine,  during  the  revolutionary  war.  James 
is  severelv  wounded  at  the  battle  of  Cowpens.  He  was  Sheriff  of  Newberry  from 
08  to  1812. 

Col.  Philemon  Waters,  a Virginian,  was  one  of  the  chosen  band  that  served 
ider  Washington  in  his  first  campaign  against  the  French  and  Indians  and  who 
rrendered  with  him  at  the  Meadows.  He  was  in  Braddock’s  war,  after  which  he 
(filed  in  Newberry,  and  in  the  Revolution  was  in  the  American  service.  He  dis- 


m 


Town  of  Newberry, 


tinguished  himself  at  the  battles  of  Stono  and  Eutaw.  He  was  subsequently  a 
Colonel  of  militia.  He  was  a very  successful  partisan  officer,  and  often  remarked 
that  he  never  was  in  any  pitched  battle  but  what  he  had  to  retreat,  and  never  in  a 
skirmish  or  partisan  affair  in  which  he  was  not  victorious. 

Jas.  Marion  was  a revolutionary  patriot,  was  in  Grant’s  war  with  the  Cherokees 
in  1760  and  ’61,  and  was  afterwards  Judge  of  the  County  Court. 

The  county  is  situated  within  the  Piedmont  region  and  bounded  on  two  sides 
by  rivers  ; on  the  southwest  by  the  Saluda,  which  divides  it  from  Edgefield;  on 
the  northwest  by  an  irregular  line  following  the  course  of  the  road  leading  from  the 
old  island  ford  on  the  Saluda  over  to  Odell’s  ford  on  the  Enoree  and  running  X.  31, 
E.  51f  miles,  which  divides  it  from  Laurens  ; on  the  north  and  east  by  the  Enoree 
river  as  low  down  as  Avery’s  ford,  thence  by  the  road  over  to  Crenshaw  ford  on  the 
Tyger  river  and  down  the  said  river  to  its  junction  with  the  Broad  river — all  which 
lines  divide  it  from  Union  county  ; on  the  east  by  Broad  river  as  low  down  as  Buff's, 
which  divides  Newberry  from  Fairfield  county  ; and  on  the  southeast  by  a straight 
line  drawn  from  Hughey’s  ferry  S.  17f,  W.  16  miles,  or  until  it  intersects  the  Saluda 
opposite  Rocky  creek  and  a little  above  Buffalo  creek,  which  separates  it  from  Lex- 
ington. The  average  extent  of  the  county  is  24  miles  square  and  it  contains  368,640 
square  acres. 

The  county  contains  considerable  quantities  of  granite  rock,  limestone,  a species 
of  freestone,  and  detached  pieces  of  soapstone;  also,  beds  of  iron  ore  have  been 
found;  there  are  numerous  calcareous  springs  in  the  county;  specimens  of  arsenate 
iron,  antimony,  plumbago,  and  stove  coal,  have  been  picked  up  in  the  county.  The 
climate  of  this  county  are  temj^erate  generally;  there  are  a few  days  in  summer  very 
hot  and  a few  very  cold  in  winter,  but  neither  last  more  than  a week  or  so  at  a 
time.  The  diseases  are  mostly  fevers  of  the  typhus  character,  but  though  found 
here  the  district  is  considered  as  generally  healthy,  and  the  instances  of  longevity 
are  by  no  means  rare.  The  native  trees  of  the  district  are  the  white,  black,  red 
Spanish,  upland  and  post  oaks.  There  are  also  the  ash,  black  and  white  walnut, 
birch,  elm,  linden,  black  gum,  sweet  gum,  cucumber  tree,  sugar  tree,  cherry,  maple, 
sour  wood,  dogwood,  box  elder,  witch  hazel,  spicewood,  sassafras,  hickory,  black 
and  red  haws,  and  cottonwood. 

The  soil  of  the  county  is  largely  clay  and  sand,  partly  gravel,  and  a little  stony. 
The  clay  lands  are  well  suited  to  wheat  and  tobacco,  and  the  sandy  gravel  lands  to 
corn  and  cotton. 

The  Saluda  bordering  the  county  on  the  southwest  is  navigable  for  boats  carry- 
ing 50  bales  of  cotton,  and  the  Broad  river  is  navigable  for  similar  sized  boats.  The 
Tyger  and  Enoree  are  also  navigable.  There  are  few  acres  in  the  county  but  what 
have  a water  course  running  through  them. 

There  are  fifteen  towns  and  trading  settlements  with  121  stores  distributed  as 
follows:  Newberry  courthouse,  80;  Prosperity,  10;  Chappels  and  Saluda,  5 each; 

Liberty  Hall,  4;  Kinards,  Silver  Street  and  Jalapa,  3 each;  Pomaria,  2:  Belmont, 
Boston,  Helena,  Phifers,  Walton  and  Whitmire,  1 each.  Of  this  number,  9 sell 
liquor,  11  hardware,  6 dry  goods,  47  miscellaneous,  and  48  general  merchandise. 
The  estimated  wealth  of  the  storekeepers  is  8760,000. 

NEWBERRY  COURT  HOUSE, 

the  county  seat,  is  in  latitude  34  deg.  16  min.  37  sec.,  and  longitude  0 deg.  41  min. 
west  of  Columbia,  from  which  it  bears  N.  60,  W.  3^  miles.  It  is  situated  on  the 
C.  & G.  R.  R.,  47  miles  from  Columbia,  96  from  Greenville  on  the  ridge  between 
the  Broad  river,  (the  Es-waw-pud-de-nali,  or  line  river  dividing  the  Indian  tribes) 
and  the  Saluda  (Salutah  or  Corn  river)  and  has  an  elevation  of  502  feet  above  the 
sea  level.  In  1840  the  population  was  300;  in  1850  it  was  509;  in  1870,  1.891:  in 
1880,  2,342,  and  in  1884,  according  to  town  returns,  2,S00  resident  and  300  of  a 
floating  population.  The  streets  have  an  aggregate  length  of  twenty-four  miles. 
Two  small  creeks  traverse  the  town,  which  with  springs  and  wells  furnish  an  abun- 
dant supply  of  excellent  water.  Th  principal  buildings  are  the  courthouse,  which 


State  of  South  Carolina. 


221 


cost  $8,000;  the  jail,  16,000;  the  market,  $2,100;  the  Newberry  Hotel  is  one  of  the 
largest  in  the  State,  and  cost  $10,000;  there  is  also  another  large  hotel.  The  new 
brick  opera  house,  built  in  1881,  cost  $25,000;  it  seats  1,000  persons,  rents  for  $40 
a night;  it  belongs  to  the  town  and  has  paid  on  the  investment  5 per  cent.  The 
whites  have  six  churches — Presbyterian,  Methodist,  Baptist,  Lutheran,  the  Asso- 
ciate Reformed  and  Episcopal — built  at  an  aggregate  cost  of  $18,000;  capacity 
4,000  seats;  and  three  colored  churches,  costing  $4,500.  There  are  flourishing 
organizations  of  Masons,  Odd  Fellows,  Knights  of  Honor  and  Sons  of  Temperance. 
The  Newberry  College  buildings  cost  $20,000,  the  Female  Academy  cost  $2,500, 
the  Male  Academy  $1,000,  the  Hoge  School,  colored,  $1,500.  The  aver- 
age rental  of  stores  is  $350,  and  of  dwellings  $200.  Building  materials  are  brick 
and  pine  lumber  from  the  vicinity,  and  granite,  great  quantities  of  which  of  the 
finest  quality  are  found  within  three  to  five  miles  of  the  town.  The  Mayor  and 
Aldermen  serve  without  pay. 

The  assessed  value  of  property  is  $1,157,000;  real  estate  $600,000  and  per- 
sonal $557,000.  The  town  tax  is  two  mills  on  the  dollar  and  a revenue  in  addi- 
tion of  $2,400  from  licenses.  There  is  debt  of  $22,000  incurred  in  1881  for  build- 
ing the  opera  house;  interest  seven  per  cent.  Twenty  thousand  bales  of  cotton 
are  shipped  annually  to  New  York  and  Norfolk.  The  yearly  sales  are  given  as 
provisions,  $450,000;  dry  goods  $200,000;  hardware  $75,000;  miscellaneous  $125,- 
000.  The  cotton  mill  will  now  soon  go  into  operation. 

COUNTY  STATISTICS. 

Agricultural. 

Amount  of  acres  planted  and  yield  of  in  1882 — Cotton  63,061  acres,  12,051,000 
pounds  of  lint;  corn  34,345  acres,  412,140  bushels;  oats  17,912  acres,  376,152  bush- 
els; wheat  10,956  acres  131,472  bushels;  rice  10  acres,  8,000  pounds;  sorghum  336 
acres,  10,080  gals.;  sugarcane  10  acres,  1,000  gals.;  sweet  potatoes  590  acres,  25,960 
bushels;  Irish  potatoes  92  acres,  8,280  bushels;  peas  1,665  acres,  16,650  bushels; 
market  gardens  152;  honey  8,581  pounds;  wax  972  pounds;  milk  1,646  gallons  sold; 
butter  123,247  pounds  made;  cheese  1,810  pounds  made;  poultry  48,985  raised; 
eggs  135,757  dozen  sold. 

As  a wheat  raising  county  it  ranks  with  the  best  in  the  State,  and  in  its  pro- 
duct of  this  cereal  to  the  acre,  13  bushels  is  only  equalled  by  one  other  county,  viz: 
Fairfield,  which  has  only  a very  small  acreage  planted  in  wheat.  There  was  raised 
in  1882  an  average  of  195  pounds  cotton  lint  to  the  acre,  an  improvement  of  32 
pounds  over  the  year  before.  Cost  of  producing  a bale  of  merchantable  cotton  500 
pounds  is  $40. 

Amount  of  fertilizers  used  in  1882  in  tons — Ammoniated  602,  acid  phosphate 
986,  Kainit  183,  chemicals  55,  total  1,826;  in  composting  457.  These  figures  are 
among  the  very  lowest  in  the  State,  and  when  compared  with  the  produce  per  acre 
betoken  the  land  ranks  high  and  attention  paid  to  it  is  great. 

Improved  agricultural  implements  in  use — 12  sowers;  75  reapers,  6 different 
kinds;  4 sulky  ploughs,  all  different  kinds;  300  guano  distributors,  12  different  kinds; 
250  harrows,  6 different  kinds;  50  horse  rakes;  2 stump  pullers;  60  steam  engines, 
with  aggregate  horse  power  542,  are  in  use  on  farms. 

The  efficiency  of  colored  labor  during  the  last  five  years  has  considerably  augment- 
ed especially  in  the  vicinity  of  towns,  probably  owing  to  the  reason  that  the  negroes 
having  more  opportunity  of  attending  schools  are  thereby  more  intelligent. 

The  white  labor  on  farms  is  20  and  colored  80  per  cent. 

Wages  paid  on  farms  is  50  cents  for  males  and  females  35  cts.  per  day.  Or  for 
males  $100  per  annum  and  females  $60,  together  with  a patch  of  one  acre,  the  pro- 
duct of  which  belongs  exclusively  to  the  laborer,  firewood,  house  and  garden  being 
also  furnished  free  of  charge. 

Amount  of  farm  supplies  purchased  in  1882  was  $300,164,  and  on  time 
$246,135. 


222 


Town  of  Newberry. 


Casli  and  time  prices  in  1882  were:  of  corn  $1.12  and  $1.75  per  bushel;  bacon 
12  and  14  cents  per  pound;  flour  $8.00  and  $10.00  per  barrel;  meal  $1.19  and  $1.41 
per  bushel:  hay  $1.55  and  $2.00  per  100  pounds. 

Stock  on  hand  1882 — Work  oxen  56;  milch  cows  3,146;  other  cattle  3,464: 
sheep  4,377;  lambs  dropped  1,049;  fleece  7,714  pounds  made;  the  Merinos  and 
Broadtails  are  fancied,  common  natives  are  principally  raised,  very  little  attention 
is  paid  to  improving  breeds  on  account  of  destruction  by  dogs,  very  few  are  sold  out 
of  the  county,  they  fetch  from  $1  to  $3,  cost  of  raising  is  calculated  at  65  cents  per 
head;  swine  12,994;  little  fruit  is  grown  in  this  county;  158  bushels  apples  and  260 
gallons  of  wine  were  made  in  1882. 

MANUFACTURES  AND  MINES. 

There  are  15  flour  and  grist  mills,  13  foundries  and  machine  shops,  13  lumber 
mills,  and  9 other  establishments.  Capital  employed,  $76,200;  value  of  annual  pro- 
duct, $239,150  ; 150  persons  employed. 

The  Newberry  cotton  mill,  see  article  thereon. 

There  are  quarries  in  the  county  using,  however,  no  other  outfit  but  ordinary 
hand  drill  and  derrick.  The  rock  is  even  with  the  surface  and  in  a great  mauv  in- 
stances ten  to  twenty  feet  above  ground.  The  supply  of  granite  is  simply  inexhaus- 
tible and  large  quantities  of  it  may  be  obtained  within  three  or  four  miles  of  the 
railroad  and  two  or  three  miles  of  water  transportation.  Little  capital  is  employed 
and  very  little  indeed  is  necessary. 

Value  of  the  annual  out-put  is  $4,000,  delivered  $6,000.  This  is  another  of 
these  many  valuable  resources  of  South  Carolina  which  await  the  enterprise  of  capi- 
tal, skill  and  labor  to  be  developed  into  wealth  and  utility. 

POPULATION  OF  THE  COUNTY 

In  1790  was  9,384;  1800,  12,006;  1810,13,964;  ’20,16,104;  ’30,17,441;  ’40,18,350; 
’50,  20,143;  ’60,  20,879;  ’70,  20,775;  ’80,  26,497;  foreign  born  population,  97;  Ger- 
mans, 80;  English,  10;  Irish,  6;  Pole,  1.  The  average  rate  of  wages  paid  them  is, 
males  $120,  females  $75  per  year.  They  generally  own  small  tracts  of  land. 

SUGGESTIONS. 

In  agriculture  the  farmers  are  very  much  in  need  of  a source  from  which  they 
can  obtain  the  loan  of  money  at  a reasonable  interest  for  a number  of  years  to  enable 
them  to  make  permanent  improvements  on  their  farms.  Socially  the  county  needs 
larger  and  more  general  appropriations  for  educational  purposes,  and  with  these  two 
wants  supplied  the  progress  of  the  county  would  be  more  rapid  and  more  perma- 
nent. 

Real  estate,  etc.,  in  county — Assessed  value  of  property  $4,395,001. 

Real  estate  not  in  cities,  towns  and  villages — Arable  lands,  112,291  acres,  valued 
at  $717,944;  meadow  and  pasture  lands,  230,770  acres,  value  $745,899:  wood  and 
marsh  lands,  24,595  acres,  value  $264,647;  buildings  5,501,  value  $286,345;  total, 
377,656  acres;  total  value  of  real  estate,  $2,014,835. 

Real  estate  in  cities,  towns  and  villages — Lots  522,  value  $190,250;  buildings 
732,  value  $369,855;  total,  $553,103.  Total  value  of  all  taxable  real  estate,  $2.- 
567,940;  total  value  of  all  taxable  personal  property,  $1,455,535;  per  capita  $59.48. 

Railroad  property — Columbia  and  Greenville,  $10,500  per  mile,  38,'V  miles, 
$412,700  total  taxable  value;  Laurens,  $3,000  per  mile,  12  miles.  $36,000. 

Taxes  in  mills — State  tax  4f,  school  2,  ordinary  county  3.  deficiencies  for 
county  f,  funding  county  indebtedness  1,  funding  school  indebtedness  4.  total  Ilf. 


REPRESENTATIVE  HOUSES  AND  PROMINENT  MEN 


— OF — 

NEWBERRY,  S.  C. 


GEM.  Y.  J.  POPE, 

Mayor. 

The  chief  executive  office  of  the  city 
of  Newberry  is  at  present,  March,  1884, 
ably  filled  by  one  who  has  been  long 
closely  and  prominently  connected  with 
her  interests — social,  legal,  mercantile 
and  political.  Gen.  Y.  J.  Pope  was  born 
in  Newberry,  10th  April,  1841,  received 
his  early  education  at  the  Academy,  and 
afterwards  at  Furman  University,  grad- 
uating from  there  1860.  At  the  outbreak 
of  the  civil  war  he  left  his  studies  in  the 
office  of  Chief  Justice  O’Neal  and  joined 
the  Third  South  Carolina  Regiment,  as 
Sergeant,  was  in  the  second  year  promo- 
ted to  Adjutant,  serving  as  such  till  the 
close  of  the  war.  He  was  wounded  eight 
times  and  was  at  first  Manassas,  Wil- 
liamsburg, Seven  Pines,  Savage  Station, 
Malvern  Hill,  Harper’s  Ferry,  Sharps- 
burg,  Fredericksburg,  Chancellorsville, 
Gettysburg,  Chickamauga,  Wilderness, 
Spottsvlvania,  Cold  Harbor,  Brucetown, 
Seven  Days  Around  Richmond  and  Ce- 
dar Creek,  where  he  lost  his  left  eye  and 
was  placed  on  the  list  of  disabled.  The 
Avar  ended,  he  continued  the  study  of 
law  with  L.  J.  Jones,  in  his  native  town, 
continuing  with  Colonel  Simeon  Fair, 
and  Avas,  May,  1866,  admitted  to  the  bar 
and  to  the  Courts  of  Equity  in  Novem- 
ber following.  In  December,  1865,  he 
Avas  elected  District  Judge,  holding  the 
office  till  1868.  From  1873-77  inclusive, 
he  was  Intendant  of  the  town,  retaining 
the  office  for  two  months  after  the  expi- 
ration of  his  term.  In  1880  the  name 
of  Intendant  was  changed  to  that  of 
Mayor,  and  in  1882  he  Avas  again  elected, 


and  also  in  1883,  in  virtue  of  which  he 
still  holds  the  office.  In  1877  and  1878, 
he  represented  this  county  in  the  Legisla- 
ture, and  Avas  on  the  judiciary  commit- 
tee, and  Avas  one  of  the  foremost  oppo- 
nents of  the  fraudulent  claims  on  the 
bonded  indebtedness,  contracted  by  the 
Radical  government.  He  has  been  al- 
ways an  influential  member  of  the  Dem- 
cratic  Executive  Committee  and  County 
Chairman  sev'eral  times.  He  was  pressed 
by  the  citizens  of  Newberry  for  re-elec- 
tion this  year,  but  declined. 

In  his  immediate  profession  the  Gen- 
eral has  taken  part  in  no  small  number 
of  the  most  important  cases  which  have 
been  brought  up  for  solution  at  the  bar. 
His  success  is  Avell  remembered  in  the 
defence  of  McNinch,  when  the  jury  re- 
turned a verdict  of  manslaughter;  of  Ir- 
vine and  of  Spearman,  both  accused  of 
murder  in  the  first  degree,  and  both  ac- 
quitted. Among  the  civil  cases  Ave  may 
mention  that  of  Stewart  vs.  Blease,  twice 
taken  to  the  Supreme  Court;  of  McCaugh- 
rin  vs.  Williams,  and  of  Willingham 
vs.  Chick.  Mr.  Pope  has  still  an  attach- 
ment for  military  life,  and  is  General 
commanding  the  Tenth  Militia,  to  which 
post  he  was  appointed  by  Governor 
Hampton. 

Personally,  the  General  is  a cour- 
teous gentleman,  and  justly  merits  the 
high  regard  he  is  held  in  by  the  com- 
munity, and  with  a record  untarnished, 
and  a public  experience  that  he  can  refer 
to  with  pride,  it  is  safe  to  assert  that 
still  other  and  higher  honors  are  in  store 
for  this  prominent  and  popular  gentle- 
man. He  married  December,  1874,  the 
daughter  of  Colonel  Simeon  Fair,  Mrs. 


224 


Town  of  Newberry, 


Sally  (H.  F. ) Rutherford,  by  whom  he 
has  two  children. 


CEORGE JOHNSTONE, 

The  distinguished  son  of  the  famous 
Chancellor,  and  one  of  the  most  talented 
members  of  the  bar  and  most  popular 
representatives  in  our  State  Legislature, 
was  born  in  Newberry  county,  received 
his  early  education  at  the  schools  here, 
and  was  one  year  at  the  Citadel  Acad- 
emy, leaving  this  to  serve  in  a battalion 
of  State  Cadets  on  the  coast  of  South 
Carolina  during  the  latter  part  of  the 
civil  war.  The  war  ended,  lie  departed 
for  Edinburgh,  Scotland,  diligently  pur- 
suing for  four  years  first  the  regular  lit- 
erary and  scientific  course,  in  which  de- 
partment he  graduated,  and  the  study  of 
constitutional  and  international  law, 
under  the  renowned  scholars  of  that  an- 
cient university,  and  further  prosecuted 
the  same  for  two  years  in  Paris.  Return- 
ing to  his  native  country  he  applied  him- 
self with  renewed  vigor  to  the  laws  of  his 
State  and  country  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  of  the  Supreme  Court  in  1872. 
When  he  commenced  practice  in  New- 
berry in  the  fall  of  ’72  he  at  once  entered 
into  a large  business,  which  he  has  ex- 
tended, till  he  now  enjoys  one  of  the 
largest  patronages  in  South  Carolina. 
He  was  for  some  time  in  partnership  with 
Harrington,  a grandson  of  Judge 
O’Neall,  as  Johnstone  & Harrington. 
An  eloquent  speaker,  effective  advocate 
and  most  scholarly  gentleman,  Mr.  John- 
stone has  conducted  to  advantageous  is- 
sues many  criminal  and  civil  cases. 

In  the  political  arena  he  has  an  illus- 
trious name.  So  early  as  1874  he  was 
tendered  a nomination  by  the  Democratic 
party  for  the  Legislature,  which  he  de- 
clined, generously  suggesting  others  for 
the  position;  in  ’76  took  an  active  part 
in  the  redemption  of  the  State,  deliver- 
ing many  speeches  on  Anglo-Saxon  gov- 
ernment. 

In  December,  ’76,  he  was  elected  to  fill 
a vacancy  in  the  Legislature  and  has  since 
been  re-elected  each  succeeding  term 
from  his  county  with  an  annually  in- 
creasing majority,  and  has  taken  a most 
prominent  and  conspicuous  part  in  all 
the  important  debates  and  proceedings  of 
the  House.  Duriug  the  whole  time  he 


has  been  a member  of  the  ways  and  means 
committee,  whose  chairman  is  recognized 
as  the  leader  of  the  House.  In  ’78  he  was 
chosen  chairman  of  the  committee  on  in- 
corporations and  was  instrumental  in 
framing  and  introducing  the  general  laws 
which  now  govern  corporations  in  this 
State.  In  1880  he  was  appointed  chair- 
man of  the  ways  and  means  committee, 
which  he  has  alily  filled  since,  and  during 
his  administration  the  credit  of  the  State 
has  continuously  risen,  till  she  occupies 
a financial  condition  inferior  to  none  in 
the  American  Union. 

He  has  always  taken  a prominent  part 
for  public  education,  his  speech  on  the 
re-opening  of  the  State  University  b<  ing 
a memorable  one.  He  was  influential  in 
having  the  State  Military  Academy  es- 
tablished on  a basis  which  makes  it  the 
compeer  of  similar  institutions  through- 
out the  world.  The  part  he  bore  in  the 
proceedings  in  relation  to  settlement  of 
public  debt  of  the  State  has  placed  him 
in  the  front  rank  of  financial  thinkers 
and  has  earned  for  him  the  confidence  of 
all  just  minded  yet  conservative  men. 
He  served  with  great  distinction  on  the 
committee  appointed  to  revise  the  State 
Constitution  in  1880.  A lien  he  was  a 
candidate  for  the  Speaker's  chair  there 
were  two  competitors  from  the  up  coun- 
try, his  race  being  of  necessity  unsuc- 
cessful. He  has  been  for  the  last  four 
years  a prominent  and  hard  working 
member  of  the  State  Democratic  Execu- 
tive Committee.  He  has  often  been 
spoken  of  for  Lieutenant-Governor,  for 
which  position  he  has  invariably  declined 
the  use  of  his  name,  and  was  a popular 
candidate  for  Congress  this  fall,  but 
beaten  by  a three-cornered  fight  in  the 
convention. 

As  a statesman  of  unsullied  integrity, 
endowed  with  superior  mental  powers, 
gifted  with  great  oratorical  abilities,  he 
exerts  a magnetic  influence  that  enlists 
men’s  sympathies  and  leads  them  on  to 
victory:  and  as  one  of  the  worthy  law- 
givers of  our  State,  and  one  of  its  most 
prominent  representatives  and  respected 
sons,  is  destined  to  fill  yet  larger  fields 
of  usefulness  and  receive  the  greatest 
honors  that  the  people  of  the  grand  old 
Palmetto  State  and  the  advocates  of  the 
| true  constitutional  principles  of  Ameri- 
I can  Democracy  can  confer. 


State  of  South  Carolina. 


225 


NATIONAL  BANK  OF  NEW" 
BERRY. 

R.  L.  McCaughrin,  President. 

It  is  impossible  to  make  a thorough 
disclosure  of  the  numerous  advantages  of 
this  city  as  a centre  of  trade,  without 
mentioning  the  institution,  through  the 
indispensable  aid  of  which  this  prosper- 
ity has  been  actively  promoted. 

The  National  Bank  of  Newberry  was 
established  in  July,  1871. 

The  chief  executive  officer  is  R.  L. 
McCaughrin,  the  founder  and  principal 
shareholder  of  the  institution  and  its 
President  since  the  commencement,  as- 
sisted by  T.  S.  Duncan,  many  years  as- 
sistant, and  in  February  last  made  Cash- 
ier. T.  J.  McCrary  assistant  Cashier  and 
a Board  of  Directors  comprising  Drs. 
Jas.  Macintosh  and  R.  0.  Carlisle,  JrTr. 
Martin,  C.  H.  Suber,  Jno.  B.  Carwile, 
Jno.  T.  Peterson,  Jno.  S.  Renwick,  R. 
H.  Wright. 

The  capital  is  $150,000,  surplus  and 
undivided  profits  amounts  to  $124,000, 
and  the  bank  has  always  declared  divi- 
dends upon  its  capital  stock. 

The  premises  occupy  a substantial 
brick  building,  25x80  feet,  located  in 
courthouse  square.  In  the  front  part  is 
the  office,  where  five  competent  em- 
ployees are  constantly  at  work.  In  the 
rear  are  two  large  Herrings’  safes  made 
on  the  latest  improved  pattern,  and  also 
a spacious,  stone  fire  and  burglar  proof 
vault,  fitted  with  the  last  invention  of 
American  genius,  the  time-lock. 

Mr.  McCaughrin,  the  mainspring  and 
lever  of  the  concern,  was  born  in  Chester, 
and  came  to  this  county  in  1855.  In  the 
late  civil  war  he  served  as  Capt.  and  as 
Quartermaster,  being  a year  on  the  coast 
and  three  years  in  Virginia.  He  was 
Cashier  of  the  old  bank  which  existed  in 
Newberry  before  the  war,  and  at  the  re- 
turn of  peace  he  came  back  to  this  town, 
was  generally  engaged  in  mercantile  and 
banking  business,  till  he  established  this 
present  bank  in  1871.  Mr.  McCaughrin 
is  one  of  the  most  responsible,  energetic 
and  enterprising  capitalists  of  our  State, 
is  endowed  with  the  spirit  for  embark- 
ing in  large  ventures,  and  is  one  to  whom 
must  in  a great  measure  be  accounted 
the  advancement  and  progress  of  New- 
berry and  upper  South  Carolina.  He  is 


Director  in  the  Piedmont  Cotton  Mills, 
and  also  in  the  C.  & G.  R.  R.  , of  which 
he  was  several  years  President.  He 
justly  merits  the  high  esteem  lie  is  held 
in  and  the  confidence  he  possesses  of  the 
community. 


DEWBERRY  COTTON  FY31LL. 

R.  L.  McCaughrin,  President. 

The  Newberry  Cotton  Mill  is  another 
example  of  South  Carolinian  enterprise, 
and  of  the  realization  of  the  fact  that  it 
is  in  diversity  of  industries  that  a people 
continue  to  prosper  most.  As  it  was 
discovered  we  could  not  all  own  slaves, 
so  it  will  be  found  we  cannot  all  confine 
ourselves  to  the  raising  of  cotton.  The 
Newberry  Cotton  Mill  Company  organ- 
ized in  May,  1883,  commenced  to  build 
their  mill  in  that  month  and  the  whole 
will  be  in  going  order  when  the  1884  crop 
begins  to  come  in.  The  subscribed  cap- 
ital is  at  present  $178,000,  which  will  be 
increased  as  operations  advance  and  ne- 
cessitate further  expenditures.  It  is  to 
be  a 10,000  spindle  factory,  and  the  ma- 
chinery is  being  procured  from  the  oldest 
and  most  experienced  makers  under  the 
direction  of  Lockwood,  Green  & Co.,  of 
Providence,  Rhode  Island,  mill  engi- 
neers. All  the  latest  and  most  improved 
patterns  in  cotton  plant  are  being:  put  in 
which  will  make  this  mill  equal  in  every 
way,  and  superior  in  some  ways  to  the 
best  in  the  country.  Brown  sheetings 
and  shirtings  will  be  the  product.  The 
building  is  a three-story  brick  structure 
with  granite  steps,  facings,  etc.,  both  of 
which  materials  are  supplied  from  the 
county,  and  100x200  feet  in  dimensions, 
situated  near  the  depot  convenient  for 
receiving  and  shipping.  Its  erection  has 
already  the  effect  of  increasing  the  trade 
of  several  establishments,  manufacturing 
and  dealing  in  building  material,  and 
when  it  comes  to  employ  over  300  opera- 
tors the  benefit  it  will  exert  upon  this 
community  may  in  a measure  be  esti- 
timated.  Paying  out  about  $12,000 
monthly  in  cash,  store-keepers  will  be 
kept  busy  all  the  year  round,  and  it  will 
in  a great  measure  compromise  the 
scarcity  of  money  which  usually  comes 
about  in  the  summer.  At  the  head  of 
this  undertaking  is  Mr.  R.  L.  Mc- 
Caughrin, whose  life  has  been  noticed  in 


226 


Town  of  Newberry, 


detail  in  connection  with  this  bank,  and 
we  are  assured  that  he  has  only  to  attend 
to  the  duties  incumbent  upon  him,  as  he 
has  hitherto  guided  former  enterprises, 
to  make  it  a complete  success. 


J.  P.  POOLE. 

A review  of  the  life  of  successful  self- 
made  men,  prominent  in  public  life  and 
honored  in  social  circles,  is  pleasant  and 
profitable;  it  is  an  admonition  pressed 
home  to  the  hearts  and  minds  of  the 
young  with  the  triple  power  of  precept, 
example  and  reward.  Mr.  J.  P.  Poole, 
son  of  a Virginian,  was  born  in  Green- 
ville County  in  1818,  and  at  an  early  age 
became  engaged  in  the  livery  and  sale 
business.  He  later  went  into  farming 
continuing  till  1853.  He  then  entered 
extensively  into  the  livery  and  sale  busi- 
ness in  Greenville,  and  engaged  in  large 
contracts,  succeeding  the  house  of  llipley 
& Douglas,  for  running  stages  over  sev- 
eral of  the  longest  and  hardest  roads  in 
the  country.  As  Poole  & Rutledge,  of 
Greenville,  and  Poole  & Ripley,  of  North 
Carolina,  from  ’56,  all  through  the  war 
till  ’64,  they  successfully  ran  a line  be- 
tween Greenville  and  Asheville;  from  ’56 
til  ’61  a similar  line  between  Abbeville 
and  Washington,  Georgia,  and  also  from 
96  to  Augusta,  Ga.  During  these  years 
he  likewise  had  a hotel  in  Greenville. 
After  the  war  he  came  to  Newberry  and 
conducted  the  hotel  here  till  ’77.  With 
this  town  he  is  prominently  identified. 
He  has  an  extensive  brickyard  in  the 
suburbs  employing  from  15  to  45  men, 
and  turning  out  yearly  about  2,000,000 
bricks,  and  the  two  ovens  have  a capacity 
of  150,000  bricks  each.  This  is  the  chief 
source  of  supply  for  bricks  here,  and 
their  quality,  in  a great  measure,  ac- 
counts for  the  superiority  of  the  build- 
ings of  Newberry.  He  also  deals  largely 
in  horses  and  mules.  One  of  our  largest 
real  estate  holders  and  leading  capitalists, 
he  has  done  much  for  the  advancement 
of  our  town,  and  this  the  citizens  of 
Newberry  fully  realize,  and  have  from 
time  to  time  chosen  him  unanimously  to 
fill  their  Chief  Executive  office,  which  he 
has  been  forced  to  accept  six  times. 
While  Mayor  he  was  the  moving  spirit 
for  the  erection  of  the  opera  house  and 
markets.  He  performed  the  duties 


of  the  Mayoralty  with  wisdom  and  judg- 
ment, and  we  may  unreservedly  assert 
that  he  is  one  of  the  most  popular  men 
in  this  county  to-day. 


J.  N.  MARTIN  & CO,, 

General  Merchants  and  Cotton 
Buyers. 

Among  the  various,  extensive  and  gro  w- 
ing  commercial  houses  of  this  State 
which  bear  the  marks  of  continued  in- 
crease and  prosperity,  none  perhaps  oc- 
cupies a more  useful  and  significant  sta- 
tion than  the  above  house.  Founded  in 
1865  and  first  known  as  Mayes  & Martin, 
which  firm  was  succeeded  by  the  present 
in  1876,  it  now  for  several  years  has  held 
the  first  position  in  this  county.  As  deal- 
ers in  general  merchandise  they  carry  a 
full  line  of  groceries,  flour  and  feed, 
everything  included  in  the  comprehen- 
sive term  of  hardware  for  household,  me- 
chanical and  farmers’  use,  agricultural 
implements,  boots  and  shoes,  paints  and 
oils — in  fact  everything  used  in  the  hab- 
its and  habitations  of  civilized  man,  ex- 
cept dry  goods  and  clothing.  The  total 
stock  will  average  about  §14,000.  As  cot- 
ton merchants,  Mr.  J.  N.  Martin  being 
an  experienced  buyer,  they  likewise  do  a 
large  business,  handling  in  a favorable 
season  from  1,500  to  2,000  bales,  princi- 
pally on  orders,  their  largest  customer 
being  the  Piedmont  Manufacturing  Co., 
for  which  they  are  agents,  and  in  which 
the  senior  partner  is  a director  and  share- 
holder. The  house  also  transacts  an  ex- 
tensive business  in  carriages,  buggies, 
wagons,  harness,  etc.,  their  stock,  pro- 
cured directly  from  the  best  Ohio  ma- 
kers, being  kept  in  a separate  warehouse 
50x60  feet,  located  a few  doors  from  the 
main  building.  This  branch  is  attended 
to  more  particularly  by  Mr.  J.  B.  Martin, 
the  junior  partner.  The  main  premises 
consist  of  a spacious  brick  structure,  42x 
80  feet  in  extent.  Their  patrons  come 
from  this  and  the  surrounding  counties, 
and  the  store  is  recognized  as  the  central 
mart  of  business  in  town.  They  employ 
four  experienced  hands,  and  a wagon  is 
kept  busy.  Messrs.  J.  N.  & J.  B.  Mar- 
tin are  both  natives  of  Newberry,  and 
while  they  take  a leading  part  in  mercan- 
tile life  are  popular  members  of  social 
circles,  the  former  belonging  to  the  K. 


State  op  South  Carolina. 


227 


of  H.  and  and  also  a director  in  the 
Newberry  Bank.  Carrying  a stock  made 
tip  of  the  best  and  most  reliable  goods 
known  in  the  various  lines  they  repre- 
sent, their  operations  of  870,000  in  1876 
increasing  to  $150,000  in  1882,  their 
unimpeachable  integrity  is  beyond  dis- 
pute, and  we  are  persuaded  that  those 
brought  into  business  relations  with  them 
will  find  all  transactions  satisfactory  in 
every  particular. 


DR.  S.  F.  F&^T, 

Wholesale  and  Retail  Druggist. 

In  Newberry,  there  is  no  store  more 
widely  known  than  the  above.  The 
business  was  established  in  1868,  and 
ran  two  years  as  Pratt  & Pant,  since 
when  the  latter  gentleman  has  continued 
alone.  The  first  stance  occupied  was 
lower  down  on  Main  St.,  where  he  was 
five  years,  when  he  removed  to  the  cor- 
ner, opposite  his  present  location.  Three 
years  ago  he  was  partially  burned  out 
here  and  then  moved  into  his  present 
site,  where  he  possesses  the  nicest  and 
and  best  equipped  drug  store  in  central 
South  Carolina,  located  on  the  corner  of 
Main  and  courthouse  square,  under- 
neath the  Newberry  Hotel,  within  a few 
steps  of  the  postoffice,  courthouse  and 
municipal  buildings,  in  fact  adjacent  to 
every  place  of  pleasure  or  business  in  the 
city,  of  which  his  establishment  is  the 
focus.  The  premises,  24x78  feet,  are  ele- 
gantly fitted  up  and  equipped  with  every 
modern  convenience.  The  stock  aver- 
aging some  $18,000  in  value  embraces  all 
the  ordinary  class  of  goods  carried  by 
first-class  drug  and  medicine  houses, 
also  the  best  brands  of  foreign  and  do- 
mestic wines  and  liquors.  The  prepa- 
ration of  family  and  physicians’  prescrip- 
tions receives  careful  attention;  the  lead- 
ing standard  proprietary  medicines  are 
in  stock.  A constant  influx  and  eflux 
of  customers  takes  place  here,  and  three 
obliging  assistants  are  ready  attending 
to  their  wants.  The  Doctor,  one  of  the 
best  known  men  in  town,  is  a native  of 
Union  county.  He  received  his  early  ed- 
ucation at  Cokesbury  College,  took  a 
full  medical  course  at  Charleston  Medi- 
cal College  and  at  Jefferson  College, 
Philadelphia, from  where  he  graduatedM. 
D.  in  1855.  For  15  years  he  conducted 


practice  in  Union,  Laurens  and  New- 
berry counties,  and  in  1868  settled  in 
Newberry,  where  he  has  since  confined  his 
attention  to  pharmacy.  He  commands 
a large  increasing  trade  throughout  this 
and  adjacent  counties,  is  generally  held 
in  esteem  by  all.  He  is  also  a member  of 
the  K.  of  H.,  a Mason  and  Past  Master 
of  Amity  Lodge. 


PEOPLES  & JOHNSON, 

Hardware  and  Carriage  Supplies. 

In  Newberry  there  is  no  house  having 
a more  interesting  business  history  than 
that  now  kuown  by  the  above  title.  Its 
existence  can  date  back  to  1856,  when  it 
was  founded  as  Duncan,  Peoples  & Co., 
in  ’58  it  became  Boozer,  Peoples  & Co., 
and  in  ’61  Boozer  & Peoples.  After  the 
war  the  firm  of  S.  P.  Boozer  & Co.  was 
established,  from  which  Mr.  Peoples 
withdrew  in  ’76,  and  in  ’78  established 
the  house  of  Coppock  & Johnson,  and 
two  years  later  bought  out  the  first  named 
gentleman,  since  when  the  business  has 
been  prosperously  conducted  under  its 
present  style.  The  house  now  ranks  as 
the  leading  in  its  line  in  this  section. 
The  present  premises  into  which  they 
moved  in  April,  ’84,  centrally  located  on 
Courthouse  Square,  are  20x100  feet,  ad- 
mirably adapted  for  their  large  trade. 
The  stock  valued  at  over  $7,000,  is  partly 
stored  in  the  cellar  below,  and  includes  a 
full  line  of  general  hardware,  mechanics’ 
and  blacksmith’s  tools,  bar  iron  and 
steel,  manufacturer's  supplies,  shelf, 
builders  and  heavy  hardware,  steam  fit- 
tings, belting,  agricultural  implements, 
wagon  and  buggy  material,  also  wooden 
ware,  paints,  oils,  glass,  and  the  multi- 
tude of  articles  common  to  first-class  es- 
tablishments in  large  cities.  Besides 
this,  they  deal  in  lime,  cement,  plaster, 
etc.,  for  which  they  have  a separate  ware- 
house with  a storage  capacity  of  200  bar- 
rels. The  supplies  are  not  easily  dupli- 
cated either  in  quality  or  reasonableness 
in  price.  The  members  of  the  firm,  Mr. 
John  O.  Peoples  and  Mr.  ¥m.  Johnson, 
are  recognized  as  among  this  county’s 
most  honorable  and  experienced  mer- 
chants. The  first  is  a native  of  North 
Carolina,  and  came  to  Newberry  in  1846, 
is  a Past  Master  Mason  Lodge  Amity, 
and  Past  Dictator  of  the  K.  of  H. ; the 


Town  of  Newberry, 


228 


second  was  born  in,  Newberry  and  is  also 
a Mason  and  K.  of  H. 


Dealer  in  Dry  Goods,  Hosiery, 
Shoes,  Etc. 

The  Newberry  people  have  good  reason 
to  be  proud  of  a store  which,  while  it 
holds  a leading  position  in  their  county, 
occupies  a prominent  place  among  simi- 
lar establishments  throughout  the  State. 
Mr.  B.  Ii.  Cline’s  fashionable  dry 
goods  emporium  is  centrally  located  in 
courthouse  square,  the  premises  occupied, 
a large  2-story  brick  building,  23x90  feet 
in  extent,  being  tastefully  fitted  up  and 
well  adapted  to  meet  the  requirements  of 
the  extensive  business  carried  on.  The 
store  is  perhaps  the  prettiest  one  in  town 
and  contains  a stock  averaging  from 
$15,000  to  $20,000  in  value,  embracing 
foreign  and  domestic  staple  and  fancy 
dry  goods,  millinery,  carpets,  cloaks  and 
suits,  white  goods,  handkerchiefs,  gloves, 
hosiery,  notions,  silks,  satins,  brocades, 
etc.  Also,  latest  styles  in  ladies  and 
children’s  fine  shoes  from  the  best  New 
England  factories, in  sizes  to  suit  all  feet. 
The  class  of  goods  kept  on  hand  is  of 
the  best  description,  and  parties  purchas- 
ing here  will  find  full  value  given  for  the 
money  expended.  There  are  employed 
five  assistants,  who  are  attentive  and  po- 
lite to  callers. 

This  enterprise  was  established  in 
1877,  and  till  the  20th  February,  of  this 
year,  was  run  by  B.  Ii.  Cline  & Co. 
Since  that  day  Mr.  Cline  has  continued 
alone,  and  is  steadily  increasing  the  trade 
of  the  house,  which  is  large  and  extends 
throughout  this  and  adjacent  counties. 
Mr.  Cline  is  a native  of  Newberry  coun- 
ty, and  confining  his  attention  strictly  to 
business,  has  the  name  of  being  the  most 
enterprising  merchant  in  the  town,  and 
is  generally  well  and  favorably  known  as 
a valuable  citizen. 


& JOSHES, 

Attorneys  at  Law. 

Lambert  Jefferson  Jones,  one  of  the 
prominent  members  of  the  bar  of  this 
section  and  the  oldest  practicing  lawyer 
in  Newberiy,  was  born  in  Newberry,  S. 
C.  He  received  his  early  education  here 


and  in  Greenville  and  Charleston.  He 
left  Charleston  College  in  ’34  for  Brown 
University,  Providence,  E.  I.,  from 
which  he  graduated  A.  B.  in  1837.  Ee- 
turning  home.,  he  commenced  the  study 
of  law  in  the  office  of  T.  H.  Pope,  con- 
tinuing with  Judge  O’Neal],  and  was  ad- 
mitted January,  1839.  He  practiced  one 
year  in  partnership  with  Mr.  Pope  and 
afterwards  carried  on  a rapidly  increas- 
ing business  alone,  and  when  in  1857  the 
firm  became  known  as  Jones  & Blake,  he 
enjoyed  perhaps  the  largest  practice  in 
this  section  of  the  State.  For  afew  months 
in  1860  he  made  an  extended  tour  in  Eu- 
rope, and  in  the  war  he  assisted  the  Con- 
federate cause  as  a volunteer  in  Charles- 
ton, and  when  peace  returned  continued 
business  with  his  son,  Benson  M.  Jones, 
the  firm  beingknownas  Jones  & Jones  till 
’76.  For  a few  years  he  was  in  company 
with  Mr.  Mower  as  Jones.  Jones  & Mower, 
and  since  that  with  his  son,  LAV.  Jones. 
Among  a long  list  of  cases  he  has  con- 
ducted may  be  mentioned  his  gaining  the 
acquittal  of  Scurry  for  killing  Williams, 
and  of  Gunter  for  killing  Scurry,  his  vic- 
tory in  the  case  of  Sims  vs.  Purdy  and 
wife,  and  in  having  Wells,  who  was  ac- 
cused of  murder,  pardoned.  For  thir- 
teen years,  from  about  1840-'53,  he  ef- 
ficiently filled  the  office  of  Commissioner 
in  Equity,  similar  to  that  of  Vice-Chan- 
cellor or  Master  of  Polls  in  England,  and 
in  political  life  has  also  taken  some  part, 
having  been  twice  elected,  in  1856  and 
’58,  to  represent  this  county  in  the  Leg- 
islature. He  was  Major  in  State  Cav- 
alry many  years  and  on  Governor  Ma- 
grath’s  staff  during  the  war. 

Now  in  the  meridian  of  life  Mr.  Jones 
enjoys  the  full  mental  vigor  and  physical 
activity  of  forty  summers,  and  with  such 
a long  professional  experience  attends  to 
the  multifarious  duties  of  a large  prac- 
tice extending  throughout  Newberry, 
Fairfield,  Laurens,  Lexington,  Edgefield 
and  Union  counties,  where  he  enjoys  the 
confidence  of  many  clients  and  the  com- 
munities generally. 

Lambert  W.  Jones. — Among  the 
young  members  of  the  bar  in  this 
State  we  note  with  pleasure  the  above, 
who  is  doing  a considerable  practice  in 
Newberry  and  adjacent  counties.  He 
was  born  in  this  county  and  educated 
at  Mercer  University,  Macon,  Ga.,  gradu- 


State  of  South  Carolina. 


229 


ating  from  there  in  1875.  and  also  took 
a course  at  Eastman  Business  College, 
Atlanta,  Ga.,  graduating  in  1874.  He 
diligently  pursued  the  study  of  law  under 
his  father  and  was  admitted  to  the  Cir- 
cuit Courts  in  ’77  and  to  the  Supreme 
Courts  of  the  State  two  years  later.  Mr. 
Jones  is  not  only  a well  read  lawyer  but 
is  thoroughly  acquainted  with  the  details 
of  equity  business  and  financial  matters 
generally  and  the  methods  of  keeping  ac- 
counts. In  partnership  with  his  father, 
the  firm  gained  a good  victory  last  year 
for  a client  who  had  been  for  thirty 
years  executor  on-  an  estate,  the  original 
value  of  which  was  852,000;  they  re- 
lieved him  of  paying  to  the  heirs  claim- 
ing the  property  848,000.  Mr.  Jones 
stands  well  in  the  profession  and  enjoys 
the  esteem  of  many  friends  in  social  cir- 
cles. The  firm  likewise  conducts  con- 
siderable business  as  collection  lawyers. 


NEWBERRY  COLLEGE, 

Rev.  G.  W.  Holland,  A.  M.,  Presi- 
dent, 


The  leading  educational  institution  in 
this  section,  and  one  of  the  best  known 
in  the  South,  was  chartered  in  1856,  and 
opened  in  1858.  From  ’68  to  ’77  it  was 
at  Walhalla,  returning  again  to  New- 
berry. There  are  106  scholars.  The 
College  is  surrounded  by  parks.  Interior- 
ly everything  is  well  arranged,  the  class 
rooms  are  spacious,  airy,  and  nicely 
furnished,  and  the  dormitories  are  com- 
fortable and  cleanly  kept.  The  students 
are  required  to  attend  religious  exercises 


every  morning  and  Lord’s  Day  in  the 
Chapel.  There  is  a well  selected  library 
of  over  5,000  volumes;  a collection  of 
natural  history  specimens,  now  called  the 
Sibley  Museum;  an  Athenaeum  contain- 
ing many  of  the  best  periodicals  and 
newspapers  of  the  day;  and  the  many 
other  accompaniments  necessary  for  the 
perfection  of  such  a large  establishment. 
There  are  two  literary  societies  con- 
nected with  the  college,  which  meet  once 
a week  in  their  separate  halls,  and  a 
splendid  opportunity  is  afforded  for  im- 
provement in  composition,  debate  and 
elocution.  These  societies  are  considered 
a part  of  the  educational  regime  of  the 
Institution,  and  all  matriculated  stu- 
dents are  required  to  join  one  of  them 
and  each  has  a library  reserved  for  the 
use  of  its  respective  members.  The 
course  of  study  is  divided  into  a prepara- 
tory and  collegiate  department,  the  ex- 
amination for  admission  to  the  latter 
being  conducted  in  Latin,  Greek,  Mathe- 
matics, English  Literature.  The  course 
for  the  degree  of  B.  A.  is  very  thorough, 
and  extends  over  four  years.  The  ex- 
amination for  B.Ph.  is  likewise  extensive. 
The  entire  expenses  for  the  session,  ex- 
clusive of  books  and  clothing,  runs  from 
$150  to  $165.  The  instructions  and  regu- 
lations are  such  as  to  secure  the  applica- 
tion of  the  student  to  study,  to  shield 
him  from  the  perils  of  temptation,  and 
to  promote  a moral  deportment.  At  the 
head  of  the  Institution  is  the  Rev.  G.  W. 
Holland.  He  is  the  third  President. 
Rev.  Theop.  Stork,  D.D.,  was  the  first, 
and  J.  P.  Smeltzer  second,  and  Mr.  Hol- 
land has  filled  the  position  since  '78. 
He  was  born  in  \ irginia  and  graduated 
from  Roanoke  College  in  1857."  He  first 
studied  theology  at  Gettysburg,  then  at 
the  Union  Seminary,  New  York,  re- 
turned to  Gettysburg  and  graduated 
from  there  in  1861,  as  B.  D.  At  the 
outbreak  of  the  war  he  joined  the  33d 
Virginia,  as  Color  Sergeant,  and  served 
the  Confederacy  till  he  lost  his  arm  at 
Fairfax  Courthouse,  5 th  November, 
1861.  He  was  afterwards  placed  as  Cap- 
tain on  the  reserves,  and  during  the  re- 
mainder of  the  war  taught  in  Roanoke 
College.  He  continued  at  Harrisonburg 
four  or  five  years,  from  ’72  to  ’74  was 
in  the  ministry,  and  in ’74  came  to  South 
Carolina.  He  was  one  year  Vice-Presi- 


230 


Town  of  Newberry, 


dent  of  tlie  College  before  becoming  its 
Principal.  An  ardent  lover  of  books,  of 
philanthropic  heart,  he  is  daily  doing 
unexampled  good,  and  exercising  a bene- 
ficial influence  on  the  youth  and  future 
of  Carolina. 


NEWBERRY  FEMALE 
ACADEMY. 

The  above  institution  is  entitled  to  a 
prominent  place  in  our  pages.  It  was 
originally  incorporated  in  1807,  one  of 
its  Principals  was  Warren  DuPre,  and 
it  has  never  been  supported  by  endow- 
ments but  wholly  depended  on  fees  for 
its  sustenance.  About  1840  the  corpora- 
tion sold  the  land  it  possessed  and  built 
the  present  structure  in  the  suburbs  of 
the  town  on  an  attractive  site;  the  build- 
ing is  surrounded  with  grounds  where 
pupils  take  ample  exercise.  Interiorly 
everything  is  well  arranged;  the  class 
rooms,  originally  three  in  number,  have 
lately  been  augmented  to  five.  The 
scholars  mostly  from  the  best  families  in 
the  State  and  other  Southern  communi- 
ties, number  116.  They  average  in  age 
from  11  to  18.  The  girls  receive  a train- 
ing which  makes  them  at  once  an  orna- 
ment to  a drawing-room  and  an  acquisi- 
tion to  a home.  Tuition  includes  all 
the  English  branches  and  the  Greek, 
Latin,  French  and  German  languages, 
a specialty  being  made  of  that  most  im- 
portant branch  of  mental  training,  math- 
ematics. Supplementary  studies  in  vocal 
and  instrumental  music,  painting  and 
drawing,  are  given,  also  calisthenics. 
Three  teachers,  Misses  Ella  Mott,  E. 
Goode  Griffin  and  Gussie  Ilood,  ladies 
thoroughly  acquainted  with  the  several 
branches  they  conduct,  assist  Mr.  Pifer 
in  the  successful  management  of  affairs. 
The  former  pupils  of  this  school  the 
writer  knows  as  wives  of  some  of  our 
most  distinguished  men  and  mothers  of 
many  happy  families  in  South  Carolina 
to-day.  Mr.  Pifer,  the  Principal,  was 
horn  in  Virginia,  and  educated  chiefly 
at  Roanoke  College.  He  read  law  with 
Moses  Walter  at  Woodstock,  and  at  the 
outbreak  of  the  war  entered  the  10th 
Virginia  Regiment  in  September,  '61, 
made  1st  Lieutenant  till  August,  '62, 
when  he  was  attached  to  the  general  staff 
of  R.  E.  Lee  with  the  rank  of  Captain 


till  the  cessation  of  hostilities.  He  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  of  Virginia  in  1865, 
and  practiced  two  years  in  Woodstock’ 
coming  to  Newberry  in  the  fall  of  ’67. 
He  was  Professor  of  Latin  and  Greek  in 
Newberry  College,  till  it  removed  to 
Walhalla  and  was  a year  in  the  office  of 
the  Register  in  Bankruptcy,  and  in  1871 
was  appointed  to  his  present  position. 
He  has  had  always  at  heart  the  welfare 
of  those  under  his  care  and  designs  to 
have  his  pupils  look  back  with  pride  to 
their  happy  school  days  in  Newberrv, 
and  we  may  say  he  is  a deep  and  widesp- 
read scholar  in  several  languages,  and 
possess  that  talent  necessary  to  easily 
impart  his  learning. 


CEO.  S.  MOWER, 

Attorney  at  Law. 

Among  the  successful  lawyers  in  this 
section  the  above  takes  a prominent 
place.  Born  in  Maine,  20th  April,  1853, 
he  came  South  with  his  family  the  fol- 
lowing year  and  settled  in  Prosperity. 
He  graduated  from  Boudoin  College, 
Maine  in  1 873,  and  returning  home,  im- 
mediately commenced  the  studv  of  law 
in  the  office  of  Jones  & Jones.  Newberry, 
being  admitted  in  1875  to  the  Circuit 
and  Probate,  and  in  1877  to  practice  in 
the  Supreme  Courts  of  the  State,  and 
also  to  the  Federal  Courts  of  South  Caro- 
lina. He  practices  more  particularly  in 
the  county  of  Newberry,  also  has  busi- 
ness in  Union,  Laurens,  Abbeville, 
Edgefield  and  Lexington.  He  has  re- 
cently been  most  fortunate  in  a number 
of  local  cases.  A well  read  lawyer,  and 
an  able  advocate,  his  duties  have  been 
mostly  in  civil  Courts,  and  he  is  often 
called  on  as  associate  council  and  was 
largely  engaged  in  official  bond  cases.  He 
was  for  two  years  Chairman  of  the  coun- 
ty board  of  equalization,  and  is  also  a 
member  of  the  State  board  of  equaliza- 
tion. Apart  from  his  immediate  busi- 
ness Mr.  Mower  is  identified  with  the 
public  welfare.  He  has  been  since  1S78 
Secretary  of  the  Agricultural  Society, 
has  just  resigned  his  position  on  tlie 
county  board  of  school  examiners,  which 
he  held  since  1877.  was  Alderman  two 
terms,  in  1878  and  '79,  and  was  in  1874 
nominated  from  this  county  for  the 
House  of  Representatives,  and  this  fall 


State  of  South  Carolina. 


231 


is  a popular  candidate  for  the  Legisla- 
ture. He  is  a general  favorite  with  his 
professional  brethren  and  the  public  at 
large.  He  is  a member  of  the  firm  of 
C.  & G.  S.  Mower,  and  a Director  in 
the  Newberry  Cotton  Mill. 


THOS.  S.  MOORMAN, 

Son  of  Senator  Moorman,  a most  revered 
citizen  of  Newberry,  was  born  in  Union 
county  March,  1842,  and  graduated  from 
Wolford  College  in  ’60.  He  entered  the 
army  in  April,  ’61,  at  19  years  of  age 
and  served  the  Confederacy  as  First  Lien- 
tenant  in  the  Third  South  Carolina  in 
Virginia,  being  wounded  in  the  Wilder- 
ness. He  studied  law  with  Sim.  Fair 
and  was  admitted  in  1866.  He  went  for 
eighteen  months  to  the  West  and  return- 
ing to  Newberry  rapidly  gained  a large 
practice,  till  he  may  be  said  to  enjoy  as 
high  a standing  as  any  in  the  profes- 
sion. From  ’70-'78  the  firm  was  known 
as  Moorman  & Schumpert  and  since  that 
as  Moorman  & Simkins.  Mr.  Simkins 
is  a grandson  of  Judge  Wardlaw  and  is 
the  partner  resident  in  Laurensville.  In 
politics  Mr.  Moorman  has  taken  an  ac- 
tive part.  He  was  in  1870  chairman  of 
the  Democratic  club,  where  his  influence 
steadily  augments.  He  is  a K.  of  H. 
and  was  the  first  Grand  Dictator  for  this 
State.  He  is  a member  of  the  U.  S. 
Law  Association.  As  a son  of  our  able 
Senator,  he  possesses  many  of  those  quali- 
fications which  fit  him  for  usefulness  as 
an  advocate  or  a conservative  lawgiver. 


NEWBERRY  HOTEL. 

C.  C.  Chase,  Proprietor. 

With  the  superior  mercantile  facilities 
of  this  city,  this  hotel  is  in  its  excellent 
accomodation  and  efficient  management 
commensurate.  It  was  opened  in  the 
spring  of  1880,  and  is  furnished  in  mod- 
ern style.  Situated  within  a stone’s 
throw  of  the  depot,  it  is  the  most  impos- 
ing building  in  town.  It  is  brick,  two 
stories  with  Mansard  roof,  in  the  form 
of  an  L,  200x225  feet,  has  30  rooms  and 
two  well  appointed  parlor  suites.  On 
the  street  floor  is  the  office,  a large  sam- 
ple room,  billiard  room  with  two  first- 
class  tables,  a well  stocked  bar  and  bar- 
ber shop.  On  the  second  floor  are  all 


the  sleeping  rooms,  clean  and  well  ven- 
tilated, a parlor  with  piano,  conveniently 
opening  on  a roomy  balcony  running  the 
whole  length  of  the  house;  the  dining 
hall  is  spacious  and  can  seat  over  100 
persons,  the  kitchen  is  adjacent  to  this 
and  the  writer  can  say  that  thanks  to 
the  careful  supervision  of  Mrs.  Chase 
the  cuisine  leaves  nothing  to  be  desired. 
Twelve  hands  are  employed,  who  are  po- 
lite in  attending  to  the  many  travelers. 
A baggage  wagon  is  run  to  all  trains. 
The  hotel  was  first  conducted  by  A.  W. 
T.  Simmons,  succeeded  by  one  Galla- 
shaw,  he  by  Bull  & Miller,  they  by  Bull 
alone,  who  on  1st  December,  1882,  gave 
place  to  C.  C.  Chase.  Mr.  Chase  is  a na- 
tive of  Laurens,  removed  at  six  years  old 
to  Charleston,  then  to  Washington,  from 
where  he  returned  and  entered  the  2d 
South  Carolina  Regiment,  and  later 
served  partly  in  the  17th  Mississippi,  and 
partly  on  the  signal  corps  in  Virginia, 
East  Tennessee  and  ^Western  Virginia. 
After  the  war  he  settled  in  Newberry, 
and  till  January,  1867  ran  the  old  hotel 
which  stood  on  this  site.  He  after  had 
hotels  in  Greenville,  Spartanburg  and 
Hendersonville,  coming  to  Newberry  in 
1882.  He  is  Commander  of  the  K.  of 
G.  R.,  Junior  Warden  of  Masonic  Lodge, 
Amity  81,  and  is  as  courteous  a host  as 
he  is  an  experienced  hotel  manager. 


E.  A.  SCOTT, 

Insurance  Agent  and  Clothier. 

To  a community  there  is  no  person  a 
greater  acquisition  than  a trustworthy 
insurance  agent.  Mr.  Scott  in  every  re- 
spect comes  up  to  what  one  engaged  in 
the  insurance  business  should  be — cor- 
rect, honest  and  fair  dealing,  and  con- 
ducts a considerable  business  here  for 
some  of  the  most  solid  insurance 
organizations  in  the  world.  He  com- 
menced here  ten  years  ago  with  the 
North  British  and  Mercantile,  and  in  or- 
der took  up  the  business  of  the  Queen  of 
London,  London  Assurance,  Phcenix  of 
London,  N.  Y.  Underwriters,  German 
American,  Germania,  Imperial,  and  the 
Northern  of  Aberdeen,  with  total  assets 
of  over  150,000,000.  The  Queen  and 
London  Assurance  have  lately  withdrawn 
from  here.  He  likewise  represents  the 
Equit.  Life  of  N.  Y.  whose  outstanding 


232 


Town  of  Newberry, 


insurance  is  over  $200,000,000.  He  in- 
sures all  kinds  of  property,  including 
gin  risks,  and  parties  having  transac- 
tions with  him  find  no  difficulty  in  having 
their  claims  settled.  He  also  conducts 
business  as  dealer  in  fine  clothing  and  he 
never  fails  to  please  his  customers.  Mr. 
Scott  is  a native  of  Ireland  and  came  to 
the  United  States  when  twelve  years  old. 
He  graduated  from  Georgetown  College, 
D.  C.,  in  1849.  He  afterwards  settled 
in  Alabama,  where  he  followed  the  occu- 
pation of  teacher  till  the  breaking  out  of 
the  war,  when  he  at  once  enlisted  in  the 
Second  Alabama  Volunteers,  and  later 
Avas  a member  of  the  Forty-Second  Ala- 
bama. He  tvas  in  the  Western  army  and 
rendered  faithful  service  to  the  Confede- 
rate cause.  After  the  Avar  he  was  four 
years  professor  in  Springfield  College, 
near  Mobile,  and  came  to  Newberry  in 
NO,  where  he  has  since  been  regarded  as 
one  of  her  most  useful  business  men  and 
valued  citizens. 


J.  F.  J.  CALDWELL, 

Was  born  in  Newberry  County  and 
graduated  from  South  Carolina  College 
in  1857.  He  pursued  the  study  of  law 
in  the  office  of  Gen.  James  Simons,  of 
Charleston,  and  was  admitted  in  Janu- 
ary, ’59.  He  also  studied  law  several 
months  at  Berlin.  In  the  Avar  he  served 
during  the  whole  time  mostly  in  Vir- 
ginia, as  a member  of  Gregg’s  1st  S.  C. 
Regiment,  and  rvas  afterwards  aide  to 
Gen.  McGowan.  He  Avas  wounded  near 
Richmond  and  also  at  Gettysburg.  He 
afterwards  wrote  the  history  of  Mc- 
Gowan’s Brigade,  published  in  1866,  and 
pronounced  by  many  Northern  and 
Southern  men  the  best  compiled  history 
of  the  war  ever  printed.  Since  ’70,  Mr. 
Caldwell  has  been  practicing  in  partner- 
ship with  Major  Suber,  the  firm  among 
other  things  being  attorneys  for  the 
Newberry  bank.  Than  Mr.  CaldAvell 
there  are  none  more  versed  in  the  funda- 
mental principles  of  law,  and  none  hav- 
ing a more  thoroughly  practical  knowl- 
edge of  his  profession.  He  Avas  Chairman 
of  the  Democratic  County  Executive 
Committee  from  its  organization  in  '68, 
till  reorganization  in  ’76,  this  being  one  of 
the  few  counties  in  the  State  that  went 
Democratic  in  ’68.  He  was  again  made 
County  Chairman  in  ’77,  holding  the 


office  till  ’80,  refusing  re-election,  and 
his  party  carried  every  election  in  Avhich 
it  made  a contest  during  both  of  his 
terms  of  office.  Devoted  to  his  profes- 
sion he  has  apart  from  this  never  held  or 
sought  any  political  office. 


COL.  JNQ.  8.  JONES, 

Attorney. 

One  of  Newberry’s  promising  advo- 
cates was  born  in  this  county  and  gradu- 
ated from  Newberry  College  in  1880. 
He  clerked  some  time  in  the  Avell  known 
mercantile  house  White  Bros,  of  Abbe- 
ville, studied  law  Avith  Geo.  S.  Mower, 
one  of  the  best  legal  practitioners  in  this 
section,  and  Avas  admitted  to  the  bar  at  a 
general  term  of  the  Supreme  Court  at 
Columbia  in  1882.  Since  then  he  has 
been  practicing  in  his  native  town,  and 
has  a nicely  furnished  office  located  on 
LaAv  Range,  up  stairs.  He  has  already 
successfully  conducted  several  difficult 
cases  and  gained  not  only  a good  reputa- 
tion as  an  advocate  among  his  profes- 
sional brethren  but  throughout  the  com- 
munity generally,  where  he  enjoys  the 
increasing  confidence  of  the  public.  He 
is  uoav  aide  to  Governor  Thompson,  with 
rank  of  Colonel. 


FRED.  WERBER,  JR., 

Attorney  at  Law  and  Insurance 
Agent. 

Was  born  in  Newberry  and  educated 
at  her  high  schools.  In  1869  he  entered 
Washington-Lee  University,  and  for  the 
first  tAvo  years  studied  literature,  and  for 
a similar  period  gave  his  entire  attention 
to  engineering.  In  ’74,  he  commenced 
the  study  of  Mav  with  Suber  & Caldwell, 
and  was  admitted  in  May,  ’76.  at  New- 
berry. He  has  since  practiced  here  and 
careful  of  his  clients  interest  merits  the 
patronage  he  has  obtained. 

He  is  also  local  agent  for  the  Connec- 
ticut Insurance  Company,  of  Hartford. 
Connecticut,  Merchants,  of  New  Jersey, 
and  the  British  America,  of  Toronto,  all 
reliable  companies.  He  has  been  since 
1876  a member  of  the  Board  of  School 
Examiners,  and  is  also  County  Deputy 
Surveyor.  Standing  well  professionally, 
he  enjoys  the  esteem  of  the  general  com- 
munity. 


State  oe  South  Carolina. 


233 


GEO.  SVlcWHSRTER, 

General  Merchant. 

This  enterprising  gentleman  doing  one 
of  the  largest  businesses  in  Newberry, 
succeeded  on  the  1st  January,  1883,  the 
older  firm  of  Fant  & McWhirter,  which 
was  founded  in  1875.  He  carries  a stock 
valued  at  some  $6,000,  of  everything  in 
the  line  of  groceries,  boots  and  shoes  and 
general  farmers  supplies.  His  groceries 
are  fresh  and  procured  in  large  quanti- 
ties from  first  hands  and  are  being  con- 
stantly replenished.  In  boots  and  shoes 
he  also  keeps  the  latest  styles,  while  in 
farmers  supplies  we  find  anything  ordi- 
narily used  for  their  business  or  domestic 
purposes.  The  store,  32x110  feet,  in 
courthouse  square,  is  in  the  centre  of 
commercial  activity.  Four  competent 
hands,  a horse  and  a dray  are  employed, 
and  the  trade  extends  throughout  New- 
berry, Lexington,  Fairfield,  Union, 
Edgefield  and  Laurens. 

Mr.  McWhirter  is  a native  of  Union 
county,  was  many  years  resident  in  Char- 
lotte, N.  C.,  from  where  he  came  to 
Newberry  in  1875.  Here  he  has  made 
for  himself  a name  as  an  honorable  and 
fair-dealing  merchant.  He  is  a member 
of  the  K.  of  IL,  and  of  the  K.  of  H. 
Mutual  Aid. 


EDUARD  SC  HOLTZ, 

Watchmaker  and  Jeweller, 

The  watchmaking  and  jewelry  busi- 
ness in  Newberry  is  represented  by  an 
establishment,  which  would  do  credit  to 
any  large  city.  The  premises  22x75  feet 
are  luxuriantly  furnished  and  present  in 
the  various  show  cases  an  array  of  arti- 
cles gratifying  at  once  to  our  sense  of 
the  beautiful  and  our  appreciation  of  the 
valuable.  It  includes  the  best  German, 
Swiss,  English  and  American  gold  and 
silver  watches,  French  and  American 
clocks,  unique  sets  of  jewelry,  spectacles 
and  eye-glasses,  silver  and  plated  ware, 
and  foreign  and  home-made  table  cutlery, 
and  musical  instruments.  He  also  re- 
pairs watches,  clocks  and  jewelry.  Mr. 
Scholtz  started  in  1876,  and  his  steadily 
increasing  trade  is  the  best  compliment 
that  can  be  paid  to  his  experience  and 
thoroughness  as  a workman  and  judg- 
ment in  selecting  supplies.  He  is  a na- 


tive of  Silesia,  and  came  to  the  United 
States  in  1873,  is  a useful  citizen,  and 
at  present  Worshipful  Master  of  Amity 
Lodge. 

W.  T.  TARRANT, 

Dry  Goods,  Groceries,  etc. 

Prominent  among  the  stores  of  New- 
berry is  the  house  of  W.  T.  Tarrant, 
which  in  ’67  succeeded  Tarrant  & Co. 
The  premises,  occupying  a conspicuous 
site  on  the  square,  consist  of  a large  two- 
story  brick  building  42x100  feet,  well 
adapted  for  carrying  out  the  extensive 
transactions.  The  stock  averaging  $15,- 
000  to  $20,000,  contains  drygoods,  fancy 
and  dress  goods,  silks,  satins,  gents’  fur- 
nishing goods,  clothing,  boots  and  shoes, 
hats  and  caps,  crockery,  a full  line  of 
groceries,  saddlery,  harness  and  trunks. 
Mr.  Tarrant  has  lately  added  to  this  ar- 
ray a millinery  department  which  vies 
with  the  others  in  assortment  and  qual- 
ity. The  trade,  the  largest  in  its  line  in 
this  county,  extends  throughout  the  cen- 
tre of  the  State  where  the  goods  enjoy  a 
standard  reputation.  Seven  assistants 
both  ladies  and  gentlemen,  are  employed, 
who  are  polite  to  callers.  Mr.  Tarrant, 
the  owner  of  this  prosperous  business, 
was  born  in  Alabama,  came  to  South 
Carolina  when  only  a year  old,  his  fam- 
ily settling  in  Laurens,  from  where  he 
moved  to  Newberry  in  1859.  He  was 
several  times  Warden  of  the  town  and  in 
’72  was  elected  to  the  Intendant’s  chair. 
In  the  war  he  served  as  Ensign  with  the 
rank  of  First  Lieutenant,  was  twice 
wounded,  and  present  at  every  battle,  in- 
cluding Manassas  and  Knoxville.  An  en- 
ergetic merchant,  he  is  influential  soci- 
ally, and  is  a member  of  the  Masonic 
Lodge,  Amity  87. 


CLOUD  & SftflSTH, 

The  “Newberry  Clothiers,”  Gents’ 
Furnishing  Goods,  Etc. 

Twenty  years  ago  ready-made  clothing 
was  made  to  supply  the  demands  of  an 
uncritical  trade,  but  to-day  the  produc- 
tions of  the  merchant  tailor  are  dupli- 
cated by  the  dealer  in  ready-made  goods. 
This  house,  one  of  the  leading  in  their 
line  in  South  Carolina,  occupy  premises 
in  Newberry,  22x100  feet,  which  are 


234 


Town  of  Newberry, 


specially  arranged  for  the  business,  and 
pronounced  by  many  the  prettiest  in 
town.  The  stock  running  some  $10,000 
in  value,  is  well  displayed  on  the  tables 
and  show  cases,  and  an  inspection  reveals 
the  fact  that  it  is  made  from  the  finest 
productions  of  home  and  foreign  looms. 
The  sizes  are  designed  to  fit  all  forms, 
while  the  styles  and  quality  are  sufficient 
to  meet  the  most  exacting  demands.  In 
gents’  furnishings,  fine  shoes,  hats  and 
caps,  the  best  goods,  and  latest  New 
York  and  London  styles  are  shown.  A 
specialty  is  also  made  of  merchant  tailor- 
ing. Three  obliging  assistants  are  em- 
ployed and  business  is  conducted  on  cash 
principles.  Mr.  R.  D.  Smith,  the  part- 
ner in  Newberry,  is  a native  of  Spartan- 
burg. In  October,  ’82,  he  came  here  and 
opened  the  store  for  Mr.  Cloud,  becom- 
ing partner  on  1st  February,  ’83.  In 
devoting  bis  best  energies  to  the  business 
he  has  gained  a reputation  for  his  house, 
not  only  in  Newberry,  but  in  Richland 
and  Abbeville  counties  as  “The  Leaders 
of  Fashion.” 


M.  FOOT, 

Dry  Goods,  Clothing,  Shoes,  Hats, 
Furniture,  Etc. 

In  the  line  of  trade  Mr.  Foot  is  en- 
gaged in,  he  may  be  said  to  have  attain- 
ed his  reputation  by  result  both  of  his 
long  experience  and  great  aptitude  for 
his  particular  avocation.  The  house  wTas 
founded  in  1857,  is  the  oldest  in  town, 
and  with  the  exception  of  from  1880  to 
1882,  when  it  was  Foot  & Son,  has  been 
conducted  by  the  senior  himself.  From 
a small  beginning,  he  has  grown  till  four 
years  ago,  he  erected  his  present  premi- 
ses, a handsome  3-story  brick  building, 
50x85  feet.  The  first  floor  or  retail  de- 
partment, contains  foreign  and  domestic 
dry  goods,  silks,  fancy  and  dress  goods, 
gents  furnishings,  clothing,  boots  and 
shoes,  hats  and  caps,  and  general  planta- 
tion supplies.  On  the  second  floor  is  the 
furniture,  the  largest  stock  in  town,  in- 
cluding chamber,  drawing  room,  dining 
room  sets,  etc.,  and  the  top  floor  is  used 
for  storage  of  stock.  lie  also  does  a large 
business  wholesaling  cigars.  Nine  com- 
petent hands  are  employed  and  two 
wagons  are  constantly  delivering  to  the 
patrons  in  this  and  the  counties  of  Lau-  i 


rens,  Union  and  Edgefield.  Mr.  Foot  is 
a native  of  Leignitz,  came  to  the  LTnited 
States  in  1849,  and  to  South  Carolina  in 
1855.  He  was  in  the  Confederate  armv, 
he  belongs  to  the  I.  O.  B.  B.,  is  a Ma- 
son, Odd  Fellow  and  K.  of  H.  There  is 
nothing  mean  or  second  hand  about  this 
house,  and  parties  invariably  find  rela- 
tions satisfactory. 


W.  T.  WRIGHT, 

Stoves,  Grates,  Tinware,  etc. 


This  is  a name  familiar  to  the  people 
of  Newberry  as  that  of  one  of  her  lead- 
ing business  men.  His  store  of  brick, 
22x90  feet,  is  on  courthouse  square.  He 
keeps  a full  line  of  stoves  and  grates  of 
latest  designs  and  patterns,  tin  and  ja- 
panned ware  in  every  variety,  &c.  In 
the  rear  is  the  work  shop,  where  the 
sheet  tin  is  cut  into  sizes  for  roo  fing, 
guttering,  etc.,  which  part  of  the  busi- 
ness is  made  a specialty  of,  all  sorts  of 
repairing  being  efficiently  done.  Two 
competent  hands  are  employed. 
This  house  dates  back  to  1855,  when  it 
was  founded  by  II.  H.  Blease,  who  took 
Mr.  Wright  into  partnership  in  1861. 
In  1863  Mr.  Wright  succeeded  to  the 
business,  and  continued  alone  till  1866. 
For  two  years  the  firm  was  Blease  & 
Wright,  and  since  1868  the  latter  gen- 
tleman has  conducted  it  alone.  Mr. 
Wright  is  a thoroughly  practical  man 
well  up  in  his  line  of  business.  He  was 
born  in  Tennessee,  raised  in  Georgia, 
and  came  to  Newberry  in  1854.  He  is  a 
K.  of  H.,  in  the  K.  & L.  of  H.,  and  the 
United  Order  of  the  Golden  Cross  and  is 
a Deacon  in  the  Baptist  Church. 


State  of  South  Carolina. 


535 


COCCANS  & HERBERT, 

Attorneys  at  Law. 

J.  K.  P.  Goggans  was  born  in  New- 
berry, and  graduated  from  Furman  Uni- 
versity in  1874.  He  taught  school  in 
Abbeville  county,  for  four  months  at 
Greenwood,  and  one  year  Principal  of 
the  Phoenix  High  School.  He  farmed 
till  "78,  when  he  studied  law  with  Suber 
& Caldwell,  and  also  for  nine  months  at 
the  University  of  Virginia,  and  was  ad- 
mitted in  1880.  He  has  already  gained 
several  important  cases  in  the  Circuit  and 
Probate,  and  a few  in  the  Supreme  Courts 
of  the  State.  He  is  attorney  for  the 
County  Commissioners,  and  is  a member 
of  the  K.  of  H. 

D.  0.  Herbert  was  born  in  this  county 
and  graduated  from  Wofford  in  1878, 
1st  honor  in  a class  of  fourteen.  In  ’79  he 
received  the  degree  of  M.  A.  He  taught 
school  in  Edgefield  county  and  afterwards 
removed  to  Cedartown,  Georgia,  where 
he  was  about  one  year  engaged  in  mer- 
cantile business.  There  he  commenced 
the  study  of  law  in  the  office  of  Colonel 
Ivy  F.  Thompson,  the  leading  lawyer  of 
the  town,  and  prosecuted  the  same  at 
Vanderbilt  University,  Tennessee,  re- 
ceiving the  degree  of  B.  L.  from  here  in 
1881.  He  practiced  in  Georgia  for  a 
year  and  since  November,  1882,  he  has 
been  of  this  firm.  These  gentlemen  have 
a growing  practice  and  are  live  and  useful 
citizens. 


DR.  SAMPSON  POPE 

Was  born  in  the  town  of  Newberry,  15th 
October,  1836,  studied  at  and  graduated 
from  Jefferson  Medical  College,  Phila- 
delphia, 9th  March,  ’58.  The  war  found 
him  the  master  of  a growing  practice, 
which  he  left  12th  January,  1861,  and 
entered  Gregg’s  First  South  Carolina 
Regiment  at  Charleston,  serving  till  July, 
’62,  when  he  passed  examination  for  and 
entered  the  medical  department,  render- 
ing faithful  service  as  a surgeon  till  the 
close,  when  he  was  senior  surgeon  to 
Sorrell’s  Georgia  Brigade.  In  ’67  he  gave 
up  medicine,  studied  law  and  was  ad- 
mitted in  1868,  and  practiced  ten  years, 
returning  to  medicine  again  in  ’78.  Since 
then  he  has  had  a successful  and  rapidly 
growing  general  practice,  his  patrons 
being  from  the  best  families  all  over  this 


and  adjacent  counties,  where  he  has  ac- 
quired a well  merited  reputation.  His 
office  is  located  in  the  Opera  House,  and 
callers  will  find  him  ready  to  give  prompt 
attention  to  their  wants.  Standing  well 
professionally,  the  Doctor  is  likewise  an 
esteemed  member  of  social  life  and  be- 
longs to  the  Masonic  Lodge,  Amity  87. 


JAMES  Y.  CULBREATH, 

Lawyer. 

Son  of  Wm.  and  Behetheland  Cul- 
breath,  (a  first  cousin  of  Judge  Pickens 
Butler,)  was  born  in  Edgefield  county 
26t,h  December,  1843.  He  received  his 
literary  education  at  Shady  Grove  Acad- 
emy, one  of  the  first  elementary  schools 
in  the  State,  and  at  Williamston  High 
School,  under  the  Rev.  Kennedy,  an  able 
teacher,  and  finally  entered  the  S.  C. 
Military  Academy  in  January,  1862,  and 
took  part  in  the  defence  of  Charleston, 
along  with  the  State  Cadets.  He  re- 
turned to  Edgefield  county  and  at- 
tended to  his  large  estate,  and  is  con- 
ducting two  successful  plantations  in  that 
county  of  over  2,000  acres.  He  also 
owns  a valuable  tract  partly  within,  part- 
ly without  the  corporate  limits  of  the 
town  of  Newberry.  In  Edgefield  he  was 
a member  of  the  county  tax  commission 
many  years,  and  came  to  Newberry  in 
1875.  He  studied  law  in  the  office  of 
Simeon  Fair,  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
and  commenced  practice  in  1876.  He 
has  since  conducted  a successful  practice 
and  in  the  branch  of  Equity,  has  few 
equals  and  no  superior. 


J.  L.  AULL  & SON, 

Lumber  Dealers,  etc. 

Engaged  in  the  manufacture  of  lum- 
ber, mouldings,  etc.,  is  the  well  known 
firm  of  J.  L.  Anil  & Son.  The  planing 
mill  30  years  a landmark  in  this  county, 
was  bought  from  Mr.  Cline  about  a year 
ago.  It  is  a two  story  frame  structure, 
25x60  feet,  filled  with  machinery  driven 
by  a 15-horse  engine.  Four  hands  are 
employed  and  a large  stock  of  hard  and 
soft  lumber,  mouldings,  etc.,  is  kept, 
the  firm  being  at  all  times  prepared  to 
fill  building  contracts  on  short  notice. 

The  mill  is  under  the  supervision  of 
the  junior  partner,  Mr.  E.  H.  Aull, 


Town  of  Newberry, 


236 


who  pays  close  attention  to  the  correct 
fulfilment  of  orders.  The  saw  mill  at- 
tended to  by  the  senior  partner,  is  in 
Edgefield  county,  and  a 60-inch  saw  is 
used,  and  the  machinery  is  driven  by  a 
forty-horse  engine.  Here  the  firm  own 
some  of  the  best  standing  timber  in  the 
State,  and  from  it  they  take  yearly 
about  300,000  feet.  The  goods  can  al- 
ways be  relied  upon,  and  compete  with 
all  successfully.  Mr.  Aull  and  his  son 
are  both  natives  of  Newberry,  and  are 
enterprising  manufacturers  and  public 
spirited  citizens. 

THE  DEWBERRY  OBSERVER 
AMD  PRINTING  OFFICE. 

The  career  of  the  above  newspaper 
during  its  comparatively  brief  span  of  ex- 
istence, offers  an  example  of  what  can  be 
achieved  by  determination  and  enterprise 
in  conjunction  with  brains  and  ability. 
It  was  founded  11th  January,  ’83,  and  it 
r.ow  (March,  ’84,)  has  a 700  circulation. 
It  is  fearlessly  independent  and  is  always 
in  the  van  in  obtaining  the  latest  news. 
The  office  also  publishes  the  Lutheran 
Visitor,  a large  eight  page  weekly  jour- 
nal, with  an  1 ,800  circulation.  There  are 
also  issued  monthly  from  this  office  the 
Church  Record,  1,5,00  copies,  an  Abbe- 
ville paper,  and  the  Stylus,  the  college 
journal.  Four  printers  besides  the  three 
proprietors,  who  are  all  practical  men, 
are  engaged.  Their  premises,  40x80  feet, 
beside  a four  page  press,  are  fitted  with 
modern  conveniences.  They  do  first-class 
work  in  business  and  visiting  cards,  bill 
and  letter  heads,  law  blanks  and  briefs, 
catalogues,  etc.,  with  dispatch.  Liens, 
conveyances,  mortgages,  legal  and  trial 
justice  blanks  always  on  hand.  The  pro- 
prietors, Messrs.  \\  . H.  \A  allace,  \\  m.  P. 
Housel  and  J.  PI.  M.  Kinard,  are  all  na- 
tives of  Newberry,  and  are  well  known  as 
live  journalists.  The  first  has  been  en- 
gaged in  the  printing  line  since  ’76,  the 
second  since  ’73,  and  the  last,  formerly 
with  the  Herald,  commenced  his  appren- 
ticeship in  ’59.  The  journal  is  eminently 
suited  to  the  farmer  and  business  man. 


D.  B.  WHEELER, 

County  Sheriff  and  General  Mer- 
chant. 

Was  born  in  Newberry,  October  11, 


1839,  and  has  been  from  an  early  age  en- 
gaged in  mercantile  pursuits.  He  was 
many  years  in  the  firm  of  Lovelace  & 
Wheeler,  established  in  ’65,  and  dissolved 
in  September,  ’75,  and  of  their  succes- 
sors 1).  B.  Wheeler  & Co.,  till  Januarv, 
’82,  since  when  he  has  conducted  trade 
alone.  His  store,  30x160  feet,  is  located 
in  Courthouse  Square.  It  contains  foreign 
and  domestic  dry  goods,  notions,  cloth- 
ing, boots  and  shoes,  hats  and  caps,  gro- 
ceries and  provisions,  and  all  the  ordi- 
nary farmers  and  plantation  supplies, 
the  whole  running  in  value  from  $6,000 
to  $10,000.  Three  hands  are  emploved 
and  everything  kept  is  of  first  quality. 
Mr.  Wheeler  has  filled  the  position  of 
County  Sheriff  since  1877,  having  per- 
formed the  arduous  and  often  difficult 
and  trying  duties  to  the  satisfaction  of 
the  community,  has  been  each  succeed- 
ing term  re-elected  and  re-appointed. 
In  the  late  war  he  was  in  the  3d  South 
Carolina  Regiment,  commanded  by  Col. 
James  D.  Nance,  and  rendered  good  ser- 
vice to  the  Confederate  cause,  being 
wounded  at  Savage  Station  in  the  knee. 
He  enjoys  the  respect  and  assurance  of 
the  public,  and  is  a K.  of  H.  and  a Past 
Dictator  of  the  Order. 


JOHN  K.  NANCE, 

County  Auditor, 

Was  born  in  Laurens,  1840,  and  grad- 
uated from  Erskine  College  when  only 
seventeen  years  old  in  1857.  At  the  out- 
break of  the  war  he  entered  the  Third  S. 
C.  Regiment,  as  Orderly  Sergeant,  being 
later  promoted  for  meritorious  services 
to  the  rank  of  Major,  commanding  the 
consolidated  Third,  made  up  of  the 
Third,  Eighth  and  Third  Battalion. 
Since  the  war  he  has  been  farming  in 
this  county.  Though  young  in  political 
life,  he  is  endowed  with  those  qualities 
which  carry  victory  at  the  polls.  In 
1879,  he  was  elected  Auditor  of  the 
county,  the  election  being  ratified  by  the 
Governor.  The  following  term,  notwith- 
standing strong  and  intelligent  opposi- 
tion, he  was  still  more  victorious,  and  by 
an  ever  memorable  and  happy  speech,  so 
transported  his  crowd  of  listeners,  that 
they  returned  him  by  a glorious  majority 
of  three  to  one.  The  functions  of  the 
office  have,  since  his  acceptation,  been 


State  of  South  Carolina. 


237 


well  performed.  The  Major  is  Master  of 
Masonic  Lodge  Amity. 


JOHN  S.  FAIR, 

Town  Treasurer. 

Son  of  the  illustrious  Simeon  Fair, 
and  one  of  Newberry’s  favorite  citizens 
and  trusted  officials,  was  born  in  this 
county,  May  7,  ’53,  received  his  early 
education  at,  and  graduated  from  Wasli- 
ington-Lee  University  in  1873.  He 
studied  law  with  Y.  J.  Pope  and  was  ad- 
mitted in  1874.  He  practiced  in  part- 
nership with  his  preceptor  as  Pope  & 
Fair  till  1880,  and  though  still  doing  a 
law  business  he  finds  the  duties  of  his 
offices  sufficient  for  any  one  man.  He 
was  elected  Treasurer  of  the  town  in 
1874,  and  he  has  been  re-elected  every 
succeeding  year.  Under  his  management 
the  revenue  of  the  city  has  risen  from 
$4,600  in  1874,  to  over  $11,000  in  1883. 
Mr.  Fair  has  likewise  filled  the  post  of 
Trial  Justice  since  1880,  when  appointed 
by  Governor  Hagood,  and  twice  reap- 
pointed by  his  successors.  He  also  owns 
a large  farm  in  this  county,  and  well 
merits  the  high  standing  he  holds  among 
us. 


A.  J.  McCAUGHRIN, 

Dealer  in 

FERTILIZERS, 
Newberry,  0.  H. 

THE  NEWBERRY  HERALD. 

Thos.  F.  Greneker,  Editor  and 
Proprietor. 

Among  the  journals  of  this  section  the 
above  occupies  an  important  place.  It 
was  established  in  1864,  is  the  oldest 
paper  in  this  county.  It  is  a four  sheet, 
25x38,  neatly  printed  and  contains  the 
latest  , news.  Its  800  circulation  gives  it 
a strong  hold  upon  the  public  mind.. 
The  establishment, situatednear  the  depot 
is  25x80  feet,  and  here  skilled  workmen 
are  employed  and  all  sorts  of  job  print- 
ing is  done;  a neat  store  is  connected 
with  the  institution,  and  here  a full 
stock  of  standard  works,  stationery,  etc.. 


is  kept.  Mr.  Thos.  F.  Greneker  is  a 
native  of  Charleston  and  came  to  this 
town  before  the  war,  since  when  he  and 
his  paper  have  been  recognized  as  an  in- 
trinsic and  valuable  part  of  the  commu- 
nity. 


THE  NEWBERRY  NEWS. 

R,  H.  Greneker,  Jr.,  Editor  and 
Proprietor. 

This  paper  was  established  in  January, 
1878,  and  has  gradually  gained  favor.  It 
is  a 4-page  sheet,  24x36,  printed  in  nice, 
legible  type,  appears  every  Friday  morn- 
ing, and  reflects  credit  upon  the  pub- 
lisher for  its  good  arrangement,  and  the 
amount  of  local  news  it  conveys.  Its  in- 
creasing popularity  is  the  best  proof  of  the 
enterprise  and  ability  shown  by  the  propri- 
etor in  its  management.  The  paper  has 
gained  additional  strength  lately  by  the 
acquisition  of  Mr.E.H.Aull,  associate  ed- 
itor, who  is  likewise  local  correspondent 
for  the  Charleston  News  and  Courier. 
The  establishment  is  equipped  with  good 
type  and  appliances  for  printing.  Mr. 
Greneker  is  a native  of  Charleston  and 
well  known  in  the  community  as  a social 
gentleman  and  useful  citizen. 

B.  J.  RAMACE, 

Dry  Goods,  Groceries,  Etc. 

This  gentleman,  doing  a safe  business 
in  this  county,  started  in  September, 
1871,  as  11.  J.  Ramage  & Co.  In  1875  or  ’6 
the  name  became  B.  J.  Ramage  & Son, 
and  since  1st  August,  1883,  Mr.  Ramage 
has  continued  alone,  his  patronage  com- 
ing from  the  county  generally"  The 
premises  on  the  corner  of  Main  and 
Adams,  36x40  feet,  are  neatly  arranged 
and  pleasant  to  transact  business  in.  The 
stock,  averaging  $4,000,  contains  a full 
assortment  of  staple  and  fancy  groceries, 
teas,  coffees,  sugars,  butter,  flour,  etc. 
Also,  dry  goods,  boots  and  shoes,  hats 
and  caps  and  hardware  and  cutlery.  The 
supplies  are  kept  up  to  the  standard  and 
retailed  at  moderate  prices.  Mr.  Ram- 
age, who  is  a native  of  Newberry,  and 
one  of  her  reliable  and  fair-dealing 
merchants,  was  before  the  war  16  years 
Clerk  of  Court;  he  was  afterwards  7 years 
agent  for  the  Columbia  and  Greenville  R. 
R.  In  politics  he  formerly  took  an  ac- 


Town  of  Newberry. 


238 


tive  interest,  and  was  several  years  Al- 
derman. 


HiEWRY  DORATI©  BLEASE 

Was  born  at  Edgefield  Courthouse,  S.  C., 
11th  May,  1832,  received  his  education  at 
Johnston’s  school,  and  at  an  early  age 
showed  a natural  ability  for  the  discus- 
sion of  legal  points.  Having  duties  to 
perform  in  another  direction,  however, 
lie  refused  the  solicitations  of  friends  to 
educate  him  for  the  bar  and  continued 
at  his  vocation  as  a business  man  until 
he  became  the  head  of  various  enter- 
prises. He  came  to  Newberry  in  1849 
and  served  in  the  war  in  various  capaci- 
ties, and  was  very  efficient  as  enrolling 
officer,  being  very  conversant  with  the 
Confederate  laws.  When  peace  returned 
he  took  to  farming,  continuing  the  same 
till  1875,  when  he  went  into  the  hotel 
and  livery  business,  which  he  has  since 
successfully  prosecuted. 

The  Blease  Hotel  is  a handsome  three- 


story  building  situated  in  the  lower  part 
of  the  town.  The  cuisine  is  good,  the 
water  excellent,  the  rooms — 50  in  all — 
are  cleanly  kept,  and  the  whole  is  nicely 
and  well  arranged.  Five  competent 
hands  are  employed,  and  parties  stop- 
ping here  will  have  reason  to  be  satisfied 
with  their  choice.  The  livery  and  sale  sta- 
ble is  a first-class  establishment  and  in 
every  way  well  appointed.  Several  fine 
horses  are  kept,  suitable  for  riding  and 
driving  purposes,  and  the  best  accommo- 
dation is  furnished  feeders,  and  a stock  of 
horses  and  mules  is  always  on  hand  for 
sale.  These  institutions  receive  the  ex- 
tended patronage  of  the  public.  Mr. 
Blease,  although  not  an  active  politician, 
has  been  a life-long  consistent  Democrat, 
and  was  appointed  by  Governor  Thomp- 
son Trial  Justice  in  August  last,  and  this 
position  he  has,  with  great  ability  and 
judgment,  his  natural  legal  talents  and 
inclinations  rendering  him  most  fit  for 
the  work,  filled  to  the  entire  satisfaction 
of  the  public  and  the  bar. 


VETERINARY  SURGEON, 


OFFICE  8 ! RESIDENCE  : 

No.  37  QUEEN  ST.T  34  CHALMERS  ST. 
OnARUiTON,  S'.  C. 


_A_1X  ZDomoLestiio  -AXrriim-alLs  Treated. 


ANDERSON,  S.  C 


The  town  was  located  in  1827,  and  incorporated  as  a city  in  1882,  to  be  governed 
by  a Mayor  and  six  Aldermen.  The  Council  elected  August  11,  188-4,  consists  of 
Mayor,  G.  F.  Tolly:  Aldermen,  Foster  Fant,  James  M.  Payne,  J.  S.  Fowler,  J.  L. 
Farmer,  F.  M.  Murphy,  B.  Frank  Mauldin.  The  police  force  consists  of  one  chief 
and  four  policemen,  one  of  whom  is  also  street  overseer.  A fire  department  was  or- 
ganized in  June,  1884,  with  about  fifty  members,  and  one  third  class  steam  engine. 
The  officers  of  the  company  are:  chief,  James  M.  Cathcart;  assistant  chief,  John 
O’Donnell;  first  director,  D.  S.  Taylor;  second  director,  Foster  Fant. 

The  following  rates  of  insurance  are  in  force  according  to  the  rates  adopted  in 
1883,  before  the  fire  department  was  organized:  Business  houses  and  stocks,  1.65 
to  2.75;  dwellings,  .60  to  1.00. 

There  are  forty-five  business  houses  in  the  city,  exclusive  of  saloons,  classed  as 
follows:  Clothing,  3;  millinery  and  ladies’  goods,  4;  shoes  and  hats,  1;  hardware, 

1;  stove  and  tin  ware,  2;  groceries  and  confectioneries,  6;  jewelry,  clocks  and 
watches,  3;  drugs,  4;  harness  and  saddles,  2;  dry  goods,  3;  general  merchandise, 
16.  Store  rents  vary  from  $200  to  $600  per  }rear,  according  to  size  of  room  and 
location. 

Manufactures — one  door,  sash  and  blind  factory  with  planing  mill,  one  cotton 
seed  oil  mill  and  two  carriage  factories. 

The  white  people  have  five  churches,  Baptist,  Presbyterian,  Methodist,  Episco- 
pal and  Catholic.  The  colored  people  have  three  churches.  Baptist,  African  Meth- 
odist, and  Northern  Methodist.  There  are  two  schools  of  high  grade  in  the  city, 
besides  several  smaller  schools. 

The  population  of  the  city  of  Anderson  is  estimated  at  2,200,  there  being  a 
considerable  increase  in  population  since  the  census  of  1880. 

Railroad  connections  North  and  West  by  Blue  Ridge  Railroad  connecting  at 
Seneca  with  Atlanta  and  Charlotte  Air  Line  Railway,  and  South  by  Columbia  and 
Greenville  Railroad.  The  Savannah  Valley  Railroad  connecting  with  Augusta,  Ga., 
is  in  process  of  building  and  will  probably  be  completed  during  the  next  year. 

The  rate  of  taxation  in  the  city  of  Anderson  is  2 ^ mills  on  the  dollar,  but  will 
probably  be  a little  higher  the  next  few  years  on  account  of  a bonded  debt  of  $25,- 
000  created  in  the  interest  of  the  Savannah  Valley  Railroad. 

Cotton  is  the  principal  product  of  the  county,  and  about  20,000  bales  are  annu- 
ally sold  in  this  market. 

The  county  of  Anderson  is  situated  in  the  northwestern  part  of  South  Caro- 
lina, between  34  degrees  and  35  degrees  north  latitude,  in  the  great  Piedmont  belt, 
and  in  full  view  of  the  beautiful  Blue  Ridge  Mountains,  which  lie  to  the  north  and 
northwest,  about  twenty-five  miles  distant  from  the  nearest  point  on  the  county 
line.  The  scenery,  as  viewed  from  many  of  the  most  elevated  portions  of  the  coun- 
ty, is  grand  and  picturesque.  One  hundred  years  ago  the  Cherokee  Indians  roamed 
over  this  entire  section,  and  there  was  none  to  divide  its  dominion  with  them  save 
the  bear,  panther,  wolf,  wild-cat,  deer,  buffalo  and  rattlesnake.  Twenty-eight  tribes 
of  Indians  inhabited  South  Carolina  when  it  began  to  be  settled  by  the  whites  in 
1670,  the  Cherokees  owning  and  occupying,  at  the  breaking  out  of  the  Revolution? 


240 


City  op  Andebson, 


ary  war,  the  northwestern  section  of  the  State,  bounded  towards  the  southwest 
and  west  by  Georgia,  towards  the  north  by  North  Carolina,  towards  the  southeast 
by  the  upper  boundary  lines  of  Abbeville  and  Laurens  counties,  and  towards  the 
east  by  a directly  Northern  line  from  the  point  where  the  Laurens  line  crosses 
Reedy  river  to  the  North  Carolina  line.  British  influence  induced  them  in  the 
summer  of  1776  to  undertake  a war  with  the  State,  which  was  ended  in  one  vigorous 
campaign  by  October  in  that  year.  Colonel  Williamson  compelled  them  to  sue  for 
peace  and  agree  to  cede  all  this  territory,  lying  below'  a line  running  northeast  from 
the  Georgia  line  across  the  top  of  Oconee  Mountain  to  the  North  Carolina  line,  now 
known  as  the  Old  Indian  Boundary  Line.  This  cession  seems  never  to  have  been 
perfected  until  1783,  and  the  next  year,  1784,  it  was  opened  to  white  settlers,  so 
much  of  the  land  as  had  not  previously  been  located  for  soldiers’  bounties  being 
offered  at  ten  pounds  sterling  per  hundred  acres.  The  lands  between  the  Tugaloo 
and  Keowee  rivers  were  specially  reserved  six  months  longer  than  other  lands  that 
soldiers’  bounties  might  be  located  upon  them. 

When  this  territory  was  ceded  to  the  State,  it  became  part  of  the  District  of 
Ninety-Six,  which,  prior  to  this  time  embraced  what,  on  our  later  maps  is  marked 
Abbeville,  Edgefield,  Laurens,  Newberry,  Spartanburg  aud  Union  Districts.  At 
that  time  there  was  a double  system  of  Courts  in  the  State,  viz:  Circuit  Courts  and 
County  Courts.  The  Circuit  Courts  for  the  District  of  Ninety-Six,  were  held  only 
at  Cambridge,  otherwise  called  Ninety-Six  C.  H.;  but  the  'County  Courts  were 
held  at  the  courthouses  of  the  several  subdivisions  just  named,  then  as  now.  desig- 
nated as  counties.  That  part  of  this  territory  west  of  the  Saluda,  was  annexed  for 
County  Court  purposes  to,  and  became  apart  of,  Abbeville  count}',  and  so  continued 
until  1789,  when  it  was  separted  from  Abbeville  and  organized  as  Pendleton  county. 
In  1791  a new  Circuit  Court  District,  called  Washington,  was  constituted,  composed 
of  the  counties  of  Greenville  and  Pendleton,  and  a courthouse  established  therefor 
at  Pickensville,  near  the  present  location  of  Easley,  on  the  Atlanta  and  Charlotte 
Air  Line  Railway.  The  County  Courts  were  abolished  in  1799,  and  the  Circuit 
Courts  of  Common  Pleas  were  held  in  the  several  counties,  which  had  in  the  Con- 
stitution of  1790  been  designated  as  Election  Districts,  and  after  the  Act  of  1199 
they  were  known  as  Judicial  and  Election  Districts,  which,  in  this  part  of  the  State, 
were  severally  identical  in  extent  and  boundaries  until  1826,  when  Pendleton  was 
divided  into  two  Judicial  Districts,  Anderson  and  Pickens,  but  remained  one 
Election  District  until  1852,  when  each  of  the  latter  became  a separate  Election  Dis- 
trict and  entitled  to  a Senator  in  the  State  Legislature,  and  Representatives  accord- 
ing to  the  aggregate  of  population  and  property  as  provided  by  the  Constitution  of 
1790.  The  name  District  was  changed  to  County  in  the  reconstruction  of  1868.  and 
the  county  was  laid  off  into  townships  in  1869.  The  courthouse  was  built  in  1827, 
and  the  first  court  was  held  in  October,  1828. 

The  present  western  boundary  line  of  South  Carolina,  the  Savannah  and  Tuga- 
loo rivers,  was  established  by  a convention  of  the  States  of  Georgia  and  South  Caro- 
lina, held  at  Beaufort,  S.  C.,  April  28,  1787,  Georgia  having  previously  claimed  the 
Keowee  (now  Seneca)  river  and  the  present  Keowee  river  as  her  eastern  boundary 
line.  As  the  line  now  stands,  the  Savannah  and  Tugaloo  rivers,  with  their  islands, 
to  low  water  mark  on  the  Carolina  shore  belong  to  the  State  of  Georgia. 

The  county  of  Anderson  was  named  in  compliment  to  Gen.  Anderson,  of  Revo- 
lutionary fame.  The  surface  of  the  county  is  undulating,  thus  preventing  the  gath- 
ering of  miasma,  so  common  in  low,  flat  countries,  yet  sufficiently  level  for  its  almost 
entire  cultivation.  The  soil  is  fertile,  and  will  produce,  with  proper  culture,  a 
greater  variety  to  supply  the  wants  of  man  and  beast  than  any  other  territory  of  the 
same  area  in  the  United  States.  The  climate  oppresses  with  no  extreme  heat  or  cold, 
barring  such  brief  terms  as  visit  all  sections  of  the  temperate  zone,  but  combines  in 
no  slight  degree  the  bracing,  invigorating  atmosphere  of  its  mountain  vicinity  with 
the  genial  and  perfumed  breezes  of  the  sunny  South.  Conscious  of  the  various 
gifts  conferred  by  a beneficent  Providence  on  the  county  of  Anderson,  an  intelli- 
gent observer  will  unhesitatingly  say  that  this  is  a country  in  which  the  industry  and 


State  of  South  Carolina. 


241 


ingenuity  of  man  may  achieve  all  possibilities,  a prosperity  and  culture  unsurpassed 
by  few.  Among  the  different  religious  denominations  here  there  exists  the  kindest 
spirit  of  toleration — a spirit  so  necessary  to  good  feeling  in  all  communities.  The 
people  are  mostly  intelligent,  moral  and  refined,  and  are  distinguished  for  industry 
and  unmistakable  progress,  notably  in  agriculture,  a watchful  devotion  to  political 
liberty,  and  genuine  unaffected  respect  for  the  rights  of  all. 

There  are  five  incorporated  towns  in  the  county:  Anderson  C.  H.,  Pendleton, 
Williamston,  Belton  and  Honea  Path,  the  three  latter  being  stations  on  the  Colum- 
bia and  Greenville  Railroad  and  the  two  former  on  the  Blue  Ridge  division  of  the 
same  road.  All  of  them  have  churches  of  from  two  to  five  denominations,  Baptist, 
Presbyterian,  Methodist,  Episcopal  and  Catholic,  besides  flourishing  schools  of  a high 
standard.  All  our  towns  are  within  ten  to  twelve  hours  of  Charleston,  seven  to  ten 
hours  of  Atlanta,  and  about  thirty  hours  of  New  York. 

The  population  of  the  county,  according  to  the  United  States  census  of  1880, 
is  33,613,  about  four-sevenths  of  whom  are  white  and  the  remaining  three-sevenths 
colored. 

The  growth  in  population  is  as  follows:  1790,  6,503;  1800,  11.504;  1830,  17,- 
169;  ’40,  18,493;  ’50,  21,475;  ’60,  22,875;  1870,  24,049;  ’80,  33,612. 

The  area  of  Anderson  county  is  733,479  square  miles.  The  taxable  property, 
as  per  the  returns  of  1883,  is  as  follows: 

Outside  city  and  towns — acres  of  land,  464,631^-,  valued  at  $2,389,308;  value  of 
buildings,  $345,792;  total,  $2,735,100. 

Real  estate  in  city  and  towns,  $451,920;  total  real,  $3,187,020;  personal  prop- 
erty, $1,661,984;  railroad  property,  $395,850;  National  Bank.  $62,500;  insurance 
companies,  $10,875;  express  company,  $1,677;  grand  total,  $5,319,906. 

Tax  on  above,  including  4,287  polls,  $66,805.96. 

The  rate  of  taxation  for  the  current  year  is  as  follows:  State  tax,  5 mills;  or- 

dinary county  tax,  2f  mills;  past  indebtedness,  1^  mills;  school  tax,  2 mills;  total, 
11  mills. 

The  lands  are  undergoing  an  improved  state  of  cultivation,  and  in  many  parts 
of  the  county  can  be  seen  farms  second  to  none  in  the  North  and  West.  The  coun- 
ty is  well  watered,  being  bounded  on  the  northeast  by  the  Saluda  river,  on  the 
southwest  by  the  Savannah  and  Tugaloo  rivers,  the  Seneca  passing  through  the 
western  corner,  while  every  other  section  is  penetrated  with  smaller  rivers  and 
creeks,  with  numerous  shoals  and  falls  of  perennial  supply  of  water,  thus  affording 
great  facilities  for  an  immense  manufacturing  business.  The  water  is  pure  freestone, 
while  occasionally  a chalybeate  spring  and  well  with  excellent  medicinal  qualities  is 
found.  The  average  temperature  of  the  springs  is  61-J-  degrees,  and  of  the  altitude, 
Anderson  0.  H.,  832  feet  above  sea  level;  Pendleton,  875;  Honea  Path,  895;  Bel- 
ton, 980. 

TIMBER. 

More  than  one-fourth  of  this  county  is  covered  with  timber,  consisting  princi- 
pally of  the  following  varieties:  red  oak,  white  oak,  black  oak,  post  oak,  Spanish 
oak,  water  oak,  willow  oak,  hickory,  short-leaved  pine,  poplar,  chestnut,  black  gum, 
sweet  gum,  ash,  maple,  black  walnut,  black  locust,  black  haw,  beech  birch,  cedar, 
dogwood,  red  elm,  slippery  elm,  sourwood,  sassafras,  sycamore,  mulberry  and  wild 
cherry.  These  timbers  abound  in  sufficient  quantities  for  all  building,  machine  and 
agricultural  purposes.  The  pine  timber  is  mostly  of  the  second  forest  growth,  but 
is  among  our  most  useful  timbers  for  building  and  farm  purposes.  It  grows  as  a 
second  forest  upon  the  lands  in  this  section  in  about  fifteen  years.  Many  of  the 
foregoing  timbers  could  be  obtained  for  export  if  demand  should  exist. 

AGRICULTURE. 

To  the  agriculturist  Anderson  county  offers  a safe  field  for  investment.  Here 
corn,  wheat,  oats,  rye  and  rice,  yield  largely  when  properly  cultivated.  Corn,  with 


242 


City  of  Anderson, 


proper  preparation  and  culture,  will  yield  40  to  50  bushels  per  acre;  wheat,  with  the 
same  care,  35  to  40  bushels  per  acre.  Cotton  is  the  staple  crop  of  this  section,  and 
will  yield  2,500  pounds  of  seed  cotton  per  acre  with  the  best  preparation,  and  this 
has  been  found  the  cheapest  system.  Clover  and  the  grasses  also  grow  to  perfection 
in  this  latitude,  and  with  a little  care  and  attention  can  always  be  made  profitable. 
The  interests  of  the  farmer  have  been  greatly  enhanced  by  the  passage  of  the  stock 
law,  which  has  been  in  force  since  the  1st  of  January,  1879.  The  farmer  has  no 
expense  of  fencing  his  crops  after  once  clearing  his  land,  which  amounts  to  an  al- 
most incalculable  saving.  A great  deal  of  the  lands  in  this  county  is  well  situated 
for  irrigation,  but  this  has  been  practiced  very  little  as  yet. 

FRUITS. 

All  kinds  of  fruit,  save  tropical,  do  well  in  this  county,  and  there  are  many 
fine  orchards  to  be  found  yielding  the  best  and  must  luscious  crops,  but  fruit  cul- 
ture is  in  its  infancy  in  this  section.  This  is  especially  a fine  grape  region,  and  is 
peculiarly  the  home  of  the  scuppernong.  No  grape  fails  here,  or  rather  the  grape 
crop  in  general  is  nearer  a success  than  any  other  crop.  The  muscadine  is  indi- 
genous to  this  climate  and  soil,  and  from  it  can  be  made  a very  superior  wine.  It 
is  a safe  estimate  to*say  that  $1,000  to  $1,500  per  year  can  be  made  on  one  acre  of 
land  in  this  county  properly  cultivated  in  grapes. 

EDUCATIONAL  FACILITIES. 

The  following  is  a brief  statement  of  the  educational  facilities  of  Anderson 
county:  Number  of  free  white  schools,  75;  number  of  free  colored  schools.  36 — total 
number  of  free  schools,  111.  Number  of  pupils  during  the  past  year:  white,  2.794; 
colored,  2,079 — total  number  of  pupils,  4,873.  The  public  schools  were  open  6 ^ 
months.  Average  amount  paid  per  month  to  teachers  from  public  fund,  $22.80. 
Amount  of  public  money  disbursed  during  the  year,  $11,606.87,  about  one-third  of 
which  was  paid  to  colored  teachers.  Many  of  the  white  schools  were  kept  open 
from  two  to  three  months  longer  by  private  subscription.  Of  these  schools  there 
are  six  high  schools  in  which  pupils  may  be  prepared  for  college,  one  female  col- 
lege, and  one  collegiate  institute  for  boys.  Besides  these  there  are  two  or  three  in- 
stitutions of  learning  of  high  standing  for  girls  and  young  ladies,  disconnected  with 
the  public  school  system.  From  this  exhibit  it  will  be  seen  that  none  within  the 
borders  of  our  county  need  grow  up  in  ignorance.  The  common  schools  are  so  lo- 
cated that  all  may  avail  themselves  of  a good  practical  education,  and  in  almost 
every  school  district  we  have  one  or  more  teachers  competent  to  teach  Latin,  Greek, 
and  the  higher  mathematics. 


LAND  FOR  SALE. 

It  is  safe  to  say  that  all  or  a part  of  the  lands,  improved  or  unimproved,  in  this 
section  are  for  sale  at  all  times  for  the  ready  money  at  reasonable  prices.  In  this  con- 
nection we  desire  to  say  that  we  have  given  herewith  only  some  of  the  most  salient 
facts  connected  with  the  advantages  of  Anderson  county,  and  cordially  invite  all 
who  feel  an  interest  to  test  their  accuracy  and  at  the  same  time  learn  a great  deal 
more. 

While  on  this  subject  we  desire  to  assure  all  desiring  information,  that  our  peo- 
ple are  in  no  way  disposed  to  ostracise  any  one  on  account  of  politics,  creed  or  na- 
tionality, the  assertions  of  designing  men  to  the  contrary  notwithstanding,  but  have 
at  all  times  a cordial  welcome  in  waiting  for  the  upright  and  honest  who  come 
among  us.  But  on  the  other  hand,  neither  wealth,  nor  name,  nor  any  other  cir- 
cumstance, will  induce  them  to  open  their  hearts  and  homes  to  the  disreputable  or 
unprincipled,  let  him  come  from  where  he  may,  for  experience  has  taught  us  not  to 
yield  our  substance  to  the  spoiler  nor  warm  the  viper  in  our  bosoms.  Our  people 
have  secured  a good  footing  on  the  highroad  of  progress  and  are  moving  onward, 


State  of  South  Oakoli^I. 


243 


and  they  will  gladly  welcome  all  good  men  who  desire  to  travel  the  same  road, 
either  in  company  with  them  or  to  lead  on  in  advance. 

There  are  a great  many  good  water-powers  in  the  county  some  being  utilized 
by  cotton  mills,  grist,  flour  and  saw  mills,  cotton  gins,  etc. 

MINERALS 

are  also  somewhat  plentiful  in  this  county — corundum,  mica,  graphite,  asbestos, 
amethyst,  have  been  found  in  large  quantites,  and  there  are  also  indications  of  gold, 
copper,  silver,  iron,  galena,  zinc,  talc,  beryl,  garnet,  serpentine,  manganese  and 
kaolin. 


F.  M.  HAMILTON, 

Columbia,  S.  C. 

A well  known  and  popular  South  Carolinian,  and  one  of  the  best  business  men 
of  the  State  of  his  age,  was  born  in  Columbia,  was  educated  at  the  best  schools  of 
the  Capital  city,  and  entered  the  dry  goods  store  of  Porter  & Steel,  at  the  age  of  12. 
He  was  later  several  years  with  C.  F.  Jackson,  in  the  same  line,  and  for  a few  years 
he  traveled  this  State  for  Lippencot,  Mitchell  & Co.,  jobbers  in  hats  and  caps,  Phil- 
adelphia. Mr.  Hamilton  made  himself  quite  a favorite  in  the  towns  of  the  State, 
and  when  he  took  up  business  for  C.  C.  Habenicht,  of  his  native  city,  he  proved  at 
once  an  acquisition  to  his  employer,  and  ably  serves  his  interests.  He  is  one 
of  the  best  men  to  meet  on  the  road;  is  splendid  company,  being  unobtrusive 
in  his  manner,  but  at  the  same  time  places  full  confidence  in  himself.  He  is  an 
active  member  of  the  Palmetto  Regiment,  Governor’s  Guards,  is  a leading  spirit  in 
the  Fire  Department,  promoting  its  efficiency  and  welfare.  He  ingratiates  himself 
into  the  good  will  of  his  customers,  has  a happy  and  genial  temperament,  which  has 
led  captive  host  of  friends,  and  we  might  safely  say.  few  men  are  so  capable  of 
advancing  their  employer’s  interest,  and  none  in  this  State  are  greater  favorites 
than  he. 


REPRESENTATIVE  HOUSES  AND 


— OF — 


ANDERSON,  S.  C. 


B.  F.  CRAYTON  & SOWS, 

Dealers  in  General  Merchandise. 


I),  s.  MAXWELL.  Ex  Mayor. 


It  is  a pleasure  to  record  the  business 
and  character  of  such  houses  as  the 
above,  which  have  been  so  long  engaged 
in  trade  that  an  account  of  their  opera- 
tions becomes  a part  of  the  city's  history. 
Of  such  houses  it  is  not  necessary  to 
speak  any  praise,  their  existence  is  em- 
phatic evidence  of  the  honorable  position 
they  occupy,  and  the  long  course  of  fair 
dealing  they  have  pursued,  than  could 
be  any  mere  words  of  ours. 

The  house  of  B.  F.  Crayton  & Sons  of 
Anderson  was  established  in  1842  by  Mr. 
B.  F.  Crayton.  In  ’48  it  became  B.  F. 
& T.  S.  Crayton,  and  after  the  war  as- 
sumed the  present  name.  Mr.  Crayton 
originally  started  business  on  the  west 
side  of  the  square,  and  from  ’68  to  the 
present  year  he  occupied  the  large  build- 
ing on  the  south  corner  familiar  to  all. 
The  increasing  custom  necessitating  bet- 
ter and  more  ample  accommodation,  last 
April  this  was  torn  down  and  this  hand- 


some and  spacious  edifice  was  erected. 
Thebuilding,  one  of  the  ornaments  of  the 
city,  is  a two-story  one,  27  feet  wide  and 
90  feet  long,  with  an  L 26x50  opening 
on  the  side  street.  The  stock,  which  at 
no  time  of  the  year  runs  less  than  815,000 
in  value,  comprises  everything  included 
in  the  term  general  merchandise,  dry 
and  fancy  goods,  staple  and  fancy  groce- 
ries, shelf  and  heavy  hardware  and  cut- 
lery, clothing,  hats  and  caps,  boots  and 
shoes,  agricultural  implements,  etc.  Sup- 
plies are  purchased  in  large  quantities 
from  first  hands  and  advantages  are  ob- 
tained which  are  liberally  shared  with 
customers.  They  do  one  of  the  largest 
cotton  businesses  in  town,  handling  in  a 
short  year  2,000  bales.  One  dozen  hands 
are  employed  in  the  establishment,  and 
the  greatest  system  prevails  in  manage- 
ment, The  members  of  this  prosperous 
house  are  Col.  B.  F.,  his  son,  Mr.  S.  M. 
Crayton,  and  son-in-law.  Mr.  I).  S.  Max- 
well. The  first  named,  assisted  by  his 
son,  is  engaged  in  stock  raising,  and  his 
Jersey  farm,  which  is  the  leading  one  in 
the  State,  as  the  mercantile  house  may 
well  lay  claim  to  be  the  pioneer  firm  of 
this  county,  is  noticed  separately.  Mr. 
Maxwell,  upon  whom  devolves  the  charge 
of  the  house  in  town,  is  the  present 
worthy  Mayor  of  the  city.  He  was  born 
in  lower  Pickens  12th  July.  1840.  and  at 
the  age  of  16  entered  into  business  at 
Fair  Play,  continuing  at  Pendleton.  When 
the  war  broke  out  he  volunteered  in  the 
Fourth  South  Carolina,  serving  with 
them  twelve  months.  He  was  then  with 


State  of  South  Carolina. 


245 


tlie  Palmetto  Sharpshooters  a year  and 
latterly  in  the  Hampton  Legion,  being- 
present  with  them  at  Appomattox  Court- 
house. He  returned  to  Anderson  and  be- 
came one  of  the  firm  of  B.  F.  Crayton  & 
Sons.  He  was  elected  Mayor  in  August, 
’82,  and  has  done  much  to  improve  the 
city,  a great  deal  of  new  and  necessary 
street  paving  having  been  laid  in  his  ad- 
ministration. He  has  refused  re-election. 
He  is  a shareholder  in  the  bank  and  a di- 
rector in  the  Building  and  Loan  Associ- 
ation. He  is  also  Dictator  in  the  K.  of  H. 


GENEROSTEE  STOCK  FARM. 

B.  F.  Crayton  & Sons,  Proprietors. 


Anderson,  which  has  been  called  the 
banner  County  of  the  State,  in  great 
measure  owes  its  prominence  to  the  pos- 
session of  such  institutions  as  the  above, 
and  to  the  enterprise  which  has  been  dis- 
played in  the  management  of  this  farm, 
at  once  a credit  to  the  owner  and  his 
country,  must  she  mainly  account  for 
the  precedence  that  her  products  have 
taken  in  the  exhibits  which  have,  from 
time  to  time  been  held  in  friendly  rival- 
ry between  representatives  from  the  va- 
rious districts  of  our  State. 

The  farm  is  located  two  miles  west  of 
the  city  of  Anderson.  As  we  approach  it 
from  the  town  we  see  large  fields  of  yel- 
low full-eared  corn  and  oats,  protected 
from  cold  north  winds  and  western  tor- 
nadoes by  extensive  and  thickly  wooded 
and  tall  pine  forests,  while  from  the 
south  and  east  it  enjoys  the  full  heat  of 
the  summer  sun, and  the  moist  and  gentle 
breezes  from  the  sea  and  plains  of  the 
lower  country.  Further  on  we  come  to 
great  beds  of  soft  luxuriant  clover,  and 
stretching  into  the  dim  distance,  endless 
tracts  of  long  waving  grass  and  fields  of 


new  mown  hay,  upon  which  one  might 
figuratively  say,  could  be  fed  all  the 
herds  of  Texas.  This  forest,  grain  and 
pasture  land,  is  however  a comparative 
auxiliary  to  the  farm,  upon  which  is 
raised  one  of  the  finest  breeds  of  Jersey 
cattle  in  the  South.  The  stock  being 
constantly  added  to  and  crossed  with  se- 
lections from  the  best  known  herds  in 
the  United  States,  contains  fine  butter 
and  milch  cows  and  beautiful  heifers, 
many  of  which  trace  a direct  descent 
from  the  most  noted  strains.  They  have 
taken  first  prizes  both  at  State  and  Na- 
tional Fairs,  and  are  all  alike  beautiful 
in  form  and  handsomely  marked,  none 
being  an  inferior  breed  or  record.  At 
the  head  of  the  Jersey  stock  is  the  bull, 
Esquire  McBee,  born  23d  January,  1881, 
grand-son  of  Clement  and  son  of  dam 
Clementine,  the  mother  of  the  celebrated 
Lawrence.  At  the  time  of  writing,  20th 
April,  1884,  the  bull  has  served  100 
times.  The  younger  bulls,  four  in 
number,  are  also  from  noted  prize  win- 
ners. Among  the  cows  and  heifers,  gen- 
erally about  80  or  100  in  number,  we 
note  the  progeny  of  Cylburn,  Lily  of 
G-rowville,  Duchess,  York,  Prince, 
Champion  Bex,  Jewel  Rex,  Flora  Hin- 
man,  etc.,  names  which  carry  their  own 
weight  with  them.  The  farm  also  has  a 
fine  lot  of  registered  Ayrshires.  Possess- 
ing every  virtue  that  blood  can  put  in 
them,  these  animals  receive  a care,  atten- 
tion and  training  that  few,  especially 
those  in  Northern  climates,  can  enjoy. 
The  proprietor  having  made  the  rearing 
of  stock  a life-study,  grows  and  selects 
the  very  best  of  feed  for  them,  while  the 
sanitary  and  drainage  arrangements  of 
both  grain  and  pasture  lands,  is  on  the 
most  improved  scientific  principles.  Col. 
Crayton  was  the  first  in  this  country  to 
introduce  the  tile  system  of  drainage, 
immediately  after  the  war,  and  it  has 
been  his  aim  ever  since,  not  only  to  adopt 
all  the  most  recent  plans  and  systems, 
but  to  apply  many  beneficient  inventions 
of  his  own. 

Generostee  farm  is  about  300  acres  in 
extent,  and  every  square  foot  is  utilized 
for  some  purpose.  There  are  no  spare 
tracts  in  this  wide  domain,  no  accumu- 
lations of  superfluous  dirt  or  rubbish 
around  the  extensive  yards  which  are 
kept  scrupulously  clean.  The  spring 


246 


City  of  Anderson, 


supplies  an  abundance  of  pure  water, 
and  the  whole  may  in  fact,  be  called  a 
model  farm,  not  excepting  a large  veget- 
able and  flower  garden,  a splendid  man- 
sion, poultry,  hogs  and  horses,  which 
latter  will  compete  with  any  going.  Col. 
Crayton  has  at  present  a colt,  a few 
months  old,  perfect  in  shape  and  fault- 
less, and  destined  at  no  distant  date  to 
grace  the  Saratoga  course.  He  has  also 
another  tract,  about  a mile  and  a half 
distant,  of  some  300  acres  of  pasture  and 
grazing  lands.  He  publishes  every  six 
months  a complete  catalogue  of  his  prin- 
cipal stock,  which  parties  will  receive  on 
application. 

A few  words  on  the  eventful  and  sig- 
nificant life  of  the  senior  proprietor,  who 
is  ably  assisted  by  his  son,  Mr.  S.  M. 
Crayton  will  be  appropriate.  He  was 
born  in  Greenville  in  1820,  and  came  to 
Anderson  county  when  only  18  years  old 
starting  in  life  for  himself  four  years  later. 
At  the  breaking  out  of  the  war,  he  joined 
Orrs  Rifles,  but  soon  returned  home  on 
account  of  ill  health.  From  1862  till 
1868,  he  sat  in  the  Legislature,  and  from 
1878-82,  represented  this  county  in  the 
Senate.  He  organized  the  County  Agri- 
cultural Society,  was  ten  years  its 
head,  and  also  four  years  President  of  the 
State  Agricultural  Association.  He  is  a 
Director  in  the  Edisto,  the  most  enter- 
prising phosphate  company  of  Charles- 
ton, and  also  a Director  of  the  Anderson 
Bank,  the  most  solid  monetary  institu- 
tion in  the  State.  As  a financier  and 
business  man,  the  Colonel  is  a moving- 
spirit  in  this  county,  and  a weighty  fac- 
tor in  the  general  moral,  physical  and 
material  welfare  of  its  people,  and  no 
man  to-day  fills  as  large  a place  in  the 
hearts  of  Andersonians. 


BLECKLEY,  BROWPsS  & FRET- 
WELL, 

General  Merchants. 

There  are  no  commercial  enterprises 
that  add  so  materially  to  the  wealth,  or 
make  the  credit  of  this  State  more 
sound,  than  the  few  large  firms  located, 
one  or  two  in  every  county  carrying  on  a 
general  merchandise  business.  As  these 
houses  may  be  called  the  main  factors  in 
supporting  the  high  name  South  Caro- 
lina bears  for  her  solid  and  fair  manner 


of  conducting  business,  and  her  honestv 
in  living  up  to  all  contracts  entered  into, 
so  may  this  house  be  looked  upon  as  a 
most  active  motor  in  aiding  and  advanc- 
ing the  prosperity  of  this,  the  capital  of 
the  banner  county  of  the  State.  The 
house  was  originally  established  in  March, 
1853,  as  Ingraham,  Bleckley  & Co.,  who 
were  succeeded  by  Bleckley  & Craytons. 
After  the  war  Mr.  Bleckley  was  partner 
in  the  firm  of  Fant  & Co.,  at  Pendleton, 
and  then  Sharp,  Fant  & Bleckley,  at 
Anderson,  for  some  time;  then  Bleckley 
& Evans  three  years,  S.  Bleckley  three 
years,  and  in  ’74  the  firm  became"  Bleck- 
ley, Brown  & Co.,  and  in  1882  the  pre- 
sent name  was  adopted.  The  main  build- 
ing, which  is  a central  mart  for  business 
in  town,  is  a large  two-story  brick  one 
26x120  feet  in  extent.  Here  is  a full 
stock  of  general  merchandise,  including 
dry  goods,  groceries,  hardware,  hats  and 
caps,  clothing,  boots  and  shoes,  agricul- 
tural implements,  and  farmer’s  supplies 
generally,  in  fact,  there  is  nothing  used 
by  civilized  man,  produced  or  manufac- 
tured in  any  part  of  the  known  world, 
that  cannot  be  got  here  at  market  prices. 
In  the  rear  is  a spacious,  well  built  and 
dry  shed  for  storing  heavy  goods  and 
fertilizers  of  which  they  handle  about 
700  tons  annually,  chiefly  the  old  relia- 
ble Wando  brands,  not  surpassed  in  the 
market.  They  have  also  recently  built 
a spacious  brick  structure  for  the  ac- 
commodation of  heavy  goods,  and  the 
celebrated  Studebaker  and  Tennessee 
wagons,  which  for  durability,  lightness 
and  finish  have  not  their  superior.  The 
total  flooring  is  13,500  square  feet,  and 
they  have  also  a separate  building  for 
storing  gunpowder  in  which  they  are 
agent  for  Hazard  Powder  Company,  and 
furnish  as  cheaply  as  any  in  the  Southern 
States.  They  employ  nine  hands.  The 
total  stock  will  average  from  $25,000  to 
$35,000  in  value,  and  their  transactions 
in  general  merchandise  will  run  up  to 
$100,000  annually.  In  cotton  they 
handled  in  ’82  and  ’83,  7,700  bales,  and 
in  ’83  and  ’84.  6,000  bales,  and  will  pass 
through  their  books  annually  .about  half 
a million  dollars  worth  of  merchandise. 
These  figures  speak  for  themselves  and 
convey  to  the  reader  some  idea  of  the 
importance  of  the  house  whose  trade 
ramifies  all  through  Anderson  and  the 


State  of  South  Carolina. 


247 


adjacent  counties  on  this  and  the  other 
side  of  the  Savannah  river.  The  indi- 
vidual members  of  the  firm,  Messrs. 
Sylvester  Bleckley,  E.  W.  Brown,  andJ. 
J.  Fretwell,  are  classed  among  the  ener- 
getic merchants,  and  valued  citizens  of 
this  section.  The  first  is  a native  Geor- 
gian, and  came  to  Anderson  in  A3.  He 
is  connected  with  many  of  the  largest 
enterprises  in  our  midst,  has  been  a 
director  in  the  Anderson  bank  several 
years,  and  also  in  the  railroad.  The 
second  is  a native  of  this  county,  and  as 
a member  of  the  2d  South  Carolina 
Rifles  did  good  service  for  the  Confed- 
erate cause,  being  in  Virginia  present  at 
Seven  Days  around  Richmond,  and  lat- 
terly in  this  State.  The  third  is  also 
born  in  Anderson,  and  raised  two  and  a 
half  miles  west  of  this  place  where  his 
forefathers  have  long  lived.  They  were 
among  the  earliest  settlers  in  this  county 
and  have  been  always  identified  with  the 
farming  interests.  In  conclusion,  we 
shall  add  that  intending  purchasers  will 
find  their  interests  in  no  way  better  con- 
served than  by  trading  with  this  house, 
where  they  will  find  relations  pleasant, 
profitable  and  permanent. 


THE  ANDERSON  INTELLI- 
GENCER. 

One  of  the  most  potent  county  news- 
papers in  this  State,  and  one  which  is 
not  only  closely  identified  with,  but 
most  active  in  directing  the  general  ad- 
vance and  action  of  this  county,  -was 
established  in  1860  by  Messrs.  Hoyt  & 
Co.,  succeeding  the  old  Gazette,  which 
was  the  first  newspaper  started  in  town, 
the  Pendleton  Messenger  being  the  first 
in  the  county.  The  firm  later  became 
known  as  Hoyt  & Walters, then  as  Hoyt  & 
Co.,  till  E.  B.  Murray  & Co.  took  pos- 
session in  1877.  In  1875  the  Conserva- 
tor, which  had  been  started  in  ’73  by 
Brown  & Hainey,  was  consolidated  with 
the  Intelligencer.  The  paper  is  a large 
4 page,  8 column  sheet,  26x40  inches, 
printed  in  clear,  legible  type,  and  the 
clean  press  work  reflects  credit  upon  the 
workmen,  as  the  exhaustive  digest  of 
news,  its  valuable  reading  matter  and 
weighty  editorials  proves  at  once  the 
care  devoted  to  it  by,  and  the  ability  of, 
the  editor  and  his  staff.  It  appears 


every  Wednesday  evening  and  for  four 
or  five  years  back  has  had  a regular  cir- 
culation of  over  1,900. 

The  establishment,  located  in  a new 
brick  building,  near  the  Waverly  Hotel, 
is  26x95  feet,  divided  into  printing  room 
and  offices,  provided  with  the  latest  im- 
proved machinery  and  type,  including 
Campbell  power  and  Liberty  job  presses. 
Five  printers  are  employed,  and  lawyers’ 
blanks,  bill  and  letter  heads,  advertising 
and  visiting  cards,  etc.,  is  executed.  The 
printing  room  is  under  the  charge  of  Mr. 
J.F.Clinkscales,  who  has  been  a partner 
in  the  firm  since  1869.  He  is  a native 
of  Anderson  county,  and  been  always 
in  the  printing  business  and  his  exper- 
ience in  a great  measure  has  added  to 
the  success  of  the  paper.  He  became 
connected  with  the  Southern  Rights  Ad- 
vocate in  1854,  afterwards  with  the  Ga- 
zette, and  then  with  the  Intelligencer. 
He  has  filled  the  post  of  Warden  in  this 
town. 

Mr.  E.  B.  Murray,  the  editor,  was 
born  in  Newberry,  but  his  family  almost 
immediately  removed  to  Anderson.  He 
was  educated  at  Furman,  and  later  at 
the  University  of  Virginia,  and  studied 
law  with  his  father,  being  admitted  in 
1874.  Since  then  he  has  been  practic- 
ing law  in  this  county,  latterly  as  one  of 
the  firm  of  Murray,  Breazeale  & Murray. 
He  purchased  the  Conservator  in  1874 
and  thus  became  one  of  the  editors  of 
the  Intelligencer  in  1875,  and  has  con- 
ducted it  with  the  significant  and  grati- 
fying results  we  have  already  spoken  of. 
Successful  as  Mr.  Murray  has  been  as  a 
lawyer  and  editor  it  is  especially  as  a 
legislator  distinguished  in  the  arena  of 
political  life,  that  he  has  been  marked. 
He  was  elected  to  the  State  Legislature 
in  ’78,  ’80  and  ’82,  with  a regularly  in- 
creasing majority.  In  the  House  his  name 
has  been  connected  with  the  furtherance 
of  many  measures.  He  was  chairman  of 
Privileges  and  Elections;  a member  of 
the  Judiciary  and  R.  R.  Committees, 
and  was  chairman  of  the  House  branch 
of  the  joint  committees  which  framed 
the  present  Election  Laws  of  the  State. 
He  was  on  the  special  committee  ap- 
pointed to  investigate  the  charges  of 
cruelty  to  convicts  on  the  Augusta  & 
Knoxville  R.  R.  He  was  the  author  of 
the  concealed  weapon  law  now  in  force. 


248 


City  of  Andersoh, 


of  the  local  option  and  present  license 
law,  he  took  a leading  part  during  his 
six  years  of  office  in  introducing  the  bill 
on  It.  E.  legislation,  which  was  almost 
wholly  accepted  by  the  committees  and 
adopted  by  the  House.  Mr.  Murray  is 
talented,  genial  and  courteous,  and  one 
of  the  most  popular  men  in  our  county 
to-day,  and  we  may  at  no  distant  date, 
see  him  called  upon  to  fill  still  higher 
trusts  of  greater  eminence. 


HON.  H.  G.  SCUDDY, 

Lawyer. 

Among  the  young  representative  men 
of  the  State  we  note  the  above  rising 
lawyer  and  favorite  Legislator.  Mr. 
Scuddy  was  born  in  Abbeville,  received 
most  of  his  education  at  Anderson  High 
School,  studied  law  with  Judge  Cothran 
and  was  admitted  to  the  Supreme  Court 
December  12,  ’78.  He  practiced  with 
his  preceptor  at  Anderson  till  the  latter 
was  elected  to  the  bench  in  1881.  He 
has  been  successfully  engaged  in  impor- 
tant civil  cases,  and  is  at  present  carry- 
ing on  an  issue  of  great  moment  in  the 
Supreme  Court.  It  is  the  case  of 
Chamblee  vs.  the  Savannah  Valley  Rail- 
road, County  Treasurer  and  Auditor, 
which  will  test  the  validity  of  township 
subscription  for  building  railroads,  and 
the  right  of  taxation  on  popular  vote. 
He  has  defended  six  men  accused  of  mur- 
der and  got  them  all  acquitted.  In  the 
case  of  the  State  vs.  Bradley  & Osborne 
tried  at  Walhalla  in  the  Circuit  Court, 
the  jury,  to  save  the  neck  of  the  one, 
convicted  both  of  manslaughter;  in  the 
Supreme  Court  Mr.  Scuddy  got  his  man 
Osborne  acquitted.  He  also  successfully 
defended  Arnold, who  was  indicted  on  the 
Jeff  David  case  on  circumstantial  evi- 
dence as  the  real  murderer. 

In  politics  Mr.  Scuddy  has  been  singu- 
larly fortunate  for  a man  of  his  age.  In 
’82,  when  only  23  years  old,  he  was 
elected  to  the  Legislatui’e,  being  the 
youngest  among  13  candidates.  In  the 
House  he  introduced  the  bill  which 
simplified  the  complexity  of  the  court 
calendar  system;  the  number,  before 
twelve,  has  now  been  reduced  to  three, 
one  for  the  jury,  one  for  the  court,  and 
one  for  default  cases. 

Mr.  Scuddy  was  President  of  the  State 


Y.  M.  C.  A.,  and  is  Superintendent  of 
the  M.  E.  Sabbath  School.  He  has  made 
several  weighty  speeches  throughout  the 
country,  and  for  one  delivered  at  Hart- 
well last  year  on  temperance,  in  answer 
to  one  on  behalf  of  the  liquor  party,  he 
received  the  present  of  a handsome  gold- 
headed cane  from  the  people  of  Elberton. 
Mr.  Scuddy  certainly  has  had  success; 
when  he  took  up  his  first  case  a 110  bill 
was  all  the  cash  he  owned  in  the  world, 
now  he  is  the  happy  possessor  of  a nice 
wife,  whom  he  married  in  Tyler,  Texas, 
in  August,  ’81,  and  family,  a first-class 
library,  and  withal  an  unsullied  es- 
cutcheon and  an  eminent  popularity. 


JNO.  O’DONNELL, 

Palace  Saloox. 

This  establishment,  one  of  the  most 
prominent  in  the  town  and  a leading  oue 
in  its  line,  was  established  in  1882  by  its 
enterprising  owner,  who  a year  before 
erected  the  block  on  Main  Street,  south- 
west corner  of  public  square,  50x90  feet, 
where  he  is  located,  oue  of  the  handsome 
and  substantial  buildings  of  the  city. 
The  saloon  is  conveniently  arranged.  In 
the  forepart  is  the  bar,  filled  with  the 
largest  and  best  selected  stock  of  wines, 
liquors  and  cigars,  and  in  the  rear  is  the 
billiard  room.  This  is  furnished  with 
two  pool  and  a billiard  table,  and  affords 
a good  place  for  guests  to  spend  a pheas- 
ant hour  in,  play  being  procured at  a mod- 
erate cost.  The  bar,  elaborately  and  ele- 
gautly  arranged,  contains  a stock  valued 
at  over  $3,000,  including  the  finest  im- 
ported and  domestic  wines,  leading 
brands  of  Irish  and  Kentucky  whiskies, 
best  French  brandies,  and  all  grades  of 
American  and  English  ales,  besides  selt- 
zer and  mineral  waters.  Fancy  drinks 
put  up  in  bon  ton  style,  punches,  cob- 
blers, cocktails,  smashes,  etc.  His  fa- 
mous English  'alf-and-'alf  and  Idylwild 
toddy  would  astonish  the  epicurean  Wall 
Street  tippler.  He  puts  up  also  expressly 
for  family  use  N.  C.  mountain  dew  drop 
corn  whiskey  at  $2  a gallon:  keeps  Stone 
Mountain  corn  and  Hibson's  XXXX  rye 
and  genuine  Buckingham  rye,  three  years 
old;  also  “Good  as  Gold”  Kentucky  rye. 
Mr.  O'Donnell  was  born  in  Donegal, 
Ireland,  and  arrived  in  the  United  States 
May,  1869.  He  lived  some  time  in 


State  of  South  Carolina. 


249 


Wilkesbarre,  Pa.,  and  came  to  Anderson 
in  ’73,  and  in  ’75  opened  business  as  Ken- 
nedy & O’Donnell,  afterwards  Kennedy, 
O’Donnell  & Co.  In  ’78  he  went  alone 
and  ran  two  saloons.  In  ’81  be  moved  to 
tlie  present  block.  He  employs  two  po- 
lite hands  who  are  well  up  in  their  busi- 
ness. Mr.  O’Donnell  opened  last  spring 
a place  in  Abbeville  under  the  name  of 
O’Donnell  & Cunningham.  He  is  a gen- 
tleman who  deserves  great  credit,  for 
it  is  to  such  management  as  his  that  we 
owe  the  good  moral  status  of  our  so- 
ciety. 


W.  S.  LIGON  & GO., 

Dealers  in  General  Merchandise 
and  Guanos. 

The  above  house  was  originally  estab- 
lished as  Ligon  & Hill  in  1875.  From  ’80 
till  ’82  it  was  known  as  Ligon  & Sharp, 
then  Mr.  W.  S.  Ligon  conducted  it  alone 
till  the  present  firm  was  formed  on  1st 
January,  ’84.  Since  its  inception  the 
business  has  steadily  augmented  and  the 
goods  have  gained  a standard  reputa- 
tion. The  premises,  located  in  the  pub- 
lic square,  occupy  a two-story  structure, 
24x90  feet,  well  arranged  and  adapted 
for  business.  The  stock,  averaging  $7,- 
000  in  value,  contains  a complete  list  of 
general  merchandise.  It  consists  of 
everything  in  the  line  of  staple  and  fancy 
groceries,  dry  goods,  dress  goods,  cloth- 
ing, hats  and  caps,  hardware,  cutlery, 
crockery,  agricultural  implements,  far- 
mers’supplies,  and  in  fact  everything  or- 
dinarily used  by  civilized  man.  They  do 
a business  in  guanos  of  over  250  tons, 
mostly  the  famous  soluble  Pacific,  which 
has  not  its  equal  in  the  market.  And  in 
cotton  they  handle  500  bales.  Their 
goods  retailed  at  the  lowest  market  prices 
are  guaranteed  and  sold  for  what  they 
are.  Their  engagements  necessitate  the 
employment  of  three  hands.  Mr.  W.  S. 
Ligon,  the  senior  member  of  this  flour- 
ishing house,  is  a native  of  Lexington 
county,  but  came  to  Anderson  when  only 
6 years  old.  He  has  been  identified  with 
the  progress  of  the  community  and  is  re- 
garded as  one  of  Anderson’s  most  ener- 
getic merchants  and  useful  citizens.  He 
has  been  since  ’79  Treasurer  of  the  Savan- 
nah Valley  II.  R.,  and  was  three  terms  a 
Warden  of  the  town.  He  is  a Master 


Mason  and  belongs  to  Hiram  Lodge,  No. 
68.  The  junior  partner,  Mr.  R.  S.  Ligon, 
was  born  in  this  county. 


W. 

Dealer  in  Wines,  Liquors  and 
Cigars. 

Among  the  prosperous  establishments 
in  this  town  we  note  with  pleasure  the 
“First  City  Bar,”  opened  over  7 years 
ago  by  its  enterprising  proprietor,  Mr. 
W.  I.  Drennan,  to  whom  the  city  has 
been  indebted  for  supplying  as  fine  a 
stock  of  wines  and  liquors  as  are  kept  in 
town.  The  saloon  is  25x50  feet  in  extent, 
is  conveniently  arranged  for  carrying 
on  business.  The  stock,  averaging  some 
$4,000  in  value,  contains  everthing  in 
the  line  of  first  class  foreign  and  domestic 
wines, finest  whiskies,  brandies  and  beers, 
a full  assortment  of  the  best  Cuban  and 
American  tobaccos  and  cigars,  and  all 
kinds  of  seltzer  and  mineral  waters,  from 
the  most  famous  springs  and  manufac- 
turers. The  old  “Bob  Lee”  rye  whiskey 
kept  here  is  deserving  of  special  mention, 
as  it  surpasses  anything  m the  market 
for  purity  and  quality.  In  connection 
with  the  establishment  is  a good  pool 
table  with  all  the  modern  improvements, 
affording  a pleasant  source  of  amuse- 
ments to  those  seeking  an  hour’s  pleas- 
ure. The  bar  which  in  its  management 
and  the  superior  class  of  goods  kept  does 
credit  to  the  city,  gives  employment  to 
two  competent  hands.  Mr.  Drennan  is 
a native  of  Anderson  county  and  recog- 
nized among  her  most  experienced  busi- 
ness men  and  useful  citizens,  alive  to  the 
welfare  of  the  community. 

CAPT.  JNO.  W.  DAMSELS, 

County  Clerk. 

This  is  the  name  of  one  of  the  re- 
spected citizens  and  trusted  officials  of 
Anderson.  Jno.  W.  Daniels  was  born  in 
Pickens  county,  26th  August,  1833,  and 
finished  a good  education  at  the  State 
Military  Academy,  graduating  from  it  in 
November,  1852.  He  prosecuted  the 
calling  of  surveyor  and  teacher  in  Ala- 
bama, Louisiana  and  Texas.  He  joined 
in  February,  1861,  Guinns’  Engineer 
Corps  on  Morris  Island. 

He  enlisted  in  the  same  year  in  the 


250 


City  of  Anderson, 


4th  Regiment  and  went  to  Virginia,  and 
upon  the  reorganization  was  elected  Capt. 
of  Company  L,  Palmetto  Sharpshooters, 
Jenkins’  Regiment,  and  wounded  at  the 
battle  of  Seven  Pines.  He  lay  in  the 
hospital  for  two  years,  and  when  he 
again  came  forth  found  that  he  had  sac- 
rificed the  use  of  his  left  leg  for  Southern 
rights.  Returning  home  he  was  elected 
to  the  post  of  Clerk  of  Court,  taking  his 
seat  on  11th  February,  ’65.  He  has 
been  re-elected  every  four  years  since, 
and  he  oversees  and  attends  to  the  diffi- 
cult affairs  of  the  office  with  an  exact- 
ness and  precision  which  few  can  imi- 
tate, and  a knowledge  that  none  can 
have.  Mr.  Daniels  is  also  engaged  in 
mercantile  business  and  runs  a farm  in 
the  county.  He  belong  to  the  I.  0.  0. 
F.  and  the  K.  of  H. 


MAJOR  W.  W.  HUMPHREYS, 

Master  in  Equity. 

One  of  the  most  popular  of  Anderson’s 
citizens,  was  born  in  this  county  Octo- 
ber 30,  1837.  He  graduated  from  Centre 
College,  Danville,  Kentucky,  in  1857, 
and  pursued  the  study  of  law  with 
Young  & Simpson,  at  Laurens,  and  was 
admitted  in  1860.  He  edited  the  Intel- 
ligencer for  some  time,  and  at  the  out- 
break of  the  civil  war  at  once  volunteered 
in  the  4th  South  Carolina,  serving  12 
months,  three  as  Lieutenant  and  nine 
as  Captain;  then  was  appointed  Major 
of  the  Palmetto  Sharpshooters,  Jen- 
kins’ Brigade  and  was  wounded  at 
Frasers  farm  in  the  left  lung.  The 
Major’s  record  as  a soldier  was  brilliant 
as  His  success  as  a lawyer  and  politician 
has  been  pronounced  and  decisive.  He 
was  elected  Commissioner  in  Equity  in 
’65,  remaining  till  the  office  was  abolished 
in  ’68,  when  he  was  elected  Probate 
Judge,  which  post  he  filled  till  1882,  de- 
clining re-election,  and  was  chosen  to  his 
present  position.  He  is  President  of  the 
Savannah  Valley  Railroad.  He  was  In- 
tendant  of  the  town  in  ’78,  and  made  a 
good  Mayor.  In  the  same  year  he  was 
appointed  Brigadier-General  of  Militia, 
and  in  ’80,  Major-General.  He  is  also  a 
Mason,  and  in  December,  ’83,  was  chosen 
Grand  Master  from  the  Grand  Lodge  of 
the  State. 


M.  P.  TRIBBLE, 

County  Treasurer. 

The  post  of  County  Treasurer  of  An- 
derson is  at  present  filled  by  one  who  has 
shown  himself  possessed  of  those  quali- 
ties of  honesty  and  business  talent  neces- 
sary to  make  a good  and  trusted  officer. 
Mr.  Tribble  was  born  in  Laurens  county 
27th  August,  1840,  and  was  raised  on  a 
farm  and  prosecuted  planting  till  three 
years  ago  when  he  was  called  and  elected 
to  this  position.  He  took  office  on  the 
22d  January,  ’81,  and  ivas  re-elected  in 
’83  unopposed. 

In  the  war  Mr.  Tribble  rendered  ser- 
vice to  the  Confederate  cause  in  Vir- 
ginia, first  in  the  Third  South  Carolina 
Infantry,  Kershaw’s  Brigade,  for  twelve 
months,  being  in  ’62  detailed  as  a scout, 
and  at  the  close  was  with  the  Seventh 
Cavalry  in  Gary’s  famous  Brigade.  He 
was  made  Colonel  of  militia  in  ’76,  which 
post  he  still  holds.  In  politics  he  is  one 
of  the  county’s  most  solid  friends.  He 
was  President  of  the  Belton  Democratic 
Club  several  years,  was  delegate  to  the 
State  Convention  of  ’82,  and  is  on  the 
County  Executive  Committee.  He  is  a 
member  of  the  Sons  of  Temperance. 


THOMAS  CHARLTON  LICON, 

Probate  Judge. 

The  above  official,  well  and  favorably 
known  to  the  people  of  this  section,  was 
born  at  Sandy  Run,  Lexington  county, 
30th  August,  1859,  and  received  his  ear- 
ly education  at  the  country  schools.  He 
studied  law  in  the  office  of  Gen.  IV.  IV. 
Humphreys,  and  has  since  conducted 
considerable  practice  in  all  the  Courts  of 
the  State,  except  the  Probate.  He  was 
elected  Probate  Judge  in  1882,  and  has 
during  his  term  of  office,  performed  the 
responsible  duties  incumbent  upon  him 
with  credit  to  himself  and  the  gratifica- 
tion of  an  appreciative  constituency.  He 
was  formerly  five  years  Clerk  to  the 
Town  Council,  and  is  one  of  the  most  ac- 
tive members  of  the  Democratic  Club. 
The  Judge  is  an  agreeable  gentleman  to 
have  dealings  with,  attentive  to  all  mat- 
ters submitted  to  his  care,  and  is  also 
Master  Mason  and  member  of  Hiram 
Lodge,  Xo.  68. 


Stats  oe  South  Carolina. 


251 


j as.  h.  McConnell, 

Sheriff. 

"Was  bom  in  this  county  November  13, 
1828.  He  was  raised  on  his  father's  farm 
and  continued  planting  and  farming  for 
himself  till  1856,  when  he  was  appointed 
Deputy  Sheriff,  which  position  he  occu- 
pied till  1876,  when  he  was  elected  to 
his  present  post.  Mr.  McConnell  pos- 
sesses the  qualities  necessary  for  making 
an  efficient  officer,  and  has  performed 
the  duties  incumbent  on  this  trust  as  few 
other  men  in  the  country  could.  In  the 
late  war  he  served  as  Orderly  Sergeant  in 
Orr  Rifles,  and  was  present  in  most  of 
the  big  fights  Jackson’s,  afterwards  A. 
P.  Hill’s  corps,  was  engaged  in.  From 
’66  to  ’75,  Captain  McConnell  was  United 
States  Deputy  Marshal.  He  has  always 
been  a member  of  the  Democratic  club 
of  this  county  and  carries  considerable 
weight  with  him  in  the  community. 


W.  F.  BARR, 

De\ler  in  General  Merchandise, 
Cotton,  Guano,  Etc. 

This  house,  one  of  the  best  known  in 
town,  was  established  in  1868  as  W.  F. 
Barr  & Co.,  the  two  other  partners  being 
W.  B.  and  W.  G.  Wffitson.  These  were 
succeeded  by  Barr,  Watson  & Co.,  D.  S. 
Watson  being  the  third  partner,  and  that 
again  by  Barr  & Fant,  which  firm  gave 
place  to  Barr  & Co.,  J.  F.  and  W.  D. 
Brown  being  the  second  and  third  part- 
ners. In  ’81  this  firm  dissolved  and  Mr. 
Barr  continued  alone,  increasing  his 
transactions,  which  in  an  average  year 
amount  to  $35,000,  and  sometimes  run- 
ning much  higher.  The  premises  which 
he  has  occupied  since  he  first  started  are 
on  Granite  Row,  No.  10,  and  consist  of 
a two-story  building,  24x120  feet  in  ex- 
tent, well  arranged  and  adapted  for  the 
business.  The  stock  of  general  merchan- 
dise running  from  $6,000  to  $14,000  in 
value  according  to  the  season,  contains  a 
full  line  of  everything  included  under 
the  comprehensive  terms  foreign  and  do- 
mestic dry  goods,  fancy  goods,  clothing, 
notions,  hats  and  caps,  boots  and  shoes, 
staple  and  fancy  groceries,  shelf  and 
heavy  hardware,  saddles  and  bridles, 
crockery,  china  and  glassware,  bagging 
and  ties,  etc.  A business  of  about  1,000 
bales  is  done  in  cotton  in  an  average 


year  and  in  fertilizers  over  150  tons. 
Three  hands  are  employed.  Mr.  Barr 
was  born  in  Anderson  town  and  was 
raised  on  a farm  till  21  years  old.  In  the 
war  he  served  in  the  Fourth  South  Caro- 
lina inVirginia  and  latterly  in  Trenholm’s 
Squadron,  and  at  the  close  in  Haskell’s 
South  Carolina  Cavalry.  He  was  War- 
den of  the  town  a year,  ’76  and  ’77,  and 
is  also  a Master  Mason  and  K.  of  H., 
and  few  men  stand  as  high  in  mercan- 
tile and  social  circles. 


THE  NATIONAL  BANK  OF 
ANDERSON 

Was  incorporated  in  1873,  and  under  the 
able  management  of  its  officers  has  had  a 
successful  career.  Its  capital  and  surplus 
fund  is  invested  in  loans  to  farmers 
mostly  in  small  sums,  and  are  first-class 
securities,  in  which  it  has  scarcely  sus- 
tained a loss  since  the  beginning. 

The  following  is  the  statement  on  1st 


April,  1884: 

Resources, 

United  States  bonds $ 50,000 

Other  bonds 34,674 

Loans  and  discounts 154,617 

Furniture  750 

Due  from  National  Banks 23,814 

Redemption  fund  with  United 

States  Treasurer . -r  2,250 

Cash 38,104 

Liabilities. 

Capital  stock $ 50,000 

Surplus-fund 50,000 

Undivided  profit 34,507 

Circulating  notes 45,000 

Deposits 122,187 

Dividends  unpaid 2,515 


Shares  $100.00,.  selling  at  $225.00. 

This  fall  the  institution  has  erected  a 
handsome  building  on  the  site  of  Mr. 
Crayton’s  old  store  in  the  public  square. 
It  is  25x60  feet  in  dimensions,  two-story 
with  a stone  vault  and  time-lock  safe. 
The  President  is  Jos.  N.  Brown;  cashier, 
J.  A.  Brock;  assistant  cashier,  B.  F. 
Mauldin,  who  have  all  been  with  the  in-' 
stitution  since  its  commencement.  The 
Board  of  Directors  consists  of  President 
and  Cashier,  iiLJJledki-ev,  BrHiVUrayton, 
O.  H.  P.  Fant,  Geo.  W.  Fant,  and  J.  W. 
Norris,  all  gentlemen  prominent  in  the 
State,  who  enjoy  the  reward  of  knowing 


City  of  Anderson, 


2 o2 


that  the  bank  is  regarded  as  one  of  the 
soundest  and  most  reliable  monetary  in- 
stitutions in  the  State. 

Colonel  Brown  was  born  in  this  county 
in  1832.  He  studied  law  with  Colonel 
S.  II.  Irby,  at  Laurens,  and  was  admitted 
1858.  He  practiced  in  Laurens  till  the 
war  when  he  entered  the  14th  as  Captain, 
laier  being  promoted  to  the  Colonelcy  of 
the  Regiment,  which  was  in  Jenkins’, 
afterwards  A.  P.  Hill’s,  corps.  He  was 
wounded  at  Gainesville,  Gettysburg,  and 
2d  Manassas,  and  was  captured  at  Peters- 
burg. Peace  returned  he  settled  in  An- 
derson where  he  has  since  continued  the 
practice  of  law.  Among  the  many  cases 
he  has  conducted  we  note  that  of  Pelzer, 
Rodgers  & Co.  vs.  Campbell,  establishing 
the  liability  of  married  persons  on  con- 
tracts as  a surety,  reported  in  15th 
South  Carolina.  Colonel  Brown  has  al- 
ways been  a factor  promotive  of  the  pub- 
lic welfare,  and  has  founded  institutions 
that  are  a pride  to  his  county  and  State. 

W.  S.  BROWN, 

One  of  the  well  known  lawyers  of  this 
town,  was  born  in  Anderson,  1 1th  Octo- 
ber, 1848,  studied  law  with  Reed  & 
Brown,  and  later  at  the  University  of 
Virginia,  being  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1869.  He  was  out  in  Texas  a few  months 
and  has  since  practiced  his  profession  in 
Anderson,  with  a degree  of  success  most 
gratifying  to  himself  and  his  many  cli- 
ents. At  16  he  entered  the  State  militia. 
In  1872  and  1873  he  edited  the  Conser- 
vator, which  he  sold  to  the  Intelligencer 
Company.  Apart  from  immediate  busi- 
ness, Mr.  Brown  is  an  active  politician, 
and  one  of  the  ascendent  members  of  the 
Democratic  party  in  this  section  of  the 
State,  and  in  1874,  was  delegate  to  the 
Convention  for  the  nomination  of  Gen. 
McGowan.  He  was  formerly  partner  in 
the  firm  of  Featherstmie  & Brown,  and 
has  been  one  of  the  firm  of  Brown.  Trib- 
ble & Brown,  since  September,  1882.  As 
a business  man  he  gives  prompt  atten- 
tion to  his  patrons’  interests  and  in  pri- 
vate life  has  a large  circle  of  friends. 

J.  L.  TRIBBLE, 

Lawyer. 

The  above,  one  of  the  successful  law- 
yers of  Anderson  was  born  in  Abbeville 


county,  24tli  October,  1848.  He  was  en- 
gaged in  farming  till  ’69,  and  clerked 
till  the  fall  of  ’70,  when  he  entered  the 
Greenville  High  School.  In  fall  of  ’71 
entered  Furman  University,  and  after  3 
months  left  college  to  accept  a county 
school.  He  then  studied  at  Richmond 
College,  Virginia,  first  year  took  an 
academic  and  next  the  law  course,  grad- 
uating B.  L.  in  1874.  In  the  winter  of 
’74,  Judge  Reed  having  been  elevated  to 
the  bench,  being  a warm  friend  of  Mr. 
Tribble’s,  gave  him  access  to  his  valuable 
library  and  requested  him  to  take  care  of 
his  office  and  thus  he  applied  himself  to 
the  study  of  the  code  and  general  stat- 
utes. In  February,  ’75,  he  received  his 
first  case,  and  in  July,  ’76,  formed  a part- 
nership with  Jas.  L.  Orr.  till  August, 
’80,  since  when  he  has  been  associated 
with  < ‘ol.  Jos.  N.  Brown,  the  firm  doing 
one  of  the  largest  practices  in  upper 
South  Carolina.  Mr.  Tribble  is  recog- 
nized as  a lawyer  devoted  to  his  clients. 
He  is  a member  of  the  Masonic  Order, 
Master  and  R.  A.,  and  is  generally  pop- 
ular throughout  the  county,  where  his 
reputation  both  in  public  and  private  life 
is  of  the  highest. 


M.  B.  ARNSTEIN, 

New  York  Cash  Store. 

Among  the  prosperous  houses  in  this 
county,  who  have  gained  a reputation 
based  on  the  merits  of  their  goods  is  the 
above,  established  in  1875,  as  Arnstein 
& Rose.  It  later  was  run  by  M.  L.  Rose 
several  years,  and  in  January,  1884,  its 
present  owner,  who  had  been  interested 
in  the  house  since  1879,  became  proprie- 
tor. He  has  continued  not  only  to  sup- 
port the  old  prestige  of  the  house,  but 
by  offering  advantages  to  the  public  that 
formerly  they  had  no  experience  of  has 
increased  his  patronage  and  extended  his 
trade,  not  alone  over  Anderson,  but 
through  the  counties  of  Abbeville,  Oco- 
nee, Pickens  and  Greenville,  The  store 
in  Granite  Row  is  25x120  feet,  two  sto- 
ries, is  the  nicest  arranged  and  prettiest 
place  of  business  in  town.  The  stock, 
valued  at  some  $20,000,  includes  fine 
foreign  and  domestic  dry  goods,  silks, 
satins,  fancy  dress  and  gents  furnishing 
goods,  sheetings  and  drillings.  Paris  and 
New  York  fashions  in  ladies’  suits  and 


State  of  South  Carolina. 


253 


cloaks,  ladies  boots  and  shoes  from  the 
best  Northern  factories,  in  sizes  suitable 
for  all;  newest  styles  in  clothing;  latest 
patterns  in  hats  and  caps,  etc.  In  the 
millinery  department,  Mr.  Arnstein 
keeps  three  hands  constantly  at  work 
and  manufactures  and  keeps  in  stock  a 
line  of  goods  which  for  taste,  beauty  and 
style,  are  par  excellent.  These  are  ele- 
gantly displayed  on  the  various  table  and 
show  cases,  giving  customers  every  op- 
portunity of  examining  the  goods.  Mr. 
Arnstein  employs  six  hands  in  the  store, 
and  he  conducts  business  on  cash  prin- 
ciples, which  enables  him  to  undersell 
other  houses.  He  has  an  office  in  New 
York  city,  at  335  Broadway,  Charles  M. 
Rose,  and  goes  twice  a year  to  that  mar- 
ket to  make  purchases.  He  is  a native 
of  Westphalia,  where  he  was  born  18th 
December,  1858,  and  came  to  the  United 
States  when  15  years  old.  He  lived  some 
time  in  New  York,  and  later  in  life  was 
west  in  Kansas  City.  He  came  to  An- 
derson in  1879.  He  is  quite  an  accom- 
plished gentleman,  talking  all  the  mod- 
ern languages  with  fluency  and  rivals  the 
best  on  the  zithern  and  piano.  He  is  a R. 
A.  Mason,  Hiram  Lodge,  and  his  estab- 
lishment is  the  first  of  its  kind  in  this 
county. 


A.  P.  JOHNSTONE, 

Dentist. 

The  dental  profession  in  Anderson  is 
well  represented  by  the  above  popular 
practitioner,  who  was  born  in  Chester 
raised  in  Newberry  but  has  passed  most 
of  his  life  in  Anderson.  He  studied  two 
years  at  Philadelphia  Dental  College 
graduating  in  1875.  He  practiced  in 
Newberry  three  years  and  came  to  An- 
derson in  ’78,  where  he  has  since  con- 
ducted a growing  business.  His  rooms 
located  in  the  public  square,  McCully 
Block,  up-stairs,  are  nicely  furnished  and 
fitted  with  modern  instruments  and  im- 
provements for  the  business.  The  doc- 
tor’s work  invariably  give  satisfaction, 
and  he  has  established  his  name  as  a suc- 
cessful and  quick  operator.  He  is  a mem- 
ber of  the  State  Dental  Association  and 
has  been  its  corresponding  secretary 
since  1879,  and  is  likewise  ex-secretary 
of  the  Hiram  Lodge  of  Masons. 


THE  ANDERSON  JOURNAL. 

The  above  newspaper  is  the  successor 
of  the  Sun,  established  in  1875  by  Mr. 
Belcher,  and  commenced  its  career  in  the 
memorable  campaign  of  1876,  the  firm 
then  being  Belcher  & Earle.  Later  it 
was  known  as  Earle  & Todd,  and  for 
several  years  A.  S.  Todd  conducted  it 
alone,  till  the  present  firm  was  formed, 
who  have  increased  its  importance  till  it 
now  exercises  influence  in  this  county, 
where  its  circulation  reaches  625.  It  is 
a neatly  printed  four  page  sheet,  seven 
columns,  24x36  inches  in  size,  containing 
a good  digest  of  the  latest  news  and 
much  interesting  reading  in  its  columns. 
The  establishment  is  provided  with  first- 
class  material  in  the  way  of  jiresses,  type, 
etc.,  and  four  hands  are  employed.  The 
enterprising  owners  and  editors  of  this 
go-ahead  journal,  Messrs  A.  S.  and  R.  R. 
Todd,  are  natives  of  Anderson,  and  take 
a leading  place  in  the  community  as  use- 
ful and  worthy  citizens.  The  former 
was  local  editor  of  the  Nortli-Georgia 
Citizen,  in  Dalton  ’73  to  ’75,  and  from 
’78  to  ’82,  Journal  Clerk  of  the  House  of 
Representatives,  and  from  ’80  to  '84, 
Committee  Clerk  in  Congress,  and  gain- 
ing that  parliamentary  experience  fitting 
him  for  a Representative  to  any  Legisla- 
tive body.  The  latter  published  from 
’72  to  ’75  the  Pickens  Sentinel.  He  is 
a Mason,  Hiram  Lodge,  Burning  Bush 
Chapter,  Wynn  Council,  Past  Grand 
Principal  Conductor  of  Works  of  Grand 
Council  of  South  Carolina,  and  Grand 
Representative  of  Grand  Council  of 
Ohio,  in  South  Carolina  Grand  Council; 
also  been  Worthy  Patriarch  in  the  Sons 
of  Temperance  Order. 


GEORGE  E.  PRINCE, 

Lawyer. 

Among  the  younger  members  of  the 
bar  in  this  section  of  the  State  the  above 
takes  a prominent  place.  He  was  born 
in  Abbeville  county  24th  February,  1855, 
and  graduated  from  Wofford  College  in 
1876.  He  then  became  Professor  at  Wil- 
liamston  Female  College.  In  1880  he 
left  here  and  commenced  the  study  of  law 
in  Greenville  with  Wells  & Orr  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1881.  He  then 
commenced  practice  in  Anderson,  and 
now  enjoys  no  inconsiderable  business. 


254 


City  op  Anderson. 


Of  the  many  cases  entrusted  to  his  care 
he  has  only  lost  one  civil,  and  has  had 
for  such  a young  practitioner  unexam- 
pled success,  lie  attends  to  business 
with  promptness,  and  gives  special  atten- 
tion to  making  collections.  In  1882  he 
was  delegate  to  the  State  Convention.  Is 
a K.  of  H.,  being  Assistant  Dictator  of 
the  Anderson  Lodge.  As  a thinker  he 
carries  weight  and  possesses  a thorough 
understanding  of  the  requirements  of  the 
public.  lie  is  candidate  for  the  Legis- 
lature this  fall. 


J.  S.  FOWLER, 

Sale,  Exchange  and  Livery  Stable. 

Among  the  concerns  in  this  county  we 
note  the  above,  which  since  coming  into 
the  hands  of  its  present  proprietor  in 
1881,  succeeding  T.  -J.  Leak,  has  been 
greatly  increased  in  importance.  The 
stable  has  twenty  stalls  and  the  sheds  in 
the  rear  can  accommodate  some  fifty 
mules  besides  cattle.  Over  four  hundred 
breeding  and  work  stock  are  handled  an- 
nually and  about  four  hundred  beeves, 
hogs,  etc.,  are  shipped  to  Columbia  and 
Charleston.  In  the  stock  of  horses  are 
all  varieties  and  the  mules  are  selected 
from  healthy  breeds.  There  are  also  on 
hand  Columbus  buggies.  Six  stablemen 
are  employed.  Mr.  Fowler  is  also  owner 
of  the  Waverly  Hotel,  which  affords  the 
only  accommodation  for  strangers  in 
town.  The  building  is  located  in  the 
public  square;  the  dining  room,  parlor 
with  a good  piano,  and  twenty-two  sleep- 
ing rooms  are  located  on  the  second  floor, 
and  the  large  number  of  boarders  testifies 
to  its  convenience.  Mr.  J.  S.  Fowler 


has  these  establishments  under  his  per- 
sonal supervision;  he  has  also  in  the 
county  three  farms  of  1,500  acres  which 
he  rents  out.  He  is  a native  of  Chero- 
kee, Ga.,  and  came  to  Anderson  in  1874, 
and  is  regarded  as  one  of  its  enterprising 
men. 


FRIERSON  & MATTfSON, 

Attorneys  at  Law. 

This  young  and  prosperous  firm,  es- 
tablished only  some  two  years  ago,  is 
already  doing  a successful  and  increas- 
ing business.  The  individual  members 
of  the  firm  are  Mr.  W.  II.  Frierson  and 
Mr.  Jno.  S.  Mattison.  The  first  is  a na- 
tive of  Marion  county  and  educated  at 
Carolina  Collegiate  Institute,  Anderson 
county.  He  graduated  from  Erskine 
College  in  1878  and  immediately  became 
Principal  of  Union  Academy  and  latterly 
assistant  in  Carolina  Institute.  He 
studied  law  with  John  B.  Moore  of  this 
town  and  vras  admitted  to  practice  in  this 
State  at  the  May  term  of  Supreme  Court 
in  1883.  He  is  Clerk  of  the  Board  of 
County  Commissioners.  His  partner  is  a 
native  of  Anderson  county  and  was  edu- 
cated in  Abbeville  and  finished  at  Wof- 
ford in  June,  '81.  He  studied  in  the 
office  of  Scuddy  & Simpson  and  was  ad- 
mitted in  December,  '82,  and  ably  de- 
fended Joe  Brooks,  accused  of  murder, 
and  got  him  acquitted  on  plea  of  self- 
defence.  He  is  a Past  Worthy  Patri- 
arch of  the  Sons  of  Temperance.  They 
are  both  members  of  the  Democratic 
Club  and  active  in  promoting  all  mea- 
sures which  tend  to  advance  the  public 
good. 


ORANGEBURG,  S.  C 


Orangeburg,  the  county  seat  of  Orangeburg,  South  Carolina,  is  on  the  east 
bank  of  the  north  Edisto  river,  79  miles  from  Charleston,  on  the  line  of  the  South 
Carolina  Railway.  It  is  on  the  same  level  of  elevation  as  Columbia  (52  miles  fur- 
ther 1ST.  W. ) above  the  sea,  and  has  a climate  more  mild  than  the  Capital  city,  both 
in  winter  and  summer.  During  the  heated  terms,  when  the  thermometric  range 
marked  93,  95,  97  degrees  as  reported  at  Augusta,  Ga.,  Charleston  and  Greenville, 
S.  C.,  and  99  and  101  degrees  as  given  at  Cincinnati  and  St.  Louis,  the  range  at 
Orangeburg  never  passed  91  degrees,  and  the  debilitating  and  destructive  effects  of 
the  heat  elsewhere  caused  oppresiveness  and  withdrawal  from  exposure  here,  to  se- 
cure comfort  rather  than  safety  from  sunstroke.  The  ranges  at  and  below  Zero,  so 
common  in  Greenville  and  further  north,  are  not  known  in  Orangeburg.  Ice  and 
snow  are  not  novelties,  yet  the  appearance  of  one  or  both  is  occasional,  with  a short 
life  to  either.  This  mildness  of  climate  may  be  ascribed  to,  first  a heavy  pine  tim- 
bering all  the  way  from  the  extreme  western  Barnwell  and  Lexington  boundary; 
to  the  railroad  cut  passing  directly  through  the  city  and  conducting  a draught  of 
ocean  breeze  towards  sunset,  and  to  the  openness  of  its  settlements,  most  of  which 
huve  large  areas  of  yard  enclosures.  The  winter  winds  are  moderated  by  the  same 
surroundings  which  produce  shade  and  coolness  in  summer.  In  a word,  the  opin- 
ion of  those  suffering  from  lung  affections  is  favorable  to  Orangeburg  as  a most  de- 
sirable sanitarium,  barring  the  bare  objection  that  as  yet  no  direct  effort  has  been  put 
forth  to  entertain  the  invalid  in  search  of  health.  This  suggests  a most  valuable 
and  lucrative  field  for  some  practiced  caterer.  The  oldest  inhabitant,  (Hon.  T.  W. 
Glover)  now  at  the  remarkable  age  of  ninety,  informed  the  writer  that  he  had  never 
known  of  a case  of  malignant  fever  originating  on  the  line  of  the  railroad  avenue  at 
Orangeburg,  and  that  it  were  impossible  for  such  to  occur,  as  the  railroad  cut  was 
a great  drain,  at  once  drawing  off  the  fall  of  water  and  the  atmosphere  was  purified 
of  any  lurking  taint  by  the  profuse  discharge  of  smoke  from  passing  trains.  Dur- 
ing the  cholera  epidemic,  and  repeated  scourges  of  yellow  fever  at  Savannah, 
Charleston,  Norfolk  and  Portsmouth  an  endemic  case  may  have  been  seen,  but  no 
foothold  or  spread  of  disease  was  made. 

Before  railroads  were  opened  up  and  travel  was  confined  to  private  equipages, 
the  tourists  from  Charleston,  in  order  to  avoid  the  swamp  miasma  and  fevers  so  com- 
mon to  an  undrained  lowland,  sought  to  gain  Orangeburg  in  a day’s  ride  between 
rise  and  set  of  sun.  To  effect  this,  eight  or  ten  families  would  station  their  carriages 
at  intervals  between  the  two  points  of  eight  or  ten  miles  apart.  By  fast  driving  and 
change  of  vehicle  at  each  relay,  Orangeburg  (distant  70  miles)  was  gained  in  the 
given  time.  Each  set  of  horses  performing  not  over  twenty  miles  in  the  distance 
going  and  returning.  This  was  repeated  until  all  the  tourists  had  been  brought  to- 
gether, then  the  carriages  were  assembled  and  the  cavalcade  proceeded  at  leisure  to 
the  mountains.  Orangeburg  was  known  then  as  the  “first  land  wave.”  General 
D.  J.  Jamison  alluded  to  Orangeburg  as  a resort  for  health,  always  basing  his 
opinion  on  the  assertion,  “the  absence  of  moss.”  So  great  was  the  effect  made  in 
days  of  slow  stages  of  travel  on  the  minds  of  strangers,  that  the  sight  of  moss  gave 
rise  to  the  remark,  “the  curtains  of  death.”  The  water  is  from  wells  averaging  30 


256 


City  op  Orangeburg, 


feet  depth.  No  mineral  properties  are  observed.  The  population  is  at  the  last 
census  2,350,  and  gradually  increasing.  Of  this  there  is  a proportion  of  ^ colored 
people. 

The  outlets  for  exports  are  the  South  Carolina  Railway,  which  affords  two  pas- 
senger trains  each  daily  from  and  to  Charleston,  Augusta  and  Columbia,  and  two 
regular  freight  trains,  the  Southern  Express,  the  Edisto  for  raft  navigation,  and  the 
Santee,  (the  E boundary  line),  with  its  line  of  steamers,  which  convey  to  and  from 
Charleston  freights  for  localities  adjacent  and  such  as  may  be  distributed  for  con- 
venience by  the  merchants  of  Orangeburg  among  their  patrons  that  way. 

The  nearest  approach  to  the  settlement  of  Orangeburg  is  fixed  at  1735.  (See 
Howe’s  History,  Chap.  II.)  “A  trader,  Henry  Sterling,  had  located  and  obtained  a 
grant  on  Lyon’s  Creek  in  1704,  but  it  was  not  until  1735  that  this  portion  of  the 
province  had  any  considerable  number  of  whites.”  The  South  Carolina  Gazette 
says:  “On  Sunday  last  two  hundred  Palatines,  most  of  them  being  poor,  were 
obliged  to  sell  themselves  and  their  children  for  their  passage,  (which  is  six  pistoles 
in  gold  per  head),  within  a fortnight  of  the  time  of  their  arrival,  or  else  to  pay  one 
pistole  more  to  be  carried  to  Philadelphia.  The  most  of  them  are  farmers  and  some 
tradesmen.  About  two  hundred  and  twenty  of  the  Switzers  that  have  paid  their 
passages  are  now  going  up  the  Edisto  to  settle  a township  there.  The  government 
defrays  them  on  their  journey,  gives  provisions  for  one  year,  and  fifty  acres  a head. 
* * These  persons  became  the  first  settlers  in  Orangeburg  township,  which  had 

been  laid  out  in  a parallelogram  of  fifteen  miles  by  five  on  the  North  Edisto,  and 
was  called  Orangeburg  in  honor  of  the  Prince  of  Orange.”  The  religious  views  of 
the  settlers  are  denominated  “Calvinists  of  the  Helvetic  Confession,  and  Presby- 
terian in  Church  Government.”  John  Ulrich  Giessendanner,  the  Minister  of  these 
settlers,  registered  marriages,  births,  deaths  and  baptisms  in  German.  He  died  in 
1738;  his  successor  and  nephew  continued  to  record  in  German  until  1760,  after 
which  he  united  with  the  Church  of  England.  Mrs.  Mary  Russell  held  a grant 
dated  November  13th,  1739,  for  four  hundred  and  fifty  acres  of  land  near  Fort 
Motte.  She  was  the  widow  of  Charles  Russell  and  died  in  1754,  aged  55  years, 
having  lived  twenty-six  years  in  Amelia,  in  Orangeburg  district.  This  shows  that 
the  section  between  the  Edisto  and  Congaree  was  being  settled  simultaneously.  The 
German  colony  remained  and  prospered  here.  The  names  of  the  first  settlers  are 
perpetuated  in  a numerous  progeny,  living  to-day  and  bearing  the  family  names 
familiar  to  1735. 

The  history  of  this  people  is  allied  with  religious  and  civil  commotions,  har- 
rassing  and  trying,  yet  with  the  patience  of  the  Protestant  German  and  the  forti- 
tude of  the  race  they  are  found  contending  firmly,  yet  without  boastfulness,  against 
encroachments  of  their  liberties. 

The  revolution  of  the  colonies  found  the  German  settlers  ready  to  resist  tyranny, 
and  all  over  the  district  was  a changeful  camp,  while  the  town  was  almost  during  the 
entire  war  a garrison  for  one  or  the  other  army.  Near  the  river  a fort  was  main- 
tained covering  the  river  bridge  and  the  road  from  the  opposite  quarter.  The  can- 
non then  effectively  used  are  now  hitching  posts  at  the  street  corners.  Further  on  in 
narrative  we  will  particularize  some  military  events  in  the  history  of  Orangeburg.  An 
account  dated  at  Potsdam,  March  18,  1752,  says:  “The  country  is  55  miles  long  and 
its  greatest  breadth  is  30  miles.  * * A line  running  one  mile  below  the  town  of 

Orangeburg  separates  the  rolling  from  the  level  lands.  * * * Lime  is  found  in 

various  combinations.”  The  North  Edisto  with  the  South  Edisto  audits  tributaries 
furnish  extensive  water  power  for  saw  and  grist  mills.  “Of  the  former  there  were 
in  1852  52  on  the  North  Edisto  and  as  many  on  the  South,  cutting  15,000,000  feet  of 
sawed  lumber,  worth  $200,000.  Lime  is  quarried  seven  miles  east  of  Orangeburg 
town.  It  is  used  for  cement  and  the  making  of  indigo.”  In  1831,  by  a report  made 
in  reply  to  inquiries  from  Europe,  it  was  ascertained  that  900  acres  were  planted  in 
indigo,  producing  27.000  pounds.  Since  1870  the  cultivation  of  indigo  has  been  su- 
perseded by  cotton,  the  latter  paying  better  per  acre  and  having  been  found  to  be 
less  exhaustive  to  the  soil. 


State  of  South  Cakoliha. 


257 


THE  DRAMA  OF  HISTORY— VOLUNTEERS  IN  CIVIL  WAR  OF  1861-65— 

INCIDENTS  OF  THE  WAR, 

A glimpse  at  the  “drama  of  history”  tells  of  Parker’s  death  near  Orangeburg. 
After  the  fall  of  Charleston  in  1780  the  country  swarmed  with  cruel,  treacherous 
Tories.  Every  treaty  tending  to  honorable  warfare  seemed  to  be  ignored  by  the 
British  and  a horrible  partisan  struggle  went  on.  Man  met  man  at  sword  point  and 
pistol  muzzle;  the  quickest  escaped.  Small  detachments  depredated  and  slaugh- 
tered, and  yet  bold  spirits  clung  to  the  distant  hope  of  liberty.  Capt.  Jacob 
Rumph,  after  Gen.  Rumph,  was  in  command  of  a troop  of  cavalry  raised  to  protect 
the  neighborhood.  Capt.  R.  was  a giant  in  stature  and  a fearless  man.  He  was  re- 
turning from  Charleston  with  two  wagons  of  produce  which  were  driven  by  a Dutch- 
man, one  Houselighter,  himself  being  mounted  on  a stout  horse.  He  was  suddenly 
accosted  by  three  Tories  near  a large  pond.  They  were  all  well  armed  and  mounted, 
as  also  was  the  Captain.  A short  parley  took  place  across  the  pond,  when  the  To- 
ries quickly  left.  The  wary  Captain  felt  insecure.  He  at  once  divested  himself  of 
his  outer  clothing,  left  it  where  it  could  be  seen  and  entered  the  deep  swamp  near 
by.  Here  he  tethered  his  horse  and  by  a circuitous  way  escaped.  Meanwhile  the 
three  Tories  returned  with  a British  troop  of  twenty  men  under  Lieut.  Parker. 
They  found  the  wagons  and  poor  Houselighter.  Capturing  this  much  they  sur- 
rounded the  swamp,  but  to  no  effect.  Capt.  Rumph  reached  home  and  began  to 
collect  his  troop.  The  next  day  he  returned  to  the  scene  of  his  adventure.  He  was 
told  that  the  enemy  were  in  camp  and  unprepared  for  the  attack.  He  made  a sud- 
den dash  and  the  British  fled  in  consternation.  Lieut.  Parker,  their  leader,  was 
singled  out  by  Lieut.  Wannamaker  of  Rumph’s  troop.  Both  were  well  mounted — 
both  sat  a firm  saddle.  The  woods  echoed  the  clatter  of  hoofs,  the  crack  of  the  pis- 
tol, the  shout  of  the  pursuers.  On  dashed  Parker,  fast  followed  Wannamaker. 
Passing  under  a tree  the  Englishman  looked  back.  A limb  struck  him  and  threw 
him  and  saddle  to  the  off  side,  yet  he  rode  on  defiantly.  At  last  the  saddle  girth 
parted  and  Parker’s  horse  began  to  flag.  “Surrender  !”  shouted  Wannamaker. 
Parker  rode  on.  “Parker,  halt  or  I’ll  kill  you,”  again  called  out  the  American. 
Parker  heeded  not,  and  a pistol  bullet  buried  in  his  body  from  Wannamaker’s  pis- 
tol rolled  him  a corpse  on  the  ground. 

There  still  stands  the  redoubt  held  by  the  English  in  front  of  the  Rebecca 
Motte  mansion,  which  kept  the  patriots  at  bay.  There  is  still  to  be  seen  the 
cannon  shots  that  pierced  the  Belville  mansion.  The  patriotic  lady  placed  an  In- 
dian’s bow  with  arrows  saturated  with  turpentine  in  the  hands  of  the.  American 
officer,  with  which  to  set  fire  to  the  roof  of  her  house.  This  done,  the  English 
retreated.  After  the  battle  of  Camden,  Lord  Rawdon  having  learned  of  the  cap- 
ture of  the  Fort  Motte  garrison  (165  men)  by  Marion  and  Lee,  and  the  further 
disasters  in  the  reductions  of  Granby,  Orangeburg  and  Augusta  by  the  patriots,  in 
which  1,100  prisoners  were  taken,  moved  towards  Charleston.  Orangeburg  then 
had  a short  respite  of  repose  only.  Rawdon  again  occupied  the  post  in  his  conflicts 
with  Gen.  Greene.  An  incident  is  related  of  Col.  Thompson,  of  Forte  Motte, 
commanding  at  the  northern  end  of  Sullivan’s  Island.  He  rode  all  day  of  the  26th 
June,  from  the  island  to  his  plantation,  about  ninety  miles,  arranged  his  affairs, 
returned  on  the  27th.  fought  all  of  the  28th,  and  seemed  to  bear  his  fatigue  well. 

During  the  civil  war,  1861  to  1865,  Orangeburg  furnished  her  full  quota  of 
volunteers.  The  names  of  Glover,  Dantzler  and  Keitt,  each  a Colonel  falling  at 
the  front,  are  luminous  with  conspicuous  heroism.  General  D.  J.  Jamison,  a noble 
representative  of  Southern  nurture  and  chivalry,  as  also  a cultivated  writer,  died 
.during  the  war  in  bureau  service.  All  over  the  red  fields  of  Virginia,  the  rugged 
hills  of  the  West,  and  on  the  coast  her  thirteen  hundred  volunteers  were  in  line. 
During  Sherman’s  march  from  Georgia,  he  was  halted  at  the  Edisto  for  two  days 
by  a section  of  artillery  and  a few  hundred  muskets.  He  crossed  and  left  his  foot- 
prints in  a scene  of  general  desolation.  The  business  part  of  the  town  was  put 


258 


City  of  Orangeburg, 


to  the  torch.  Sherman  said:  “The  owners  do  not  care  for  the  dwellings  they  desert, 
I am  not  anxious  to  protect  them.” 

All  unoccupied  dwellings  were  gutted  and  destroyed, and  in  the  case  of  Mrs.  I). 
B.  Whaley,  (a  sister  of  Col.  Keitt,)  who  refused  to  give  her  wines  to  the  Federal 
soldiers  and  destroyed  the  liquor  instead,  her  house  was  burned  while  she  was  an 
occupant  with  her  helpless  children.  Mrs.  Ilanscome  Legare  and  her  sister  Mrs. 
Julia  Glover,  went  from  room  to  room  following  the  incendiaries,  who  had  saturated 
the  bed  clothing  with  kerosene,  and  this,  too,  on  the  same  day  when  all  of  Mrs.  Le- 
gare’s  property,  (Mrs.  Legare  was  a refugee  at  the  time,)  houses  and  furniture  had 
been  destroyed  in  another  part  of  the  town,  as  a result  of  the  indiscriminate 
burning. 

BISING  FROM  TIIE  ASHES— GREAT  FIRE— MUNICIPAL  GOVERNMENT 

—BUSINESS. 

At  the  close  of  the  war  Orangeburg  made  a fortunate  start  again  for  life.  The 
railroad  was  intact,  within  a few  miles  of  the  town,  affording  connection  with 
Charleston.  The  entire  line  of  railroad  from  the  point  where  Sherman  crossed 
above  to  Columbia,  and  above  Columbia  towards  Newberry,  was  torn  up  or  so 
destroyed  in  sections  that  transportation  was  forced  upon  wagon  teams.  The  .en- 
gines had  been  damaged  or  worn  out  and  needed  repairs.  The  world  was  starving 
for  cotton,  and  high  prices  were  offered  for  the  rescued  stock  in  the  South.  The 
impoverished  condition  of  the  people  forced  them  to  put  what  cotton  they  had  on 
the  market.  For  the  space  of  three  months  a continuous  train  of  cotton  wagons 
rolled  into  Orangeburg,  where  gold  was  exchanged  for  the  staple.  These  wagons  were 
re-filled  with  merchandise  and  sent  back  to  the  upper  counties.  A pile  of  cotton  bales 
covering  about  three  square  acres  awaited  moving.  Old  army  ambulances  and  faded 
army  horses  were  put  in  service  for  stage  lines.  Comfort  was  a secondary  consider- 
ation. A gap  of  devastated  country  lay  between  Orangeburg  and  the  G.  & C.  R.  R. 
section.  War  had  ceased.  Trade  was  resuming  its  clamorous  hum,  and  with  re- 
newed energy,  every  substitute,  no  matter  how  poor, was  seized  to  bridge  difficulties. 
The  rude  means  available  were  set  up  like  fury  masts  upon  a dismasted  ship.  It 
was  no  rare  sight  to  see  a one-armed  or  one-legged  ex-Confederate  in  ragged  gray 
uniform,  playing  Jehu  to  travelers.  The  pauper  gentleman  made  light  of  his  mis- 
fortunes as  he  earned  his  bread  by  hard  labor.  The  impetus  given  to  trade  rebuilt 
several  stores  in  town,  and  when  the  railroad  finished  its  track  to  Columbia,  Orange- 
burg was  left  rehabilitated  and  self-sustaining. 

A disastrous  fire  in  1875  destroyed  8125,000  worth  of  property.  The  frame 
structures  were  replaced  by  brick.  Since  which  the  fire  department  has  been  re- 
organized and  is  now  composed  of  one  steamer,  one  hand  engine,  and  one  first-class 
truck.  Cisterns  are  judiciously  placed  for  water  supply.  The  incorporation  of 
1884  vests  the  government  in  a Mayor  and  Board  of  Aldermen.  The  Mayor  has 
judicial  powers  to  try  all  violations  of  city  ordinances.  The  charter  forbids  the 
issuing  of  bonds  or  borrowing  moneys  for  city  purposes.  There  are  between  forty 
and  fifty  store  buildings,  in  most  part  occupied,  and  the  commercial  credit  of  its 
merchants  rates  well.  The  firm  of  Bull  & Scoville,  general  dealers  and  bankers, 
has  existed  with  the  same  executive  head  for  thirty  years,  and  commands  a credit 
estimated  at  8200,000.  Mr.  Geo.  H.  Carnelson  has  been  in  business  here  since  1865, 
and  handles  more  goods  than  any  other  house.  He  is  rated  to  be  worth  8150.000. 
Rents  vary  from  twelve  to  fifty  dollars  per  month  for  stores.  The  style  of  dwellings 
is  above  the  usual  class  found  in  interior  towns.  Small  cottage  built  houses  are  to 
be  had  at  from  ten  to  fifteen  dollars.  The  annual  sales  of  groceries  may  be  put  at 
8175,000;  fertilizers,  875,000;  cotton,  8600,000;  (of  14,000  bales  bought,  11.000 
bales  are  shipped,  the  remainder,  3,000  bales,  is  used  in  the  factory.)  The  staple  of 
cotton  grades  middling.  Liverpool  class.  Sales  of  boots  and  shoes.  810.000:  hard- 
ware, 835,000;  dry  goods,  8160,000:  clothing.  828,000:  drugs  and  medicines,  paints 
and  oils,  825,000;  carriages,  buggies  and  wagons,  815,000.  To  this  may  be  added 
the  sales  of  horses  and  mules,  which  will  reach  820,000,  making  an  aggregate  busi- 


State  of  South  OAROthtfA. 


25§ 


ness  for  the  city  of  $1,043,000.  The  sales  of  spirituous  liquors  was  stopped  on  De- 
cember 31st,  1884,  by  a popular  vote  provided  for  by  State  statute.  An  attempt 
to  re-open  this  trade  will  be  made  with  expiration  of  present  prohibition.  The 
census  of  Orangeburg  town  in  18G6  was  between  900  and- 1,000.  The  latest  census, 
as  previously  stated,  shows  an  increase  in  eighteen  years  of  about  240  per  cent.  The 
population  is  mostly  engaged  in  merchandising,  except  the  negroes,  who  follow  trades 
and  labor.  The  voters  are  4 white,  4 colored.  There  are  here  located  three  private 
Academies,  with  some  200  scholars.  There  is  one  public  school  for  white  children 
with  60  scholars,  one  for  colored  children  with  100  scholars.  The  “Claflin  Univer- 
sity and  State  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  College,”  is  located  here. 

The  State  of  South  Carolina  furnishes  annually  $5,500  for  its  support,  and  it 
is  acknowledged  to  be  the  best  colored  training  school  south  of  Oberlin.  In  addi- 
tion to  this  it  is  endowed  by  the  “Slater  Fund,”  to  assist  its  mechanical  clepart- 
ment.  The  negroes  have  also  four  neat  church  buildings,  and  have  recently  put  up 
a 2-story  building,  at  a cost  of  about  $1,000,  for  a graded  school.  The  whites  have 
church  edifices  for  the  Presbyterians,  Episcopalians,  Methodists,  Lutherans,  and 
Baptists.  The  courthouse  is  a handsome  building  of  red  brick  and  metal  roof.  It 
cost  $35,000,  and  was  erected  to  replace  the  courthouse  destroyed  by  Sherman.  The 
town  is  supplied  with  the  telephone,  and  its  streets  lit  with  kerosene  post  lanterns. 

The  area  of  the  county  is  about  1,100  square  miles,  or  650,000  acres,  f of  which 
is  under  cultivation,  the  remainder  is  in  forest  and  swamp.  The  surface  is  undu- 
lating. In  the  St.  Matthew’s  section  it  becomes  hilly  and  there  is  a rich  red  clay 
soil  of  most  remarkable  fertility  for  cotton  and  grain.  These  clay  lands  are  not 
easily  had  at  prices  less  than  $30  per  acre.  Other  lands  value  at  from  $6  to  $20. 
The  negroes  rent  them  eagerly,  being  sure  of  a good  support,  even  with  their 
slovenly  style  of  tillage.  The  crops  are  mainly  cotton,  next  corn,  oats,  peas, 
potatoes,  rye  and  turnips.  There  is  no  month  in  the  year  in  which  some  plant- 
ing cannot  be  done.  The  forest  trees  are  pine,  oak,  hickory,  elm,  walnut,  ma- 
ple, cedar,  poplar,  cypress,  dogwood,  locust,  ash,  etc.,  etc.  The  river  fish  are 
of  superior  quality,  and  ponds  are  numerous  in  which  carp  are  being  success- 
fully bred. 

The  average  harvest  of  cotton  is  700  lbs.  in  seed  per  acre, 20  bushels  of  corn,  15 
of  wheat,  25  of  oats,  15  of  rye,  100  of  Irish,  and  from  100  to  400  of  sweet  potatoes. 
Bice  is  cultivated  where  lowlands  permit. 

The  rates  of  taxation  are  for  State  and  city  not  exceeding  18  mills;  i.  e.,  State 
and  county  12  mills,  city  tax  6 mills.  This  tax  covers  the  back  indebtedness  (Badical 
stealage),  poor  fund,  school  appropriation,  and  for  executive,  legislative,  judicial, 
penal  and  charitable  funds.  This  tax  is  collected  in  two  instalments  if  so  de- 
sired. 

The  crop  of  cotton  of  Orangeburg  county  is  estimated  for  1884  at  28,000  bales, 
worth  over  $1,000,000;  the  rosin  and  turpentine  exports  are  estimated  at  $65,000; 
the  rice  crop  at  $30,000;  the  lumber  business  at  $75,000.  Corn,  fodder,  peas 
and  wheat  are  grown  only  for  home  consumption.  The  crop  of  oats  for  1884 
will  be  sold  (after  supplying  home  demand)  at  $5,000.  The  county  is  abundantly 
supplied  with  water  power. 

The  assessed  value  of  property  is  about -f  its  held  value.  That  is,  an  owner 
may  rate  his  property  at  100  and  assess  it  at  75.  The  equity  of  this  is,  in  the  fact, 
that  farm  property  is  worth  at  least  this  difference  to-  the  owner  above,  the  value 
that  a casual  purchaser  might  jray  for  it  as  an  investment.  The  prices  of  town  lots 
average,  say,  $400  per  acre.  On  the  business  centre  lots  bring  handsome  prices 
as  high  as  $65  to  $70  per  running  foot.  There  is  a constant  tendency  to  improved 
implements  of  agriculture.  The  introduction  of  steam  for  farm  work  is  largely  in- 
creasing. The  whistle  of  a score  of  engines  may  be  heard  of  a calm  morning' in  any 
direction. 

It  has  been  suggested  repeatedly  that  a bank  at  Orangeburg  would  be  both  profi- 
table and  convenient.  On  this  subject  there  is  much  doubt.  The  convenience  is 
beyond  question,  the  profit  rather  doubtful.  A bank  to  be  profitable  must  have  a 


260 


City  of  Orangeburg. 


large  deposit  account  and  a field  for  safe  loans.  The  business  here  will  not  admit  of 
a deposit  account  sufficiently  large  to  do  a profitable  discount  business.  There  is  a 
small  margin  for  exchange  only,  and  with  the  facilities  of  express  and  postal  orders 
even  this  is  a mere  item.  In  giving  a general  sketch  of  a county  so  large  and  a city 
so  promising,  the  question  is  asked  again,  “What  would  develop  your  city  more  and 
help  your  county?”  It  may  safely  be  answered,  hold  its  trade  against  its  being  cap- 
tured by  other  places.  To  do  this  we  want  a branch  road  running  towards  the  San- 
tee river  east  and  a fork  running  towards  the  Congaree  north.  This  road  would  in- 
tervene between  the  Santee  river  and  stop  a volume  of  trade  worth  at  least  §200,000 
from  going  to  Charleston.  The  distance  is  so  great  from  the  eastern  part  of  the 
county  that  the  planters  are  forced  to  ship  cotton  by  steamer  to  Charleston,  whereas 
a branch  road  would  bring  the  planters  and  his  crops  to  Orangeburg,  where  lie  could 
trade -and  return  home  on  the  same  day;  now  he  waits  often  ten  days  for  his  return 
sales  of  crops.  The  cost  of  this  branch  road  would  not  exceed  §1,550  per  mile  for 
25  miles,  say  §23,250.  There  is  little  grading  or  trestling  to  be  done.  One  small 
engine,  one  coach  and  two  box  cars  would  be  equipment  sufficient  to  run  the  enter- 
prise. It  would  largely  sustain  itself,  and  would  at  once  add  20  per  cent,  to  the 
business  and  to  the  values  of  real  estate..  The  S.  ('.  Railway  Company  in  order  to 
control  the  Santee  cotton  trade  would  subscribe  rails  and  labor  to  forward  the  work. 
Other  enterprises  await  the  power  of  capital.  Experience  and  money  can  find  a 
field  here  as  fields  are  elsewhere  found.  Our  woods  are  ready  for  the  axe  and  turn- 
ing lathe;  our  water  streams  flow  idly  inviting  the  turbine  wheel.  What  is  needed 
is  surplus  money.  It  is  not  here.  A people  recovering  as  these  have  done  in  nine- 
teen years  from  a war  that  left  its  people  utterly  bankrupt,  have  accomplished  ail 
that  was  to  be  expected  in  being  to-day  so  prosperous  and  self  sustaining. 

The  county  contains  four  principal  towns,  viz:  Orangeburg  (the  county  seat), 
population  2,350;  Forte  Motte,  population  130:  Bianch ville,  population  575,  and 
St.  Matthews  with  a population  of  300.  The  census  of  1870  showed  a county  popu- 
lation of  24,896,  that  of  1880  showed  a population  of  41,395.  The  population  at 
this  writing  (1884,  September,)  is  put  at  43,700  for  the  county. 


REPRESENTATIVE  HOUSES  AND  PROMINENT  MEN 


— op — 

ORANGEBURG,  S.  C. 


HON.  GEO.  W.  BRUNSON, 

Mayor. 


Was  born  in  Colleton,  February  26, 
1847,  was  raised  in  Beaufort,  and  at  the 
age  of  16  joined  the  Beaufort  Artillery, 
commanded  by  Captain  Stephen  Elliott — 
afterward  Brigadier-General—  attached 
to  Rhett’s  Battalion.  He  was  engaged 
mostly  in  his  native  State,  was  once  ca}> 
tured  and  recaptured  from  the  enemy, 
and  when  peace  came  he  settled  in 
Greenville  and  was  many  years  salesman 
with  Ferguson  & Miller.  In  ?73  he  came 
to  Orangeburg  and  entered  the  house  of 
Geo.  H.  Cornelson,  as  salesman;  he  was 
soon  promoted  to  the  post  of  bookkeeper 
which  post  he  was  in  seven  years.  He  is 


now  looking  after  the  interests  generally 
of  this  large  and  flourishing  establishment 
having  in  its  employ  over  200  hands  ex- 
emplifying in  this  charge  mature  busi- 
ness tact  and  sagacity.  In  politics  Mr. 
Brunson  has  always  taken  a leading  part. 
He  was  Vice-President  of  the  Demo- 
cratic club,  and  at  various  times  delegate 
to  county  conventions,  and  to  the  State 
military  convention  of  June,  ’83.  He 
was  elected  Alderman  in  '81,  and  at  the 
expiration  of  his  term,  was  on  Septem- 
ber 11,  ’83,  elected  Mayor.  He  has 
reached  in  this  capacity  the  most  salient 
expectations.  By  a popular  \ole  the 
prohibition  bill  was  passed  in  January, 
-'84  and  this  he  is  rigidly  enforcing  car- 
rying out  the  wishes  of  his  constituency. 
He  is  Captain  of  the  Edisto  Rifles,  is  a 
Mason,  King  of  the  Eureka  Chapter, 
member  of  Shibboleth  Lodge,  and  also  a 
Trustee  of  the  K.  of  H.  Personally  he 
is  possessed  of  those  qualities  which 
make  and  attach  friends,  and  is  emi- 
nently fitted  for  this  the  most  responsible 
trust  the  citizens  of  Orangeburg  can 
accord. 

GEO.  H CORNELSON, 

General  Merchant  and  Proprietor 
of  the  Orange  Cotton  Mill. 

It  is  a matter  for  congratulation,  that 
while  the  South  becomes  more  a manu- 
facturing country,  she  possesses  men  ca- 
pable of  carrying  on  large  undertakings, 
for  it  is  only  upon  an  extensive  scale  that 
the  transforming  of  that  staple  product 
of  her  soil — raw  cotton — into  more  mar- 


266 


City  of  OrangebuEG, 


ketable  commodities,  can  be  profitably 
attained.  Such  an  one  in  our  State  is 
Mr.  Geo.  H.  Cornelson,  of  Orangeburg. 
The  mercantile  branch  of  his  well  known 
establishment  was  opened  immediately 
after  the  war,  the  name  then  being  Cor- 
nelson, Cramer  & Miller;  afterwards  Mr. 
Miller,  and  later  Mr.  Cramer  retired, 
leaving  the  senior  partner  sole  owner. 
The  store  which  was  burned  to  the 
ground  and  re-erected  in  1875,  is  a hand- 
some brick  structure,  with  a large  dou- 
ble front  on  Russell  street,  about  150  feet 
in  depth.  It  is  a central  business  mart 
in  the  city,  and  is  stocked  with  a full 
line  of  general  merchandise,  including 
everything  in  the  line  of  general  hard- 
ware, the  most  improved  agricultural 
implements  and  their  fittings,  every  va- 
riety of  tinware,  foreign  and  domestic 
dry  goods,  all  styles  in  clothing,  boots, 
shoes,  hats  and  caps,  and  a select  stock 
of  staple  groceries.  The  goods  are  most- 
ly obtained  direct  from  the  makers,  and 
will  amount  in  value  to  over  $40,000. 
The  store  is  conveniently  adapted  to  the 
requirements  of  the  large  trade  necessi- 
tating the  employment  of  ten  competent 
salesmen  and  two  office  clerks;  at  the 
head  of  the  store  is  Mr.  W.  A.  Metts, 
late  of  Yorkville. 

Mr.  Cornelson  is  also  agent  for  all 
kinds  of  guanos  and  fertilizers. 

The  Orange  Cotton  Mill,  covering 
some  tlii’ee  acres  of  ground  in  the  rear 
of  the  store,  was  started  in  1882,  on  a 
capital  of  $125,000,  solely  owned  by  Mr. 
Cornelson.  The  mill  consumes  about  50 
bales  of  cotton  weekly,  and  turns  out  in 
the  same  time,  20,000  pounds  yarn  and 
various  thicknesses  of  twine,  which  are 
principally  sold,  and  have  gained  a rep- 
utation for  superior  quality  in  the  mar- 
kets of  the  North  and  West.  The  fac- 
tory was  first  started  with  1,200  spindles, 
which  number  has  lately  been  increased 
to  4,200;  it  gives  employment  to  over 
one  hundred  operators.  Following  the 
raw  cotton  from  the  warehouses,  which 
have  a storage  capacity  of  3,000  bales, 
we  enter  the  room  where  the  staple  is 
prepared  by  four  lappers  for  the  carding 
machines,  50  in  all.  Next  come  seven 
railway  heads,  five  sections  and  joins, 
eleven  speeders,  twenty  spinning  frames, 
six  pullers,  eleven  twisters  and  finally, 
the  finished  twine  is  wound  off  on  twelve  § 


reels.  It  is  in  the  last  room  wound  into 
balls  and  made  into  forms  suitable  for 
freighting;  here  is  also  a press,  by  the 
use  of  which  expense  is  greatly  saved  in 
carriage.  The  machinery  is  the  latest 
pattern,  and  the  engine  employed  as 
driving  power,  is  150  horse,  made  by 
Wright,  of  Newburg,  N.  Y.  The  entire 
mill  is  lit  by  elecricitv,  the  light  machine 
being  a 100  incandescent  maxim.  In  the 
yard  an  artesian  well,  six  inches  in  bore, 
is  being  sunk — it  is  over  300  feet 
down,  and  will  supply  the  whole  town. 
The  manufacturing  branch  has  been  for 
two  years  managed  by  Mr.  W.Y.  Rounds, 
of  New  York. 

Mr.  Cornelson  is  a native  of  Hanover, 
and  came  to  the  United  States  in  1864. 
In  the  following  year  he  came  South  and 
was  immediately  chosen  Mayor  of  the 
town,  and  was  afterwards  Alderman; 
from  1866  to  1870,  he  was  United  States 
Commissioner.  Apart  from  his  becom- 
ing the  most  enterprising  capitalist  in 
our  midst,  he  has  at  all  times  taken  an 
active  part  in  measures  introduced  for 
the  public  interest.  Personally,  he  is 
very  popular,  and  is  at  all  times  ready  to 
assist  those  who  may  call  upon  him  for 
sustenance,  and  to  aid  disinterestedly  all 
who  may  seek  his  advice. 


BULL  & SCOVILL, 

General  Merchants  and  Insurance 
Agents,  Cotton  and  Fertilizers.  * 

By  a careful  examination  of  the  com- 
mercial facilities  enjoyed  in  the  several 
sections  of  this  State,  we  find  that  the 
house  of  Messrs.  Bull  & Scovill  is  en- 
titled to  a place  in  the  front  rank.  The 
most  solid  house  in  Orangeburg  county, 
it  has  for  now,  going  on  to  a half  cen- 
tury, exercised  a salutary  influence  upon 
local  trade  and  industry.  The  firm  was 
established  in  1842,  as  "Case,  Bull  & C'o., 
in  1857  the  name  was  changed  to  Bull, 
Scovill  & Co.,  in  1865  it  became  known 
as  Bull,  Scovill  & Pike,  and  in  ’76  the 
final  change  was  made  to  the  present 
style  of  Bull  & Scovill,  a name  not  only 
familiar  to  the  residents  of  this  and 
neighboring  counties,  but  well  known 
throughout  South  Carolina  and  adjoin- 
ing States,  as  well  as  the  principal  centres 
of  the  North  and  West. 

The  house  was  formerly  situated  in  the 


State  of  South  Carolina. 


267 


lower  part  of  the  town,  and  since  the 
war  has  occupied  its  present  premises, 
80  feet  by  250  in  extent  on  the  corner  of 
Russel  and  Courthouse  Square.  The 
main  store  is  a substantial  two-story 
frame  structure,  30  feet  by  80,  the  rest 
of  the  ground  being  covered  with  com- 
modious cotton  and  guano  storage  sheds, 
stables,  etc. 

This  house  first  conducts  a general 
business  in  merchandise,  their  stock  in 
this  line  averaging  some  $30,000  in  value, 
embracing  the  multitude  of  articles 
known  under  the  comprehensive  heads 
of  groceries,  dry  goods,  fancy  goods, 
tinware  and  hardware,  crockery  and 
glassware,  agricultural  implements,  and 
farmers’  supplies  generally.  In  fact, 
there  is  nothing  in  the  wide  domain  of 
merchandise  that  cannot  be  obtained 
here  at  market  prices,  and  this  fact  be- 
comes apparant  to  any  one  visiting  the 
house,  which  is  a central  mart  for  trade 
in  the  town.  As  cotton  merchants,  a 
branch  of  business  commenced  by  them 
in  1857,  they  make  liberal  advances  on 
liens  to  farmers  mostly  in  this  county, 
and  handle  from  4,000  to  6,000  bales  ac- 
cording to  the  season.  Standard  ferti- 
lizers and  guanos  they  have  dealt  in  since 
1866,  their  trade  in  this  direction  reach- 
ing some  1,200  tons  annually.  They 
likewise  transact  a large  collection  busi- 
ness and  the  first  fire  and  life  insurance 
agents  started  in  the  county;  they  repre- 
sent the  New  York  Underwriters  Agen- 
cy, the  Germania,  (Fire),  of  New  York, 
and  the  Hartford  Fire  Insurance  Com- 
pany, Hartford,  Connecticut.  The  firm 
has  been  entirely  successful  in  acquiring 
the  confidence  of  a large  number  of  cus- 
tomers, in  the  various  lines  of  business 
they  follow,  and  we  only  reflect  the  pub- 
lic sentiment  in  saying,  whoever  may 
form  relations  with  them  will  realize  and 
appreciate  the  strict  integrity,  correct 
business  methods  and  quomptness,  which 
characterize  them  in  all  their  transac- 
tions. Socially,  Mr.  M.  A.  Bull  and  Mr. 
W.  N.  Scovill,  are  also  popular.  The 
former  is  a native  of  Connecticut  and 
came  South  in  1842.  He  was  unani- 
mously elected  by  colored  and  white,  In- 
tendant  of  his  adopted  town  in  the  mili- 
tary regime  after  the  war,  and  having 
greatly  succeeded  in  reducing  order  out 
of  chaos  was  re-elected  to  the  position. 


During  his  reign  Orangeburg  became  an 
incorporated  city,  receiving  its  charter 
May  31,  1871.  Mr.  Scovill  is  a native  of 
New  York,  and  came  South  to  Orange- 
burg in  ’51.  He  was  four  years  in  the 
house  of  S.  Beach,  and  three  years  with 
Case,  Bull  & Co.,  and  in  ’58  became 
partner  in  the  firm.  In  the  2d  South 
Carolina  Artillery  he  served  the  Confed- 
eracy twelve  months.  The  business  gives 
employment  to  ten  obliging  assistants 
and  two  wagons  are  used  for  county 
trade. 


DR.  J.  G.  WANNAMAKER, 

Druggist  and  Pharmacist,  Russell 
Street. 


A well  conducted  establishment  for 
the  sale  of  medicines  and  drugs,  and  the 
compounding  of  physicians’  and  family 
prescriptions,  such  as  that  of  Dr.  J.  G. 
Wannamaker,  is  invaluable  to  a commun- 
ity. The  business  was  started  25th 
April,  1874,  as  J.  G.  Wannamaker  & 
Co.,  E.  J.  Oli veras,  Dr.  W.’s  preceptor 
being  the  partner.  This  gentleman, 
much  respected  in  the  community,  met 
his  death  the  next  year  by  a fall  from  the 
roof  of  his  residence — now  occupied  by 
Congressman  Dibble — after  it  had  been 
gutted  by  fire.  On  19th  June,  ’75.  Dr. 
Wannamaker,  now  alone,  moved  to  a 
site  opposite  his  present  one,  and  this 
year  he  erected  the  handsome  brick 
structure,  20x85  feet,  he  now  occupies. 
It  is  fitted  in  most  modern  style,  elegant 
show  cases,  soda  founts,  etc.,  and  has  a 
well  appointed  laboratory.  The  stock 
contains  a full  line  of  strictly  pure  drugs 
and  chemicals,  druggists’  sundries, 
perfumery,  toilet  articles,  etc.,  and  all 
standard  proprietary  medicines.  The 
Doctor  is  a native  of  Orangeburg,  and 
received  his  license  from  the  State  in 
1872  and  in  March,  ’74,  graduated  M.D. 
from  the  Charleston  Medical  College. 
He  manufactures  German  cologne  and  a 


268 


City  of  Orangeburg, 


a camomile  tonic  which  have  a standard 
reputation. 

Occupying  a prominent  position  in  the 
trade,  and  highly  regarded  by  a large 
circle  of  patrons,  Dr.  Wannamaker  well 
deserves  the  high  standing  he  holds. 

BANKS  & SMITH, 

Rice  Mills. 

Among  the  rice  mills  of  South  Caro- 
lina that  of  Messrs.  Banks  & Smith  of 
Orangeburg  holds  a prominent  place. 
The  present  firm  have  been  carrying  on 
the  establishment  since  12th  Decem- 
ber, 81,  when  they  succeeded  J.  Strauss 
& Co.  The  mill,  a two  and  a half 
story  frame  building,  50x50  feet,  has  a 
daily  capacity  of  twenty  barrels.  It  is 
provided  with  six  powerful  Brother- 
hood’s pestles  and  two  Mclnlay’s,  besides 
the  other  machinery  used  in  the  milling 
of  rice,  the  whole  driven  by  a 45-horse 
power  engine.  The  total  ground  cov- 
ered is  some  125x135  feet,  there  being  a 
number  of  storehouses  and  sheds  ar- 
ranged for  the  expeditious  manipulation 
of  large  quantities  of  rice,  the  firm  pass- 
ing through  their  mill  in  an  average  sea- 
son about  3,000  barrels.  Twelve  to  thir- 
teen workmen  are  employed  and  two 
wagons  are  kept  in  constant  use.  The 
firm  are  also  extensive  dealers  in  Caro- 
lina rice,  and  their  trade,  yearly  increas- 
ing, extends  throughout  South  and 
North  Carolina.  They  pay  the  highest 
market  prices  for  rough  rice  and  offer 
clean  grain  any  grade,  any  quantity,  at 
prices  which  defy  competition.  The 
members  of  this  firm,  Mr.  Hugh  R. 
Banks  and  Mr.  T.  Ogier  Smith,  are  both 
native  Charlestonians.  The  first  was  en- 
gaged as  Quartermaster  in  the  Confede- 
rate service.  Mr.  Smith  was  formerly 
about  thirteen  years  with  the  S.  C.  R. 
R.,  and  just  before  coming  here  Mr. 
Banks  was  also  with  the  same  railroad. 
They  occupy  a leading  position  in  mer- 
cantile life,  and  Mr.  Banks  is  Vice-Presi- 
dent of  the  Orangeburg  Fire  Engine 
Company  and  Mr.  Smith  Engineer  to  the 
same. 


HENRY  KOHN, 

Dry  Goods,  Clothing,  Shoes,  Etc. 
This  store  was  opened  by  its  enterpris- 
ing owner  in  1878,  ranks  as  one  of  the 


leading  in  its  line  in  town.  The  prem- 
ises, 28  feet  by  80,  centrally  located  on 
Russell  Street,  are  well  adapted  for  the 
business.  The  stock,  averaging  from 
$15,000  to  $20,000,  embraces  everything 
in  the  way  of  foreign  and  domestic  dry 
goods,  dress  stuffs,  including  fine  silks, 
velvets  and  brocades,  to  material  of  com- 
mon and  medium  grades;  notions,  trim- 
mings and  fancy  articles,  gloves,  hosiery, 
shawls,  table  linen,  etc.  Also  ready- 
made clothing  for  gents’  and  boys’  wear, 
at  all  prices;  shoes  in  the  most  fashion- 
able styles,  suitable  for  ladies’,  men’s  and 
children’s  feet.  Mr.  Kohn  also  deals 
extensively  in  sewing  machine  s.  his  spe- 
cialty in  this  direction  being  the 


The  best  proof  of  its  unparalleled 
success  is,  that  in  four  years  over 
300  have  been  sold  by  him,  not  a 
single  complaint,  and  all  give  perfect 
satisfaction.  He  is  agent  for  But- 
terick’s  well  known  metropolitan  pat- 
terns. There  are  employed  in  connec- 
tion with  the  store,  ten  obliging  assist- 
ants. The  proprietor  is  a native  of 
Orangeburg,  and  favorably  known  as  a 
reliable  merchant,  not  only  of  this,  but 
in  adjacent  counties,  where  his  trade  ex- 
tends. He  is  President  of  the  Steam  Fire 
Company,  is  Dictator  of  the  K.  of  Hon- 
or, and  is  Secretary  of  the  Masonic  Lodge, 
Shibboleth,  and  is  generally  popular. 


State  oe  South  Carolina. 


269 


CEN.  JAS.  F.  IZLAR. 

Space  must  be  devoted  to  a career 
momentous  as  that  of  a soldier,  a poli- 
tician, and  a lawyer.  General  izlar  was 
born  in  Orangeburg  county,  November 
25,  1832,  and  received  the  best  literary 
education  the  schools  of  the  country  could 
afford.  He  graduated  from  Emory  Col- 
lege, Georgia,  in  1855,  first  honor  in  a 
class  of  some  21  graduates.  He  studied 
law  with  Colonel  T.  J.  Glover,  in 
Orangeburg,  and  was  admitted  at  a gen- 
eral term  examination  at  Columbia  in 
1857,  and  in  1858  to  the  Courts  of  Equity. 
Later  to  the  United  States  District  and 
Circuit,  and  Supreme  Court  of  this 
State,  and  he  also  practices  in  the  Cir- 
cuit Courts  of  Georgia.  His  eminent 
success  as  a lawyer  and  the  immense 
business  he  transacts,  is  the  best  proof 
of  his  entire  fitness  and  adaptability  to 
this  the  most  important  calling  of  a civil- 
ized people.  Among  the  many  cases  lie 
has  conducted  we  may  mention  that  of 
Reickenbacker  vs.  Zimmerman,  hang- 
ing upon  some  ticklish  points  of  life 
insurance  law. 

On  the  outbreak  of  hostilities  in  1861, 
the  General  was  among  the  first  who  re- 
sponded to  his  country’s  call,  to  defend 
in  the  field  the  cause  outvoted  at  the 
ballot  box.  He  entered  as  Lieutenant 
the  first  company  of  volunteers  from 
this  county,  in  the  1st  South  Carolina 
(Hagood’s)  Regiment.  He  afterwards 
became  Captain  of  the  Edisto  Rifles, 
serving  three  years  in  the  25th  South 
Carolina,  commanded  by  Col.  Simonton. 
Located  in  North  Virginia  and  in  South 
and  North  Carolina,  he  took  part  at 
Secessionville,  Drury’s  Bluff,  Weldon 
Railroad,  Second  Cold  Harbor,  Walthal 
Junction,  Petersburg,  and  latterly,  in 
defence  of  the  coast,  being  in  Battery 
Wagner  on  the  night  of  its  evacuation, 
and  also  in  Fort  Sumter.  He  was  cap- 
tured at  Fort  Fischer,  North  Carolina, 
when  it  was  taken  by  the  combined  at- 
tack of  land  and  naval  forces  on  the  15th 
of  January,  ’65.  He  was  for  six  months 
imprisoned  on  Governor’s  Island,  New 
York,  and  returning  home  practiced  law 
till  1876  in  copartnership  with  Samuel, 
now  Congressman  Dibble,  and  since  that, 
alone.  He  now  holds  the  rank  of  Major- 
General  in  the  State  troops. 

In  the  political  arena  he  has  held  many 


important  trusts,  and  has  shown  great 
executive  ability  in  organizing  and  car- 
rying out  the  plans  of  the  Democracy. 
He  has  been  an  influential  member  of 
the  State  Democratic  Executive  Com- 
mittee since  the  war,  was  several  years 
during  Radical  rule  chairman  of  the 
county  committee,  and  now  as  head  of 
the  State  Executive  Committee  has 
reached  the  zenith  of  political  fame  in 
his  native  State,  and  has  successfully 
conducted  his  party  through  two  cam- 
paigns which  have  established  it  in  al- 
most entire  control  of  National,  State, 
county  and  municipal  government  in 
South  Carolina.  In  the  fall  of  ’80,  after 
a severe  campaign,  he  was  elected  State 
Senator  from  Orangeburg  county,  and 
as  member  of  the  Judiciary  Committee 
took  an  active  part  in  the  doings  of  the 
Senate. 

Earlier  in  life  the  General  was  Mayor 
of  Orangeburg.  In  the  Masonic  Order 
he  is  also  a prominent  figure,  and  was  in 
1881  Grand  Master  of  the  State.  In 
these  many  high  trusts  General  Izlar  has 
always  had  nearest  his  heart  his  constit- 
uents interests,  spending  his  time  in  de- 
vising how  he  can  best  benefit  others. 
At  home  he  is  exceedingly  popular  and 
enjoys  the  full  confidence  of  both  races 
in  this  county.  He  married  in  1859 
Miss  Loval,  of  Charleston,  by  whom  he 
has  had  ten  children,  three  sons  and 
four  daughters  living. 


MORTIMER  CLOVER, 

Counsellor  at  Law. 

Was  born  in  Orangeburg,  22nd  August, 
1838,  educated  at  Mt.  Zion  College, 
Winnsboro,  pursued  his  studies  at  South 
Carolina  College,  graduating  from  there 
with  distinction  in  1858,  in  a class  of  44 
graduates.  He  then  studied  law  with 
his  brother,  Col.  Tlios,  J.  Glover,  and, 
was  admitted  27th  November,  1860. 
On  the  outbreak  of  hostilities  he  joined 
the  Edisto  Rifles,  and  on  21st  January, 
’61,  was  appointed  on  the  staff  of  Gov.  F. 
W.  Pickens,  with  the  rank  of  Lieuten- 
ant-Colonel, and  in  the  same  year  was 
temporarily  transferred  to  the  staff  of 
Gen.  G.  1'.  Beauregard,  then  in  com- 
mand of  the  forces  in  and  around 
Charleston,  assisting  in  the  capture  of 
Fort  Sumter.  He  was  later  promoted 


270 


City  of  Orangeburg, 


to  Adjutant  1st  South  Carolina  Volun- 
teers, and  on  17th  June,  63,  was  made 
Captain  in  the  Confederate  Army,  serv- 
ing in  this  position  till  the  close  of  the 
war.  During  ’67  and  ’68  he  was  Dis- 
trict Attorney  in  the  Orangeburg  District 
Court.  In  ’76  and  ’7  he  was  President  of 
the  Orangeburg  Courthouse  Democratic 
Club,  the  largest  Democratic  political 
organization  in  the  county,  and  took  an 
active  part  in  the  Hampton  campaign. 
He  has  been  for  a number  of  years  chair- 
man of  the  Board  of  Trustees  of  Orange- 
burg Presbyterian  Church  Society.  He 
assisted  in  organizing,  and  was  first 
President  in  1876  of  the  Y.  M.  C.  A.,  in 
this  city.  He  was  counsel  for  the  S.  C. 
R.  R.  Co.  at  Orangeburg  from  1866  to 
1878,  when  the  road  passed  into  the 
hands  of  a Receiver. 

Standing  well  in  his  profession,  Mr. 
Glover  also  occupies  a high  social  posi- 
tion and  enjoys  the  esteem  of  a large 
circle  of  friends  throughout  the  State. 


BRUNSON  & DIBBLE, 

Dealers  in  Dry  Goo  s.  Clothing, 
Boots,  Shoes  and  Hats. 

In  Orangeburg  there  are  several  large 
dry  goods  stores,  and  prominent  among 
them  we  note  the  firm  of  Brunson  & 
Dibble,  who  started  business  on  the  1st 
September,  ’81,  since  when  they  have 
had  an  increasing  patronage  from  the 
public  of  this  and  adjacent  counties  of 
Colleton,  Lexington  and  Barnwell.  The 
premises  on  the  corner  of  Russell  Street, 
adjoining  the  Postoffice  and  Courthouse, 
are  28x60  feet.  The  stock  embraces  dry 
goods,  dress  and  fancy  goods,  silks,  cas- 
simeres,  etc.  In  clothing  they  keep 
gents’,  youths’ and  boys’  ready-made  suits 
in  latest  styles.  In  boots  and  shoes  they 
have  all  varieties  and  sizes  for  ladies’  and 
gents’ wear  from  the  best  New  England 
mills,  and  the  latest  novelties  in  hats  and 
caps.  The  firm  makes  a specialty  of  the 
Heiser  hand-sewn  shoes  for  gentlemen, 
also  the  Tampico  and  Dermatoid  corsets. 

The  business  necessitates  the  employ- 
ment of  two  competent  clerks.  The  pro- 
prietors, Messrs.  J.  M.  Brunson  and  E. 
C.  Dibble  are  natives  of  Orangeburg,  are 
members  of  the  Steam  Fire  Engine  Com- 
pany, and  generally  valuable  citizens. 


E.  F.  SLATER, 

Sale  Stable. 

The  most  useful  domestic  animal  is  the 
horse,  a fact  which  becomes  more  appa- 
rent in  visiting  country  districts  and 
farming  lands.  This  line  of  business  is 
represented  in  Orangeburg  by  Mr.  E.  F. 
Slater,  located  on  Russell  Street.  This 
house  was  started  11  years  ago  as  Bam- 
berg & Slater,  which  firm  existing  one 
year,  the  latter  gentleman  has  since  con- 
ducted a prosperous  business  alone.  The 
premises  are  built  expressly  for  the  busi- 
ness, and  are  arranged  with  the  view  of 
giving  comfort  to  the  stock.  This,  ac- 
cording to  the  season,  will  run  from  25 
to  100  head  of  horses  and  mules,  consist- 
ing of  fine  saddle  and  trotting  horses, 
good  farming  and  work  stock,  and  plenty 
of  strong  mules.  The  stable  can  accom- 
modate 140  head,  and  is  at  all  times  a 
central  point  for  any  desiring  good  stock. 
Mr.  Slater  is  a thorough  judge  of  horse 
flesh,  and  less  experienced  parties  can 
rely  on  his  judgment  when  buying.  His 
business  is  one  of  the  largest  in  the  State, 
and  extends  over  Lexington,  Aiken,  Col- 
leton, Charleston  and  Orangeburg  coun- 
ties, where  he  has  three  men  traveling  in 
his  interest.  He  employs  at  home  three 
stablemen.  He  also  keeps  a stock  of  new 
buggies,  of  best  Ohio  makes  for  sale,  and 
some  for  hire.  Mr.  Slater,  who  is  a na- 
tive of  Barnwell  county,  and  is  a mem- 
ber of  the  Orangeburg  Lodge  of  Odd 
Fellows. 


ROBERT  COPES, 

General  Commission  Merchant  and 
Dealer  in  Fertilizers  and  Farm- 
ing Implements. 

This  gentleman,  than  whom  there  is  no 
stricter  or  more  reliable  business  man  in 
this  county,  established  himself  in  his 
present  line  some  three  years  ago,  on  the 
corner  of  Russell  St.,  and  courthouse 
square.  On  January,  ’84  he  opened  in  his 
present  premises,  located  near  the  top  of 
Russell  St.,  20x55  feet.  Here  he  carries  a 
large  stock  of  buggies,  carriages,  wagons, 
agricultural  implements  and  farmers'  sup- 
plies generally,  of  the  best  makers,  in 
fertilizers  Mr.  Copes  is  sole  agent  in  this 
county  for  Stono  brands  of  Charleston, 
Frank  Coe’s  of  N.  Y.,  ammoniated  bone 


State  oe  South  Carolina. 


superphosphate  and  Merryman  & Co’s., 
of  Baltimore,  famous  ammoniated  dis- 
solved bone.  He  has  extensive  transac- 
tions in  the  lower  counties  of  the  State, 
where  the  farmers  find  what  he  sells  is 
always  up  to  sample,  efficacious  in  their 
action  and  easily  worked.  He  represents 
Skinner  & Wood’s,  Erie,  Pa.,  engines, 
and  the  Eclipse  cotton  planter.  Mr. 
Copes  was  born  in  Charleston,  and  as  a 
member  of  Parkers’  Light  Artillery  did 
creditable  service  on  the  coast,  in  Bat- 
tery Wagner  and  on  James  Island  in  the 
late  war.  He  came  to  Orangeburg  in  ’69 
and  was  seven  years  book-keeper  in  G.  H. 
Cornelson’s  store.  Appointed  County 
Treasurer  by  Hampton  in  ’76,  he  ably 
discharged  the  duties  of  that  position 
three  successive  terms.  In  January, ’82, 
he  resigned,  was  elected  Alderman  to  fill 
a vacancy  in  January,  ’84,  and  now  con- 
tinues the  prosecution  of  his  business, 
with  an  energy  only  equalled  by  his  suc- 
cess. 


KIRK,  ROBINSON  & BRO., 

Insurance  Agents. 

The  business  of  insurance  is  promi- 
nently represented  in  Orangeburg  by  the 
above  well  known  gentleman,  the  only 
one  here  devoting  his  entire  attention  to 
this  line.  Mr.  Robinson  started  over  ten 
years  ago  and  then  represented  the  Liv- 
erpool, London  & Globe,  the  largest 
company  in  the  wox*ld.  A year  later  he 
took  up  the  Geergia  Home,  and  after- 
wards Continental  of  New  York  with  as- 
sets 14,867,942  and  capital  $1,000,000. 
He  insures  all  kinds  of  property  including 
gin  risks  and  pays  all  losses  promptly, 
The  office,  which  is  a new  brick  structure, 
is  nicely  furnished,  and  located  on  Russell 
Street.  He  employs  one  clerk,  and  also 
does  considerable  business  as  collection 
agent  and  exchange  broker,  discounting 
foreign  and  American  coin  and  rrotes. 
He  is  a native  of  Orangeburg  county, 
and  will  be  found  willing  and  able  to 
satisfy  all  inquirers  made  by  callers  at 
his  office.  In  1875  and ’76  he  was  Clerk 
of  Council.  He  employs  his  brother 
Jude,  experienced  in  the  business,  as  can- 
vasser for  the  Continental  in  the  county, 
and  does  a growing  business  on  the  popu- 
lar farm  policy  instalment  plan. 


271 


B.  B.  OWEN, 

Dry  Goods,  Groceries,  Boots  and 
Shoes,  Hats,  Etc.,  Russell  St. 


Among  the  young  and  growing  estab- 
lishments of  this  county  that  of  Mr.  B. 
B.  Owen  deserves  prominent  mention. 
This  house  was  opened  in  1881  as  Owen 
& Co.,  Mr.  D.  Lewis  being  the  senior 
partner.  On  2d  February  of  this  year 
Mr.  Owen  purchased  the  sole  interest. 
He  has  now  replaced  the  old  goods  by  a 
splendid  new  fall  stock,  containing  the 
finest  foreign  and  domestic  dry  goods, 
silks,  satins,  eassimeres,  brocades,  shawls, 
suits,  cloaks,  etc.,  for  ladies  and  child- 
ren’s wear,  groceries,  teas,  coffees,  sugars, 
spices  and  canned  goods,  boots  and  shoes 
direct  from  the  leading  factories,  latest 
styles  in  New  York  hats  and  caps,  and  a 
full  line  of  general  merchandise,  prob- 
ably amounting  to  $5,000  or  $6,000  in 
value.  The  store,  20x50  feet,  is  cen- 
trally located  on  Russell  Street.  The 
business  carried  on  on  strictly  cash  prin- 
ciples gives  employment  to  several  oblig- 
ing assistants.  Mr.  Owen  is  a native  of 
Oraugeburg  and  is  too  well  known  as  a 
trustworthy  and  reliable  merchant  to  re- 
quire comment. 


J.  A.  INABINET, 

General  Merchandise. 

Prominent  among  the  mercantile  estab- 
lishments of  this  county  is  that  of  Mr. 
Inabinet,  who  has  been  long  known  in 
this  section  as  a reliable  merchant.  The 
business  was  started  as  Inabinet  & Smoak 
in  1874  at  Graham’s  Turnout  and  was 
moved  to  Orangeburg  in  ’76,  where  the 
firm  bought  considerable  property  and 
established  two  stores,  one  run  under  the 
name  of  Inabinet  & Smoak  and  the  other 
under  that  of  D.  E.  Smoak  & Co.  This 
continued  till  May,  ’83,  when  the  firm 


272 


City  of  Orangeburg, 


dissolved.  Mr.  Inabinet  has  since  August 
carried  on  business  alone.  On  Russell 
Street  lie  occupies  a spacious  store,  22x55 
feet.  The  stock,  about  4,000  in  value, 
embraces  staple  and  fancy  groceries,  for- 
eign and  domestic  dry  goods,  and  a com- 
plete equipment  of  tinware,  hardware  and 
agricultural  implements.  The  trade  ex- 
tends throughout  this  and  neighboring 
counties.  Patrons  never  fail  to  return, 
and  are  made  permanent  customers  of. 


PATRICK  DOYLE, 

Carriage  Maker,  General  Black- 
smith and  Carpenter. 

It  was  reserved  for  this  century  and 
American  genius  to  heighten  the  art 
of  building  carriages  and  wagons.  This 
business  was  established  in  1855, 
as  Ray  Bros.  & Co.,  which  continued  till 
the  war.  After  that  it  ran  for  one  year 
as  Ray  & Bro.,  since  when  its  present  pro- 
prietor has  been  the  owner  and  has 
established  a standing  for  producing 
durable  work  of  fine  style  and  quality. 
The  plant  covers  an  area  of  about  150 
feet  square,  the  main  building  being  a 
two  story  frame  structure,  30x70  feet, 
having  on  the  first  iloor  the  wood  shop, 
and  upstairs  the  painting  and  trimming 
departments,  the  buggy  room  is  also  on 
the  ground  floor  of  this  building.  In 
another  part  of  the  yard  is  the  black- 
smith’s shop,  30x70  feet,  while  still  fur- 
ther on  is  the  wagon  show  room,  where 
some  40  vehicles  are  on  hand,  12  compe- 
tent workmen  are  employed  and  jobbing 
and  repairing  is  well  and  promptly  done. 
The  material  is  selected  by  the  proprie- 
tor, who  personally  attends  to  all  orders. 
The  goods  are  in  demand  over  the  lower 
counties  of  this  State.  Mr.  Doyle  was 
born  in  Mott  St..,  blew  York,  and  came 
South  in  1854,-  and  was  in  Hagood’s 
Brigade.  He  is  a large  real  estate 
holder,  and  grows  on  his  farm  the  finest 
oats  in  the  county. 


C.  P.  BRUNSON, 

Grocer. 

This  gentleman,  who  only  established 
business  in  October,  1883,  has  already 
succeeded  in  building  up  no  inconsidera- 
ble trade.  The  premises,  located  on  Rus- 
sell Street,  25x65  feet,  enjoy  a constant 


influx  and  eflux  of  customers,  and  is  one 
of  the  busiest  stores  in  town.  The  stock 
of  groceries  includes  fresh  China  and 
Japan  teas,  Java  and  Mocha  coffees,  East 
India  spices,  standard  grades  of  New 
Orleans  sugars  and  molasses,  but- 
ter and  cheese,  flour,  canned  meats 
and  fruits,  and  table  delicacies,  vegeta- 
bles, etc.  No  adulterated  goods  are  al- 
lowed into  the  stock,  and  three  compe- 
tent hands  and  a wagon  are  employed. 
Mr.  Brunson  is  a native  of  Beaufort, 
and  came  to  Orangeburg  in  1872.  He 
Avas  for  many  years  in  the  leading  dry 
goods  store  of  the  town  Henry  Kohn’s, 
leaving  it  to  commence  for  himself,  and 
has  been  more  than  measurably  success- 
ful. He  is  a member  of  the  Masonic 
Lodge,  Shibboleth. 


WILLIAM  WILLCOCK, 

Tin  and  Stoa'e  Dealer. 

One  the  most  useful  trades  is  that  of 
tinsmithing,  which  line  is  represented  in 
Orangeburg  by  Mr.  W.  Willcock,  avIio 
has  conducted  a prosperous  business  here 
since  1858.  He  is  a practical  tvorkman  and 
thoroughly  understands  every  branch  of 
the  trade,  and  deservedly  is  largely  pat- 
ronized. He  employs  t\A'o  hands,  avIio  as- 
sist in  tinning  roofs,  plumbing,  etc., 
Avork  being  done  Avith  promptness  and 
efficacy.  In  the  store,  30x45  feet,  on 
Russell  St.,  tinware,  stoA’es  and  other 
domestic  and  household  goods  are  kept. 
Mr.  Willcock  was  born  in  Canada, 
came  to  the  United  States  when  only  17 
years  old.  and  to  the  South  in  ’58.  On 
the  breaking  out  of  the  AA-ar  he  joined 
the  2d  South  Carolina  Artillery,  serving 
on  James  Island.  He  was  afterwards 
detailed  to  the  medical  department,  and 
was  located  in  Columbia.  He  was  an 
Alderman  of  this  city  in  1872  and  '73.  He 
Avas  instrumental  in  council  in  having 
the  first  road  built,  running  parallel  with 
Main  Street  of  the  town,  and  thus  in  wet 
weather  there  is  a dry  way  to  reach  the 
depot  by.  He  Avas  for  14  years  a mem- 
ber of  the  fire  department. 


THEODORE  KOHN, 

Fashionable  Dry  Goods  Emporium, 
Russell  Street. 

Mr.  Theodore  Kohn’s  fashionable  dry 
goods  emporium,  a leading  one  in  the 


State  of  South  Carolina. 


273 


county,  is  located  on  Bussell  Street,  the 
premises  occupied  28  feet  by  100,  and 
being  well  adapted  to  business.  The 
stock,  averaging  $20,000  to  $25,000,  con- 
tains foreign  and  domestic  dry  goods, 
millinery,  carpets,  cloaks,  silks,  fancy 
dress  goods,  hosiery,  toys  and  holiday  ar- 
ticles in  season.  The  class  of  goods  is  of 
the  best  description,  and  parties  purchas- 
ing will  find  the  best  value  given  for  the 
money  expended.  Mr.  Kohn  is  agent  for 
Mine.  Demorest’s  patterns,  of  which  he 
keeps  a complete  catalogue,  sent  free  on 
application;  patterns  post  free  on  receipt 
of  price,  and  for  the  Domestic  sewing 
machine.  There  are  employed  from  six 
to  eight  poolite  assistants.  This  enter- 
prise was  established  in  1870  higher  up 
on  the  same  street  bv  its  owner,  who 
in  ’74  moved  to  this  location;  a year  la- 
ter he  was  burnt  out,  but  immediately 
erected  this  handsome  brick  store.  Mr. 
Kohn  is  a native  of  Bavaria  and  came  to 
the  United  States  in  1850  and  five  years 
later  to  Orangeburg.  He  was  elected 
Alderman  in  September,  ’83,  and  fills  the 
position  of  Assistant  Chief  of  the  Fire 
Department. 


F.  BE  SVJARS, 

Groceries,  Tobacco  and  Cigars. 

This  prosperous  establishment  was 
started  in  the  fall  of  1877.  Mr.  Mars 
opened  next  door  to  his  present  store, 
moving  into  the  premises  he  now  occu- 
pies, 30x70  feet,  in  the  summer  of  1878. 
His  stock,  averaging  from  $5,000  to  $7,- 
000,  contains  staple  and  fancy  groceries, 
teas,  coffees,  sugars,  spices,  canned 
goods,  meats,  flour,  cheese,  butter,  vege- 
tables, etc.,  and  a fine  assortmont  of  best 
brands  of  American  and  foreign  tobaccos 
and  cigars.  The  trade  necessitates  the 
assistance  of  two  hands  and  a wagon  de- 
livering to  the  many  patrons.  Mr.  Mars 
was  born  in  St.  Lawrence  county,  N.  Y. ; 
he  entered  the  Fifty-Fourth  New  York 
Begiment,  and  served  as  Lieut,  in  Com- 
pany C,  Gilmore’s  Division  in  Virginia, 
being  at  Gettysburg,  Ohancellorsville, 
etc.,  and  on  the  coast  in  South  Carolina. 
He  was  mustered  out  in  Charleston,  and 
came  to  settle  in  Orangeburg.  Succeeding 
the  war  he  was  United  States  Deputy 
Marshal  one  year,  and  in  1867  was  State 
census  taker  for  Orangeburg  county,  and 


held  the  same  position  in  1875.  In  1868 
he  was  elected  State  Legislator  from  this 
county.  In  I860  he  was  appointed  Post- 
master, filling  this  trust  till  1873.  He 
is  a Past  Dictator  of  the  K.  of  FL,  and  a 
member  of  the  Grand  Lodge,  Protector 
of  the  K.  and  L.  of  H.,  belongs  to  the 
K.  of  P.,  and  as  an  Odd  Fellow,  was 
in  1880-1-2,  Grand  Secretary  for  this 
State. 


ANDREW  C.  DIBBLE, 

Attorney  and  Counsellor  at  Law. 

Mr.  Dibble  of  the  well  known  Orange- 
burg family,  was  born  in  Charleston, 
August  13,  1849.  He  was  educated  in 
the  schools  there  and  afterwards  in 
Orangeburg  county.  He  commenced  the 
study  of  law  in  1868  with  Izlar  & Dibble, 
and  on  February  21,  ’71,  was  admitted. 
He  was  admitted  to  practice  in  1874  to 
the  Supreme  Court.  He  first  practiced 
several  years  in  Bamberg,  Barnwell 
county,  in  copartnership  with  L.  T. 
Izlar,  and  in  April,  ’80,  came  to  Orange- 
burg where  he  has  since  conducted  a 
growing  business.  He  has  been  several 
times  delegate  to  Barnwell  and  Orange- 
burg conventions,  is  a member  of  the 
Masonic  Lodge,  Shibboleth,  and  also  has 
been  for  two  years  Grand  Worthy 
Patriarch  in  the  Sons  of  Temperance, 
one  of  the  most  rapidly  growing  organi- 
zations in  the  country,  is  also  member  of 
Board  of  Examiners  for  Orangeburg 
county. 


THE  TIMES  AND  DEMOCRAT, 

J.  L.  Sims,  Editor  and  Proprietor. 

One  of  the  leading  papers  devoted  to 
the  true  interest  of  this  State  is  the  suc- 
cessor of  two  papers,  the  Times  and  the 
Democrat,  the  first  established  in  1869 
and  the  latter  by  Mr.  Sims  in  1878,  and 
was  formed  by  their  consolidation  in 
1881  with  Messrs.  Sims  & Mellichamp 
as  editors  and  proprietors,  which  partner- 
ship lasted  till  February,  ’84,  when  Mr. 
Sims  became  sole  proprietor  by  purchas- 
ing the  entire  business.  It  is  a large  four 
page  sheet,  26x46,  appears  every  Thurs- 
day morning,  and  reflects  great  credit 
upon  the  publisher.  The  circulation  now 
reaches  1,200,  and  gives  to  the  people  of 
this  county  the  latest  information  at 


274 


City  of  Oran&eburo, 


rates  so  low  as  $1.50  per  annum,  75 
cents  a half  year  or  40  cents  per  quarter. 
The  establishment,  which  gives  employ- 
ment to  three  workmen,  is  divided  into 
printing,  compositors’,  press  and  storage 
rooms.  It  is  equipped  with  new  type  and 
modern  appliances  for  job  printing,  let- 
ter, note  and  bill  heads,  business  cards, 
pamphlets,  etc.,  being  done  with  dis- 
patch. This  branch  is  under  the  man- 
agement of  Mr.  R.  Lewis  Berry,  a skilled 
craftsman,  who  owns  an  interest  in  the 
department.  Mr.  Sims,  a native  of 
Charleston,  was  several  years  on  the  Cou- 
rier, which  he  left  in  ’72  to  take  a half 
intei’est  in  the  Spartanburg  Herald.  He 
remained  there  till  ’78,  when  he  came  to 
Orangeburg  and  started  the  Democrat,  as 
already  stated.  During  his  residence  in 
this  county  lie  has  made  many  friends 
and  gained  an  enviable  reputation  both 
as  a publisher  and  gentleman. 


HART  &JOSS, 

The  young  and  energetic  lawyer  of 
Orangeburg,  was  born  here  and  was 
educated  at  Wofford  College,  Spartan- 
burg, leaving  there  in  June,  ’81.  He 
commenced  on  8th  September  the 
study  of  law  in  the  office  of  Samuel, 
now  Congressman  Dibble,  imbibing 
the  knowledge  of  that  able  head,  and 
in  1883  was  admitted  at  a Supreme 
Court  examination  at  Columbia.  On 
January,  ’83,  he  was  appointed  Trial 
Justice  for  two  years,  undertaking  the 
duties  of  this  position  on  his  major- 
ity day.  He  has  since  filled  the  office 
with  credit  to  himself  and  the  satis- 
faction of  all.  He  has  already  had 
several  important  civil  cases,  his  cus- 
tom steadily  increases,  and  he  bids 
fair  to  enjoy  a large  and  flourishing 
practice.  Mr.  Moss  is  in  the  Edisto 
Rifles. 


T.  M.  RAYSOR, 

Attorney  and  Counsellor  at  Law. 

This  gentleman  is  a native  of  the 
county  and  received  his  education  at 
Wofford  College,  graduating  from  it  in 
1878.  He  studied  law  with  Samuel  Dib- 
ble, Congressman  for  First  District,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  1880,  at  a gen- 
eral term  of  the  Supreme  Court.  In  the 


spring, ’81, he  was  appointed  Trial  Justice, 
resigning  in  1882,  owing  to  the  increas- 
ing demand  of  his  law  business.  The 
patronage  he  enjoys  steadily  increases, 
and  his  clients  find  him  well  posted  in 
the  details  of  that  abstruse  science,  and 
successful  in  attaining  their  ends.  He 
is  Solicitor  for  the  Elliott  Hook  and 
Ladder  Company,  and  member  ox  the 
Masonic  Lodge,  Shibboleth. 


REV.  THOS.  RAYSOR, 

One  of  the  theologians  of  our  State,  and 
Presiding  Elder  of  the  M.  E.  Church 
for  Orangeburg  District,  was  born  in 
Colleton  county,  South  Carolina,  April 
13,  1827.  After  receiving  a first-class 
education  at  Cokesbury  Conference 
School  in  Abbeville,  graduating  from 
here  in  1844  he  studied  medicine  and 
graduated  from  Philadelphia  Medical 
College,  M.  D.,  in  1848.  After  devoting 
his  time  to  the  study  of  theology  he  en- 
tered the  South  Carolina  Conference  of 
the  M.  E.  Church,  at  Wadesboro,  North 
Carolina,  December,  1850,  and  was  for 
1851  appointed  junior  preacher  to  Barn- 
well circuit.  He  was  ordained  Deacon 
at  Sumter  by  Bishop  Capers  in  1853,  and 
ordained  elder  by  Bishop  Pierce  in  Co- 
lumbia, 1855.  He  served  the  following 
charges  by  appointment  of  the  Bishops: 
’52-’53,  Sampit  Mission  near  George- 
town; ’54,  Anderson;  ’55-’56,  Laurens; 
’57-‘58,  Newberry;  ’59-’60,  Richland;'61. 
Abbeville;  ’62-'63:  Bamberg  as  presiding 
elder;  ’64-’65  Charleston  District,  and  ‘60 
Bamberg  District;  'G7-'6S  Branchville; 
’69-’70-'71-’72,  Bamberg  Circuit;  T3- 
’74-’75-’76,  Colleton  Circuit;  'T 7— '78— 
’79-’S0,  Branchville;  Presiding  Elder 
Marion  District,  ’81-'82;  and  Orange- 
burg District,  ’83-'84.  His  district  in- 
cludes Orangeburg  county,  part  of  Barn- 
well, Aiken  and  Lexington  counties:  12 
pastoral  charges  with  a membership  of 
about  5,000.  Visiting  each  charge  once 
a quarter  and  conscientious  in  the  fulfill- 
ment of  his  duties,  Dr.  Raysor  is  popu- 
lar among  his  congregations,  and  much 
liked  in  the  community.  A learned 
scholar  and  deep  thinker,  he  has  from 
time  to  time  written  valuable  contribu- 
tions for  the  South  Carolina  Advocate. 
the  Christian  Xeighbor  and  Metropoli- 
tan Pulpit,  and  also  published  three 


State  of  South  Carolina. 


275 


pamphlets  oil  Infant  Baptism,  being 
a controversy  with  Rev.  J.  T.  Buist  of 
the  Baptist  Church. 


REV.  T.  M.  C&LRHiW, 

A young  and  rising  preacher  of  our 
State,  was  born  at  Liberty  Hill,  Edgefield 
county,  and  was  educated  at  the  High 
School  there.  He  first  pursued  mercan- 
tile busines  in  Abbeville,  studying  at  the 
same  time  law,  under  Judge  Cochrane. 
He  then  devoted  himself  to  theological 
research  for  three  years  at  the  Theologi- 
cal Seminary,  Louisville,  Kentucky, 
graduating  from  here  in  1881.  He  was 
ordained  at  Abbeville,  in  May  of  same 
year,  and  in  June  following  came  to 
Orangeburg  as  Baptist  minister.  His 
church,  built  in  1864,  is  of  brick,  and 
one  of  the  substantial  edifices  of  the  city; 
it  can  seat  on  the  floor  and  in  the  galle- 
ry about  500,  and  the  congregation, 
which  rapidly  increases,  numbers  over 
140  members.  A pleasant  speaker,  a 
simple  reasoner,  Mr.  Galphin  possesses 
the  respect  of  his  flock,  and  outside  of 
the  pulpit  is  a pleasing  gentleman  to 
meet. 


REV.  J.  L.  STOKES, 

The  present  well  qualified  pastor  of 
Methodist  church  of  Orangeburg,  was 
born  in  Colleton  county,  5th  February, 
1854,  and  was  educated  at  home  by 
private  tuition.  He  commenced  study 
of  theology  in  1874,  passed  through 
the  conference  course,  being  ordained 
deacon  in  '76  and  elder  in  ’78.  He 
was  first  appointed  junior  preacher  at 
Bennettsville,  then  at  Sumter.  His 
first  senior  charge  was  two  years  at 
Fort  Mill;  next  of  the  Ward  Circuit, 
Edgefield,  and  was  four  years  jiastor 
of  the  Marion  St.  church,  Columbia. 
In  December,  ’83,  he  came  to  Orange- 
burg and  soon  became  popular  with 
his  congregation.  His  church,  one  of 
the  ornaments  of  the  city,  is  interiorly 
comfortably  furnished,  the  accoustic 
properties  are  good  and  is  capable  of 
seating  over  400  persons.  The  aver- 
age number  of  attendants  is  about  250 
and  the  membership  200.  Apart  from 
being  a clear  speaker  and  good  reasoner, 
Mr.  Stokes  is  a well-read  scholar,  and  ' 


for  one  year  edited  the  Temperance 
Worker  in  Columbia. 


A.  S.  HYDRICK,  M.  B.f 

A descendant  of  the  old  German  fam- 
ily, Heydrich,  was  born  in  Orangeburg 
county,  11th  November,  1849,  and  was 
educated  at  the  S.  C.  University,  grad- 
uating with  distinction  from  there  M.  D. 
in  1873.  He  was  then  appointed  city 
physician  in  Columbia,  practicing  there 
two  years,  and  was  also  Chairman  of  the 
Board  of  Health.  In  Orangeburg  he  has 
gained  a splendid  reputation,  and  he  has 
a large  and  rapidly  augmenting  practice. 
In  surgery  he  has  been  very  successful 
in  many  difficult  cases,  including  remo- 
val of  the  upper  jaw  bone,  cataracts,  am- 
putation of  the  shoulder  joint,  removal 
of  breast  and  uterine  tumors,  etc.  He 
was  President  of  the  Democratic  Court 
House  Club  several  years  and  as  a Ma- 
son is  an  ex-Senior  Warden  and  mem- 
ber of  Shibboleth  Lodge.  He  isex-Sec- 
retary  of  the  State  Medical  Association, 
and  standing  well  professionally,  has 
many  friends  in  social  circles.  He  has 
been  author  of  several  papers  on  practi- 
cal subjects,  among  which  we  may  men- 
tion one  on  “Teething  Children,”  a 
communication  made  to  the  State  and 
published  in  the  State  Board  of  Health 
reports. 


DR.  L.  8.  WOLFE, 

Dentist. 

Dr.  Wolfe,  the  popular  dentist  of 
Orangeburg,  is  a native  of  this  county 
and  commenced  practice  here  in  1874. 
He  has  since  been  here,  with  the  excep- 
tion of  one  month,  when  he  opened  rooms 
at  Blackville.  He  studied  for  two  years, 
’78  and  ’79,  at  Baltimore  Dental  College 
and  graduated  from  there.  His  rooms 
are  on  Russell  Street;  the  parlor  is  neatly 
furnished,  the  operating  room  is  pro- 
vided with  the  latest  inventions  for  ex- 
tracting and  filling  teeth  with  least  pain 
and  inconvenience  to  the  patient,  and 
the  laboratory  is  well  appointed.  The 
doctor  is  practical  in  his  work,  having 
given  much  time  and  attention  to  the 
study  of  the  science,  and  his  patrons 
who  come  from  Orangeburg  and  the  ad- 
jacent counties  are  always  more  than 


276 


City  of  Orangeburg, 


pleased  both  with  the  work  and  the 
operator  himself,  who  is  courteous  and 
painstaking  with  patients. 


W.  C.  WANMAMAKER,  M.  D., 

Was  born  in  Orangeburg  and  edu- 
cated at  the  High  School  here.  He 
studied  at  the  Medical  College  of  the 
State  of  South  Carolina,  graduating  from 
it  in  1879.  He  was  chosen  house  sur- 
geon to  the  Roper  Hospital  for  two  years 
but  resigned  after  eighteen  months.  He 
has  since  been  practicing  in  Orangeburg, 
is  at  home  in  treating  all  manner  of  dis- 
ease, and  as  an  indefatigable  worker  in 
the  cause  of  this  beneficial  science  has 
achieved  a high  professional  eminence 
and  obtained  a first  class  social  standing 
in  the  community.  Among  the  most  suc- 
cessful surgical  operations  performed  by 
him  we  may  mention  the  removal  of 
intra-uterine-fibroid,  cured;  removal  of 
fibroid  moluscum  tumor  on  breast,  suc- 
cessful; removal  of  tumor  situated  over 
cerotid  artery  on  neck,  cured;  removal  of 
sacomatous  growth  from  leg,  cured. 


W.  L.  GLAZE, 

Attorney  and  Counsellor, 

Was  born  in  Orangeburg  26th  May,  1854, 
graduated  from  Wolford  in  1876, and  then 
became  Principal  of  Pine  Grove  Academy 
and  afterwards  was  one  year  assistant 
to  Mr.  Sheridan  in  the  High  School, 
Orangeburg.  He  commenced  in  1879  and 
pursued  the  study  of  law  with  Gen.  Izlar, 
imbibing  much  of  the  judgment  of  that 
able  head  and  was  May  31, 1881,  admitted 
to  the  Supreme  Court.  He  has  his  place 
of  business  in  Gen.  Izlar’s  office,  and  al- 
ready is  doing  no  inconsiderable  practice 
throughout  Orangeburg,  Barnwell  and 
Colleton  counties.  Confining  his  ener- 
gies strictly  to  his  profession,  he  receives 
an  increasing  patronage,  and  is  always 
alive  to  his  patron’s  interests.  He  is  a 
member  of  the  Masonic  Lodge,  Shibbo- 
leth, was  raised  in  Pine  Grove  Lodge, 
and  is  in  the  fire  company  of  this  town. 


J.  F.  ROBINSON, 

County  Clerk. 

The  above  official,  well  and  favorably 
known  to  the  people  of  this  district,  was 


born  in  Orangeburg  county,  and  received 
his  early  education  at  her  schools.  When 
quite  young  he  entered  the  Confederate 
army  in  1861,  and  served  till  wounded 
in  the  fall  of  ’63,  in  the  1st  South  Caro- 
lina Regiment,  (Hagood’s)  Company  B, 
and  was  for  meritorious  conduct  pro- 
moted to  a Sergeantcy.  In  a night  attack 
near  Lookout  Mountain,  Tennessee,  he 
received  a wound  which  afterwards  ne- 
cessitated amputation  of  the  right  arm. 
At  the  cessation  of  hostilities,  he  re- 
turned to  Orangeburg,  and  for  eighteen 
months  was  Clerk  of  Court,  till  the  gov- 
ernment was  usurped  by  the  new  fran- 
chise. He  then  farmed  till  1880,  when 
elected  by  a considerable  majority  he 
was  re-installed  in  his  old  position.  So- 
cially and  politically  popular,  no  man  is 
more  zealous  in  the  performance  of  the 
work,  or  in  carrying  out  the  plans  of  a 
county  office. 


P.  P.  IZLAR, 

Probate  Judge. 

The  above  popular  Probate  Judge  was 
born  in  Orangeburg,  and  educated  at  the 
schools  of  this  town.  He  afterwards  at- 
tended Furman  University,  left  there  to 
enter  the  Confederate  Army,  and  served 
one  year  in  Hagood’s  Regiment.  He 
was  afterwards  with  Hagood’s  Brigade, 
in  the  Twenty-Fifth  S.  C.  Regiment,  Col. 
Simonton,  for  three  years.  He  was  at  Se- 
cessionville,  Port  Walthall  and  Drury’s 
Bluff,  where  he  was  wounded  and  pro- 
moted for  gallantry  in  the  field,  to  a 
Lieutenancy,  having  been  for  three  years 
previous  Orderly  Sergeant  of  Edisto  Ri- 
fles. He  was  in  Battery  Wagner  the 
night  of  its  evacuation,  receiving  a 
wound  from  a shell,  and  also  in  Fort 
Sumter,  and  wounded  on  Cole’s  Isle, 

! from  the  explosion  of  a cannon.  He 
joined  his  Company  again  at  Petersburg, 
and  was  in  the  three  days’  battle  there 
and  on  the  Weldon  R.  R.,  where  he  got 
badly  shot  in  the  shoulder.  Unmindful 
of  this  he  rejoined  the  Regiment  in  Vir- 
ginia and  was  transferred  to  North  Car- 
olina, and  finally  captured  at  Fort  Fisch- 
er, 15th  January,  1865,  and  was  for  sev- 
eral months  in  prison  at  Elmyra,  New 
York.  Returning  to  his  native  State, 
he  was  chosen  Principal  of  Graham, 
Barnwell  county,  and  afterwards  of 


State  of  South  Carolina. 


277 


Branchville  Academy.  In  18S0,  he  was 
elected  Probate  Judge,  and  having  dis- 
charged the  onerous  duties  of  the  posi- 
tion creditably  to  himself  and  to  the 
satisfaction  of  his  constituents,  he  was, 
in  1882,  re-elected.  The  Judge  is  a Ma- 
son, and  was  twice  Master  of  his  Lodge, 
Oman. 


J.  S.  ALBERGOTTI, 

County  Treasurer. 

Mr.  Albergotti  has  shown  himself  emi- 
nently possessed  of  the  qualities  neces- 
sary to  fill  the  duties  of  this  office.  He 
was  born  in  Charleston  county,  1842,  and 
commenced  life  as  a soldier  in  the  First 
South  Carolina  Rifles,  Col.  Pettigrew, 
which  he  joined  the  night  Major  Ander- 
son left  Fort  Moultrie  for  Sumter.  He 
afterward  was  in  the  Fifth  South  Caro- 
lina Cavalry  for  two  years.  He  was  in- 
jured in  dismounting  a cannon  and 
placed  on  detached  service  in  Charles- 
ton, remaining  there  till  the  evacuation. 
With  his  regiment  he  was  in  North 
Carolina  and  at  Averysboro’,  Bentonville 
and  Florence.  Returning  home,  he  came 
to  join  his  family  at  Orangeburg,  in  the 
welfare  of  which  county  he  has  since 
taken  a prominent  part,  and  carried  on 
mercantile  business.  He  was  elected  Al- 
derman of  the  city  in  ’79  and  for  two 
years,  ’79  and  ’80,  performed  the  duties  of 
Mayor.  He  was  Worshipful  Master  of 
the  Masonic  Lodge  Shibboleth,  No.  28, 
and  is  District  Deputy  Dictator  of  theK. 
of  H.  and  Treasurer  of  their  Orangeburg 
Lodge.  On  his  appointment  as  County 
Treasurer  in  ’82  he  retired  from  mercan- 
tile life. 


A.  MAG  QUEERS  SALLEY, 

County  Sheriff. 

The  position  of  Sheriff,  one  of  the 
most  important  of  county  offices,  is  ably 
filled  in  Orangeburg  by  Mr.  A.  Mac 
Queen  Salley,  who  was  born  in  this 
county  August  6,  1847,  was  educated  at 
South  Carolina  Military  Academy.  Since 
then  he  has  been  successful  as  a farmer 
in  his  native  county.  Always  taking  an 
active  part  for  just  government  he  has 
been  on  the  Democratic  Executive  Com- 
mittee since  reconstruction  in  1876,  and 
was  in  1880  elected  Sheriff.  We  all  know 


that  he  has  well  discharged  the  trying  and 
often  disagreeable  duties  of  the  situation 
and  that  no  better  man  could  have  been 
chosen.  He  is  renominated  this  fall. 


L.  H.  WANNAMAKER, 

Deputy  County  Clerk. 

In  every  organization  the  assistants 
are  almost  as  important  as  the  princi- 
pal, for  upon  them  in  great  measure  de- 
pends the  correct  and  effective  working 
of  the  whole.  The  present  deputy 
Clerk  of  Orangeburg  County  Court  was 
born  12th  June,  ’55,  here,  and  received 
what  education  it  was  his  good  fortune 
to  obtain,  it  being  the  time  of  civil  war, 
at  the  high  school.  When  peace  re- 
turned he  entered,  at  the  age  of  15,  the 
law  office  of  Izlar  & Dibble,  as  clerk 
three  years.  He  was  then  two  years 
clerk  to  the  County  Treasurer,  and  af- 
terwards four  years  Sheriff’s  clerk.  In 
’80  he  was  appointed  to  his  present  po- 
sition. He  is  likewise  clerk  for  the 
Board  of  County  Commissioners,  which 
post  he  has  filled  five  years.  In  politics 
Mr.  Wannamaker  takes  a prominent 
part.  He  is  one  of  the  three  County 
Commissioners  for  State  and  county 
elections,  and  five  years  Secretary  of  the 
county  Democratic  committee.  He  is 
also  a Mason,  being  a Past  Master  of 
Shibboleth  Lodge,  and  has  also  been 
foreman  of  the  Elliott  Flood  and  Ladder 
Company.  Mr.  Wannamaker  is  emi- 
nently fitted  for  the  positions  he  occu- 
pies, and  at  no  future  date  may  probably 
be  the  recipient  of  still  higher  honors. 


Photographic  Gallery. 

Among  the  photographers  of  South 
Carolina  Mr.  Van  Orsdell,  now  of  Orange- 
burg, has  been  prominent  for  several 
years,  every  picture  issued  from  his  stu- 
dio being  a standing  advertisement  of 
his  skill;  and  by  his  instantaneous  pro- 
cess (the  slide  on  the  instrument  being 
an  invention  of  his  own)  babies  or  mov- 


278 


City  of  Oramgeburg, 


ing  objects,  steamboats ' or  horses  at  full 
speed  coming  out  clear  and  distinct.  He 
is  a Virginian,  son  of  the  well  known 
photographer  of  Wilmington,  N.  C.,  just 
dead,  and  for  many  years  Vice-President 
of  the  National  Photographers  Associ- 
ation. He  has  been  in  business'  now  ten 
years,  having  learned  the  profession  with 
his  father,  and  settled  three  years  ago  in 
Orangeburg.  After  a tour  in  the  State, 
staying  at  Spartanburg,  Chester  and 
Camden,  he  returned  here  last  fall  and  has 
furnished  his  studio  with  modern  im- 
provements, including  two  of  the  costli- 
est operating  instruments  in  use.  The 
premises  consist  of  dressing,  waiting  and 
operating  room,  15x25  feet,  with  blue 
light,  10x15,  printing  rooms,  silver  and 
dark  rooms,  etc.  He  has  just  made  a 
purchase  of  handsome  showcases  in  Bal- 
timore. For  his  workmanship  he  has 
several  times  received  diplomas  at  Balti- 
more and  Philadelphia.  He  enjoys  an 
increasing  patronage,  and  callers  will  find 
him  attentive  to  their  wants. 


NEW  YORK  STORE, 

D.  Epstin. 

This  house,  which  was  established  in 
Orangeburg  in  the  fall  of  '83,  holds  a 
leading  position  among  similar  stores  in 
this  section  of  the  State.  The  premises 
consist  of  a handsome  brick  structure  25 
feet  bv  75,  centrally  located  on  Kussell 
Street.  The  stock  averaging  some  815,000 
embraces  foreign  and  domestic  dry 
goods,  satins,  shawls,  fancy  and  dress 
goods,  the  latest  and  most  fashionable 
styles  in  men’s,  youths’  and  boys’  cloth- 
ing, boots  and  shoes,  in  sizes  to  suit  all 
wearers  of  both  sexes,  and  hats  and  caps 
in  the  newest  New  York  styles.  The 
business  gives  employment  to  four  assist- 
ants. Mr.  Epstin  is  a native  of  Russia 
and  came  to  the  United  States  35  years 
ago.  After  the  war  he  opened  a store  in 
Columbia  and  did  a successful  trade  up 
to  the  time  of  moving  here.  He  is  a 
Mason  and  also  a member  of  the  B.  B.’s. 


E.  A.  WEBSTER, 

Deputy  Postmaster. 

Mr.  Webster  was  born  in  Montpelier, 
Vermont,  1850,  and  graduated  from 


Middletown  College,  Connecticut,  A. 
B.  in  1872,  receiving  the  degree  of  A. 
M.  three  years  later.  He  came  South 
and  taught  in  Claflin  University,  and 
also  ran  a newspaper  called  the  Citizen, 
on  Republican  principles  till  1 876,  when 
he  was  appointed  Deputy  Postmaster, 
which  position  he  has  since  filled.  He 
pursued  the  study  of  law  in  the  office  of 
Hor..  A.  B.  Knolton,  in  Orangeburg,  and 
n 1871  was  almitted  to  the  bar  of  this 
State.  Was  Collector  of  Internal  Reve- 
nue and  County  Treasurer,  and  actively 
performs  the  duties  of  Republican  Chair- 
man of  this  county,  and  has  been  several 
years  a member  of  the  State  Executive 
Committee,  and  always  has  represented 
the  county  in  the  State  Conventions. 


NOLAND’S  SADDLERY, 

Maim  Street. 


Mr.  J.  C.  Noland,  one  of  the  enter- 
prising men  of  Orangeburg,  is  a native 
of  North  Carolina,  and  came  to  this 
State  in  1837.  In  ’45  he  entered  as 
apprentice  the  house  of  MacKenzie  & 
Co.,  of  Charleston,  saddlers,  etc.,  in 
which  he  became  partner  on  1st  Jan- 
uary, I860.  He  afterwards  followed 
other  lines  of  business,  and  on  22d  Feb- 
ruary, ’83,  moved  to  Orangeburg.  A 
practical  workman,  thoroughly  skilled 
in  his  line  of  trade,  he  has  gained  many 
customers  throughout  the  county,  and 
his  workmanship  enjoys  a standard  rep- 
utation. Parties  calling  at  the  sad- 
dlery on  Main  St,,  will  find  him  cour- 
teous and  obliging,  and  ready  to  attend 
to  their  wants,  and  can  inspect  his 
stock,  including  saddles,  bits,  stirrups, 
bridles  and  harness  in  great  variety,  in  all 
sizes  and  degrees  of  finish. 


CEAFEIN  UNIVERSITY,  ORANGEBURG. 


280 


City  of  Orangeburg. 


JULIUS  CLOVER, 

Attorney  and  Counsellor, 

Is  the  son  of  Ex-Judge  Thos.  Worth 
Glover,  at  his  death,  October  3,  '84,  the 
oldest  lawyer  in  the  United  States.  He 
was  born  in  Orangeburg  in  1847,  and 
after  getting  the  education  the  schools 
of  his  native  town — those  of  Mr.  Burns 
and  Mr.  Whilden — could  afford,  he  went' 
to  the  South  Carolina  University  in  ’68, 
and  graduated  from  it  in  1869.  He  then 
studied  lav/  with  Simonton  & Barker  in 
Charleston,  and  was  admitted  to  the 
State  bar  in  1870  on  Cir;  uit  examination 


there.  Since  ’71  he  has  been  practicing 
in  Orangeburg,  and  has  shown  himself 
faithful  and  true  to  his  client’s  interest. 
In  ’79  and  ’80  he  was  Trial  Justice  for 
this  county,  filling  the  post  to  the  satis- 
faction of  all.  Near  the  close  of  the  late 
war  he  volunteered  along  with  other 
young  men  from  this  district,  and 
formed  a company  commanded  by  Capt. 
Frederick,  which  at  Sisters’  Ferry  on  the 
Savannah  river  had  a skirmish  with  the 
outposts  of  Sherman’s  army.  Mr.  Glover 
has  always  been  a diligent  student  and 
fully  deserves  success  at  ihe  bar. 


CHARLES  H.  CHAPIV3AM, 

Representing  Chas.  Scribners’  Sons,  743  and  745  Broadway,  Xew  York, 

Charleston,  S.  C. 

Among  the  younger  men  who  have  lately  been  added  to  the  concourse  of  South 
Carolina’s  society,  and  whose  energies,  enterprise  and  vim  destine  the  great  and 
glorious  future  of  the  Palmetto  State,  we  note  the  above  representative  of  Chas. 
Scribners’  Sons,  known  wherever  in  the  world’s  domain  the  English  language  is 
spoken  for  the  many  excellent  publications  that  have  and  are  being  issued  from 
their  presses.  Mr.  Chapman,  who  attends  more  particularly  to  the  collection  de- 
partment on  the  Encyclopedia  Britanica,  too  well  known  as  civilization’s  Standard 
Boole  of  Reference  to  require  comment,  is  the  second  son  of  .James  Chapman,  F.  R. 
G.  S.,' the  distinguished  African  explorer,  and  was  born  in  Cape  Town.  Cape  of 
Good  Hope.  At  the  age  of  fifteen  he  left  home  and  for  over  eight  years  was  en- 
gaged in  travel,  gaining  that  experience  which  to-day  tends  to  make  him  such  a 
valuable  acquisition  to  the  business  and  social  circles  of  our  State.  He  was  three 
years  on  the  Kimberly  Diamond,  and  also  the  Transvaal  Gold  Fields,  and  served 
three  years,  ’76  to ’79,  in  the  Cape  Mounted  Rifles  in  the  Kaffir  wars,  being  engaged 
in  three  campaigns,  and  present  in  five  engagements.  He  was  later  engaged  in 
business  with  the  largest  auctioneering  house  in  Cape  Town  for  some  time,  and  in 
1881  went  to  England  with  his  wife  spending  six  months  in  traveling  there.  On 
the  2d  of  July.  ’82,  he  arrived  in  New  York,  and  was  over  a year  in  the  employ  of 
Patterson  & Neilson,  the  American  agents  of  Virtue  & Co.,  publishers.  Since  Oc- 
tober. ’83,  he  has  been  engaged  in  his  present  avocation,  making  Charleston  his 
adopted  city.  He  also  travels  in  Georgia  and  Florida,  and  carrying  to  our  doors 
the  most  valuable  addition  to  a library,  the  Encyclopedia  Britannica,  belongs  to  that 
class  of  mankind’s  benefactors,  who  brings  us  into  vivid  contact  with  all  ends  of  the 
universe,  all  phases  of  the  world’s  history,  all  races  of  men. 


SUMTER,  S.  C 


The  first  permanent  settlement  in  this  county  took  place  about  the  year  1750, 
at  which  time  Samuel  and  James  Bradley  located  themselves  in  the  eastern  part  of 
the  district  now  called  Salem.  Previous  to  this,  however,  the.  country  had  been  oc- 
cupied by  herdsmen,  who  raised  great  numbers  of  cattle,  and  who  moved  about 
from  place  to  place,  as  the  range  suited  them.  The  most  permanent  of  these  were 
the  Nelsons  (near  the  ferry  of  that  name),  who,  it  is  said,  marked  between  800  and 
1000  calves  every  spring.  The  Davises  were  located  near  Sumterville,  and  the 
Conyers,  Mellets  and  Canters,  in  the  eastern  part  of  the  district,  on  the  head 
branches  of  Black  river  and  Lynch’s  creek.  The  lands  about  the  high  hills  of  San- 
tee had  been  reserved  for  the  Scotch  after  the  rebellion  of  1745,  but  it  is  said  that 
when  they  arrived  on  the  coast  of  Carolina,  they  were  carried  by  contrary  winds 
into  Cape  Fear,  where  they  settled  on  Cross  creek.  The  lands  intended  for  them 
were  then  granted,  and  settled  chiefly  by  Virginians,  of  whom  the  most  noted  were 
Gen.  Sumter,  Gen.  Richardson  and  Col.  James.  The  first  settlers  here  were  Chil- 
let,  Mathers,  Nettlers  and  Furnam. 

The  county  was  named  after  General  Sumter,  whose  eminent  services  during 
the  Revolutionary  war  merit  the  highest  honors. 

Several  eminent  characters  originated  from  Sumter  district  during  the  Revolu- 
tionary war.  Among  the  most  distinguished  of  these  are  Gen.  Sumter,  who  died  on 
1st  June,  1832,  in  his  99th  year.  He  was  a Virginian  by  birth,  a volunteer  in  the 
French  and  Indian  war,  was  present  at  Braddock’s  defeat,  and  in  March,  1776,  be- 
came Lieutenant-Colonel  of  the  Second  Regiment  of  S.  C.  Riflemen.  After  the  cap- 
ture of  Charleston  in  1780,  he  took  refuge  in  the  swamps  of  the  Santee,  and,  with 
the  rank  of  Brigadier-General,  became  one  of  the  most  active  and  able  partisan 
leaders  in  the  South.  On  the  12th  July  he  defeated  a British  detachment  on  the 
Catawba;  on  the  following  August  he  was  routed  at  Fishing  creek  by  Tarleton.  He 
collected  another  corps,  and  on  the  12th  November  defeated  Col.  Wemyss  in  the 
Chester  district,  and  in  an  attack  of  Tarleton  on  his  camp  at  Blackstock’s  on  the 
Tyger  river  he  was  severely  wounded.  In  March,  ’81,  however,  he  raised  three  new 
regiments,  and  in  concert  with  Marion,  Pickens  and  others  harassed  the  enemy’s 
scattered  posts  in  the  low  country.  In  January,  1781,  Congress  passed  a resolution 
of  thanks  to  him  and  his  men.  He  was  a member  of  Congress  from  South  Carolina 
from  1789-’93  and  IT.  S.  Senator  in  1801-’09.  In  1809  he  was  appointed  Minister 
to  Brazil  for  two  years.  He  was  the  last  surviving  General  of  the  Revolution. 

Gen.  Richard  Richardson’s  name  early  appears  in  the  history  of  this  State.  He 
was  appointed  previous  to  the  Revolution  to  a responsible  position  by  the  British 
Government,  but  on  the  Revolution  taking  place  he  resigned  all  his  offices  and  en- 
tered with  enthusiasm  into  the  cause  of  his  country.  On  the  breaking  out  of  the 
war  he  was  appointed  a Colonel  by  the  Provincial  Congress  and  sent  with  a large 
body  of  militia  and  newly  raised  regulars  to  apprehend  the  leaders  of  the  royal  party 
in  the  upper  country,  which  orders  he  executed  with  great  moderation  and  propri- 
ety. The  celebrated  Dr.  Thomas  Reese  had  charge  of  a church  in  this  county  during 
the  Revolution. 

Col.  Manning,  the  father  of  Governor  Manning  of  South  Carolina,  distin- 
guished himself  in  the  war  of  the  Revolution.  He  was  in  the  memorable  battle  of 


282 


Town  of  Sumter, 


the  Eutaws  and  fought  with  determined  bravery.  At  the  siege  of  Augusta  he  had 
the  command  of  one  of  the  moving  batteries.  Sumter  district  has  the  honor  of 
giving  to  the  State,  Governors  Jas.  B.  Richardson  and  Richard  J.  Manning. 

The  county  is  located  near  the  interior  of  the  State.  Its  area  of  acreage  com- 
prises 850  square  miles.  The  population  of  the  district  in  1790  was  6.940:  in  1800, 
13,103;  1810,  19,054;  1820,  25,369;  1830,  28,277;  1840,  29,892;  1850,  33,222;  1860, 
23,859— this  reduction  is  owing  to  the  division  of  the  old  district  into  the  two 
counties  of  Sumter  and  Clarendon;  in  1870,  25,268;  1880,  37,037. 

The  county  is  bounded  on  the  northwest  by  Kershaw  county,  on  the  northeast 
by  Darlington,  on  the  south  by  Clarendon,  and  on  the  west  by  Richland  and  Ker- 
shaw counties.  The  soil  for  the  most  part  is  sandy,  some  portions  of  it  partake  of 
the  red  and  blue  clay.  In  the  bottom  lands,  the  soil  is  quite  black.  There  are  no 
rivers  within  the  county,  but  numerous  creeks  flow  through  it,  emptying  their 
black  waters  into  the  rivers  of  adjoining  counties.  Cotton,  corn,  rice,  wheat,  rye, 
oats,  sweet  potatoes,  and  nearly  all  kinds  vegetables  are  the  staple  products  of  the 
soil.  The  various  kinds  of  fruits  raised  in  the  county  are  apples,  peaches,  pears, 
figs,  grapes,  cherries,  etc. 

The  soil  being  of  a sandy  character  much  fertilizing  becomes  necessary,  and  all 
classes  of  this  are  used.  There  are  little  or  no  mineral  resources.  Various  kinds 
of  fish  abound  in  the  streams  and  ponds.  The  climate  is  mild,  and  exceedingly 
healthful,  except  where  the  swamp  lands  exist,  about  which  some  malaria  prevails. 
In  these  sections  the  long,  pendant  gray  moss  covers  the  branches  of  the  trees, 
which  though  very  picturesque,  are  of  miasmatic  creation. 

The  planters,  as  a general  thing,  are  quite  well-to-do;  some  of  whom  have 
very  large  plantations,  covering  an  area  of  several  thousand  acres. 

There  is  very  little  manufacturing  in  the  county.  Cotton  gins,  rice  mills, 
grist  mills,  saw  mills,  turpentine  stills,  however,  form  no  unimportant  feature  of 
the  county.  As  to  the  cotton  gins,  the  greater  part  of  them  are  run  by  so-called 
mule-power;  machinery,  however,  is  being  introduced,  and  it  will  not  be  so  very 
long  before  all  the  cotton  will  be  ginned  by  steam-power.  Another  important  feat- 
ure of  these  industries  is  the  saw  mills.  They  are  very  numerous  throughout  the 
pine  lands,  all,  of  course,  running  by  steam-power,  some  of  which  have  railways  and 
locomotives  running  from  the  works  into  the  forests,  hauling  logs  to  the  mills. 

The  religious  organizations  partake  of  the  Episcopal,  Methodist,  Baptist,  Pres- 
byterian and  Catholic.  There  is  no  Universalist,  Unitarian,  nor  Swedenborgian. 
The  colored  people  are  principally  Methodist  and  Baptist. 

As  we  have  said  above,  there  are  850  square  miles  in  the  county  of  Sumter.  The 
product  of  the  soil  is  chiefly  cotton,  corn,  oats,  rice  and  peas.  There  are  some  sec- 
tions not  so  good  as  others,  but  these  poorer  parts  have  been  brought  up  to  yield  well 
through  fertilization. " The  soil,  for  the  chief  part,  is  of  a sandy  character,  while 
some  of  it  partakes  of  clay,  and  in  some  instances  it  is  intermingled  as  to  sections. 

The  highways  throughout  the  county  are,  for  the  most  part,  in  good  condition, 
the  County  Commissioners  looking  well  after  this  part  of  their  duties.  The  rail- 
ways running  through  a portion  of  the  county  are  the  Wilmington.  Columbia  and 
Augusta,  and  the  Central  Railroad  of  South  Carolina.  There  is  a project  on  foot  to 
run  a railroad  from  Charleston  to  Gaffney  city,  through  Sumter  county,  connect- 
ing Bishopville  with  the  same. 

All  the  towns  in  the  county  are  mainly  dependent  upon  the  agricultural  re- 
sources of  the  county,  and  on  sale  day,  (the  1st  Monday  in  each  month,)  Sumter  has 
a large  influx  of  visitors. 

The  county  has  18  towns  and  trading  settlements  with  162  stores;  Sumterville. 
75;  Maysville,  21:  Bishopsville,  12:  Magnolia.  7;  Providence,  Wedgefield  and  Lynch- 
burg, 6;  Mannville  and  Shiloh.  5;  Spring  Hill  and  Statesburg,  4:  Sanders  and  Boy- 
kins. 2;  Bossard,  Claremont,  Durant,  Mechanicsville,  1 each.  Of  this?  number  seven 
deal  in  liquor,  one  in  hardware,  eight  in  dry  goods,  twenty-nine  miscellaneous,  and 
117  general  merchandise.  Seven  are  kept  by  colored  persons.  The  estimated 
wealth  of  the  storekeepers  is  $812,000. 


State  op  South  Carolina. 


283 


TOWN  OF  SUMTER, 

Or  Sumterville,  as  it  is  frequently  called,  is  located  near  the  centre  of  the  county,  within 
a few  miles  of  the  head  waters  of  the  Winyee  river,  on  the  Wilmington,  Columbia,  and 
Augusta  Railroad,  forty-seven  miles  west  of  Florence,  and  43  miles  east  of  Colum- 
bia: it  lies  in  latitude  33  deg.  53  min.  49  sec.  It  is  located  in  a level  section  of  the 
State,  the  soil  is  sandy  and  the  climate  at  all  seasons  most  agreeable.  The  temper- 
ature of  the  atmosphere  seldom  falls  below  zero,  and  barely  reaches  98  above  in 
midsummer.  It.  was  founded  in  1S00,  and  was  incorporated  in  1845.  The  first 
meeting  of  the  Council  took  place  in  January,  1846.  It  was  only  a village  till  the 
railroad  was  opened  in  1854,  from  Columbia  to  Wilmington,  since  when  it  has  grown 
slowly  but  steadily,  and  now  has  a population  of  some  2,400  inhabitants  within  its 
corporate  limits,  which  extend  three-fourths  of  a mile  in  every  direction  from  the 
courthouse  square  as  a centre.  The  population  is  mixed,  a large  proportion  are  of  Irish 
descent,  and  many  Hebrews  are  ill  business  here.  The  officers  consist  of  an  Intendant 
and  four  Wardens;  police  department,  of  a chief,  assistant  chief,  and  four  patrolmen; 
the  fire  department  consists  of  three  hand  engines,  two  of  which,  though  in  good 
order  are  not  used,  but  will  be  revived  in  time.  The  chief  of  this  department  is 
the  Intendant  of  the  town.  There  are  ten  miles  of  streets  with  elevated  side-walks 
of  rammed  clay.  Besides  the  courthouse  building,  there  is  a music  hall  fitted  for 
public  amusement;  charges  per  night,  including  rent,  license  and  lights,  $20.  Stores 
rent  from  $12.50  to  $60  per  month;  dwelling  houses  from  $5  to  $20. 

The  town  taxes  are  -fV  per  cent,  on  real,  and  T2„  per  cent,  on  personal  pro- 
perty, and  the  total  town  revenues  approximate  to  $10,000  per  annum.  The  town 
indebtedness  is  $12,000  for  the  music  hall,  fire  engines  and  floating  indebtedness 
from  1872  to  1878,  interest  seven  and  eight  per  cent. 

The  business  of  the  town  mainly  consists  of  the  mercantile  and  mechanical. 
There  is  the  Bellemont  cotton  factory,  saw  and  grist  mills,  but  no  machine  shops. 
The  stores  are  chiefly  confined  to  general  merchandise,  which  encompasses  dry  goods, 
groceries,  hardware,  woft  and  tin  ware,  boots,  shoes,  hats,  caps,  etc.  Among  the 
stores  in  the  town  there  are  several  that  would  reflect  credit  upon  a large  city,  being- 
two  stories  high,  built  of  brick  and  extensive  in  their  dimensions,  with  attractive 
fronts,  plate  glass  show  windows,  etc.  These  stores  rely  in  the  main  upon  the  coun- 
try trade,  which,  wdien  “cotton  moves,”  do  a good  business. 

The  yearly  sales  are  estimated  at  provisions,  $250,000;  dry  goods,  $200,000; 
hardware,  IlSO’OOO;  miscellaneous,  $100,000.  About  15,000  bales  of  cotton  are 
bought  straight  out. 

"There  are  ten  churches,  included  in  which  number  are,  one  Presbyterian,  one 
Episcopal,  one  Methodist,  one  Catholic,  one  Baptist  and  four  colored.  The  names 
of  the  pastors  of  the  white  churches  are  as  follows:  Presbyterian,  Rev.  N.  W.  Ed- 
munds; Episcopal,  Rev.  Theo.  A.  Porter;  Methodist,  Rev.  PI.  F.  Chreitzberg;  Bap- 
tist, Rev.  C.  C.  Brown;  Catholic,  Rev.  A.  J.  McNeil. 

There  are  two  educational  institutions  in  the  town  of  note,  viz:  the  St.  Jo- 
seph’s Academy,  under  the  supervision  of  the  Sisters  of  Mercy,  and  the  Sumter  In- 
stitute, under  the  management  of  Mrs.  Brown  and  Miss  Cooper.  There  is  also  a 
High  School,  under  the  Principalship  of  Mr.  Thos.  McQueen.  Other  schools  are 
here,  both  paid  and  free. 

As  to  the  sanitary  condition  of  the  town,  it  may  he  stated  that  there  are  only 
four  physicians  in  thefown,  viz:  Bossard,  Blanding,  Hughson  and  Moody,  and  that 
these  gentlemen  have  very  little  to  do,  owing  to  the  general  healthfulness  of  this 
section. 

In  respect  to  the  railroad  connections  of  this  town,  the  TV .,  C.  and  A.  R.  R.  and 
the  Central  R.  R.  of  S.  C.  have  their  depot  here.  The  former  connects  Wilming- 
ton, N.  C.,  with  Columbia,  S.  C.,  and  the  latter  runs  from  Sumter  to  Lanes’  sta- 
tion to  the  Northeastern  R.  R.  These  two  lines  of  railroad  convey  much  freight 
over  their  roads  and  are  a connecting'  link  with  all  other  railroads  in  the  South. 

Of  the  hotels  there  are  two— Jervey  House  and  the  Suares  House. 


284 


Town  of  Sumter, 


COUNTY  STATISTICS. 

Agricultural. 

Number  of  acres  planted  in  and  total  yield  of  different  products  in  1882 — 
Cotton  64,437  acres,  15,014,621  lbs.  of  lint;  corn  52,913  acres,  634,956  bushels; 
oats  8,416  acres,  151,488  bushels;  wheat  460  acres,  4,140  bushels;  rice  2,010  acres, 
1,256,250  lbs. ; sorghum  10  acres,  400  gallons;  sugarcane  10  acres,  500  gallons; 
sweet  potatoes  1,072  acres,  272,136  bushels;  Irish  potatoes  75  acres,  18,750 
bushels;  peas  8,652  acres, 51, 912  bushels;  yield  of  cotton  to  the  acre  is  233  pounds  of 
lint,  the  second  highest  result  of  any  county  in  the  State;  average  cost  of 
producing  a 500  lbs.  bale  is  $40;  market  gardens  713;  honey  8,748  lbs.  made; 
890  lbs.  wax;  milk  2,026  gallons  sold;  butter  58,368  lbs.  made;  cheese  555  lbs. 
made;  poultry  48,024;  eggs  105,581  dozen  sold;  apples  5,460  bushels;  peaches  1,612 
bushels. 

STOCK  ON  HAND. 

Working  oxen  876;  milch  cows  3,173;  other  cattle  3,793;  sheep  2,163;  lambs 
dropped  922;  pounds  of  fleece  5,712;  annual  cost  of  raising  sheep  is  40  cts.  per  head, 
and  average  cost  of  raising  a pound  of  wool  is  10  cents,  selling  at  25  cents;  the 
Merinos  are  best  adapted  to  the  county,  in  some  parts  much  attention  is  paid  to  im- 
provement of  breeds.  The  Merinos  are  generally  preferred.  A breeder  writes,  ‘T 
brought  over  the  first  Merino  buck  to  this  county  several  years  ago,  its  large  clip 
brought  the  profits  of  the  industry  to  the  front,  and  the  interest  has  steadily  in- 
creased. The  average  yield  of  unwashed  wool  per  sheep  is  44  lbs.  Cotton  seed  is 
becoming  a favorite  food.”  There  are  19,419  swine  in  the  county. 

Fertilizers  used  in  tons — Ammoniated  1,537;  acid  phosphate  722;  kainit  600; 
chemicals  150;  total  3,009;  amount  used  in  composting  662. 

Amount  of  farm  supplies  purchased  $975,000,  on  time  $780,000,  both  figures 
among  the  highest  in  the  State.  Cash  and  time  prices  of  following  articles 
sold  in  1882:  corn  $1.11  and  $1.43  per  bushel;  bacon  12  and  15  cents  per  pound: 
flour  $8.00  and  $12.00  per  bbl. ; meal  $1.12  and  $1.36  per  bushel;  hay  $1.25 
and  $1.75  per  hundred. 

Improved  agricultural  implements  in  use  are,  6 sowers,  20  reapers,  3 sulkies. 
500  guano  distributors,  100  harrows,  40  steam  engines  on  farms,  with  1.000  total 
horse  power.  The  supply  of  colored  labor  is  not  equal  to  the  demand;  wages 
paid  to  male  and  female  farm  labors  is  $6  and  $5  a month,  with  board  and 
generally  extra  land  to  plant,  from  two  to  five  acres  per  hand. 

MANUFACTURES  AND  MINES. 

There  is  one  cotton  mill  owned  by  the  Bellemont  Manufacturing  Company,  lo- 
cated in  Sumterville,  employing  $60,000  capital,  consuming  annually  385.000 
pounds,  producing  of  yarn  335,000  pounds.  It  has  1.864  spindles,  and  employs  38 
hands;  it  is  driven  entirely  by  a 75  horse-power  steam  engine.  There  are  73  flour 
and  grist  mills  in  the  county,  employing  50  white  and  115  colored  hands,  $130,000 
capital,  and  giving  an  annual  product  valued  at  $400,000:  average  toll  is  utli. 

There  are  31  lumber  mills,  employing  150  white  and  200  colored  hands,  200 
horses  and  mules,  $150,000  capital,  giving  an  annual  product  valued  at  $200,000. 
Increase  of  business  this  year  over  1883,  25  per  cent.  There  are  10  turpentine 
establishments,  employing  25  white  and  125  colored  hands,  $10,000  capital,  value  of 
annual  product,  $15,000,  annual  outturn,  600  barrels  spirits,  3,000  barrels  of  rosin. 

REAL  ESTATE,  ETC. 

There  is  any  quantity  of  land  for  sale  in  this  county  at  from  $5  to  $10  per  acre. 

Real  estate  not  in  cities,  towns  and  villages — arable  or  plow  lands,  161,440  acres, 
$776,355;  meadow  and  pasture  lands,  1,130  acres,  $4,000;  wood,  uncultivated  and 
marsh  land,  354,630  acres,  $1,089,995;  buildings,  7,191,  value  $424,750;  total  acres, 
517,200,  value,  $1,870,350;  total  value  of  county  real  estate,  $2,295,100. 


State  oe  South  Cakolina. 


285 


Real  estate  in  cities,  towns  and  villages — lots,  615,  value,  $181,110;  buildings 
tliereon,  795,  value,  $362,535;  total  value  of  urban  real  estate,  $543,645;  total 
value  of  all  taxable  real  estate,  $2,838,745;  total  value  of  all  taxable  personal 
property,  $1,419,555;  per  capita.  $38.32.  Total  assessed  value  of  property, 
$4,254,690. 

Railroad  property — Central,  $5,000  per  mile,  10  miles;  total  taxable  value, 
$50,600.  South  Carolina,  $14,000  per  mile,  24  miles,  total  value,  $337,600.  Wil- 
mington, Columbia  and  Augusta,  $10,500  per  mile,  35^  miles,  total  value,  $374,310. 
Total  value  of  all  railroad  property,  $762,510. 

Taxes  in  mills — State  tax,  4f;  school  tax,  2;  ordinary  county,  24;  deficiencies 
for  county,  4;  funding  county  indebtedness,  14;  total,  11. 


Jd- 


370  King  St. 

One  door  above  George , 
Charleston , S.  C. 


THE  f MANUFACTURERS’  RECORD, 


BALTIMORE,  MD. 


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deserves  a wide  circulation  throughout  the  Southern 
States.  It  has  a branch  office  at  Atlanta.  Ga.,  under 
the  management  of  Col.  I.  W.  Avery. — Charleston, 
S.  C.,  News  and  Courier. 

No  more  welcome  journal,  or  one  whose  columns 
we  take  more  pleasure  in  scanning,  finds  its  way  to 
our  office  than  the  Man  fact  ers  Record,  of  Baltimore. 
It  is  devoted  exclusively  to  Soul  hern  material  ad- 
vancement, and  each  week  c mains  a list  of  all  new 
Sou  i hern  industries.  Its  editorials  are  sound  a d 
readable,  and  the  entire  paper  is  handsomely  gotten 
up.  We  would  be  gratified  if  some  of  our  residents 
would  read  it  long  enough  to  become  imbued  with 
the  spirit  of  progress  its  columns  unfold,  and  then 
put  the  lessons  they  learn  to  practical  use  in  our 
midst.— Neiv  Era , Amherst,  Ya. 


— BY 

BIGSBY  & EDMONDS, 

OFFICE,  71  & 73  EXCHANGE  PLACE, 
BALTIMORE,  MB. 


REPRESENTATIVE  HOUSES  AND  PROMINENT  MEN 


— OF — 

SUMTER,  S.  C. 


THOS.  B.  FftASE??, 

Circuit  Judge. 


Thos.  B.  Fraser,  son  of  Lawson  L.  and 
Mrs.  Hanna  A.  Fraser,  the  former  of 
whom  is  now  in  his  81st  year,  was  born 
near  Mechanicsville  in  Sumter  county, 
27th  October,  1825,  and  has  all  his  life 
been  identified  with  his  native  county  as 
well  as  with  the  advancement  in  intelli- 
gence and  correct  working  of  the  laws  of 
the  whole  State.  He  prepared  for  col- 
lege with  W.  W.  Austin,  one  of  the  best- 
classical  scholars  of  his  day,  of  whom 
Judge  Green  was  also  a pupil.  He  gradu- 
ated from  S.  C.  University  in  1845  and 
pursued  the  study  of  law  with  Chancel- 


lor Caldwell  in  Columbia.  He  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  May,  1847,  and  set- 
tling in  Sumter  commenced  the  practice 
of  law,  in  which  profession  his  career  has 
been  one  of  marked  success.  He  was  first- 
in  partnership  with  E.  M.  Anderson;  la- 
ter a younger  brother  joined  the  firm, 
which  was  known  as  Frasers  & Ander- 
son. He  was  then  in  copartnership  with 
Major  Wm.  Hainsworth,  the  senior  mem- 
ber of  the  Sumter  bar.  After  the  war 
Wm.  F.  B.  Hainsworth  joined  the  firm, 
which  later  became  Fraser,  Hainsworth 
& Cooper. 

The  Judge’s  fort,  if  it  lay  in  one 
thing  more  than  another,  was  in  his 
knowledge  of  the  law,  which  generally 
brought  him  off  victorious  in  the  plead- 
ing or  defence  of  his  cases.  In  ’58,  in 
’60,  ’62  and  ’64  he  was  continuously 
returned  to  the  Legislature  from  this 
county,  but  was  also  in  the  service  of 
the  Confederacy  on  the  staff  of  Gen. 
(then  Col.)  Kershaw,  was  in  Virginia, 
and  later  in  other  branches  of  the  ser- 
vice. As  a legislator  he  served  his  con- 
stituency faithfully  with  credit  to  him- 
self, and  in  1877  was  elected  without 
opposition  to  fill  the  unexpired  term  of 
Senator  Johnson.  At  the  general  elec- 
tion, 1878,  he  was  re-elected  unopposed 
to  his  seat  in  the  Senate,  and  in  Decem- 
ber of  the  same  year  was  elected  unop- 
posed to  the  vacancy  then  occurring  on 
the  Circuit  Bench  for  the  Third  Judicial 
District  by  the  death  of  Judge  Shaw, 
who  had  filled  the  office  with  ability  and 
with  entire  satisfaction  to  all.  He  has 


m 


Town  of  Sumter, 


since  filled  that  position  as  becomes  a 
lawyer  of  experience  and  judgment  to  the 
gratification  of  the  people,  the  jury  and 
the  bar.  He  was  eight  years  County 
Chairman  and  on  Haskell’s  famous  ex- 
ecutive committee.  In  his  younger  days 
he  was  member  of  the  Sons  of  Tempe- 
rance. At  home  in  his  own  county  he  is 
popular  and  well  known  to  a large  circle 
of  friends  and  the  body  of  the  people. 
He  has  been  twice  married  and  has  two 
daughters  and  two  sons,  one  of  whom  is 
a rising  member  of  the  law  fraternity  in 
Sumter  and  the  oldest  is  a Presbyterian 
minister  in  Kentucky. 


JNO.  ^ESD, 

General  Merchant. 


The  growth  and  development  that  has 
marked  the  commercial  history  of  Sum- 
ter during  this  decade- is  nowhere  more 
strikingly  illustrated  than  by  a reference 
to  such  houses  as  the  above.  The  house 
was  founded  in  1874.  and  growing  up 
with  the  town,  has  had  a most  salutary 
effect  on  local  trade  and  industry,  and 
to-day  stands  as  one  of  the  leading  en- 
terprises of  the  county  and  financially 
rests  on  a base  such  as  few  other  firms 
have.  The  premises  occupied,  large  and 
commodious,  are  24x90  feet.  The  stock 
runs  about  $20,000  in  value,  consists  of 
a full  line  of  dry  goods,  dress,  fancy  and 
white  goods  from  the  best  foreign  and 
domestic  looms,  from  silks,  velvets  and 
brocades,  to  goods  of  common  and 
medium  quality,  a large  assortment  of 
notions,  gloves,  millinery,  shawls,  ladies 
dolmans,  cloaks  and  wraps,  etc.,  the 
latest  styles  in  hats  and  caps,  boots  and 
shoes  in  sizes  to  suit  all  wearers,  fresh 
staple  and  fancy  groceries,  hardware, 
etc.  Goods  are  received  direct  from  first 
hands  in  large  quantities,  and  it  is  in 


buying  for  cash  that  Mr.  Reid  is  enabled 
to  carry  on  business  on  the  soundest 
financial  principles,  and  offer  to  cus- 
tomers his  wares  at  the  very  lowest  prices. 
He  enjoys  the  reputation  of  being  the 
best  buyer  in  Sumter.  His  trade  extends 
over  Sumter  and  Clarendon  counties  and 
is  annually  increasing;  five  competent 
hands  are  employed  who  are  attentive  to 
callers.  Mr.  Reid  also  supplies  his 
patrons  with  fertilizers,  and  in  a good 
season  will  handle  1,000  bales  of  cotton. 
Mr.  Reid  was  born  in  County  Antrim, 
Ireland,  and  came  to  the  United  States 
and  to  Charleston  in  1857.  He  was  all 
through  the  war  from  first  to  last  and 
did  good  service  for  the  Confederacy  first 
six  months  in  Pettigrew's  1st  Regiment 
of  Militia,  and  later  with  Hampton's 
Cavalry,  participating  in  the  many  en- 
gagements Gary’s  Brigade  was  engaged 
in  at  Appomattox.  At  the  return  of 
peace  he  settled  in  Sumter  where  he  has 
gained  the  entire  confidence  of  the  com- 
munity as  an  honorable  merchant  and 
useful  citizen.  He  organized  and  was 
several  years  Captain  of  the  Sumter 
Light  Infantry,  is  an  active  member  of 
the  Presbyterian  Church,  and  a large 
real  estate  owner  in  town.  In  1872,  he 
married  the  daughter  of  the  Hon.  John 
1ST.  Frierson,  one  of  the  wealthiest  men 
of  this  county,  and  by  her  has  a family 
of  four  sons  and  two  daughters. 


COL.  JAS.  D.  BLANDSNG, 

Grandson  of  Chancellor  DeSaussure, 
and  nephew  of  W.  F.  DeSaussure,  Uni- 
ted States  Senator,  is  the  oldest  practising 
attorney  of  this  county.  He  was  born 
in  Charleston  and  finished  his  education 
by  graduating  from  S.  C.  College  in 
1842.  He  then  studied  law.  and  began 
the  battle  of  life  in  Sumter,  where  he 
has  since  conducted  a large,  successful 
and  growing  practice,  and  now  is  an  au- 
thority on  all  matters  of  equity,  and  per- 
taining to  the  titles  of  land  in  this  judi- 
cial district.  Apart  from  his  immediate 
profession  he  has  gained  distinction.  In 
the  Mexican  war  he  served  on  the  staff 
of  Gen.  Shiels’,  Gen.  Quitman  and  Gen. 
Patterson,  with  the  famous  Palmetto 
Regiment,  and  in  the  late  civil  strife  as 
Colonel  of  the  Ninth  Regiment  S.  C. 
Volunteers,  he  rendered  gallant  service 


State  op  South  Carolina. 


289 


to  the  Confederacy,  both  on  the  coast 
and  in  Virginia.  In  his  younger  days 
he  was  several  times  Intendant  of  this 
town,  and  also  represented  this  county 
in  the  State  Legislature  from  1850  to 
1858.  From  1870  to  1882,  he  was  Chair- 
man of  the  County  Democratic  Execu- 
tive Committee.  Conservative  in  his 
actions,  and  sound  in  his  judgment,  the 
Colonel  has  always  enjoyed  the  confi- 
dence of  both  Democrats  and  the  better 
class  of  Republicans.  He  is  this  year- 
nominated  Presidential  Elector  from  the 
Seventh  Congressional  District.  He  has 
been  Trustee  of  the  South  Carolina  Col- 
lege since  187G.  He  is  President  of  the 
contemplated  railroad  from  Georgetown 
to  the  North  Carolina  line,  and  has  held 
from  time  to  time  many  other  high  po- 
sitions. He  was  one  of  the  founders  of 
the  Masonic  Lodge  in  Sumter  county,  is 
a man  of  great  general  experience, 
straightforward  in  his  dealings  and  is 
endowed  with  a capacity  for  successfully 
prosecuting  large  undertakings.  He  is 
assisted  in  his  law  business  by  his  son  and 
partner,  Win.  D.  Blanding,  who  was 
born  in  Sumter,  educated  at  Davidson 
College,  studied  law  under  his  father 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1878. 


JOSEPH  H.  EARLE, 

State  Senator, 


If  the  author  wishes  to  be  true  to 
history  he  must  certainly  accord  a con- 


spicuous place  to  one  who  has  played  an 
important  part  as  a statesman,  and  who 
has  distinguished  himself  in  the  arena 
of  that  profession  of  which  he  has  been 
a faithful  student  and  advocate  from  his 
earliest  years.  Joseph  H.  Earle  was 
born  in  Greenville,  30th  April,  1847. 
During  the  last  year  of  the  war  he 
served  with  Charles’  Battery  from  Dar- 
lington, first  near  Charleston,  and  lat- 
terly with  J ohnson’s  Army,  surrendering 
at  Greensboro’.  In  ’67  and  ’68  he  grad- 
uated from  Furman  University,  and 
for  two  sessions  was  principal  of 
Chick’s  Springs  Academy — 60  pupils — 
and  at  same  time  studied  law  with  Jno. 
H.  Stokes  of  Greenville,  and  then  with 
J.  S.  Murray  at  Anderson.  He  mar- 
ried in  1869  a Miss  Earle  of  Greenville, 
and  in  1870  was  admitted  to  the  bar. 
He  practiced  two  years  in  Anderson, 
and  in  ’72  removed  to  Sumter.  In  ’78 
at  Columbia,  and  again  in  ’80  at  Charles- 
ton; he  was  one  of  the  leading  counsel 
for  the  defense  in  the  famous  election 
cases.  These  trials  were  held  before  the 
United  States  Courts,  when  some  of  the 
ablest  talent  of  the  State  was  on  the 
side  of  the  prosecution;  they  have  per- 
haps invoked  more  comment  and  inter- 
est than  any  cases  that  have  come  up  for 
solution  at  the  bar  in  the  last  decade, 
and  involving  very  salient  and  danger- 
ous points  in  political  freedom,  the  fail- 
ure of  the  prosecution  to  convict,  re- 
flects great  credit  on  the  ability  of  the 
defense.  Col.  Earle  now  does  perhaps 
the  most  extensive  practice  in  this 
county.  When  he  first  came  to  Sumter 
he  practiced  alone;  from  ’77  to  ’79  the 
firm  was  Blanding  & Earle,  and  from 
’79  till  elected  to  the  Senate  in  ’82,  it 
was  Earle  & Beard,  now  he  is  alone. 
The  Colonel  in ’76  was  nominated  for  the 
Legislature  but  defeated  by  the  Radi- 
cals. In  ’78  he  was  however  returned 
by  a large  majority.  In  the  House  his 
voice  became  as  familiar  on  all  questions 
of  discussion  as  it  was  to  the  bench  and 
many  a jury.  In  the  House  lie  was  on 
the  educational  committee;  in  ’80  he  de- 
clined re-election.  In  ’82  he  was  elected 
to  the  Senate,  which  post  he  holds  till 
’86.  The  Colonel  is  a leading  member 
of  the  Finance  Committee — the  most 
important  one  in  the  Senate— and  other 
committees.  A concise  reasoner,  with  a 


290 


Town  of  Sumter, 


sonorous  voice  whose  depth  Demosthenes 
might  have  envied,  the  Senator  from 
Sumter  is  one  of  the  best  known  to  the 
people  of  the  State,  and  one  of  the  most 
influential  among  his  Senatorial  con- 
freres. He  has  taken  a prominent  part 
on  all  the  principal  discussions  in  that 
august  assembly,  and  faithful  in  his 
duties,  considers  his  own  concerns  and 
and  personal  ease  subservient  to  the 
wishes  and  interests  of  his  constituency. 
He  was  delegate  to  the  Cincinnati  Con- 
vention of  ’80  and  again  to  Chicago  in 
’84,  and  was  member  of  the  committee 
appointed  to  notify  the  candidates  of 
their  nomination.  He  was  four  years, 
up  to  ’84,  member  of  the  State  Execu- 
tive Committee.  He  was  the  first  Cap- 
tain of  the  Sumter  Light  Infantry.  He 
is  a member  of  the  Ki.  Si.  of  his  Alma 
Mater,  of  the  K.  of  H.,  and  the  Ameri- 
can Legion  of  Honor, 


CAPTAIN  W.  R.  DILGAR, 

County  Auditor, 

Was  born  in  Colleton,  raised  in  Charles- 
ton and  graduated  from  St.  Philip’s 
Street  School  in  1850.  The  war  found 
him  assistant  book-keeper  on  Fraser’s 
wharf.  At  the  bombardment  of  Fort 
Sumter,  he  was  with  the  Palmetto 
Guards  on  the  Island,  and  after  that 
stronghold  came  into  the  hands  of  the 
Confederates,  he  joined  the  siege  train  of 
Major  Buist,  whose  celebrated  work  in 
defending  a fortress  that  defied  the  na- 
val power  of  America  for  three  years,  is 
a matter  of  record,  lie  served  on  the 
coast  till  the  evacuation  of  the  city,  when 
he  joined  Johnson's  army  and  surren- 
dered at  Greensboro.  He  returned  on 
foot  to  Charleston,  and  walked  back  to 
Sumter,  and  in  the  then  unsettled  state 
of  the  country  started  a small  store  at 
Providence,  in  this  county.  In  October 
of  the  same  year,  he  returned  to  the  “old 
City  by  the  Sea,”  and  was  in  the  office  of 
Gruber  & Martin  till  the  following  No- 
vember. He  then  married  a Sumter 
lady  and  settled  in  this  county,  being  en- 
gaged in  farming  till  1872,  when  he  be- 
came book-keeper  to  J.  T.  Solomons 
till  the  latter  died  in  1875.  He 
engaged  as  a cotton  buyer  two 
years  and  ran  the  planter’s  warehouse 
till  1881,  when  he  was  nominated  for 


County  Auditor.  He  was  appointed  in 
1882.  This  year  he  will  be  re-appointed 
unopposed.  In  1880  he  was  Intendant 
of  the  town,  and  from  1882  to  18S4, 
County  Chairman.  This  year  he  has 
declined  re-election  to  the  County  Chair- 
manship. For  five  years  he  Captained 
the  Sumter  Light  Infantry,  command- 
ing them  at  York  town,  in  1881,  and  re- 
signing on  his  return  from  that  fete.  He 
is  in  the  K.  of  H.,  K.  and  L.  of  H.,  the 
American  Legion  of  IT.,  and  is  a weighty 
and  strong  man  in  the  furtherance  of  the 
interests  of  the  community. 


COL.  THOS.  V.  WALSH, 

Probate  Judge, 

Was  born  in  Charleston,  attended  the 
primary  schools  there,  and  prepared  for 
college  at  Mt.  Zion,  Winnsboro’.  Leav- 
ing school,  for  several  years  he  clerked  in 
his  native  city.  He  was  two  years  on  the 
S.  C.  K.  1L,  and  in  ’52  settled  in  this 
county.  From  ’53  till  the  war  he  was  in 
the  firm  of  Pate  & Walsh.  Capt.  Walsh 
had  for  eighteen  months  commanded  the 
Claremount  Troop  and  in  November,  ’61, 
mustered  them  into  the  general  army  as 
Company  A of  the  Holcombe  Legion 
Cavalry.  At  the  first  battle  the  Legion 
was  engaged  in,  Williamsburg,  the  enemy 
having  retreated,  it  was  thought  victory 
was  won;  they,  however,  returned  to 
offer  battle.  Our  troops  in  column  of 
fours  were  ordered  to  charge.  Company 
A at  the  head  of  the  command  wavered. 
Its  Captain,  acting  as  Major  at  the  time, 
observing  their  confusion,  gallantly 
rushed  to  their  assistance,  and  waving 
his  sabre  over  his  head,  induced  them  to 
advance.  “Men,”  he  said,  “if  you  can- 
not fight  on  your  own  soil,  where  will  you 
fight  7"  The  result  was  a bold  imposing 
charge,  the  whole  regiment  following, 
and  the  enemy  fled.  " In  1S63  he  was 
promoted  to  the  rank  of  Lieutenant- 
Colonel  of  the  caValry  of  the  Legion. 
In  this  service  he  contracted  rheumatism, 
by  which  even  now  he  often  loses  the  use 
of  his  arm  and  feet.  He  also  partially  lost 
his  voice,  in  consequence  of  which  he 
was  honorably  retired  aud  assigned  to 
duty  as  inspector  of  conscripts  in  the 
Fourth  Congressional  District.  After 
the  war  he  engaged  in  mercantile  life  in 
the  firm  of  Green,  Watson  & Walsh,  af- 


State  of  South  Carolina. 


291 


terwards  Green  & Walsli.  who  dissolved 
in  ’73.  He  then  formed  the  partnership 
of  Walsh  & Flowers,  who  continued  till 
*76.  The  following  year  Col.  Walsh  was 
appointed  Trial  Justice.  In  November, 
1878,  he  was  elected  Probate  Judge,  in 
*80  and  again  in  *82  lie  was  re-elected  un- 
opposed, and  again  this  year.  Col.  Walsh 
was  also  in  1880  appointed  Clerk  of  the 
Board  of  County  Commissioners.  He  is 
a Chapter  Mason,  Ex-Deputy  Grand 
Master  of  this  Congressional  District,  and 
has  always  discharged  the  trusts  submit- 
ted to  him  faithfully  and  well. 


WILLIAM  H.  CUTTING, 

County  Clerk. 


A well  known  and  prominent  citizen  of 
Sumter  county,  was  horn  in  Richland 
and  received  his  early  education  at  the 
Indigo  Society  School  in  Georgetown.  At 
the  outbreak  of  the  civil  war  he  joined 
the  Hampton  Legion,  and  at  second  Ma- 
nassas lie  was  wounded  for  life  by  a shell 
in.  the  arm  and  breast.  He  returned 
home  and  in  the  following  year  married 
Miss  Conors,  of  Clarendon  county,  and 
has  a family  of  four  hoys  and  seven  girls. 
He  farmed  in  Williamsburg  county  till 
1870  when  he  came  to  Sumter  and  en- 
gaged as  a bookkeeper.  In  December. 
1880,  he  was  nominated  and  elected  Clerk 
of  the  Court.  This  year  he  is  unop- 
posed for  re-election.  The  work  of  his 
life,  apart  from  immediate  business,  has 
been  in  the  cause  of  prohibition.  He  has 
been  twelve  years  a strong  advocate  in 
this  direction,  and  from  *76  till  *80  was 
Grand  Chief  Templar  of  the  Order,  and 
delegate  four  different  times  to  the  World*s 
Grand  Lodge  at  Portland,  Chicago.  Wil- 
mington and  New  York.  He  is  also  a 
Mason,  several  times  a representative  to 
the  Grand  Lodge,  is  a member  of  the  K. 


of  H.,  K.  and  L.  of  H.  and  Legion  of 
Honor,  and  a man  who  is  ever  active  in 
promoting  purity  in  politics,  good  gov- 
ernment and  the  public  welfare. . He  is 
County  Chairman  of  the  Democratic 
party  for  this  county  for  the  present 
campaign,  and  has  been  Moderator  of 
the  Santee  Baptist  Association  for  the 
last  four  years. 


ST.  JOSEPH’S  ACADEMY. 

It  is  a subject  of  comment  that  the 
existence  of  a well  established  and  grow- 
ing educational  institution  in  any  com- 
munity affords  not  only  a great  advan- 
tage to  the  people  of  the  section  wherein 
it  is  located,  but  adds  much  both  to  the 
attractiveness  of  the  town  as  a place  of 
residence,  and  to  parents,  with  whom  a 
first  and  very  important  question  is, 
“Where  can  we  have  our  children  edu- 
cated ?’*  It  is,  therefore,  with  pride  that 
Sumter  holds  out  superior  inducements 
to  parents  and  guardians  for  the  bring- 
ing up  of  their  daughters  at  St.  Joseph’s 
Academy.  The  Academy  is  under  the 
care  of  the  Sisters  of  Our  Lady  of  Mercy, 
and  is  subservient  to  the  Mother  House 
in  Charleston.  The  school  was  started 
in  1862,  in  Sumter,  as  a more  peaceful 
place  to  conduct  studies  in  than  at 
Charleston  during  the  years  of  bombard- 
ment and  siege.  The  Sisters  erected  in 
that  year  the  two-story  building  which 
now  forms  but  a small  part  of  the  struc- 
tures which  have  been  since  built.  The 
number  of  pupils  has  steadily  increased, 
and  this  year  there  are  over  seventy  day 
scholars  and  boarders.  The  course  of 
instruction  comprises  orthography,  read- 
ing, writing,  grammar,  rhetoric,  compo- 
sition, ancient  and  modern  history  and 
geography,  botany,  philosophy,  chemis- 
try, astronomy  and  use  of  globes,  alge- 
bra. etc.,  etc. 

The  scholastic  year  of  ten  months  con- 
sists of  two  sessions,  or  four  quarters — 
each  session  payable  half  in  advance. 
The  first  session,  commencing  the  first 
Monday  in  September,  closes  January 
31st.  The  second  session,  commencing 
February  1st,  closes  July  1st,  with  pub- 
lic exercises. 

General  Rules. 

Each  pupil  requires  a good  supply  of 
comfortable  clothing — dark  skirts  for 


292 


Town  of  Sumter, 


winter — black  alpaca  aprons;  if  con- 
venient, silver  cup,  spoon  and  fork, 
marked  with  name;  one  pair  of  blankets, 
two  pairs  of  sheets  and  pillow  cases — 
combs  and  brushes. 

No  undue  influence  used  on  the  re- 
ligious principles  of  the  pupils;  but,  to 
insure  regularity,  all  must  conform  to 
the  general  rules  of  the  institution.  The 
correspondence  of  the  pupils  is  subject 
to  the  inspection  of  the  Superioress  of 
the  Academy,  but  by  no  means  restricted 
as  regards  parents  or  guardians.  In  order 
to  meet  the  exigencies  of  the  times  we 
have  resolved  to  reduce  our  terms  for 
boarders,  as  far  as  the  expenses  of  our 
location  will  permit. 

Terms  for  Boarders. 

Board,  washing,  bedding,  fuel  and 
light,  with  tuition  in  all  the  English 
branches,  piano  music  included,  for  one 
scholastic  year  of  ten  months,  8200.00; 
English  tuition  for  day  pupils,  per  quar- 
ter, 86,  88.  812,  815;  the  French,  Italian 
and  Latin  languages  with  drawing,  paint- 
ing and  vocal  music  form  extra  charges. 
Graduating  fee,  810.  The  establishment 
is  an  ornament  to  the  town.  The  main 
building  is  a large  three-story  structure 
entirely  surrounded  on  every  floor  by 
wide  piazzas,  and  in  the  heat  of  the  sum- 
mer is  cool  and  airy.  The  first  floor  is  en- 
tirely given  up  to  class  rooms  which  by 
means  of  folding  doors  can  be  thrown  into 
one  long  hall;  the  second  is  used  as  resi- 
dence and  more  class  rooms  and  the  top 
floor  is  devoted  to  dormitories.  The 
chapel  forms  a wing  to  this  building,  and 
over  it  are  still  more  class  rooms.  The 
further  building  is  given  over  to  the 
kitchen  and  dining  room,  which  are  thus 
separate  from  the  main  portion  of  the 
establishment,  while  up-stairs  are  more 
large  sleeping  rooms.  The  grounds  at- 
tached cover  some  six  acres,  comprise  a 
vegetable  garden,  orchard,  play  ground, 
etc.,  and  give  ample  room  for  pupils  to 
romp.  Pupils  who  have  passed  through 
the  whole  curriculum,  are  fully  prepared 
for  the  battle  of  life,  and  the  writer  be- 
ing personally  acquainted  with  many  who 
have  been  nurtured  in  its  fold,  knows 
that  they  hold  a high  and  useful  place  in 
the  social  circles  of  the  State.  The 
graduates  also  who  seek  situations  have 
never  failed  to  readily  obtain  a place. 


C.  E.  STUBBS, 

Resident  Cash  Cotton  Buyer. 


The  above  gentleman,  a well  known 
business  man  and  prominent  resident  of 
Sumter,  was  born  and  raised  in  Brights- 
ville,  Marlboro’ county;  was  a member  of 
Twenty-First  Regiment,  S.  C.Y.,  during 
the  civil  war;  was  wounded  at  Port  Wal- 
thal  Junction.  After  the  surrender  at 
Greensboro’  he  returned  to  his  native 
county  to  find  nothing  but  desolation,  as 
the  Union  army  had  just  passed  through. 
After  farming  two  years,  in  Jan.,  186?, 
hs  came  to  Sumter  and  clerked  for  A, 
A.  Solomons,  where  his  first  idea  of  busi- 
ness was  obtained,  afterwards  for  Pate  & 
Taylor.  He  then  went  in  business  for 
himself  as  member  of  the  firm  Pate  & 
Stubbs,  successors  to  Pate  d Taylor, 
which  copartnership  lasted  : wo  years.  In 
1872  Mr.  Stubbs  entered  into  the  cotton 
business,  at  which  he  had  already  gained 
great  experience  from  his  former  part- 
ner, Mr.  L.  G.  Pate,  and  from  that  time 
has  steadily  increased  his  popularity,  till 
now  eight-tenths  of  the  cotton  unincum- 
bered brought  to  town  is  sold  to  him. 
He  represents  the  house  of  D.  R.  Mur- 
chison & Co.,  Wilmington,  X.  C.,  the 
largest  exporters  in  that  State.  He  buys 
on  order  and  also  on  his  own  account:  is 
the  only  resident  cash  cotton  buyer  in 
Sumter.  Perhaps  for  this  reason  the 
growers  prefer  selling  to  him  when  he  is 
in  the  market.  He  also  purchases  at  dif- 
ferent depots  in  this  and  adjoining  coun- 
ties. Mr.  Stubbs  conducts  in  summer  a 
supply  business.  With  twelve  years  ex- 
perience he  is  well  posted  on  cotton,  and 
while  he  purchases  judiciously  at  lowest 
figures  he  tries  to  give  everyone  satisfac- 
tion. Apart  from  business,  he  takes  an 
interest  in  public  affairs,  and  is  a mem- 
ber of  the  Masonic  Order,  the  Knights  of 
Honor  and  American  Legion  of  Honor. 


State  op  South  Carolina. 


293 


M.  MORAN. 

General  Merchandise. 

Among  the  houses  of  Sumter,  that  of 
Mr.  Moran  occupies  a prominent  place. 
This  gentleman  has  been  carrying  on  busi- 
ness in  this  town  now  23  years,  and  from 
almost  nothing  has  risen  to  possess  an 
establishment  that  would  do  credit  to 
more  metropolitan  cities.  His  store, 
which  he  built  this  year,  is  one  of  the 
substantial  buildings  of  the  town;  it  is 
50x80  feet  and  divided  into  store  proper 
and  storage  departments.  The  stock  aver- 
ages $12,000  to  20,000.  It  contains 
staple  and  fancy  groceries,  provisions 
and  fresh  country  produce,  dry  goods, 
dress,  white  and  fancy  goods,  fashion- 
able clothing,  ladies’,  gents’  and  chil- 
dren’s boots  and  shoes,  hats  and  caps, 
hardware,  agricultural  implements  and 
general  plantation  supplies.  These 
goods  are  being  constantly  replenished 
and  give  great  satisfaction.  Seven  hands 
including  two  sons  of  the  proprietor  are 
employed.  Mr.  Moran  has  enterprise, 
energy  and  plenty  of  business  exper- 
ience, and  conducts  his  affairs  in  a man- 
ner to  command  the  attention  of  the 
people.  He  is  a native  of  Leitrim,  Ire- 
land, came  to  the  United  States  in  1852, 
w is  long  in  Charleston  with  Hart  & Co., 
and  came  to  Sumter  in  the  fall  of  ’60.  He 
has  been  several  times  Warden  of  the 
town,  and  is  one  of  the  largest  land 
owners  in'  the  county.  In  Sumter  he 
has  some  3,300  acres, running  sixty  plows, 
and  in  Clarendon  700  acres,  running  ten 
plows,  and  buys  straight-out  about  a 
thousand  hales  of  cotton  annually. 


SUMTER  ADVANCE, 

Darr  & Parmellee. 

This  newspaper,  one  of  the  best  known 
and  most  ably  managed  journals  of  the 
State,  though  not  so  old  as  many  of  its 
contemporaries,  has  achieved  a success 
alike  reflecting  credit  on  its  management 
and  gratifying  to  the  people  of  this  sec- 
tion. It  started  on  1st  August,  1881, 
when  1,100  copies  were  gratuitously  is- 
sued, 349  being  returned.  It  now  has  a 
list  of  solid  subscribers,  numbering  700 
in  all,  and  is  the  best  advertising  me- 
dium in  the  county.  It  is  a 22x32  inch 
sheet,  4 page,  6 column,  appearing 


every  Saturday  morning,  gives  to  the 
public  a good  selection  of  stories  and  mis- 
cellany, the  latest  news,  and  a display  of 
advertisements  of  the  leading  merchants 
of  this  and  adjoining  States.  It  is  the 
spiciest  paper  in  South  Carolina.  Its 
success  is  due  to  the  long  experience  of 
its  owners  as  practical  printers.  These 
gentlemen  are  Messrs.  H.  L.  Darr  & P. 
E.  Parmellee.  The  first  named  was  horn 
in  Charleston,  17th  December,  1825,  and 
is  one  of  the  olde.  t newspaper  men  in  the 
State.  He  entered  the  printing  office  of 
I.  C.  Morgan,  of  Columbia,  in  May,  1835. 
He  started  the  hi  st  daily  in  Columbia, 
the  Daily  Telegraph,  about  1845,  and 
sjme  four  years  later  the  Charleston 
Daily  Sun.  In  ’61  he  commenced  the 
Sumter  Neivs  and  True  Southron,  and 
from  ’72  till  ’81  ran  thMVatcmnan.  The 
Captain  is  the  leading  Warden,  is  a Ma- 
son and  K.  of  H.,  and  a Vestryman  in 
the  Episcopal  church.  His  partner,  Mr. 
Parmellee,  was  born  in  Erie  county.  Pa., 
13th  June,  1837,  entered  the  printing- 
office  of  the  Poughkeepsie  American 
when  16  years  old,  went  to  Hew  York 
city  in  1857,  and  in  the  fall  of  ’58  be- 
came connected  with  the  Albany  Evening 
Statesman.  In  ’63  he  joined  the  estab- 
lishment of  the  Astoria  Herald , and 
from  ’65-’73  was  on  the  staff  of  the 
Brooklyn  Eagle,  the  most  powerful  Demo- 
cratic organ  in  the  State  of  New  York. 
He  then  came  to  Charleston,  where  he 
was  engaged  in  the  printing  office  of 
Case,  Rhett  & Co.,  till  coming  to  Sum- 
ter in  1880.  He  joined  Mr.  Darr  the  fol- 
lowing year.  The  establishment,  where 
they  do  all  sorts  of  job  printing,  is  lo- 
cated in  the  rear  of  the  courthouse.  Their 
sheet  is  the  official  paper  of  the  town,  and 
they  conduct  their  affairs  so  as  to  en- 
hance the  favorable  opinion  a stranger 
forms  of  the  town  of  Sumter. 


NATSONAL  BANK  OF  SUM- 

T ER. 

This  institution  was  organized  on  the 
26th  November,  ’83,  on  a capital  of  $50,- 
000,  and  on  1st  January,  ’84,  its  doors 
were  opened  for  business.  As  soon  as  it 
got  to  working  people  saw  it  filled  a long 
felt  want,  and  patronized  - it  so  that  it 
has  from  the  first  steadily  prospered,  and 
will  declare  at  the  end  of  the  year  a good 


294 


Town  of  Sumter, 


dividend.  The  stock  already  commands 
2|-  per  cent,  premium.  The  bank  oc- 
cupies part  of  a building  specially  built 
for  it,  located  next  the  courthouse,  is 
interiorly  well  fitted  up,  and  is  provided 
with  a large  Farrell  fire-proof  safe  with 
burglar-proof  chest  inside.  The  Board 
of  Directors  is  composed  of  men  prom- 
inent in  the  business  circles  of  the 
county,  and  the  active  officers  are,  Pres- 
ident, R.  M.  Wallace;  Cashier,  Charles 
C.  Bartlett;  a clerk  and  a collector.  Vice 
President,  H.  Ilarby.  Col.  Wallace  is 
a native  of  York  county,  as  a youth  went 
out  to  Texas,  served  in  the  late  war  with 
a Regiment  from  that  State,  and  towards 
the  close  was  captured  in  Tennessee. 
He  was  several  years  in  the  Internal 
Revenue  service,  first  as  deputy  and  lat- 
terly two  years  collector.  From  ’72  to 
*81  was  United  States  Marshal,  his  re- 
appointment in  ’81  being  rejected  by  the 
Senate.  The  Colonel  is  Eminent  Com- 
mander of  the  South  Carolina  Command- 
ery  No.  1,  K.  T.,  in  Charleston,  and 
apart  from  business  he  is  popular.  He 
came  to  Sumter  in  '83,  and  established 
this  institution,  which  while  reflecting 
credit  on  his  management  is  a valuable 
addition  to  the  town.  The  bank  invites 
deposits,  pays  special  attention  to  collec- 
tion at  all  points,  buys  and  sells  ex- 
change at  current  rates,  conducts  in 
fact  a general  banking  business,  and  so- 
licits correspondence  with  bankers  and 
business  men  generally. 

R.  P.  MONAGHAN, 

General  Merchandise,  Main  Street. 

The  above  enterprising  gentleman  de- 
serves more  than  passing  mention  in  our 
work.  His  business  was  established  in 
1852  by  his  father,  Thos.  Monaghan  who 
was  succeeded  at  his  death  in  1870  by 
Mrs.  M.  Monaghan,  and  since  May  of 
last  year  the  present  owner  has  continued 
it.  The  building  occupied  is  one  of  the 
most  conspicuous  on  the  Main  Street, 
and  is  52x100  feet,  divided  into  two 
stores,  one  the  main  or  selling  depart- 
ment and  the  other  used  for  storage  pur- 
poses. It  is  filled  with  a stock  averaging 
some  810,000  in  value.  This  includes  a 
full  line  of  foreign  and  domestic  dry 
goods,  dress  and  white  goods,  staple  and 
fancy  groceries,  boots  and  shoes,  hats 


and  caps,  hardware,  agricultural  imple- 
ments, drugs,  confections,  etc.  Mr. 
Monaghan  does  the  largest  lien  business 
in  town,  handles  annually  1,500  hales  of 
cotton,  sells  over  150  tons  guanos,  em- 
ploys three  hands,  guarantees  his  goods 
and  conducts  his  affairs  iu  a live,  honest 
and  liberal  manner.  He  is  a native  of 
Sumter,  was  Warden  from  ’78  till  ’82,  is 
a member  of  the  Catholic  Knights  of 
America,  is  Director  in  the  Sumter  Na- 
tional Bank,  and  parties  forming  busi- 
ness or  other  relations  with  him  will  do 
so  to  their  advantage  and  profit. 


BULTMAN  & BRO., 

Manufacturers,  Wholesale  and 
Retail  Dealers  in  Boots  and 
Shoes,  Leather  and  Findings, 
Etc. 


The  division  of  trade  into  specific  and 
separate  branches  is  an  important  ad- 
vancement in  the  march  of  progress  from 
the  older  methods  of  doing  business. 
When  each  man  handles  one  line  of 
goods  and  invests  his  capital  in  one  kind 
of  stock,  he  not  only  benefits  himself  by 
being  able  better  to  calculate  his  profits 
and  losses,  but  he  offers  advantages  to 
the  purchasing  public  a dealer  in  general 
merchandise  cannot  do.  He  is  more 
expert  in  buying,  obtains  at  cheaper 
prices  and  can  better  select  his  goods 
giving  his  customers  a larger  and  more 
varied  stock  to  choose  from  and  at  lower 
prices. 


State  of  South  Carolina. 


295 


Such  advantages  the  people  of  Sumter 
have  not  been  slow  to  appreciate,  as  is 
exemplified  in  the  large  and  growing 
patronage  extended  to  the  shoe  store  of 
the  town. 

Messrs.  Bultman  started  business  in 
1871,  in  this  town,  and  from  having  a 
small  and  insignificant  shop,  have  pro- 
gressed so  that  in  1882,  they  found  it 
necessary  to  meet  the  demands  of  trade, 
to  erect  the  building  they  now  occupy. 
Their  premises  have  a frontage  of  28  and 
run  back  96  feet.  They  are  filled  with 
the  largest  and  fullest  line  of  shoes  in 
the  low  country  outside  of  Charleston, 
valued  at  some  $12,000.  It  contains  all 
the  first  qualities  of  boots  and  shoes  at 
prices  to  suit  the  pockets  of  the  richest 
and  the  poorest.  Also,  all  kinds  of  leather, 
lacing  and  shoe  findings.  Messrs.  Bult- 
man are  shoemakers  of  long  practical  ex- 
perience, and  make  to  order  and  repair, 
equal  in  style  and  durability  to  the  best 
New  York  product.  They  loose  no  time 
in  business,  for  when  not  engaged  in  the 
store,  they  are  back  in  their  shop  manu- 
facturing, and  thus  can  afford  to  sell  at 
lower  prices  than  others.  They  keep 
four  hands  at  work  all  the  time.  Messrs. 
C.  F.  A.  and  C.  F.  H.  Bultman  are  na- 
tives of  Hanover.  The  first  came  to  the 
United  States  in  1860,  and  while  yet  a 
stranger,  did  service  for  the  Confederacy 
first  six  months  with  the  Hampton  Le- 
gion and  later  three  years  as  artillery 
officer.  He  was  formerly  in  Manning, 
and  in  1871,  came  to  Sumter.  He  is  a 
Mason,  K.  of  H.,  and  a member  of  other 
societies.  His  brother  arrived  in  this 
country  after  the  war,  settled  in  Phila- 
delphia, and  in  1870  came  to  Carolina. 


W8VJ.  M.  GRAHAM, 

Sale  and  Exchange  Stables,  Har- 
ness, Wagon  and  Buggy  Reposi- 
tory. 

In  country  districts  where  horse  flesh 
is  used  for  so  many  purposes,  the  busi- 
ness of  dealing  in  live  stock  becomes  an 
important  calling.  In  the  one  under 
notice,  Mr.  Graham,  started  in  business 
as  Ellis  & Graham  in  1870,  and  since 
four  years  later  he  has  conducted  his  af- 
fairs alone,  and  in  the  manner  in  which 
his  transactions  have  grown  is  flattering 
to  his  management.  In  the  year  he 


handles  some  300  head.  These  consist 
of  all  kinds  of  fine  riding,  driving  and 
draft  horses,  best  Kentucky  mules,  etc. 
He  also  deals  in  carriages,  buggies 
and  harness,  and  handles  annually  some 
450  vehicles.  He  sells  the  famous  Old 
Hickory  wagon,  Columbus  buggy,  also 
Davis  '&  Gould  and  Miller  & Cooke’s 
well  known  makes.  His  trade  extends 
over  Sumter  and  Clarendon  counties, 
where  his  goods  are  standard,  and  where 
any  one  inquiring,  “Where  can  I get  a 
good  horse  or  mule,  wagon  or  buggy,”  is 
sure  to  be  referred  to  select  from  him. 
The  premises  cover  50x150  feet,  and  con- 
sists of  a stable  with  thirty-five  stalls  in- 
cluding several  box  stalls  and  numerous 
stalls  in  the  rear.  Mr.  Graham  receives 
callers  in  his  office  in  a manner  becom- 
ing a first  class  establishment.  He  is  a 
native  of  Sumter,  is  known  as  a man  of 
enterprise,  and  experienced  in  his  line 
of  business. 


JWO.  A.  WHIITTEIWIORE, 

Postmaster, 


The  position  of  Postmaster,  one  that 
entails  minute  attention  and  care  on  the 
part  of  the  incumbent,  is  at  present  ably 
filled  in  Sumter  by  the  above  gentleman. 
Mr.  Whittemore  was  born  in  Winchester, 
Mass.,  in  1846.  In  1855  his  father’s 
family  moved  to  Richmond,  Va.,  but  re- 
turned to  their  native  State  after  the  war, 
and  while  living  with  his  sister,  Mrs. 
H.  Moulton,  attended  Brown’s  High 
School  at  Newberry  Port,  Mass.,  in  1862. 
At  the  age  of  15  he  entered  the  Union 
army,  serving  first  with  the  32d,  later 
with  the  30th  Massachusetts  Volunteer 
Regiment.  He  returned  to  Massachusetts 
and  was  engaged  clerking  till  he  came  to 
South  Carolina  in  1868.  He  continued 
here  in  mercantile  life  till  1870  when  he 


Town  op  Sumter 


§ilG 


was  appointed  Deputy  Postmaster  under 
T.  B.  Johnson.  Two  years  later,  on  his 
senior’s  retirement,  he  was  appointed 
Postmaster,  and  on  5th  November,  1872, 
took  possession  of  the  office.  Since  that 
time  lie  has  efficiently  and  satisfactorily 
conducted  the  affairs  of  the  office  and  is 
a worthy  representative  of  the  govern- 
ment in  this  respect.  He  has  also  made 
many  friends  in  this  community.  He  was 
elected  in  1872  Coroner  for  Sumter  county 
and  served  two  years.  He  married  in 
1 875  a Sumter  lady.  He  is  also  an  active 
Freemason,  K.  of  H.  and  K.  and  L.  of  H. 


DR.  A.  J.  CHINA, 

Druggist. 

The  duties  connected  with  the  proper 
execution  of  the  profession  of  a druggist 
call  for  a man  of  more  than  ordinary  at- 
tainments. This  line  of  business  posses- 
ses in  Sumter  a worthy  representative  in 
Dr.  China.  His  business  was  started  in 
1866,  as  Anderson  & Co.,  but  five  years 
later  the  partnership  was  dissolved  by 
death  of  the  senior,  and  the  junior  has 
since  continued  alone.  His  present  store 
located  in  the  centre  of  the  city,  he  has 
occupied  since  1866.  It  is  25x70  feet  and 
is  finely  fitted  throughout.  The  stock 
bearing  an  average  value  of  88,000  com- 
prises a full  line  of  drugs  and  chemicals, 
imported  perfumery,  fancy  articles  and 
toilet  necessaries,  and  all  the  latest 
patent  and  standard  proprietary  medi- 
cines. To  compounding  receipts  the  doc- 
tor gives,  careful  attention,  and  is  as- 
sisted by  experienced  clerks.  The  trade 
steadily  increases  in  the  counties  of 
Sumter,  Clarendon  and  Darlington.  Dr. 
China  also  practices  medicine  in  the  city 
and  surroundings  and  holds  the  confi- 
dence of  the  public  as  a physician  as 
well  as  a pharmacist.  He  is  a native  of 
Sumter,  graduated  from  the  South  Caro- 
lina Medical  Col  logo  in  1860,  and  in  the 
war  was  four  years  assistant  hospital 
surgeon  with  Braggs’  army  in  the  West. 
He  is  a Mason,  K.  of  H.,  member  of  the 
K.  and  L.  of  H.,  Legion  of  Honor. 


ANTHONY  WHITE, 

Insurance  Agent. 

On  every  occasion  of  the  occurrence  of 
a great  fire,  property  owners  become  fre- 


quently, when  too  late,  impressed  with 
the  propriety  of  dividing  risks,  instead 
of  insuring  all  in  one  company.  The 
insurance  interests  of  Sumter  are  well 
represented  by  Mr.  White,  who  started 
business  in  1866,  with  only  a few  com- 
panies, and  now  does  almost  the  entire 
trade  in  this  line  in  the  county  and  rep- 
resents the  following  staunch  organiza- 
tions: The  Underwriter’s  Agency,  North 
British  and  Mercantile,  Western  of 
Toronto,  Virginia  Home,  Georgia  Home, 
Lancashire,  Crescent,  Factors  and 
Traders,  Connecticut,  Germania  and 
Home  of  New  York,  with  total  assets  in 
the  UTiited  States  of  some  840,000,000. 
He  handles  about  300  tons  fertilizers  an- 
nually, and  a couple  of  hundred  bales  of 
cotton,  part  of  which  is  raised  on  his 
own  farm  of  300  acres.  The  Captain  is 
a native  of  Sumter,  and  before  the  war, 
was  a merchant  and  planter.  In  the 
civil  strife  he  was  in  the  Fifth  S.  C. 
Cavalry,  first  in  his  native  State,  and 
latterly  a year  in  Virginia  with  Butler’s 
Brigade.  In  1880  and  1881,  he  sat  in 
the  Legislature,  but  declined  re-election. 
He  is  now  on  the  Board  of  Regents  of 
the  State  Lunatic  Asylum,  as  represen- 
tative from  the  Seventh  Congressional 
District.  His  son,  who  is  associated  with 
him  in  business,  is  oue  of  the  rising 
young  men  of  the  county. 


H.  A.  LOWRY, 

Dry  Goods  and  General  Merchan- 
dise. 

The  above  gentleman,  one  of  the 
younger  progressive  men  of  Sumter,  is  a 
native  of  AYalterboro’,  Colleton  county, 
and  in  1882  moved  to  Charleston,  where 
he  was  long  engaged  in  the  well  known 
dry  goods  house  of  Samuel  Thomson  on 
King  Street.  In  '81  he  left  that  city  and 
for  several  months  managed  his  brother's 
store  in  Summerville.  From  there  he 
came  to  Sumter  and  has  since  carried  on 
business  for  himself  in  a successful  and 
prosperous  manner,  and  has  risen  to  be 
classed  among  the  representative  men  of 
the  town.  His  store,  which  is  a corner 
one,  is  eligibly  located  on  Main  Street,  is 
22x65  feet  in  dimensions,  and  is  made  at- 
tractive by  a full  display  of  various  kinds 
ot'  merchandise.  This  amounts  to  some 
87,000  in  value,  and  consists  principally 


State  of  South  Carolina. 


29t 


of  dry  goods  from  the  best  foreign  and 
domestic  looms,  from  fine  silks  and  sat- 
ins to  goods  of  common  and  medium 
grades,  fancy  white  and  dress  goods,  and 
also  includes  a well  selected  show  of 
clothing,  hats  and  caps,  boots  and  shoes, 
fancy  and  heavy  groceries  and  plantation 
supplies.  These  are  retailed  at  low  mar- 
gins and  invariably  give  satisfaction  to 
customers.  The  trade  extends  over  town 
and  county  and  is  constantly  increasing. 
Mr.  Lowry  employs  four  competent 
hands,  also  handles  in  a good  year  some 
500  bales  of  cotton,  and  conducts  his  af- 
fairs on  a sound  cash  basis,  only  a small 
credit  or  lien  trade  being  done.  Mr. 
Lowry  is  a man  of  energy,  push  and  fore- 
sight and  well  merits  the  success  he  has 
had,  the  increasing  favor  with  which  his 
goods  are  received,  and  the  name  he  en- 
joys for  reliability  and  living  up  to  his 
contracts. 


O’DONNELL  & CO., 

General  Merchants. 

This  house  was  established  in  January, 
1883,  succeeding  the  older  firm  of  P.  J. 
O’Donnell.  Under  the  management  of 
its  present  owners,  the  business  has  been 
steadily  increased  and  enjoys  a large  pat- 
ronage in  Sumter  and  Clarendon  coun- 
ties. The  store,  25x80  feet,  on  Liberty 
Street,  is  spacious  and  well  arranged  and 
filled  with  a stock  averaging  some  $8,000 
or  $10,000  in  value.  This  embraces  a 
full  line  of  heavy  and  fancy  groceries, 
country  produce,  provisions,  foreign  and 
domestic  dry  goods,  fancy  and  white 
goods,  boots  and  shoes,  hats  and  caps, 
hardware,  farming  tools  and  general 
plantation  supplies.  Callers  will  find  the 
service  as  polite  and  attentive  as  the  mer- 
chandise is  of  first  and  reliable  quality. 
The  house  also  handles  guano,  and  in  a 
good  year  800  bales  of  cotton.  The  pro- 
prietors, Messrs.  Francis  and  Neill 
O’Donnell,  are  natives  of  Ireland,  and 
possess  the  sociable  qualities  peculiar  to 
the  sons  of  the  Green  Isle.  The  first 
came  to  the  United  States  in  1873,  was 
five  years  in  Pennsylvania  and  eighteen 
months  with  Geo.  W.  Wagner,  of  Charles- 
ton. The  latter  succeeded  to  his  brother 
P.  J.’s  estate  at  his  death  in  1880.  These 
gentlemen  are  well  known  as  useful  citi-  | 


zens,  and  as  merchants  are  experienced 
and  fair  dealing. 


W.  J.  BEARD, 

A young  and  rising  lawyer  of  Sumter, 
was  born  in  Fairfield,  Eichland  county, 
9th  October,  1859.  In  January,  ’69,  he 
went  toWalhalla  and  studied  at  Newberry 
College,  then  located  there,  till  ’77.  In 
’78  he  graduated,  first  honor  from  the 
Presbyterian  College  at  Walhalla,  and 
then  followed  the  avocation  of  teaching, 
first  in  Habersham  county,  Georgia,  and 
later  at  Westminster,  Oconee  county. 
He  studied  law  with  Col.  J.  J.  Norden, 
and  was  admitted  from  the  office  of  the 
Hon.  D.  P.  Barron  in  December,  1880. 
He  came  to  Sumter  and  commenced 
practice  as  partner  with  Mr.  Barron, 
later  formed  a partnership,  17th  Novem- 
ber, ’82,  with  Senator  Earle,  which  as- 
sociation was  dissolved  1st  August,  ’84, 
on  account  of  his  candidacy  for  the  So- 
licitorship  of  the  circuit  this  year. 
Since  1881  he  has  been  proprietor  of  the 
Spirit  of  the  Times,  a racy  sheet  pub- 
lished weekly.  He  married  Miss  Jones 
of  Oconee,  whose  father  was  Vice-Presi- 
dent of  the  Atlanta  Cotton  Exposition. 
He  is  a K.  of  H.,  and  is  one  of  the  men 
who  will  make  his  adopted  county  proud 
and  help  to  sustain  the  place  she  holds 
in  State  and  national  doings. 


J.  E.  JERVEY, 

Jervey  House. 

The  resuscitation  and  growth  of  South 
Carolina  since  the  war  is  a subject  of 
favorable  comment,  and  it  is  evident 
that  this  has  been  due  to  the  untiring 
industry  of  many  of  her  sons.  One  of 
such  is  Col.  J.  E.  Jervey.  This  gentle- 
man, of  one  of  the  first  families  in 
Charleston,  was  born  in  Christ  Church 
parish,  Charleston  district,  1839,  and 
at  the  age  of  eight  was  sent  to  the  school 
of  J.  A.  Leland,  at  Mt.  Pleasant.  He 
left  school  at  16,  and  entered  the  store 
of  John  A.  Burkemeyer,  one  of  the 
largest  grocers  of  the  city.  Young 
Jervey  was  taken  in  on  a month’s  trial 
at  the  end  of  which  he  was  given  a place 
in  the  establishment  at  $250  annually. 
He  remained  here  till  the  war  when  in 
the  South  Carolina  Rangers,  Company 


298  Town  of  Sumter, 


D,  5th  South  Carolina  Cavalry,  Hampton 
Legion,  he  rendered  good  service  for 
four  long  years  to  the  Confederacy.  He 
was  present  in  Virginia  from  2d 
Manassas  till  the  final  surrender  at  Ben- 
tonville,  was  often  recommended  for 
promotion,  but  declined  any  offer  to  rise 
in  rank.  Returning  from  the  war  where 
he  lost  his  father  and  two  brothers,  he 
found  his  mother,  seven  sisters  and  one 
little  brother  refugees  at  Manning.  Un- 
daunted by  the  poor  state  of  the  country 
he  set  to  work,  rented  25  acres  and 
started  in  to  plow  with  a mule  that  had 
sympathetically  sacrificed  one  eye  in  the 
war.  Our  hero  soon  became,  besides  an 
expert  farmer,  engaged  in  auctioneering 
and  any  other  line  of  business  by  which 
he  could  turn  an  honest  dollar.  He  was 
able  to  put  his  family  upon  their  feet. 
In  1868  he  married  Miss  Yermelle 
Harvin,  of  Clarendon,  and  in  1869 
moved  to  Sumter  where  he  has  raised 
himself  to  be  one  of  the  popular  men  of 
the  town.  He  clerked  for  J.  T.  Solo- 
mons eight  years  till  his  death,  then  was 
a short  time  with  Ellion  Bros,  but  soon 
embarked  in  the  hotel  business.  The 
Colonel  has  made  this  quite  a successful 


undertaking,  and  now  runs  an  establish- 
ment which  is  a credit  to  the  town.  He 
started  in  a little  brick  house  near  the 
depot  when  he  had  strong  competition 
but  soon  ran  his  opponent  out  by  attend- 
ing to  the  duties  himself,  including 
toting  of  his  guests  baggage,  the  travel 
not  justifying  the  employment  of  help. 
He  has  since  had  full  control  of  the  first- 
class  trade  of,  and  transient  travel  to  and 
from  the  town.  Five  years  ago  the 
building  he  now  occupies  was  erected. 
This  is  situated  on  Main  Street  close  to 
the  business  houses,  and  is  the  largest 
frame  structure  in  town.  It  is  three- 
stories  high,  about  60  feet  wide  by  125 
deep,  surrounded  on  two  sides  by  piazzas. 
The  first  floor  is  taken  up  by  the  dining 
room,  where  at  regular  hours  plenty  of 
well  cooked  meals  are  served,  two  large 
sample  rooms  and  office,  etc.  The  second 
and  third  floors  are  occupied  by  sleeping 
rooms,  23  in  all,  provided  with  good 
beds.  The  Colonel  has  a family  of  one 
adopted  daughter.  He  is  quite  influ- 
ential in  the  community  and  those  hav- 
ing once  stopped  at  the  Jervey  House 
never  fail  to  have  pleasant  recollections 
of  it. 


KERSHAW,  S.  C 


In  the  original  division  of  South  Carolina,  this  district  formed  a part  of  Craven 
county.  The  second  political  division  of  the  province  was  into  precincts,  Kershaw 
then  became  a part  of  Cheraw.  In  1800,  the  present  limits  were  established,  and 
the  district  received  the  name  of  Kershaw,  in  honor  of  Col.  Joseph  Kershaw,  who 
rendered  much  eminent  services  to  the  country  previous  to  and  during  the 
Revolution. 

The  first  settlement  here  took  place  about  1750,  by  a colony  of  Quakers  from 
Ireland,  who  located  themselves  on  the  spot  where  the  town  of  Camden  now  stands. 
The  principal  of  these  emigrants  were  Robert  Milhouse  and  Samuel  Wyley,  both 
sensible  and  respectable  men.  They  erected  some  mills  on  Pinetree  Creek,  which 
runs  below  Camden,  and  from  this  creek  the  settlement  was  called  Pinetree.  The 
Quakers  were  sufficiently  numerous  to  form  a congregation,  and  they  erected  a jolace 
of  worship,  which  remained  till  the  American  war.  Millhouse  died  about  the  year 
1755,  and  his  posterity  long  resided  near  the  waters  of  the  Edisto  and  Ashley.  Wy- 
ley left  a daughter,  who  was  afterwards  celebrated  as  Mrs.  Wm.  Long,  and  three 
sons. 

About  the  year  1760,  Col.  Jos.  Kershaw  opened  a store  at  Mr.  Wyley’s,  Cam- 
den. Being  prosperous  in  business,  he  laid  out  the  place  in  lots,  and  in  honor  of 
Lord  Camden,  gave  it  its  name.  He  proceeded  in  his  improvements  and  built 
stores  and  mills.  Col.  Jno.  Chesnut  was  a copartner  with  Col.  Kershaw,  having 
jmeviously  served  his  time  with  him.  The  Quakers!  as  a society  decreased  contin- 
ually from  the  time  Camden  began  to  thrive  as  a village,  and  at  last  became  extinct. 

Kershaw  county  lies  immediately  between  the  primitive  and  alluvial  formation. 
The  lower  line  of  the  granite  region  runs  through  the  middle  of  the  county  from  S. 
W.  to  N.  E.  The  larger  portion  is  located  in  the  sand  hill  region,  but  the  great  di- 
vision of  the  Piedmont  includes  a small  portion  of  it  to  the  northwest.  The  sand 
hills  are  both  high,  extensive  and  barren,  covered  with  small  pitch  pine  and  dwarf 
oaks. 

The  county  is  bounded  on  the  S.  E.  by  Sumter,  N.  E.  by  Chesterfield  and  a 
small  part  of  Darlington,  N.  W.  by  Lancaster,  W.  by  Fairfield  and  S.  W.  by  Rich- 
land county.  The  average  length  of  the  district  is  32  and  width  27  miles;  the  num- 
ber of  acres  about  552,960.  The  soil  of  the  county  partakes  of  the  extremes  of  fertility 
and  sterility.  The  rivers  are  bordered  by  a great  extent  of  alluvial  low  grounds, 
which  are  so  high  as  to  be  rarely  affected  by  freshets,  and  are  very  fertile.  In  the 
upper  part  of  the  county  clayey  lands  are  found,  but  the  great  body  of  the  upland 
is  of  a sandy  nature,  bottomed  by  clay.  The  numerous  streams  that  divide  the 
high  lands  furnish  in  the  midst  of  the  sand  hills  many  rich  spots  for  cultivation. 

The  manufacture  of  flour  was  largely  prosecuted  by  the  early  settlers  and  the 
product  was  exported  and  commanded  as  good  a price  as  the  best  Northern  flour. 
This  was,  however,  suspended  in  the  Revolution.  Mr.  Broome,  one  of  Col.  Lee’s 
cavalry,  was  so  struck  with  the  advantages  enjoyed  by  Mr.  Kershaw's  mill  that  when 
peace  returned  he  settled  in  the  county  and  erected  as  complete  a set  of  mills  as  any 
in  the  United  States,  In  the  year  1801  .6,000  barrels  of  superior  flour  were  made 


304 


Town  of  Camden, 


and  delivered  for  export  and  domestic  use.  The  increased  demand  and  profits  in 
raising  cotton  soon,  however,  became  the  soil  agricultural  product  of  the  county. 

The  castor  oil  plant  ( Palma  christi)  was  also  cultivated  with  great  success  and 
the  cold  drawn  oil  sold  at  the  same  price  as  the  imported  article. 

The  county  sent  thirteen  companies  into  the  Confederate  army  and  several 
Major  and  Brigadier-Generals. 

CAMDEN 

Is  the  seat  of  justice  of  Kershaw,  and  constitutes  the  county  town.  It  is  the  oldest 
inland  town  in  the  State,  being  settled  in  1750,  and  laid  out  into  regular  scpiares 
and  streets  ten  years  later.  It  is  handsomely  situated  on  a plain,  elevated  70  to 
100  feet  above  the  Wateree  river,  on  the  east  bank  of  the  same  and  about  a mile 
from  the  river.  Its  charter  was  granted  in  1760,  amended  in  1796,  and  the  limits 
of  the  town  extended.  The  city  originally  extended  one  mile  from  the  courthouse. 
Owing  to  the  belief  that  the  high  ground  would  be  more  conducive  to  health  the 
town  has  been  gradually  extended  towards  the  ridge,  which  lies  to  the  north  of  it; 
where  the  old  town  stood  is  now  corn  and  cotton  fields.  The  courthouse  stands  in 
its  original  place,  and  is  almost  outside  of  the  present  town,  being  the  last  building 
to  the  southward  on  the  main  road.  The  town  was  in  a thriving  condition  before 
the  Revolution,  during  that  time  it  Avas  the  headquarters  of  the  British  in  this 
State.  After  the  Revolution  it  opened,  up  for  itself  a neAv  life  and  became  the  great 
market  for  this  section  of  country.  The  consummation  of  the  public  works  on  the 
Catawba  river  about  1825-30  opened  up  to  it  great  facilities  of  communication  with 
a rich  and  extensive  back  country,  both  in  this  State  and  North  Carolina.  The 
present  courthouse  was  built  about  the  same  time  and  at  that  date  eel'  ed  any- 
thing of  the  kind  in  the  State.  The  town  was  a most  flourishing  cen  -e.  being  at 
the  head  of  navigation  on  the  Wateree,  it  received  over  50,000  bales  of  cotton, 
which  Avas  shipped  to  Charleston,  its  population  numbered  over  3,000,  and  it  was 
the  distributing  point  for  groceries,  dry  goods,  etc.,  received  from  the.  sea  coast. 
The  opening  of  railroad  communication  through  the  State  greatly  lessened  its  im- 
portance; after  the  Avar  the  population  dwindled  down  to  800  or  900  persons;  this  has 
since  gradually  increased  to  1.600  at  thelast  census.  The  people  are  looking  to  the 
neAv  railroads  to  be  built  to  Charlotte  and  Raleigh — the  latter  of  which  will  open 
up  a short  route  from  NeAv  York  to  NeAv  Orleans — to  bring  them  back  their  for- 
mer importance  and  wealth.  The  town  has  always  possossed  a large  back  country 
trade  and  the  zeal  they  have  lately  shown  in  improving  the  roads  and  building 
bridges  Avhich  have  replaced  the  old  method  of  fording  or  ferrying  the  streams, have 
greatly  increased  the  ease  and  convenience  for  reaching  the  toAvn  from  a large  area 
of  country,  is  worthy  of  their  race.  The  town  hall  on  the  Main  Street  is  an  orna- 
ment to  the  place.  It  is  fronted  by  a high  tower,  ornamented  with  a clock  and  sur- 
mounted by  a spire. 

The  town  is  one  of  the  most  attractive  in  the  country,  its  shady  streets  invite 
a promenade,  the  drives  which  lead  around  the  environs  and  over  the  town  are  not 
equaled  in  any  part  of  the  State,  the  county  roads  are  the  best  the  writer  has 
traveled  upon  in  this  State,  and  sIioav  some  care  on  the  part  of  those  in  charge. 
The  habits  of  the  towns  people  is  in  keeping  with  their  traditional  history;  they  are 
bold,  hospitable,  and  Avliat  in  those  days  is  so  fascinating,  because  exceptional, 
truthfully  simple.  They  are  the  true  type  of  our  colonial  ancestors,  the  men  Avhose 
nobility,  and  Avhose  deeds  are  the  admiration  of  the  historian  and  Avhose  habits  and 
manners  make  them  the  envied  of  the  world. 

As  already  said  the  toAvn  was  celebrated  in  the  American  revolution  for  being 
the  seat  of  Avar  a considerable  time,  and  the  centre  of  the  British  Southern  army. 
Immediately  after  the  fall  of  Charleston  it  was  taken  possession  of  by  the  enemy 
and  Avas  the  scene  of  many  interesting  occurrences.  Here  several  battles  Avere 
fought  on  which  seemed  to  hang  the  destinies  of  the  new  republic.  Here  General 
Gates  lost  the  laurels  he  had  Avon  at  Saratoga.  Here  fell  that  gallant  officer.  Major 
General  Baron  DeKalb,  an  illustrious  German,  Avho  had  engaged  in  the  support  of 


State  of  South  Carolina. 


305 


American  independence,  and  who  exerted  himself  with  great  bravery  to  prevent  the 
defeat  of  the  day.  On  this  occasion  he  received  eleven  wounds,  from  which  though 
he  received  the  most  particular  assistance  from  the  enemy,  he  in  a short  time  ex- 
pired. His  aide-de-camp,  Lieutenant-Colonel  DuBuysson,  was  here  dangerously 
wounded,  while  exposing  himself  to  save  his  friend. 

In  front  of  the  Presbyterian  church,  which,  when  it  was  built  was  the  hand- 
somest building  of  the  kind,  outside  of  Charleston,  in  the  State,  the  interesting- 
ceremony  of  reinterring  the  remains  of  DeKalb,  and  laying  the  corner-stone  of  the 
monument  erected  to  his  memory,  took  place  in  the  presence  of  the  Nation’s  guest, 
March  9th,  1825,  attended  by  a large  concourse  of  citizens.  The  scene  was  pecu- 
liarly striking  and  interested  every  one;  the  monument  is  elegant  in  its  design.  It 
presents  the  obelisk  form,  raised  on  a pedestal,  all  of  white  marble,  and  resting  on 
a granite  base  composed  of  several  expanding  blocks  in  the  character  of  steps  and 
surrounded  by  an  iron  balustrade.  Brigadier-General  Rutherford,  a valuable  officer 
of  the  most  extensive  influence  over  the  North  Carolina  Militia,  was  here  also  com- 
pelled to  surrender  to  a party  of  the  British  Legion,  one  of  whom,  after  his  submis- 
sion, cut  him  to  several  pieces.  Here  that  brave  and  distinguished  officer,  Major 
Thomas  Pinckney,  acting  as  aide-de-camp  to  Gates,  had  his  leg  shattered,  by  a 
musket  bill  and  fell  into  the  hands  of  the  enemy.  Here  were  executed  Samuel 
Andrews,  Richard  Tucker,  John  Mills,  Josiah  Gale,  Eleazer  Smith,  and  others, 
who  first  espoused  the  cause  of  the  British,  afterwards  turning  round  to  their  coun- 
try and  were  taken  prisoners  by  the  Royalists.  Mr.  Jas.  Bradley  and  Col.  Chestnut 
were  here  taken  prisoners  by  stratagem  and  immured  in  goal;  Bradley  would  after- 
wards proudly  show  the  marks  of  the  irons.  General  Canty  of  this  town,  rendered 
important  service  to  the  Revolution,  also  Sam  and  John  Wiley. 

KERSHAW  COUNTY  STATISTICS. 

Agricultural. 

Number  of  acres  planted  and  yield  of  the  following  annuals,  etc.,  for  1882  : 
Cotton,  36,946  acres,  7,020,740  pounds  of  lint;  average  yield  per  acre.  190  pounds  of 
lint;  cost,  of  producing  merchantable  cotton  is  $40  per  500-pounds  bale.  Corn,  23,642 
acres,  212,788  bushels,  9 bushels  to  the  acre.  Oats,  3,561  acres,  99,788  bushels,  28 
bushels  to  the  acre.  Wheat,  1,961  acres,  13,727  bushels.  Rice,  703  acres,  506.160 
pounds.  Sorghum,  106  acres,  7,950  gallons.  Sugar  cane,  10  acres,  300  gallons. 
Sweet  potatoes,  826  acres,  75,992  bushels;  Irish' potatoes,  175  acres,  35,000  bushels. 
Peas,  2,485  acres,  27.335  bushels.  Honey,  2,647  pounds;  beeswax,  176  pounds. 
Milk,  1,496  gallons  sold.  Butter,  36,569  pounds  made.  Poultry,  19,768  raised. 
Eggs,  50,849  dozen  sold.  Apples,  253  bushels.  Peaches,  1.116  bushels. 

^ Stock  on  hand,  1882 — Work  oxen,  566;  milch  cows,  2,766;  other  cattle,  3,302; 
sheep,  2,861;  lambs  dropped,  1,323;  fleece,  5,724  pounds  clipped;  swine,  9,805.  In- 
creasing attention  is  being  given  in  this  county  to  the  raising  of  Jersey,  Ayrcshire 
and  Holstein  cattle  and  Berkshire  hogs. 

Fertilizers  used  in  tons,  1882 — Ammoniated,  215;  acid  phosphate,  476;  kainit, 
224;  chemicals,  18;  totals,  933;  used  in  composting,  336;  kainit  in  1881,  195. 

Farm  supplies  purchased,  $277,996;  on  time.  $252,961.  Cash  and  time  prices 
of  the  following  articles:  Corn,  $1.05  and  $1.30  per  bushel;  bacon,  10  and  14  cents 
per  pound;  flour,  $8.00  and  $12.00  per  barrel;  meal,  $1.15  and  $1.40;  hay,  $1.45 
and  $1.75. 

There  are  of  improved  agricultural  implements  in  use  between  350  and  400,  and 
21  steam  engines  on  farms.  Wages  paid  to  farm  laborers  is  to  males  $8  to  $12  per 
month,  females  $6  to  $8.  There  are  few  immigrants  in  this  county.  The  farmers 
are  well  pleased  with  the  stock  law,  but  the  lien  law  is  most  demoralizing  in  its  effect. 
The  sub-division  of  large  tracts  of  land  into  small  farms,  owned  by  bona  fide  settlers, 
and  the  introduction  of  labor-saving  implements  would  greatly  improve  the  condi- 
tion of  the  county. 


306 


Town  of  Camden. 


MANUFACTURES  AND  MINES. 

Flour,  grist  and  rice  mills,  43;  employing  117  hands,  $40,000  capital,  giving 
annual  product  of  $75,000  in  value;  rate  of  toll,  one-tenth. 

Lumber  mills,  16;  employing  55  white  and  110  colored  hands,  75  horses  and 
mules,  $45,000  capital;  giving  an  annual  product  valued  at  $70,000;  turpentine  es- 
tablishments, 6;  employing  35  white  and  140  colored  persons;  $25,000  capital,  giv- 
ing an  annual  product  of  $30,000.  This  industry  is  on  the  decrease,  owing  to  the 
unprofitableness  of  the  investment  and  scarcity  of  the  pine.  There  is  a planing 
mill  and  a wagon  repair  shop  in  the  county,  employing  together  30  hands,  and  giv- 
ing an  annual  product  of  $15,000. 

Two  granite  quarries,  now  idle,  are  said  to  give  as  fine  stone  as  any  in  the  world 
and  the  supply  is  unlimited. 

REAL  ESTATE,  ETC. 

There  are  thousands  of  acres  of  clay,  loam  and  river  bottom  lands  for  sale  in 
this  county,  at  from  $2  to  $10  per  acre. 

The  assessed  value  of  property  is  $2,169,875. 

Real  estate  not  in  cities,  towns  and  villages — arable  or  plow  land,  64,417  acres; 
value,  $268,610;  meadow  and  pasture  land,  5,412  acres;  value,  $14,780;  wood  and 
marsh  land,  374,082  acres;  value,  $588,365;  buildings,  3,963;  value,  $219,805. 
Total  value  of  lands,  $871,755;  total  value  of  all  county  real  estate,  $1,091,560. 

Real  estate  in  cities,  towns  and  villages— lots,  380;  value,  $107,970;  buildings 
thereon,  488;  value,  $218,355.  Total  urban  real  estate,  $326,325;  total  value  of  all 
real  estate,  $1,417,885. 

Personal  property  is  valued  at  $827,740,  or  $38.43  per  capita. 

Railroad  property — South  Carolina,  $14,000  per  mile  cost,  9 miles,  with  fix- 
tures, etc.,  valued  at  $129,000. 

Taxes  in  mills — State  tax,  4J;  school,  2;  ordinary  county,  3;  past  indebtedness 
for  county,  2;  past  indebtedness  for  schools,  1.  Total,  12f. 

POPULATION. 

In  1810,  was  9,863;  1820,  12,432:  1830,  13,545;  1840,  12.181:  1850.’ 14,473; 
1860,  13,086;  1870,  11,754  (?);  1880,  21,538. 


REPRESENTATIVE  HOUSES  AND  PROMINENT  MEN 


— OF — 

CAMDEN,  S.  C. 


GENERAL  KERSHAW, 

Judge  of  the  Fifth  Circuit. 


Joseph  Brevard  Kershaw,  an  eminent 
lawyer  of  South  Carolina  and  distin- 
guished soldier  of  the  Confederacy,  was 
horn  in  Kershaw  county,  5th  January, 
1822.  His  family  gave  the  name  to  this 
county.  His  grandfather,  a native  of 
Somerly  county,  Halifax,  in  the  West 
Riding  of  Yorkshire,  emigrated  to  Amer- 
ica in  1748.  He  was  in  the  Revolution- 
ary war,  and  his  son  was  a planter  and 
represented  South  Carolina  in  the  United 
States  Congress.  He  married  a daughter 
of  Captain  Isaac  Dubose,  and  their  son 
is  the  subject  of  our  sketch.  After  his 
education  at  Camden  Orphan  Society 
School,  at  Cokesbury  and  Bradford 
Springs,  he  went  to  Charleston  and  en- 
tered into  commercial  life  with  F.  S. 
Holmes.  He  later  was  with  Jonathan 
Bryan  & Sons,  jobbing  merchants,  but 
returned  home,  directed  his  attention  to 
the  law,  studied  with  John  M.  DeSaus- 
sure  and  was  admitted  1843.  He  com- 


menced business  in  his  native  town,  and 
in  "'46  he  entered  the  United  States  army, 
First  Lieut.  Company  C,  Palmetto  Regi- 
ment, continuing  with  them  in  Mexico 
till  June, ’47,  when  he  returned  home,  and 
after  a protracted  illness  resigned  his 
commission  in  September.  He  resumed 
the  practice  of  his  profession.  At  the  re- 
tirement of  DeSaussure,  and  the  election 
of  Withers  to  the  bench,  he  succeeded  to 
a large  clientage,  and  until  elected  to  the 
bench  in  1877  continued  to  enjoy  the 
most  extensive  practice  in  this  judicial 
circuit.  He  was  elected  to  the  Legisla- 
ture in  ’52  and  again  in  ’54. 

In  the  Secession  movement,  he  was  a 
member  of  the  ever  memorable  Conven- 
tion which  met  in  Charleston  in  the  fall 
of  1860.  On  the  7th  of  April  following 
he  took  command  of  the  Second  South 
Carolina  Regiment  and  was  stationed  on 
Morris  Island  during  the  bombardment 
of  Fort  Sumter.  That  stronghold  cap- 
tured, he  went  with  part  of  his  regiment 
to  Virginia.  It  was  the  first  body  of  men 
from  here,  and  the  full  quotum  of  a regi- 
ment was  made  up  by  other  volunteer 
companies.  At  first  Manassas  they  served 
in  Bonham’s  Brigade,  and  on  the  retire- 
ment of  that  General  the  Colonel  of  the 
Second  succeeded  him  in  February,  1862. 
The  body  since  that  was  familiar  to  all 
as  Kershaw’s  Brigade.  After  the  retreat 
of  Johnston  from  Manassas  they  were 
transferred  to  the  Peninsula  with  Mc- 
Claws’  Division,  later  were  in  all  the  bat- 
tles around  Richmond,  serving  on  the 
left  of  D.  H.  Hill’s  corps  till  moved  to 


312 


Town  op  Camden, 


Sharpsburg.  They  were  then  transferred 
to  Fredericksburg  and  were  moved  to 
Manassas,  arriving  the  day  after  the 
second  battle  was  fought  there.  The  bri- 
gade was  in  the  Maryland  campaign,  and 
it  was  Kershaw’s  command  that  took  pos- 
session of  the  Maryland  Heights.  They 
were  then  transferred  to  Sharpsburg,  ar- 
riving at  sunrise,  and  were  barely  in  that 
battle.  They  found  a part  of  Long- 
street’s  corps  were  engaged  in  the  hottest 
lights  that  followed  this.  After  Gettys- 
burg they  were  transferred  to  Chicka- 
mauga,  being  in  that  battle,  at  the  siege 
of  Knoxville,  and  in  all  the  engage- 
ments of  the  Tennessee  campaign  till  re- 
turned to  Virginia  in  time  for  the  battle 
of  the  Wilderness.  In  December,  ’63, 
Gen.  Kershaw  was  assigned  to  the  com- 
mand of  the  division  which  he  retained 
to  the  end  of  the  war.  In  June,  ’64,  he 
received  his  commission  as  Major-Gene- 
ral. From  the  Wilderness  till  Petersburg 
they  were  constantly  engaged,  and  in 
July,  ’64,  were  ordered  to  join  Early  in 
the  valley  of  Virginia;  were  ordered  back 
to  Eichmond  in  September,  but  arriving 
at  Gordonsville  they  received  further  or- 
ders to  again  return  to  Early,  arriving 
for  the  battle  of  Cedar  Creek;  after 
which  they  again  formed  a part  of  Lee’s 
army,  and  were  stationed  on  the  north 
side  of  the  James  till  the  evacuation  of 
Eichmond.  In  the  retreat  Kershaw’s  and 
Custus  Lee’s  Divisions  formed  the  rear  of 
the  army.  They  were  cut  off  from  the 
main  body,  fought  the  battle  of  Sailor’s 
Creek,  where  they  were  surrounded,  and 
the  whole  command  with  a large  part  of 
Picket’s  Division,  then  commanded  by 
E.  PI.  Anderson,  were  captured.  The 
General  was  received  with  the  other  field 
officers  by  Gen.  Ouster  and  forwarded  to 
i’ort  Warren.  He  returned  home  in  July 
on  parole.  He  was  never  seriously 
wounded  or  sick,  and  distinguished  him- 
self in  the  cause  of  the  Confederacy  and 
won  a name  as  a soldier  which  will  live 
for  all  time  on  the  pages  of  American 
history.  At  the  return  of  peace  he  re- 
sumed his  profession  and  took  his  old 
stand  at  the  bar. 

In  ’65  and  ’66  the  General  sat  in  the 
State  Senate  and  was  chairman  of  the 
military  committee,  then  the  most  im- 
portant one  in  the  Assembly,  and  in  ’66 
was  President  of  the  Senate.  Perhaps 


the  most  important  of  the  many  cases  he 
successfully  conducted  wns  the  McKin- 
ney will  case.  The  will  left  all  the  es- 
tate to  the  Catholic  church.  Lawyer 
Kershaw  became,  by  the  death  of  his  se- 
niors, with  the  late  Judge  Dawkins,  lead- 
ing counsel.  The  jury  found  against  the 
defence,  and  while  the  matter  was  pend- 
ing appeal  the  church  compromised,  al- 
lowing the  daughter  one-tliird  of  the  es- 
tate, which  amounted  to  $300,000.  He 
was  chairman  of  the  State  Convention  of 
6th  July,  1870,  which  met  at  Columbia, 
and  introduced  the  resolutions  recogniz- 
ing the  Eeconstruction  Acts  of  1868  as 
constitutional  and  right;  they  were  unan- 
imously carried  by  the  Convention,  the  so- 
called  Union  Eeform  party  being  formed. 
These  were  the  first  movements  of  the 
kind  adopted  in  the  South,  other  States 
following  the  example  of  South  Caro- 
lina. Conciliation,  however,  was  not  the 
successful  policy  to  go  upon,  and  aggres- 
sive measures  were  used,  which  culmi- 
nated in  the  elections  of  ’76.  The  Judge 
was  elected  to  the  bench,  as  before  men- 
tioned, in  1877,  and  lias  proven  himself  a 
far-seeing  and  wise  settler  of  disputes. 
In  1874  he  was  Grand  Master  Mason  of 
the  State.  The  General’s  father,  who  had 
been  all  his  life  settling  the  business  of 
Ms  father’s  estate  which  had  been  lost, 
died  while  he  was  yet  a boy,  and  his 
mother  was  an  invalid.  The  subject  of 
our  sketch  married  in  1S44  the  daughter 
of  Jas.  K.  Douglas,  a retired  merchant 
of  Kershaw  county,  and  he  has  now  liv- 
ing four  daughters  and  a son,  and  at  his 
home  in  Camden  he  lives  happy  and  is 
reaping  the  fruits  of  his  life  as  a re- 
spected citizen  and  honored  servant  of 
the  Palmetto  State. 


R.  M.  KENNEDY, 

Dky  Goods  and  Gereral  Merchan- 
dise. 

The  enterprising  and  thrifty  Scotch 
have  penetrated  to  all  quarters  of  the 
globe,  and  there  is  no  town  or  city  which 
does  not  contain,  among  its  most  promi- 
nent  and  wealthy  citizens  one  or  more 
representatives  of  the  land  of  Burns. 
Among  the  leading  merchants  of  Cam- 
den, Mr.  E.  M.  Kennedy  takes  a place 
in  the  front  rank.  He  is  a native  of 
Ayrshire,  where  the  author  of  Tam  o’ 


State  of  South  Carolina. 


313 


Shanter  was  born,  and  from  where  lie 
composed  that  series  of  poetic  ballads 
that  grow  daily  more  and  more  praised 
by  an  approving  world.  He  came  out  to 
the  United  States  in  1844,  with  just 
enough  to  pay  his  passage  and  settled  in 
Camden,  and  two  years  later  started  in 
business  for  himself.  From  that  time 
he  has  steadily  prospered,  and  is  to-day 
the  oldest  merchant  on  the  street.  In 
1848,  he  joined  his  business  with  that  of 
his  elder  brother,  who  started  in  1839, 
the  firm  being  known  as  A.  M.  & R.  M. 
Kennedy  till  1862,  when  the  junior 
bought  out  the  entire  interest.  His 
store  was  burned  to  the  ground  in  Janu- 
ary, 1874,  but  by  the  time  the  fall  trade 
opened,  he  had  completed  the  large  and 
spacious  premises  he  now  occupies. 
These  are  located  centrally  on  the  Main 
Street,  are  33x106  feet  in  extent,  with 
16  feet  ceiling.  They  are  adapted  in 
every  wray  for  carrying  out  expeditiously 
the  numerous  transactions,  and  are  filled 
to  repletion  with  a stock  valued  at  some 
$15,000.  This  comprises  a varied  assort- 
ment of  the  best  productions  of  English, 
Scotch,  French  and  American  looms, 
brocades,  broadcloths,  tweeds,  etc., white, 
faucy  goods  and  latest  novelties  in  no- 
tions, boots  and  shoes  direct  from  the 
factory,  hats  and  caps,  gents  and  youths 
clothing  to  suit  all  pockets,  etc.,  etc. 
The  shoe  department  is  under  the  man- 
agement and  control  of  Mr.  Capers,  and 
the  clothing  is  in  a separate  room  giving- 
customers  all  the  advantages  and  privacy 
necessary  for  suiting  themselves  before 
buying.  Mr.  Kennedy  does  largely  a 
cash  trade,  his  name  has  long  been 
known  to  an  extensive  custom  in  Ker- 
shaw, Sumter,  Darlington  and  Lancaster 
counties;  he  employs  seven  assistants, 
wdiose  politeness  and  competency  is  in 
keeping  with  the  excellence  of  the  goods, 
and  he  uses  a horse  and  wagon  in  the 
business.  He  takes  a lively  interest  in 
the  affairs  of  the  city,  and  was  the  pro- 
moter of  the  road  which  opens  the  upper 
part  of  the  town* to  people  coming  from 
the  western  part  of  the  county.  He  is 
a prominent  member  of  the  Presbyterian 
church,  is  a K.  of  the  Gr.  R.,  was  Inten- 
dent  of  the  town  in  1864,  resides  in  a 
handsome  residence,  surrounded  by 
nicely  laid  out  grounds,  all  planned, 
built  and  planted  under  his  own  direction. 


Planters,  farmers  and  others  visiting 
Camden,  will  find  at  his  establishment 
as  reasonable  terms  and  inducements  as 
can  be  found  any  where,  and  a fine  stock 
from  which  to  make  their  selections. 


J.  D.  E¥3cDO WALL, 

Farmer  ahT>  Stock  Raiser. 

Prominent  among  the  representative 
men  of  this  county  is  Mr.  J.  D.  McDow- 
all,  one  of  the  largest  and  most  prosper- 
ous farmers  and  stock  raisers  of  the 
State.  He  has  been  engaged  in  this 
line  seven  years.  He  owns  on  the  west 
side  of  the  Wateree  some  4.500  acres, 
and  on  the  east  side  1,800  of  good  land. 
A large  portion  of  these  is  cultivated, 
850  produce  cotton,  while  400  are 
planted  in  oats  and  a like  quantity  in 
corn.  He  runs  three  steam  gins,  one  in 
west  and  the  other  two  in  east  Wateree. 
At  the  former  place  he  has  a saw  mill,  52 
inch  saw,  by  which  some  500,000  feet  of 
standing  timber  is  iirepared  for  market. 
The  whole  is  driven  by  a 25  horse-power 
engine.  The  two  gins  on  the  other  farm 
are  driven  by  a 20  horse-power  engine, 
which  also  serves  to  run  a grist  mill. 
All  of  these  in  the  season  are  in  constant 
operation  and  present  a very  busy  aspect 
at  picking  and  harvest  times. 

In  stock  raising  Mr.  McDowall  has 
been  very  successful,  and  has  set  an  ex- 
ample to  the  people  of  this  section.  He 
is  a large  dealer  in  hogs,  has  over  300 


registered  head  always  on  hand,  and  is 
prepared  to  supply  the  market  with  fine, 
fat,  short-legged,  pure  Berkshires.  In 
Jersey  and  Ayrshire  cows  he  has  now  ten 
head,  all  registered  stock.  At  the  head 
of  the  herd  is  a fine  young  Jersey  bull, 
Cockade  II,  one  year  old.  He  intends 
soon  adding  to  these  some  imported  Hol- 
steins  from  Mess.  Smith  & Powers,  of 
Syracuse,  K.  Y.,  which  breed  he  con- 
siders the  best  for  this  country.  The 
horses  and  mares  call  especially  for  men- 
t:on.  He  has  all  the  time  eight  to  ten 
thoroughbreds,  and  graded  colts  on  hand. 


'Town  of  Camden, 


314 


and  from  six  to  eight  splendid  brood 
mares. 

His  stallion,  Willie  Burke,  has  not  his 
equal  in  the  South.  In  the  season  he  is 
brought  to  town,  and  his  use  can  be  pro- 
cured in  any  jiart  of  the  county  for  $15 
with  the  privilege  of  the  season.  The 
following  facts  speak  as  to  his  breed  and 
record : 

Pedigree. 

Willie  Burke  was  bred  by  R.  A.  Alexan- 
der, at  Woodburn  Stud  Farm,  Kentucky, 
in  1871,  and  is  by  Baywood  by  Lexing- 
ton out  of  Bay  Leaf  by  imported  York- 
shire, out  of  Maria  Black  by  Filho  da 
Puta,  dam  by  Smolensko. 

Willie  Burke’s  first  dam  was  Katina 
by  imported  Australian.  Second  dam 
was  Kate  Hayes  by  imported  Albion. 
Third  dam  was  Eudora  by  imported 
Priam.  Fourth  dam  Bet  Bosley,  second 
by  imported  Bluster.  Fifth  dam  was 
Bet  Bosley,  first  by  imported  Wilkes’ 
Wonder.  Sixth  dam  was  by  Chanticleer. 
Seventh  dam  was  by  imported  Sterling.  | 
Eighth  dam  was  by  Clodius.  Ninth 
dam  was  by  imported  Silvereye.  Tenth 
dam  was  by  imported  Jolly  Roger. 
Eleventh  dam  was  by  Partner.  Twelfth 
dam  was  by  Monkey.  Thirteenth,  an 
imported  mare  in  stud  of  Harrison  of 
Brandon. 


Performances. 


1874. — Jerome  Park:  Purse  race  for 
two  year  olds,  {-  mile,  won  by  Willie 
Burke;  time  0.51.  Saratoga  Meeting: 
was  second  in  Flash  Stakes,  $ mile,  won 
by  Olitipa;  time  0.47f.  Saratoga  Meet- 
ing: was  third  for  Kentucky  Stakes  for 
two  year  olds,  1 mile,  won  by  Chesa- 
peake; time  1.48-p. 

1876. — Saratoga  Selling  Race:  1J 

miles;  ran  second;  won  by  Acturns;  time 
2.13^.  Baltimore  Meeting:  won  mile 


heats  for  all  ages  in  1.47f,  1.48,  1.52: 
beating  Rhadimanthus,  etc.  Jerome 
Park:  ran  third  in  race  for  all  ages.  1£ 
miles,  won  by  Pera;  time  2.04  and°2.04L 
Baltimore  Spring  Meeting:  Handicap 
race;  mile  heats;  ran  second;  won  by  Ore 
Knob;  time  1.51J,  1.55£. 

Mr.  McDowall  also  deals  in  general 
merchandise.  His  employees,  who  are 
under  the  immediate  direction  of  two 
overseers,  one  for  each  farm,  number 
125,  which  in  itself  brings  an  important 
custom.  His  store  is  located  in  Camden, 
on  Main  Street,  and  is  filled  with  planta- 
tion supplies.  He  handles  annuallv  some 
800  bales  of  cotton. 

Besides  the  farms  already  mentioned, 
he  has  some  40  acres  of  cultivated  land 
within  the  corporate  limits  of  Camden. 
He  has  here  further  accommodation  for 
his  thoroughbreds,  in  the  shape  of  twelve 
box  stalls.  He  resides  here  in  one  of 
the  nicest  houses  in  the  town.  He  was 
born  in  Kershaw  county,  1854, and  though 
a comparatively  young  man  represents 
large  interests.  Personally  he  is  a splen- 
did fellow,  and  well  able  to  look  after 
his  own  affairs.  He  married  in  April, ’78, 
the  daughter  of  Gen.  J.  D.  Kennedv, 
and  has  one  child. 


C.  C.  YOUNG, 

Sewing  Machines,  Books  and  Sta- 
tionery, Fancy  Goods,  Cutlery, 
-Crockery  and  Glassware,  Etc., 
Etc. 

It  is  with  feelings  of  genuine  pleasure 
and  interest  that  the  editor  takes  up  the 
data  of  houses  whose  existence  is  con- 
temporaneous with  that  of  the  century. 
The  house  of  G.  G.  Young  was  estab- 
lished in  1807,  by  Alexander  Young,  a 
Scotchman,  who  was  one  of  the  early 
settlers  of  Camden.  He  continued  busi- 
ness distinguished  for  his  honorable  deal- 
ing, until  1856,  when  at  his  death,  his 
eldest  son,  J.  A.  Young,  succeeded  him. 
He  conducted  the  business  till  a vear  be- 
fore his  death,  26th  October,  1882.  In 
1881,  his  brother,  G.  G.,  who  had  heen 
many  years  his  partner,  succeeded  him. 
The  store  was  originally  situated  in  what 
is  now  the  lower  portion,  but  which  was 
then  the  centre  of  the  town.  In  1829, 
it  was  burned,  and  then  Mr.  Alexander 
moved  into  the  building  now  used  as  the 


State  op  South  Carolina. 


315 


goal,  and  in  1859,  the  present  store  was 
erected.  This  is  31x66  feet,  and  may  be 
said  to  be  the  best  store  building  in  town. 
It  has  an  imposing  front,  is  of  redbrick, 
the  walls  are  very  thick  and  the  whole  is 
rendered  fire-proof  by  ponderous  iron 
shutters  in  back  and  front.  The  strength 
of  the  structure  as  fire-proof,  has  been 
proven  three  times,  when  the  houses  on 
three  sides  have  been  burned  down ; once, 
actually  the  whole  burning  building  fell 
on  to  the  side  of  Mr.  Young’s  store,  and 
at  another  time,  the  shutters  were  red 
hot,  but  nothing  inside  was  as  much  as 
injured.  Interiorily  it  is  splendidly  fur- 
nished and  a large  stone  vault  is  in  the 
rear,  for  keeping  the  valuable  articles. 
The  stock  is  valued  at  $8,000,  and  it  is 
an  accepted  fact  that  no  one  ever  called 
who  did  not  get  what  he  or  she  wanted. 
The  house  has  carried  such  a large  vari- 
ety of  goods  for  so  many  years  that  the 
old  seven-year  adage  has  again  and  again 
come  true,  to  the  delight  of  the  aston- 
ished customer.  The  stock  contains  a 
complete  line  of  books,  stationery,  jew- 
elry, fancy  goods,  spectacles,  English 
cutlery,  knives,  razors,  scissors,  guns, 
pistols,  ammunition,  lamps  and  lamp 
goods,  imported  china  and  glassware, 
fancy  and  willow  ware,  chairs,  baby  car- 
riages, toys,  sewing  machines  with  the 
latest  inventions  in  attachments  and  nee- 
dles, etc.,  etc.  The  house  is  one  of  the 
best  known  in  the  whole  country.  Mr. 
Young  is  a native  of  Kershaw  county,  is 
a considerable  real  estate  owner,  and 
after  many  years  of  bachelorhood,  mar- 
ried a lady  of  the  county  12  years  ago. 
In  the  war  he  was  four  years  in  the  Sec- 
ond S.  C.  Cavalry,  from  shortly  after  the 
first  Manassas,  till  captured  in  March, 
1865,  in  North  Carolina. 


8.  C.  CLYBUS3PI, 

Clerk  of  Court. 

If  we  search  the  annals  of  the  county 
or  look  around  among  the  officials  of  the 
State,  it  is  doubtful  if  we  will  find  one 
more  suited  to  his  office  than  the  above 
gentleman,  or  one  that  to-day  stands 
higher  in  the  estimation  and  good  will  of 
a constituency.  Captain  Clyburn  was 
born  in  Kershaw  county,  March  18, 
1838,  was  raised  on  a farm,  and  at  16 
years  old,  went  to  clerking.  In  ’56  he 


came  to  Camden,  and  after  two  years 
more  clerking  started  in  business  on  his 
own  account.  The  outbreak  of  the  civil 
war  found  him  a successful  merchant, 
but  he  at  once  left  business  and  joined 
Nilson’s  Battalion,  7th  South  Carolina 
Regiment,  serving  with  them  as  Orderly 
Sergeant  first  on  the  coast.  They  went 
to  Virginia  in  time  to  participate  in  the 
battle  of  Petersburg,  and  at  Drury’s 
Bluff,  on  May  16,  ’64,  the  subject  of  our 
sketch  was  wounded  through  the  thigh. 
He  came  home  on  furlough  for  a few 
weeks,  returned  to  the  army  and  con- 
tinued to  the  end  of  the  war.  Returning 
home  he  engaged  in  farming  till  1868. 
He  went  to  Florida  two  years  but  came 
back  to  his  native  county  and  continued 
farming  and  merchandising  till  1877. 
In  September  of  that  year  he  was  elected 
to  fill  an  unexpired  term  as  Clerk  of 
Court,  and  from  then  till  now  has  dis- 
charged the  duties  of  the  office  so  as  to 
gain  the  approbation  of  an  approving 
public.  It  is  said  that  Mr.  Clyburn  not 
only  can  lay  his  hand  on  anything  in  the 
vast  multitude  of  papers  in  this  office  at 
once,  but  is  familiar  with  and  can  recite 
the  contents  of  them  all  without  refer- 
ence. He  gets  the  name  also  of  being 
very  polite,  and  a party  never  leaves  his 
office  without  having  gained  all  and  more 
than  all  the  information  he  came  to  find. 
This  year  he  is  nominated  unopposed  for 
the  position.  The  Captain  was  chair- 
man of  the  County  Executive  Committee 
during  ’82-’83  and  ’84,  was  delegate  to 
the  State  Congressional  Convention  in 
’82,  and  again  this  year.  He  still  takes 
an  interest  in  farming,  runs  one  planta- 
tion and  rents  a large  tract  of  land  for 
planting  purposes.  He  is  a prominent 
member  of  the  Legion  of  Honor.  He 
married  in  1859,  Mary  A.  E.  Smyrl,  of 
Kershaw,  has  had  nine  children,  six  of 
whom  are  living. 


3.  B.  LATH  AM, 

Latham  House,  Wines,  Liquors  and 
Cigars,  Livery  and  Exchange 
Stable. 

Samuel  Berry  Latham,  a prominent 
resident  of  Camden,  was  born  in  Davie 
county.  North  Carolina,  was  raised  on  a 
plantation  and  was  engaged  up  to  the 
outbreak  of  the  war  farming  in  his  na- 


316 


Town  of  Camden, 


tive  county.  For  three  years  he  was  a 
member  of  the  7th  Confederate  Cavalry, 
till  taken  prisoner  on  September  30,  ’64, 
in  Virginia,  near  Petersburg.  When 
peace  returned  he  came  back  to  his  old 
pursuits  and  migrated  to  South  Carolina 
in  February,  ’71,  settling  in  Camden 
where  he  has  since  amassed  considerable 
fortune.  Everything  he  has  taken  up 
lias  turned  into  gold  at  his  magic  touch. 
He  first  started  in  the  liquor  and  tobacco 
line,  handling  those  mostly  wholesale. 
About  a year  later  he  bought  the  premises 
on  which  he  was  located,  and  converted 
the  house  into  a hotel.  His  barroom  is, 
perhaps,  the  most  frequented  in  town, 
and  at  all  hours  of  the  day  there  is  a 
constant  crowd  of  customers.  The  stock 
will  amount  to  some  12,000  and  includes 
finest  Irish,  rye  and  corn  whiskies, 
French  brandies,  wines,  Bass’  ale, 
American  lager,  mineral  and  soda  wa- 
ters, etc.,  and  cigars,  chewing  and 
smoking  tobaccos.  The  hotel  has  for 
twelve  years  commanded  the  transient 
trade  visiting  this  point.  A ’bus  is  run 
to  all  the  trains,  good  meals  are  served, 
and  drunk  down  with  fine  home  grown 
Schoppenheimer,  comfortable  spring- 
beds  with  nets,  are  in  all  the  rooms,  and 
Mr.  Robinson,  the  manager,  is  attentive 
to  the  guests.  The  livery  stable  is  in 
keeping  with  the  rest  of  the  institution, 
similarly  well  equipped.  Eighteen  horses 
and  mules  are  constantly  on  hand,  19 
vehicles,  wagons,  buggies,  carriages,  and 
’bus  correspond,  and  are  let  out  at  rea- 
sonable rates.  In  the  season  Mr.  Latham 
handles  about  80  head  of  horses  and 
mules  of  all  kinds,  from  2:13  trotters, 
down  to  heavier  horses  and  mules  for 
wagon  and  plow  work.  The  establish- 
ment which  covers  a space  of  about 
100x500  feet  gives  employment  to  never 
less  than  fifteen  hands.  Mr.  Latham  is 
on  the  County  Executive  Committee,  is 
Chairman  of  the  Board  of  County  Com- 
missioners; he  belongs  to  the  Free- 
masons, to  the  Legion  of  Honor,  and  the 
Mutual  Reserve  Fund  Association.  He 
is  Lieutenant  in  the  Kershaw  Troop  and 
has  lately  built  a nice  residence  in  the 
upper  part  of  the  city.  In  farming  his 
advice  is  often  sought  after  by  less  expe- 
rienced agriculturists,  and  on  his  own  21 
acre  farm  he  grows  yearly  two  crops  of 
oats  and  corn  which  is  all  consumed  in 


his  own  establishment.  He  is  a man  of 
few  words  and  many  actions,  his  multi- 
farious belongings  entail  on  him  con- 
stant work.  He  has  greatly  helped  to 
build  up  the  imjDortance  of  Camden;  and 
is,  indeed,  one  of  those  men  to  whom 
South  Carolina  owes  her  rapid  rise  from 
the  state  of  poverty  into  which  she  was 
thrown  by  the  civil  war. 


JAMES  THORNWELL  HAY, 

Attorney  at  Law, 

Was  born  at  Columbia,  28th  April,  1847. 
His  father  was  a Presbyterian  minister, 
and  named  his  son  after  the  celebrated 
Dr.  Thornwell,  of  that  church.  When 
young  Hay  was  four  years  old,  the  fami- 
ly moved  to  Camden,  and  as  he  grew  up 
he  received  most  of  his  education  at 
home,  and  later  at  McAndless’  school. 
From  September,  1864,  till  April,  1865, 
he  served  with  the  Fifth  Battalion  of  S.C. 
Reserves,  and  was  present  at.  the  battle 
of  Bentonsville,  Xorth  Carolina.  For 
many  mouths  after  the  return  of  peace, 
he  engaged  in  manual  labor,  rather  than 
be  dependent  on  the  generosity  of 
friends.  In  September,  1866,  he  com- 
menced the  study  of  law  with  Gen.  Ker- 
shaw, and  was  admitted  May,  1868.  Mr. 
Hav  then  commenced  practice  and  en- 
tered upon  a career  that  has  been  a con- 
tinuously ascending  one.  He  first  was 
in  copartnership  with  Junius  Davis,  till 
April,  1869,  then  he  practiced  with  W. 
L.  DePass,  till  February,  1S74,  when 
along  with  W.  D.  Trantham,  he  bought 
the  Camden  Journal , and  conducted  it 
till  April,  1877.  At  the  same  time  he 
practiced  law  alone,  and  since  selling  out 
the  Journal,  has  continued  to  do  so.  He 
has  been  exceptionally  successful  with 
the  causes  he  has  taken  up,  and  if  there 
is  one  man  that  has  a wider  knowledge 
of  law,  is  a more  able  advocate,  and  a 
clearer  reasoner  than  another  at  the  Cam- 
den bar,  he  is  that  man.  Mr.  Hay  rep- 
resented this  county  in  the  House,  in 
1880  and  1881.  and  greatly  pleased  his 
constituency  in  the  care  he  showed  in 
the  introduction  of  several  local  bills. 
He  was  candidate  for  the  Senate  in  1882. 
and  the  manner  of  his  defeat  onl\  oved 
conclusively  the  extended  appreciation 
he  is  held  in  by  the  people  of  the  coun- 
ty. He  is  attorney  for  the  Wateree 


State  of  South  Carolina. 


317 


Bridge  corporation,  and  counsellor  of 
the  leading  merchants  and  business 
houses  of  the  town.  He  is  a member  in 
the  K.  of  the  Cl.  It.,  the  Legion  of  Hon- 
or, and  has  beeu  12  years  an  Elder  in  the 
Presbyterian  church.  He  has  an  easy 
and  attractive  manner,  and  at  his  office 
in  law  range,  entertains  clients  and  call- 
ers as  becomes  a man  of  culture  and 
standing. 


TRAftSTH&M  & WiS'SfCLER, 

Attorneys  at  Law. 

Wm.  D.  Tranham,  was  born  in  Ker- 
shaw county,  11th  November,  1847.  He 
was  educated  at  King’s  Mountain  Military 
School.  He  was  during  the  first  year  of 
the  war  in  the  2d  South  Carolina  Regi- 
ment, being  later  transferred  to  the 
State  Reserves  on  account  of  his  youth. 
When  peace  returned  he  farmed  two 
years  and  further  pursued  his  studies  at 
Wakef orest  College,  N.  C.,  graduating 
from  there  in  1871.  He  then  prose- 
cuted the  study  of  law,  and  was  admit- 
ted to  the  bar  in  1872.  In  ’73  be  bought 
the  Camden  Journal,  which  he  edited 
with  Mr.  Hay  for  five  years,  at  the  same 
time  doing  a little  practice  and  gaining 
the  good  will  and  confidence  of  the 
people,  so  that  in  ’78  when  he  directed  his 
efforts  wholly  to  law  his  business  rapidly 
increased.  The  public  well  remember  his 
defense,  assisted  by  Col.  Jno.  R.  Abney, 
of  Perry,  accused  of  McDowell’s  murder. 
The  case  was  hotly  contested,  but  the 
jury  finally  acquitted  on  the  plea  of 
self-defence,  which  was  advocated  by  the 
prisoner’s  counsel.  Mr.  Trantham  has  a 
wide  knowledge  of  the  law  and  as  an  ad- 
vocate has  few  if  any  superiors  of  his  age 
in  the  State.  From  ’78  to  ’80,  he  was 
county  chairman,  but  declined  re-elec- 
tion; the  same  years  he  was  a member  of 
the  Legislature,  but  also  declined  re- 
election,  confining  his  attention  to  his 
growing  practice.  He  has  been  delegate 
to  many  conventions,  both  State  and 
Congressional.  He  has  not  regretted 
the  step  of  declining  all  political  offices, 
and  in  time  will  be  a lawyer  whose  name 
shall  make  the  bar  of  Camden  noted 
throughout  the  State  and  country.  Mr. 
Trantham  is  Master  of  the  Masonic 
Lodge,  Kershaw,  to  which  he  was  ap- 
pointed December,  1882.  He  married 


in  1877  a North  Carolina  lady,  by  whom 
he  has  two  children.  His  office  is  lo- 
cated on  Law  Range,  where  he  has  an 
extensive  library.  He  is  possessed  of 
that  magnetism  without  which  no  man 
can  hope  to  rise. 

Mr.  Trantham  on  the  1st  July,  ’84, 
formed  a partnership  with  Cornelius  L. 
Winkler,  a young  lawyer  of  promise  and 
ability. 


W.  La  ARTHUR  & BRO., 

General  Merchandise  and  Planta- 
tion Supplies. 

Among  the  prosperous  business  houses 
of  Camden,  whose  extensive  operations 
and  well  established  reputation  entitle 
them  to  our  favorable  consideration,  we 
note  with  pleasure  the  above  named. 
The  business  was  started  in  1866  as 
Burns  & Boswell,  which  firm  soon  dis- 
solving, the  senior  continued  till  his 
death  in  1869.  Mr.  Arthur  then  took 
charge  of  the  business  for  his  late  mas- 
ter’s widow,  from  whom  he  bought  the 
entire  interest  in  1872,  and  in  1881  took 
in  his  brother  as  partner.  Mr.  Arthur 
has  from  the  commencement,  by  enter- 
prise and  his  ability  to  buy  at  low  figures, 
continued  to  prosper,  and  now  stands  as 
one  of  the  prominent  merchants  of  the 
town.  His  premises  were  originally  lo- 
cated below  his  present  site,  when  being 
burned  out  in  ’77  he  moved  into  the  es- 
tablishment he  now  occupies,  and  which 
indeed  has  gradually  grown  too  small  for 
the  increase  of  business,  and  from  time 
to  time  additions  to  the  premises  have 
been  made.  The  main  store  is  33x90, 
and  the  stock  is  arranged  so  as  to  invite 
attention.  The  wholesale  shoe  ware- 
house, 22x70  feet,  is  in  the  rear  of  this, 
and  other  two  for  heavy  plantation  sup- 
plies and  grain  respectively,  complete  the 
whole.  The  grocery  store,  30x90  feet,  is 
located  a few  doors  below,  which  is  in  its 
equipment  similarly  attractive  and  well 
appointed.  The  house  carries  a stock 
averaging  $25,000  in  value,  which  is  pro- 
cured in  large  quantities  from  the  lead- 
ing manufacturers  and  jobbers. 

They  have  the  largest  stock  of  boots 
and  shoes  in  this  section,  are  the  leading 
in  this  line,  and  carry  all  styles  in  ladies’, 
gents’  and  children’s  boots,  shoes  and 
gaiters,  also  hats  and  caps,  men’s  and 


318 


Town  of  Camden, 


boys’  clothing,  gent’s  furnishing  goods, 
etc.,  and  heavy  and  fancy  groceries. 
They  do  a wholesale  and  retail  trade  ex- 
tending through  Kershaw,  Sumter,  Fair- 
field,  Darlington,  Lancaster  and  Rich- 
land. They  also  handle  in  the  season 
500  to  700  tons  fertilizers  and  about  600 
bales  of  cotton.  Ten  competent  assist- 
ants are  engaged  and  a team  and  a wagon. 
Mr.  W.  L.  Arthur  is  a native  of  Ker- 
shaw. He  is  President  of  the  B.  and  L. 
Association,  and  also  takes  an  interest  in 
farming,  having  350  acres  under  cultiva- 
tion. lie  is  likewise  part  owner  in  a saw 
mill,  two  cotton  gins — 50  and  60  saws — 
and  grist  mill  located  in  the  county,  run 
by  a 30-horse  power  engine,  and  employ- 
ing a dozen  hands.  His  brother,  J.  L., 
is  also  a native  of  Kershaw;  in  the  war 
served  two  years  with  DePass’  artillery. 


C.  J.  DUNLAP, 

Druggist. 

The  drug  business  undoubtedly  occu- 
pies a position,  the  importance  of  which 
cannot  be  disputed. 

The  house  of  0.  J.  Dunlap,  of  Cam- 
den. was  founded  in  1866,  by  its  present 
proprietor,  and  has,  since  its  inception, 
held  the  leading  place  in  the  county. 
Mr.  Dunlap  has  been  in  his  present  lo- 
cation some  10  years,  and  has  the  most 
attractive  store  in  town.  It  is  28x90  feet 
in  extent,  25  feet  high,  and  fitted  and 
arranged  in  a most  expensive,  neat  and 
tasteful  manner,  furnished  with  all  the 
latest  improvements,  both  ornamental 
and  useful,  and  we  can  safely  say  that 
few  drug  stores  in  the  State  have  such  a 
spacious  and  pleasing  appearance.  The 
stock  comprises  a full  line  of  drugs  and 
chemicals,  as  well  as  toilet  and  fancy  ar- 
ticles, and  standard  proprietary  medi- 
cines, tobaccos  and  cigars.  Dr.  Dunlap 
is  a gentleman  of  matured  experience  in 
the  business  and  assisted  by  a competent 
clerk,  gives  careful  attention  to  com- 
pounding family  and  physicians  recipes. 
He  is  a native  of  Camden,  a graduate  of 
pharmacy,  and  also  a graduate  of  Wof- 
ford College,  of  this  State.  He  has  al- 
ways been  actively  interested  and  pro- 
motive of  the  city’s  welfare.  He  is  a ' 
member  of  the  State  Pharmaceutical  As- 
sociation. He  belongs  to  the  K.  of  H., 
the  American  Legion  of  Honor.  The 


doctor  entertains  all  who  call  upon  him 
as  becomes  a Southerner  of  culture  and 
experience,  and  his  name  is  a household 
word  in  the  homes  of  the  rich  and  the 
cottages  of  the  poor  all  over  this  county, 
where  he  holds  the  full  confidence  of  the 
public. 


KENNEDY  & WiLLIAMS, 

Insurance  Agents  and  Bankers. 

The  question  of  insurance  has  become 
of  vast  importance  to  property  owners 
throughout  the  country  and  closely  con- 
cerns all  branches  of  business.  The 
house  which  does  the  business  for  Cam- 
den in  this  line  was  started  by  Mr.  Ken- 
nedy, who  conducted  it  alone  with  the 
exception  of  1881,  when  he  amalgamated 
with  Mr.  McDowall,  till  March  1st,  ’84, 
when  he  took  into  partnership  Mr.  D. 
R.  Williams,  who  bought  out  Clyburn, 
February  1st.  They  represent  the  fol- 
lowing well  known  companies:  Germania, 
Home  of  New  York,  Crescent,  New 
York  Underwriters,  North  British  and 
Mercantile,  London,  Liverpool  and 
Globe,  Commercial  Union  and  Georgia 
Home,  with  total  assets  in  the  United 
States  of  some  §50,000,000.  They 
thus  offer  all  the  advantages  that  capital 
affords,  insure  at  lowest  rates  and  take 
risks  on  all  kinds  of  buildings,  stock, 
cotton  gins,  saw  mills,  etc.  These  gen- 
tlemen also  do  the  banking  business  of 
the  town,  make  collections  and  operate 
in  every  way  except  to  receive  deposits. 
Mr.  B.  O.  Kennedy  is  of  a thorough 
financial  turn  of  mind;  is  systematic, 
clear  and  correct  in  his  methods,  and  his 
strict  integrity  has  been,  of  course,  the 
main  stay  of  his  success.  He  is  a native 
of  Kershaw  county,  is  a son  of  R.  M. 
Kennedy,  q.  v.,  in  whose  store  his  office 
is  located,  was  a senior  warden  in  the 
Masonic  Lodge,  Kershaw.  He  is  well  as- 
sisted in  the  outside  work  by  his  partner. 
Mr.  Williams,  a young  man  of  push  and 
energy. 

P.  T.  ViLLEPICUE, 

General  Merchan  i ise. 

Nothing  gives  us  so  much  pleasure  in 
describing  the  various  commercial  re- 
sources of  a town,  than  to  note  the  ad- 
vent into  mercantile  circles  of  young 
men  of  enterprise  and  character.  To 


State  of  South  Carolina. 


319 


the  Camden  world  is  Mr.  P.  T.  Ville- 
pigue,  who  in  February  last,  started  in 
business,  a valuable  addition.  While 
yet  head  clerk  of  C.  Bell,  whom 
he  bought  out,  he  made  many  friends, 
and  now  that  he  has  opened  for  him- 
self, he  has  met  with  marked  success. 
He  already  takes  a prominent  place 
among  the  merchants  of  Camden, 
and  this  fall  is  putting  in  a stock  of 
$8,000,  which  will  vie  in  completeness 
and  variety  with  any  in  town.  It  con- 
sists of  foreign  and  domestic  dry  goods, 
white  and  fancy  goods,  clothing  to  suit 
all  figures  and  pockets,  latest  novelties 
in  gents  furnishing  goods,  newest  styles 
in  ladies,  gents  and  children’s  boots  and 
shoes;  also,  New  York  fashions  in  hats 
and  caps,  fresh  staple  and  fancy  groce- 
ries, trunks  and  valises,  etc.  The  store 
is  one  of  the  most  attractive  on  Main 
Street  is  25x100  feet.  Three  hands  are 
employed,  whose  politeness  is  in  keeping 
with  the  superior  quality  of  everything 
sold.  Mr.  Villepigue  has  made  himself 
quite  popular;  his  trade  is  mostly  among 
that  class  of  people  all  over  the  county 
who  pay  cash,  who  are  the  best  judges  of 
merchandise  of  all  kinds.  He  was  born 
in  Charleston,  has  lived  in  Kershaw 
county  all  his  life.  He  is  President  of 
the  Y.  M.  C.  A.,  member  of  the  G.  R., 
Vestryman  in  the  Episcopal  church. 


W.  M.  SHANNON, 

Lawyer,. 

Was  born  in  this  county  and  finished 
his  education  by  a two  years  course  at 
the  University  of  the  South,  Suwanee, 
Tennessee.  Returning  home  he  planted 
two  years,  but  his  father  not  wishing  to 
see  him  throw  away  talents  and  educa- 
tion in  such  an  unprofitable  business  per- 
suaded him  to  study  law  with  him.  He 
was  admitted  in  January,  ’80,  practiced 
with  his  father  till  his  death  in  July.  He 
has  not  failed  to  uphold  the  reputation 
his  family  made  at  the  bar.  He  has 
successfully  conducted  several  crimi- 
nal and  civil  cases,  though  his  business 
is  mostly  office  and  collection.  He  repre- 
sents the  Dundee  Mortgage  and  Scottish 
American,  two  of  the  largest  loaning 
companies  in  the  world,  and  is  Attorney 
for  the  Building  and  Loan  Association  of 
this  town.  The  Captain  is  quite  a popu- 


lar man  in  the  county.  He  is  a member 
of  the  American  Legion  of  Honor.  He 
is  Captain  of  the  Kershaw  Guards,  the 
only  military  company  in  the  town,  or- 
ganized two  years  ago  when  he  helped  to 
uniform  them.  He  is  a Vestryman  in 
the  Episcopal  Church  and  School  Trus- 
tee. He  is  married  to  one  of  the  nicest 
ladies  of  Kershaw,  has  a family  of  two, 
and  if  his  future  action  is  reflected  in  his 
past  he  has  a bright  and  happy  career  in 
life. 


BeKALB  HOUSE, 

J.  N.  Nicholson,  Proprietor. 

There  is  nothing  adds  more  to  the 
progress  of  a community  than  the  estab- 
lishment iu  it  of  a first-class  hotel.  Such 
a valuable  addition  to  Camden  is  the 
subject  of  our  sketch.  The  DeKalb 
House  which  only  opened  on  the  1st 
March  of  this  year,  has,  under  the  man- 
agement of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Nicholson, 
had  a steadily  prosperous  career.  It  is 
located  in  the  centre  of  the  business  por- 
tion of  the  town,  is  beautifully  cool  in 
summer,  for,  standing  on  a slight  rising 
ground,  it  catches  every  breeze.  It  looks 
to  the  south,  on  which  side  are  wide 
piazzas,  forming  a very  effective  shade 
from  the  sun  and  at  the  same  time  do 
not  obstruct  the  southern  breeze.  The 
building  is  three  stories  high  and  built 
expressly  for  hotel  purposes.  It  is  about 
60x120  feet;  on  the  first  floor  is  the  of- 
fice, dining  room  and  two  large  sample 
rooms;  on  the  next,  a nicely  furnished 
parlor  with  piano,  and  the  remainder 
with  the  upper  floor  is  taken  up  by  21 
sleeping  rooms;  the  whole  house  has 
been  this  year  newly  furnished  under 
Mr.  Nicholson’s  own  eye,  with  spring 
beds  and  the  other  conveniences  of  a 
first-class  lodging  room.  A hack  is  run 
to  every  train.  The  house  is  patronized 
by  the  best  people  of  the  town,  who  re- 
ceive boarding  rates,  considering  the  ex- 
cellent conveniences  and  table,  remark- 
ably low.  The  transient  rates  are  $2  a 
day.  Those  having  once  stopped  here 
never  fail  to  return.  Mr.  Nicholson, 
who  pleasantly  entertains  his  guests  and 
does  all  in  his  power  to  make  them  at 
home  well  deserves  the  success  he  is 
meeting  with.  He  is  a native  of  Ches- 
ter; in  the  war  he  was  four  years  in  the 


320  Town  of 


15th  North  Carolina,  in  Virginia  and  on 
the  Peninsula  as  first  Lieutenant,  Com- 
pany C,  commanded  the  company  most 
of  the  time,  and  was  at  the  Greensboro’ 
surrender,  he  lived  in  Western  North 
Carolina  after  the  war  farming  and  mer- 
chandising,and  for  six  years,  from  ’72  to 
78,  he  ran  the  hotel  in  Chester. 


Cl.PT.  C.  C.  HAILE, 

County  Treasurer. 

This  gentleman,  during  the  two  years 
that  he  has  filled  this  office,  has  given 
entire  satisfaction,  and  this  year  is  re- 
elected unopposed.  He  is  a native  of 
Kershaw,  was  thirty-nine  years  engaged 
in  farming  and  surveying,  but  now  rents 
out  his  50U  acres  of  land  on  Beaver  Creek, 
near  Hanging  Rock.  In  the  war  he  ren- 
dered four  years  service  to  the  Confed- 
eracy, first  as  Captain  Company  G,  Second 
South  Carolina,  and  later  commanding 
Company  A of  the  Twenty-Third  Regi- 
ment, till  captured  at  Five  Forks  on  the 
1st  April,  1805.  He  long  discharged  the 
duties  of  County  Commissioner.  The 
Captain  still  takes  an  active  interest  in 
the  farming  of  the  county,  is  a leading 
member  and  formerly  Chairman  of  the 
Flat  Rock  Grange,  No.  45.  He  is  an  im- 
portant factor  in  the  county,  and  a man 
whom  we  wish  long  to  see  exercising  his 
good  influence  in  the  community. 


EDW.  E.  &5LL, 

County  Auditor. 

The  present  efficient  incumbent  of  this 
office  was  born  in  Kershaw  June  22, 
1830,  and  his  mother  still  living  is  hale 
and  hearty  at  88  years  of  age.  He  was 
raised  on  a farm  and  continued  in  farm- 
ing life  till  1850.  He  then  entered  upon 
a prosperous  political  career.  He  was 
appointed  County  Magistrate  and  at  the 
same  time  Deputy  Clerk  of  Court,  and 
in  1800  was  elected  Sheriff.  When  the 
war  broke  out  he  resigned  this  office  and 
joined  the  2d  South  Carolina,  serving 
four  years.  At  Sharpsburg  lie  was 
slightly  wounded  in  the  head,  and  at 
Gettysburg  badly  in  the  foot  from  which 
he  still  suffers.  The  war  ended  he  re- 
turned home  and  was  elected  to  his  old 
post  of  Sheriff  which  he  filled  till  the 
government  was  usurped  in  1868.  From 


Camden, 


that  time  till  ’76,  he  prosecuted  farming, 
when  on  the  re-establishment  of  white 
power  he  was  made  Chief  of  Police  and 
Town  Recorder.  The  following  year  he 
was  chosen  for  Auditor,  and  at  the  same 
time  he  held  the  post  of  Recorder  for 
two  years  more.  Since  then  Captain  Sill 
has  been  continuously  re-appointed  to  his 
post  with  but  slight  ‘’opposition  till  this 
last  term,  and  the  public  are  assured  he 
is  the  best  man  for  the  office.  He  has 
been  a member  of  the  K.  of  II.  since 
1879. 


A.  R.  SMITH, 

Cotton  Buyer,  Representing  J.  M. 

Ivy  & Co.,  of  Rock  Hill. 

The  position  a cotton  buyer  holds  in 
any  trading  centre  is  synonymous  in  im- 
portance with  the  part  that  the  great 
Southern  stajfle  plays  in  the  financial 
world  of  this  State.  “Mr.  Smith,  who  as 
above  noticed  buys  in  this  market  for  the 
well  known  house  of  J.  M.  Ivy  & C'o., 
bankers,  of  Rock  Hill,  was  born“in  York 
county.  His  father,  a physician  by  call- 
ing, died  in  November,  1853,  one  month 
before  the  subject  of  our  sketch  was  born. 
Young  Smith  was  raised  on  a farm  till 


he  was  fourteen  years  old,  when  he  ap- 
prenticed himself  in  Rock  Hill.  He  rap- 
idly rose  in  the  estimation  of  his  em- 
ployers, continued  clerking  till  ‘17.  when 
be  was  appointed  buyer  “to  this  house. 
Messrs.  Ivy  soon  put  complete  confi- 
dence in  his  judgment.  The  following 
year  they  located  him  at  Chester,  and  in 
’79  moved  him  to  Camden.  He  buys  in 
an  average  season  about  5,000  bales,  and 
farmers  are  generally  much  pleased  with 
his  correct  and  ready  manner  of  doing 
business.  Mr.  Smith  also  manages  for 
his  employers  a farm,  2,000  acres,  in 


State  oe  South  Carolina. 


321 


Sumter.  He  is  a favorite  round  town, 
belongs  to  the  K.  of  II.,  is  a R.  A.  and 
Council  Mason  and  member  of  the  Rock 
Hill  Lodge. 


I.  H.  ALEXANDER,  D.D.  S., 

Dentist. 

Camden  is  fortunate  in  possessing  in 
the  above  one  of  the  best  known  dentists 
of  the  State,  and  her  people  have  not 
been  slow  in  appreciating  this  fact  for 
they  have  liberally  patronized  him  since 
he  commenced  the  practice  of  his 
specialty  here.  The  doctor  is  a native 
of  Kershaw  county.  At  1G  years  of  age 
he  left  school  and  entered  the  army, 
serving  as  color-bearer  and  courier  in  the 
Kershaw  Light  Artillery,  (Buist’s  Bat- 
talion,) went  all  through  that  famous  re- 
treat from  the  coast  up  into  Xorth  Caro- 
lina with  Johnson’s  army.  When  peace 
came  he  turned  his  mind  towards  dentis- 
try and  studied  under  Dr.  Bosseler,  of 
Camden,  later  practicing  with  him  sev- 
eral years,  graduating  from  the  Philadel- 
phia College  of  Dental  Surgery  in  the 
spring  of  1877.  He  conducted  a pros- 
perous business  in  Barnwell  four  years 
making  many  friends  and  patrons  who 
were  sorry  to  loose  him.  He  was  in 
Columbia  a year,  and  in  the  fall  of  ’78 
returned  to  Camden,  since  when  he  has 
enjoyed  a large  and  growingcustom  from 
the  best  families  all  over  the  county.  His 
rooms  are  spacious  and  provided  with 
every  modern  convenience  for  carrying 
on  all  branches  of  the  business.  They 
are  centrally  located  on  Broad  Street, 
consist  of  parlor,  operating  room,  and 
laboratory.  The  doctor  is  expert  in 
operating,  filling,  mounting  on  gold  or 
other  substances,  etc.,  his  rates  are  al- 
ways reasonable,  he  takes  great  pains  in 
giving  courage  to  timid  patients,  and,  in 
fact,  he  ranks  in  standing  and  ability 
with  the  first  in  the  State.  He  is  a 
prominent  member  of  the  State  Dental 
Association,  as  one  of  its  charter  mem- 
bers. which  was  organized  April  5th. 


1870,  and  has  filled  many  important  offi- 
ces in  it.  He  was  the  first  to  use  steam 
for  working  the  celluloid  base  by  which 
such  a revolution  was  brought  about  in 
some  branches  of  the  science.  The  doc- 
tor married  a Charleston  lady  on  Janu- 
ary 5,  1875,  and  has  one  boy. 


CAPT.  WM.  CLYBURM. 

This  gentleman  was  born  in  Kershaw 
county  21st  January,  1831,  and  resided 
in  the  country  till  ’48,  when  he  removed 
to  the  town,  and  for  three  years  was 
clerk  to  one  of  the  leading  merchants. 
In  1851  he  started  in  business  for  him- 
self, buying  cotton,  and  also  carried  on 
grocery  business  till  the  war.  In  1856 
he  was  elected  Clerk  of  the  Court,  being- 
re-elected  each  succeeding  term.  When 
the  war  broke  out  he  appointed  a deputy 
in  his  place  and  joined  Greggs’  1st  South 
Carolina  Regiment — the  first  body  of 
men  to  proceed  to  Virginia  from  this 
State — as  1st  Lieutenant  in  Boykin’s 
Company.  He  was  later  appointed 
Captain  Company  G,  7th  Battalion, 
Ilagood’s  Regiment,  Hokes’  Division. 
The  Captain  was  a gallant  soldier  and  took 
to  the  sword  like  a duck  to  the  water. 
He  was  slightly  wounded  at  Petersburg, 
was  at  Bentonville  and  at  the  Greens- 
boro surrender.  While  yet  in  the  army 
he  was  elected  Clerk  of  the  Court  in  ’64, 
and  returning  home,  took  up  the  place 
till  1869.  Pie  resumed  his  old  avocation 
as  cotton  buyer  for  Knoop,  Ilannaman 
& Co.,  and  has  bought  more  cotton  on 
this  market  than  any  one  living.  Capt. 
Clyburn  is  one  of  the  influential  men  of 
the  county,  has  been  often  solicited  to 
allow  his  name  to  be  used  again  as  can- 
didate for  office,  but  he  thinks  that  two 
officials  in  a county  out  of  one  family 
are  enough.  He  is  one  of  the  largest 
real  estate  owners  of  the  town,  including 
one  of  the  finest  blocks  on  Main  St., 
has  1,100  acres  of  plantation  lands  on 
Flat  Rock  Creek.  He  married  19tli 
October,  1871,  a Lancaster  lady  and  has 
a family  of  four. 


CHARLESTON,  S.  C. 


LUCAS  & RICHARDSON, 

Printers,  Binders,  Rulers,  Manufacturing  Stationers,  Etc., 
62  East  Bat  Street. 


Tlie  printing  business  may  be  safely 
looked  upon  as  a barometer  of  the  gen- 
eral trade  and  commerce  of  any  commu- 
nity, as  its  progress  indicates  the  advanc- 
ing intelligence  and  desire  for  improve- 
ment displayed  on  the  part  of  the 
people.  To  those  non-progressive  spirits 
who  would  have  us  believe  that  Charles- 
ton is  not  steadily  increasing  her  wealth 
and  augmenting  her  commercial  import- 
ance, we  would  only  cite  the  career  of 
the  house  under  notice,  which  furnishes 
us  with  sufficient  facts  to  prove  that  the 
“Queen  City”  is  steadily  keejiing  pace 
with  the  general  onward  march  of  the 
country.  Founded  in  1876,  in  a year 
when  the  political  and  financial  status 
of  South  Carolina  was  unsettled  and 
dark  indeed  under  the  executive  head, 
that,  starting  in  absolute  obscurity,  has 
since  become  familiar  as  that  of  one  of 
the  leading  establishments  of  the  South. 
Messrs.  Lucas  & Richardson,  after  serv- 
ing many  years  as  practical  printers  in  a 
large  Southern  printing  office,  learning 
the  various  branches  of  the  business  in 
detail,  started  for  themselves  in  a small 
room  located  on  East  Bay,  a few  doors 
from  their  present  site.  Furnished  with 
one  press,  without  money,  without  a 
name,  except  what  they  had  acquired  as 
other  young  men  among  their  ordinary 
friends  and  acquaintances,  alongside  of 
houses  whose  existence  almost  dated 
back  as  far  as  that  of  the  State  itself, 
they  boldly  advertised  themselves  as 
ready  to  undertake  job  work  of  all  and 
any  kind.  They  executed  orders  in  a 
manner  that  at  once  won  the  confidence 
of  the  business  men  of  the  city,  their 
trade  rapidly  increased,  the  reliability  of 
their  work  became  acknowledged,  and 
they  took  their  stand  as  a young  and 
rising  house  of  the  Palmetto  State. 
They  extended  their  facilities  and  their 
room,  till  the  building  would  no  longer 
meet  the  demands  made  upon  it,  so  in 


July  of  1883  they  moved  into  the  im- 
posing structure  they  now  occupy  at  62 
East  Bay,  beside  the  Postoffice/ in  the 
very  centre  of  the  business  portion  of 
the  city.  It  consists  of  four  floors,  with 
basement  used  for  storing  stock.  On 
the  street  floor  we  find  a large  and  varied 
assortment  of  stationery  goods,  present- 
ing an  enticing  array  to  the  retail  cus- 
tomer of  all  kinds  of  paper,  check 
books,  inks  and  office  furniture  gener- 
ally. The  office  is  comfortable  and  well 
furnished,  and  here  customers  are  plea- 
santly received,  and  can  see  a full  line 
of  elegant  samples  of  printing  and  lith- 
ograph work  of  the  very  latest  styles 
and  designs. 

On  the  second  floor  we  find  book 
room,  job  room,  press  room,  etc. ; there 
are  six  presses,  latest  patterns,  two 
cylinder  and  four  job.  On  the  upper 
floors  are  the  binding,  ruling,  finishing, 
gilding,  stereotyping  departments  and 
drying  room,  and  there  will  shortly  be 
added  electrotyping  and  engraving.  The 
machinery  is  driven  by  a New  York 
safety  8-horse  engine.  Twenty-five  com- 
petent hands  are  constantly  employed. 
Their  trade  extends  over  North  and 
South  Carolina,  Georgia,  Florida  and 
Alabama,  in  which  territory  their  work 
has  gained  a reputation  second  to  none. 
The  members  of  the  firm,  Messrs.  TV. 
N.  Lucas  and  TV.  H.  Richardson,  are 
native  Charlestonians,  are  live,  shrewd, 
reliable,  attentive  and  polite  in  their 
business  relations,  and  ingratiate  them- 
selves into  the  good  will  of  customers. 
They  for  a time  ran  a branch  establish- 
ment in  Greenville,  S.  C.,  where  they 
published  the  Xews.  They,  however, 
abandoned  this,  owing  to  the  tremen- 
dous growth  of  the  Charleston  business 
requiring  all  their  attention.  Parties 
who  wish  the  best  work  at  reasonable 
prices  will  find  it  to  their  advantage  to 
correspond  with  this  firm. 


CLASSIFIED  BUSINESS  INDEX. 


BANKS. 


Anderson. 

National  Bank 251 

Camden. 

Kennedy  & Williams 318 

Greenville. 

National  Bank 90 

Newberry. 

National  Bank 225 

Spartanburg. 

National  Bank 180 

Sumteii. 

National  Bank 293 

Union. 

Nicholson,  W.  A . . 206 

CARRIAGE  FACTORIES  AND 
DEALERS. 

Abbeville. 

Seal,  Mcllwain  & Co 139 

Greenville. 

Gilreath,  Harris  & Co 76 

Markley,  H.  C 72 

Orangeburg. 

Doyle,  P 272 

Spartanburg. 

Cantrell,  F.  & Co 165 

Mills,  L.  A.  & Co 161 

Union. 

Robinson  & Allen 217 

Rodger,  Jno 207 

BOOTS  AND  SHOES. 

Camden. 

Arihur,  W.  L.  & Bro 317 

Greenville. 

Abell  A.  Morgan 78 

Goodwin,  J.  P 70 

Sumter. 

Bultmann  & Bro 294 

COTTON  FACTORIES. 
Greenville. 

Piedmont  M'f'g  Co 64 

Huguenot  Mills  77 

N KWBERRY. 

Cotton  Mill 225 

Orangeburg. 

Orange  Cotton  Mill 265 

Spartanburg. 

Clifton  M'f'g  Co 156 

Glendale  M’f’g  Co 159 

Pacolei  M’f'g  Co 161 

BUTCHERS. 

Greenville. 

Sehlapbach,  H 114 


CLOTHING. 


Greenville. 

Poe,  F.  W.  & Co 90 

Weil,  Isaac 87 

Newberry. 

Cloud  & Smith 233 

Scott,  E.  A 231 

Orangeburg. 

Epstein,  D 27S 

Spartanburg. 

Clond,  J.  S.  & Co 164 

CLERGYMEN. 

Greenville. 

Capers,  E 94 

Mundy,  J.  A 98 

Smart,  R.  D 99 

Orangeburg. 

Galphin,  T.  M 275 

Raysor,  T 274 

Stokes,  J.  L 275 

COMMISSION  MERCHANTS. 

Gr  eenville. 

Gower  & Reilly 60 

Smiih,  J.  C 86 

Steen,  T 120 

Woodward,  W.  T.  J.  & Son.  . . . 106 

Orangeburg. 

Copes,  R 270 

Spartanburg. 

Schoeklev,  B.  F 186 

Smith,  F.  S 184 

DRY  GOODS. 

Camden. 

Kennedy,  R.  M 312 

Sumter. 

Lowry,  H.  A 296 

Union. 

Flynn,  D.  C 213 

DRf  GOODS  AND  MILLINERY. 
Abbeville. 

Haddon,  R.  M.  & Co 136 

Anderson. 

Arnstein,  M.  B 252 

Greenville. 

David,  C.A 103 

Dickson,  ,T  M 92 

Hovey  & Townes 63 

M Kay,  !V1.  A 109 

1VI organ  .T.  H.  & Bro 102 

Stradley  & Barr 104 

Newberry. 

Cline  B.  H 228 

Foot,  M 2s4 

Tarrant,  W.  T 73:1 

Orangeburg. 

Brunson  & Dibble 270 


Kohn  T 

Spartanburg. 
Bowden.  Earle  &01iphant... 

Freisleben,  A 

Geddes,  J.  & Co 

Lee,  J.  A.  & Son 

Sloan,  J.  H.  & Co 

Williams,  T.  A 

...  173 
...  194 
..  . 164 
...  173 
. . 134 
...  186 

DENTISTS. 

Abbeville. 

Wilson,  H.  D 

Anderson. 

Johnstone,  A.  P 

...  253 

Charleston. 

Dotterer,  L.  P 

..  285 

Camden. 

Alexander,  I.  H 

...  321 

Orangeburg. 
Wolfe,  L.S  

Spartanburg. 
Boyd,  M.  P 

..  193 

Union. 

Meador,  L.  E 

..  217 

COTTON  BUYERS. 

Camden. 

Clyburn,  W 

Smith,  A.  R 

..  321 
..  320 

Spartanburg. 
Walker,  Fleming  & Co  

..  155 

Sumter. 

Stubbs  C.  E 

..  292 

DRUGGISTS. 

Abbeville. 

Cothran.  W.  S & Co 

Penny,  W.  T 

Speed  & Lowry 

. . 142 
..  139 

Camden. 

Dunlap,  C.  J 

. 318 

Greenville. 

Racot,  D.  T.  & Co 

Rrown.  J R 

Walter,  F.  A 

Westmoreland  Bros 

. 105 
. 114 
91 

. (8 

Newberry. 

Fant,  S.  F 

. 227 

Orangeburg. 

Wannamaker,  J.  G 

267 

Spartanburg. 

Hill  & Dawkins 

Li‘mn,  H A 

Life  MedicineCo 

Topaz  Cinchona  Ccrdial  Co. . . 

. 182 
. 186 
. 193 
166 

Sumter. 

China,  A.  J 

296 

324 


Classified  Business  Index, 


Union. 

Posey,  J.  W.  & Bro 215 

EDUCATIONAL  INSTITU- 
TIONS. 

Greenville. 


Conservatory  of  Music 85 

Female  College 84 

Furman  University. ..  .■  80 

Newberry. 

Newberry  College 229 

Female  Academy 230 

Sumter. 

St.  Joseph’s  Academy 291 


FRUITS  AND  FLOWERS. 
Greenville. 


Garraux,  E 110 

FERTILIZERS. 

Newberry. 

McCaughrin,  A.  J 237 

Spartanburg. 

Walker.  Fleming  & Co 155 

Kirby,  A.  H.  & Son 194 

Union. 

Nicholson,  W.  A 206 

FURNITURE  DEALERS. 
Greenville. 

Dantzler  & Mackey 8S 

Turner,  J.  C.  C SS 

Spartanburg. 

Mills,  L.  A.  & Co 161 

GENERAL  MERCHANDISE. 
Abbeville. 

Cunningham  & Templeton 137 

Knox,  J & Co 138 

Smith,  J.  W.  & Son 133 

Wardlaw  & Edwards 13s 

White  Bros 132 

Anderson. 

Barr,  W.  F 251 

Bleckley,  Brown  & Fretwell 216 

Crayton,  B.  F.  & Sons  244 

Ligon,  W.  S.  & Co 249 

Greenville. 

Briggs,  Mills  & Go 116 

Ferguson.  T.  B 113 

Slattery,  John 71 

Newberry. 

Martin,  J.  N.  & Co 226 

McWhirter,  G 233 

Ramage,  B J 237 

Orangeburg. 

Bull  & Scovill 266 

Gornelson.  G.  H 265 

Inabinet,  J.  A 271 

Owen,  B.  B 271 

Spartanburg. 

Floyd,  A.  C 195 

Lee,  J.  A.  & Son 173 

Sumter. 

Monaghan.  R.  P 294 

Moran,  M 293 

O'Donnell  & Co 297 

Reid,  J 288 

Union. 

Colton,  J.  E 217 

Gee,  R.  T 210 

Rice  & McClure 2U9 


Roberson  & Grimball 208 

Wallace,  W.  C 218 

Camden. 

Arthur,  W.  L.  & Bro 317 

Villepigue,  P.  T 218 

GROCERS. 

Greenville. 

Allen,  R.  E & Bro 105 

Duncan  & Patton 69 

Ferguson  & Miller. 67 

Finlay  Bros 89 

Goodwin,  J.  A 107 

Lipscomb  & Russell 75 

Wright,  A.  B.  & Son US 

Orangeburg. 

Brunson,  C.  P 272 

DeMars,  F 273 

Spartanburg. 

Burnett  & McDowell 191 

Carlisle  A- Cofield 195 

Reid  & Liles 163 

Wingo,  W.  J 1S4 

Union. 

Fant,  McKissick  & Co 214 

Farr  A Thomson 215 

HARDWARE. 

Greenville. 

Williams,  J.  T.  & Co 66 

Wilkins,  Poe  & Co 74 

Newberry. 

Peoples  & Johnson 227 

Spartanburg. 

Cannon, W.  C 172 

Diiling,  Baker  & Co 167 

Ezell,  S.  B 175 

Union. 

Fant,  McKNsiCk  & Co 214 

B’oster  & Wilkins 205 

ICE  FACTORY. 

Spartanburg. 

Hallett,  W.  B.  & Co 170 

INSURANCE  AGENTS. 
Greenville. 

Ferguson,  T.  B 113 

Gower  & Reilly 6(1 

Smith,  J C 86 

Newberry. 

Scott,  E A 231 

Werber,  F.,  Jr 232 

Orangeburg. 

Robinson,  K.  & Bro 271 

Spartanburg. 

Elford,  J.  M 174 

Walker,  Fleming  & Co 155 

Sumter. 

White,  A 296 

Union. 

Goss  & Stokes ...  214 

JEWELERS. 

Greenville. 

Snider,  S.  M 92 

Newberry. 

Scholtz,  E 233 

Spartanburg. 

Henneman,  J.  4 163 

McMillian,  J.  W 179 


HOTELS. 


Abbeville. 

Commercial 144 

Hill,  A.  M.  & Sou  137 

Anderson. 

Fowler,  J.  S 254 

Carden. 

DeKalb  House 319 

Latham,  S.  B " ’ 315 

Charleston. 

Waverly  House 2 

Greenville. 

Exchange 114 

Newberry. 

Blease,  H.  H 238 

Chase,  C.  C ’ 231 

Spartanburg. 

Windsor,  W C.  Hewiit 19u 

Sumter. 

Jervey  House 297 

Union. 

Gibbes,  W.  M 214 

HARNESS  MAKERS. 
Greenville. 

Heldmann,  G 10s 

Orangeburg. 

Noland.  J.  C 27S 

Spartanburg. 

Heldmann,  M ]S9 

HEALTH  RESORTS. 
Spartanburg. 

Glenn  Springs 175 

LAWYERS. 

Abbeville. 

Benet,  W C ]3i 

Calhoun.  O.  T 134 

Cason,  S.  C 140 

DeBruhl,  M.  P 140 

Gary.  E.  B 131 

Gray  don,  E.  G 133 

Klugh,  J.  C 141 

Lee,  W.  A 136 

Lyon,  .T.  F 143 

McGowan,  S 12s 

Parker,  W.  H 131 

Anderson. 

Brown  W S 252 

Frierson  & Mittison 254 

Prince,  G.  E 253 

Seuddy,  H G 248 

Tribble,  J.  L 252 

Camden. 

Hay.  J.  T 316 

Kershaw.  Judge 307 

Shannon,  W . M 319 

Trantbam  & Winkler 217 

Greenville. 

Ansel,  M.  F Ill 

Blythe,  A 10.4 

Donaldson.  J.  Q, 100 

McBee.E.  A 113 

Nix.  J.  T 116 

Perry,  W.  H 108 

Stokes  & Irving 100 

Waiie,  W L 106 

Wells  & Orr 79 

Westmoreland.  G Ill 

W lhams.W.  A US 

N ewberry. 

Caldwell,  J.  F 223 


Classified  Business  Index. 


325 


Oulbreath,  ,T.  Y 235 

Goggans  & Herbert 235 

Johnstone,  G 224 

Jones,  J.  B 232 

Jones  ,v  Jones 228 

Moorman,  T.  S 231 

Mower,  G S 23b 

Pope  Y.  J 223 

Werber,  F 232 

Orangeburg. 

Dibble  A C 273 

Glaze,  W.L 276 

Glover,  J 2811 

Glover,  M 26.9 

Izlar  J.  F 269 

Moss,  B.  H 274 

Kaysor,  T.  M 274 

Spartanburg. 

Bobo  k Carlisle 185 

Duncan,  I).  R 170 

McCrary,  S.  T.  196 

Thomson.  J.  S.  R 171 

Wilson,  S 192 

Sumter. 

Beard.  W.  T 297 

Blandine,  J.  D 288 

Earle,  J.  H 289 

Fraser,  Judge 2S7 

Unio  v. 

McKissiek.  I.  G 211 

S"  edman.  J.  B 213 

Wallace,  Judge 2U4 

LIYERY  AND  SALE  STABLES. 

Abbeville. 

Hill,  A.  M.  & Son 137 

Russell,  L H 140 

Anderson. 

Fowler,  J.  S 254 

Camden. 

Latham,  S.  B 315 

Newberry. 

Poole,  J.  P 226 

Orangeburg. 

Slater,  E.  F 270 

Spartanrurg. 

Tanner,  A 1S2 

Sumter. 

Graham,  W.  M 295 

MACHINE  WORKS, 
Greenville. 

McDonald,  R.  M 102 

Spartanburg. 

Cantrell,  F.  k Co 1 65 

Fowler  & Robison 187 

MONUMENTAL  WORKS. 

Greenville. 

Clark,  A 119 

Spartanburg. 

Geddes,  Jno 1SS 

MASON. 

Grant,  J 210 


NEWSPAPERS.  PRINTING  OF- 
FICES AND  BOOKSELLERS. 


Anderson. 

Intelligencer 247 

Journal 253 

Greenville. 

Enterprise  and  Mountaineer 115 

Felton,  H.  J 94 


Newberry. 

Herald 237 

News 237 

Observer 236 

Orangebuig. 

Times  and  Democrat 273 

Spartanburg. 

Cofield,  Petty  & Co  193 

Herald 181 

Spartan 190 

Trimmier,  T.  J 180 

Sumter. 

Advance 293 

Union. 

Times 216 

OFFICIALS. 

Abbeville. 

DnPre.  J.  F.  C 142 

Lynn,  ,T.  F 143 

Parks,  J.  T 144 

Perrin,  J.  W 143 

Zeigler,  M.  G 143 

Anderson. 

Daniels,  J.  W 249 

Humphreys,  W.  W 250 

I,igon.  T.  C 250 

McConnell,.!.  H 261 

Tribble,  M.  P 250 

Camden. 

Clvhurn,  S.  C 315 

Haile.  C.  0 320 

Sill,  E.  E 320 

Greenville. 

Pnnthit,  S.  J 112 

Gilbreath,  P D 112 

Robertson,  M.  K 117 

Newberry.' 

Fair,  J,  S 237 

Nance,  J.  K 236 

Wheeler,  D.  B' 236 


Newberry'. 

Pope,  S 235 

Orangeburg. 

Hydrick,  A S 275 

Wannamaker,  W.  C 276 

PLANING  MILLS. 

Greenville. 

( lagle,  J.  W 78 

Newberry. 

Aull,  J.  L.  k Son 235 

RICE  MILLS. 
Orangeburg. 

Banks  k Smith 268 

SASH,  DOORS  AND  BLINDS. 
Greenville. 

Gower  k Reilly  60 

Gilreath,  Harris  & Co 7« 

Shumate,  Grady  & Nichols ..S3 

Spartanburg. 

Mills,  L.  A 16] 

SALOONS. 

Abbeville. 

McGettigan,  Tbos 114 

Anderson. 

Drennan.  W.  I 249 

O'Donnell,  Jno 248 

Greenville. 

Black,  G 117 

Pool,  J.  N 118 

SEWING  MACHINES. 

Camden. 

Young,  G.  G . 314 

Spartanburg 

Hill  k Dean 183 


Orangeburg. 

Albergotti.  J S 277 

Brunsnn,  G.  W 26 

Izlar,  P.  P , 276 

Robinson, . I.  F 276 

Salley,  A.  M 277 

Wannamiker,  L.  H 277 

Webster,  E.  A 27S 

Spartanburg. 

Bacon,  E 192 

Bla^singhame.  J.  H 191 

Chapman  B.  B 192 

Flovd,  H.  D 192 

Nicholls,  G.  W 191 

Sumter. 

Cnt.tino,  W H 291 

D-lgar,  W.  R 290 

Walsh,  T V 2P0 

Whitiemore,  J.  A 295 

Union. 

Duncan,  D P 212 

PAPER  MILLS. 
Greenville 

Greenville 101 

PHYSICIANS. 

Abbeville. 

Gary,  E F 135 

Hill,  L.T 141 

Greeeville. 

Jones.  W.  R 101 

1 iorrnh,  J.F  101 

Wright,  W.  E 110 


STOCK  FARMS. 


Anderson. 

Generostee 245 

Camden. 

McDowall,  J.  D 313 

Greenville. 

Millsdale 115 

Spartanburg. 

Mills,  L.  A 160 

STORAGE. 

Greenville. 

Gilreaih,  Harris  k Oo 76 

Gower  & Reilly 60 


STOVES,  CROCKERY  AND  TIN- 
WARE. 


Greenville. 

Burbage.  S.  P 107 

Cook,  J.  A 104 

Gilreath  k Patton 70 

Newberry. 

Wright,  W.  T 234 

Orangeburg. 

Willcock,  W 272 

Spartanburg. 

McCorkle,  J.  G 189 

Union. 

Rodger,  J.  H 210 


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GENERAL  INDEX 


ABBEVILLE. 


Benet,  W.C 131 

Calhoun,  O.  T 134 

Cason,  S.  C 140 

Coogler,  Mrs 144 

Cothran,  W.  S.  & Co  142 

Cunningham  & Templeton 137 

DeBruhl  M P 141 

linpre,  J.  F.  C 142 

Gary,  E.  B 131 

Gary,  F F 135 

Graydon,  E.  G 133 

Haddon,  R M.  & Co 136 

Hill,  A.  M.  & Sous 137 

Hill,  L.T 141 

Klugh,  J.  C 14! 

Knox.  ,T.  & Co 13S 

Lee,  W.  A 136 

Lyon,  J.  F 143 

McGowan,  Judge 12S 

McGettigan,  T 144 

Parker  W.  H 130 

Parks,  J.  T 144 

Penny,  W.  T 139 

Perrin.  J.  W 143 

Russell,  L H 140 

Seal,  Mcllwain  & Co I3f 

Smith,  W.  J.  & Son 133 

Speed  & Lowry 140 

Wardlaw  & Edwards 138 

White  Bros 132 

Wilson,  H.  D 142 

Zeigler,  M.  G 143 

ANDERSON. 

Arnstein,  M.  B 252 

Barr,  W.  F 251 

Bleckley,  Brown  & Fretwell 246 

Brown,  W.  S 252 

Crayton,  B.  V . & Sons 244 

Daniels,  J.  W 249 

Drennan.  W.  I 249 

Fowler  J S 254 

Frierson  & Mattison 254 

Generostee  Stock  Farm 245 

Humphreys,  W.  W 250 

Intelligencer , 247 

Johnston,  A.  P 253 

Journal  253 

Ligin,  W.  S.  & Co- 249 

Ligon,  T.  C 250 

McConnell,  J.  H 251 

National  Bank 251 

O’l'onnell  Jno 248 

Prince,  G.  E 253 

Scnddy,  H.  G 248 

Tribble,  J.  L 252 

Tribble,  M.  P 250 

CAMDEN. 

Alexander,  I.  H 321 

A'  thur  W.  L.  & Bro 317 

Clvburn,  S.  C 315 

Clyburn  Wm 321 

DeKalb  House 319 

Dunlap,  C.  J 3 1 S 

Haile.  C.C 320 

Hay.  J.  T 316 

Kennedy,  R.  M 312 

Kennedy  & Williams 318 


Kershaw,  Judge 311 

Latham,  S.  B 315 

McDowall.  J.  D 313 

whannon,  W.  M . . .- 319 

Sill,  E.  E 32n 

Smith,  A.  R 320 

Trantham  & Winkler 317 

Villepigue,  P.  T 318 

Young,  G.  G 314 

CHARLESTON. 

Biller’s  Pye  House 21S 

Bristol  T~  M.  & Son 127 

Chapman,  C.  H 28o 

Dotterer,  L.  P 285 

Lucas  & Richardson 322 

Melnnes,  B.  Jr 23S 

Waverly  House 2 

COLUMBIA. 

Hamilton,  F.  M 243 

GREENVILLE. 

Abell  & Morgan 78 

Allen,  R.  E & Bro . . 105 

Ansel,  M.  F Ill 

Bailey.  J.  C 115 

Black,  G 117 

Blythe,  A 109 

Briggs,  Mills  & Co 116 

Bacot.  D.  T.  & Co Ido 

Bank  National 90 

Brown,  J.  R 114 

Burbage,  S.  P 107 

Cagle,  J.  W 78 

Capers.  E 94 

Clark,  A 119 

Cook  J.  A 104 

Dantzler  & Mackey 88 

David,  C.  A 103 

Dickson,  J.  M 92 

Donaldson,  T.  Q 100 

Dorroh,  J F ldl 

Dou  hit,  S.  J 112 

Duncan  & Patton 69 

Exchange  Hotel 114 

Felton  H.  J 94 

Ferguson  & Miller 67 

Ferguson,  T.  B 113 

Finlay  Bros  . 89 

Fiizgerald,  J.  C 119 

Furman  University  SO 

Garraux,  E llo 

Gilreath  & Patton 7n 

Gilreaih.  Harris  & Co 76 

Gilbreath.  P.  D 112 

Goodwin,  J A 107 

Gondwin,  J P 70 

Gower  & Reilly 61 

Greenville  Coach  Factory 72 

Greenville  Conservatory  of 

Music  85 

Greenville  Female  College 84 

Heldmann  G 108 

H"vey  & T'-wnes  63 

Huguenot  Mills 77 

Jones.  W.  R 101 

Lipscomb  th  Russell 75 

MacDonald,  R.  M 102 

McKay,  M.  A 109 


McBee,  E.  A 113 

Millsdale 115 

Morgan,  J.  H.  & Bro  102 

Mtttidv,  J.  A 9S 

Nix,  J.  T 116 

Perrv,  W.  H 108 

Piedmont  M’f’g  Co 64 

Poole.  J.  N H8 

Poe,  F.  W.  & Co 90 

Robertson,  M.  K 117 

Schlapback,  H 114 

Shumate.  Grady  & Nichols 93 

Slattery.  J 71 

Smart.  R.  D 99 

Smith,  J.  O 86 

Snider,  S.  M - 92 

Stokes  & Irving 100 

Stadley  & Barr 104 

Steen,  Thos 120 

Turner.  J.  C.  C 88 

Wait,  W.  L 106 

Walter,  F.  A 91 

Weil,  1 87 

Wells  & Orr 79 

Westmoreland  Bros  68 

Westmoreland,  G Ill 

Wilkins,  Poe  & Co 74 

Williams,  J.  T,  & Co  66 

Williams,  W.  A - 118 

Woodward  & Son 106 

Wright,  W.  E 110 

Wright,  A.  B.  & Son U8 

NEWBERRY. 

Anil,  J.  L.  & Son 235 

Bank  National 225 

Blease,  H.  H 238 

Caldwell.  J.  F.  J 232 

Cline.  B.  II 228 

Cloud  & Smith 233 

Cotton  Mill 225 

College 229 

Cttlbreath,  J.  Y 235 

Fair,  J.  S 2.37 

Fant,  S.  F ,, 227 

Female  College 230 

Foot,  M 234 

Goggans  & Herbert  235 

Herald 237 

Hotel 231 

John~tone.  Geo 224 

Jones,  J.  B 232 

Jones  & Jones.  228 

Martin,  J.  N.  & Co 226 

McCanghrin.  A.  J 237 

McWhirter,  Geo 233 

Moorman,  T.  S 231 

Mow.  r,  G.  S 230 

Nance,  J.  K 236 

News 237 

Observer 236 

Peoples  & Johnson 227 

P-.pe,  Y.  J 2 3 

Pope,  S 235 

Poole,  J.  P 226 

R image,  B J 237 

Sc.holiz,  E 233 

Scott,  E A 231 

Tarrant.  W.  T 233 

Werber,  F.  Jr 232 

Wheeler,  D.  B 236 

Wright,  W.  T 234 


General  Index. 


ORANGEBURG. 


Albergotti,  J.  S 277 

Banks  & Smith 268 

Brunson,  0 P 272 

Brunson,  G.  W 261 

Brunson  & Dibble 270 

Bull  & Scovill 266 

Copes,  R 270 

Oornelson,  G.  H 261 

DeMars,  F 273 

Dibble,  A.  C 273 

Doyle,  P 272 

Epstin,  D 278 

Galphin,  T.  M 275 

Glaze,  W.  L 276 

Glover,  M 2b9 

Glover,  J 280 

Hvdrick,  A.  S 275 

Inabinet,  J.  A ..  271 

Iziar,  J F 269 

Izlar,  P.  P 276 

Kohn  H 268 

Kohn,  T 272 

Moss,  B.  H 274 

Noland’s  Saddlery 278 

Owen,  B B 271 

Ravsor,  T.  M 274 

Raysor.  T ...  274 

Robinson,  K.  Jt  Bro 271 

Robinson  J.  F 27s 

Salley,  A.  M 277 

Slater,  E.  F 270 

Stokes,  J.  E 275 

Times  and  Democrat 273 

Van  Orsdell 277 

Wannamaker,  L.  H 277 

Wannamaker,  .T  G 267 

Wannamaker,  W.  0 276 

Web. -ter,  E A 278 

Willcoek,  W 272 

Wolfe,  L.  S 275 


SPARTANBURG. 

Bacon,  E 192 

Bank,  Naiional  180 

Blasstnghame,  J.  II 191 

Bobo  & Carlisle 185 

Bowden,  Earle  & Oliphant, 173 


Boyd,  M.  P 193 

Burnett  & McDowell 191 

Cannon,  W.  O-  172 

Cantrell,  F.  & Co 165 

Carolina  Spartan 190 

Carlisle  & Cofield 195 

Chapman,  B.  B 192 

Clifton  Manufacturing  Co  156 

Cloud.  J S.  & Co 164 

Cofield,  Petty  & Co 193 

Dilling,  Biker  & Co 167 

Duncan.  D.  R 170 

Elford,  J.  M . . 174 

Ezell,  S B 175 

Floyd,  H,  D 192 

Floyd,  A C 195 

Fowler  & Robison 187 

Frieslebi-n.  A 194 

Ge  des,  J.  & Co 184 

Geddas,  Jno 18a 

Glendale  Cotton  Mill 159 

Glmn  Springs  175 

Hall,  J 195 

Hallett,  W.  B.  &Co.  17u 

Heldmann,  M 189 

Henneman,  J.  A 163 

Hdl  & Dean 183 

Hill  & Dawkins 181 

Kirby,  A.  H.  & Soil  194 

Lee,  J.  A.  & Son  173 

Life  Medicine  Company 193 

Ligon,  H.  A. 186 

McCrary.  S.  T 196 

McCorkle.  ,T.  G 189 

McMillian, J.  W. ...  179 

Mills,  L.  A 160 

Mouzon.  S.  C 185 

Ntcholls,  G.  W 191 

Pacolet  Manufacturing  Co 1 61 

Reid  & Liles 163 

Sehockley.  B.  F 186 

Sloan,  J.  H.&  Co 194 

Smith.  F.  S . J 84 

Tanner  A 182 

Thomson,  J.  S.  R 171 

Topaz  Cinchona  Cordial 166 

Trimmier,  T.  .T 180 

Walker  Fleming  & Co 155 

Williams,  T.  A 186 

Wilson,  S 193 

Wingo,  W.  J 184 

Windsor  Hotel 19u 


SUMTER. 


Advance  293 

Bank,  National 293 

Beard.  W.  T 297 

Bianding,  J.  D 288 

Bnltman  & Bro 2j4 

China,  A.  J 296 

Cuttino,  W.  H 291 

Delgar,  W.  R 290 

Earle,  J.  H 289 

Fraser,  T.  B 287 

Graham,  W.  M 295 

Jervey.  J.  E 297 

Lowry,  H.  A 296 

Monaghan,  R.  P 294 

Moran,  M 293 

O'Donnell  & Co  297 

Reid,  John 2SS 

St.  Joseph’s  Academy 291 

S'ttbbs,  C E 292 

Wal-h,  T.  V 290 

White,  A 296 

Whittemore,  J.  A 295 


UNION. 

Colton,  J.  A 217 

Duncan,  D.  P 212 

Fant,  McKissick  & Co  214 

Farr  & Thomson 215 

Flynn,  D C 213 

Foster  & Wilkins 2fi5 

Gee,  R.  T 210 

Goss  & Stokes 214 

Grant,  Jas 210 

Hotel,  Union 214 

McKissick,  I.  G 211 

Meador,  L.  E 217 

Nicholson.  W A 2nd 

Posey,  J,  W.  & Bro 215 

Rice  it  McLnre 209 

Robertson  & Grimball 208 

Robinson  & Allen 217 

Rodger,  Jno 207 

Rodger,  J.  H 210 

Steedman,  J.  B 213 

Times 216 

Wallace,  Judge 204 

Wallace,  W.  C 218 


WEST  END  DRUG  STORE. 


WHOLESALE  AND  RETAIL  DRUGGISTS, 

WEST  GREENVILLE,  S.  C. 


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